Wikipedia:WikiProject Missing encyclopedic articles/DNB Epitome 33

This listing page belongs to Wikipedia:WikiProject Dictionary of National Biography, spun out of the “missing article” project, and is concerned with checking whether Wikipedia has articles for all those listed in the Dictionary of National Biography (DNB), a 63-volume British biographical dictionary published 1885-1900 and now in the public domain. This page relates to volume 33 running from name Leighton to name Lluelyn.

Scope of the subproject:

It is envisaged that the following work will be done:

Checks made that links on this page point to a wikipedia article about the same person;
Addition of new articles for all red-links based on DNB text;
Checking whether blue-linked articles would benefit from additional text from DNB.

Listings are posted as bulleted lists, with footnotes taken from the DNB summaries published in 1904. The listings and notes are taken from scanned text that is often corrupt and in need of correction. Not all the entries on the list correspond to actual DNB articles; some are “redirects” and there are a few articles devoted to families rather than individuals.

If you are engaged in this work you will probably find quite a number of unreferenced articles among the blue links. You are also encouraged to mention the DNB as a reference on such articles whenever they correspond to the summary, as part of the broader campaign for good sourcing. A suggested template is {{DNB}}.

Locating the full text:

DNB text is now available on Wikisource for all first edition articles, on the page s:Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Vol 33 Leighton - Lluelyn. Names here are not inverted, as they are in the original: Joe Bloggs would be found at Wikisource s:Bloggs, Joe (DNB00). The text for the first supplement is available too: NB that this Epitome listing includes those supplement articles also.

List maintenance and protocols:

List maintenance tasks are to check and manipulate links in the list with piping or descriptive parenthetical disambiguators, and to mark list entries with templates to denote their status; whilst as far as possible retaining the original DNB names:

piping: [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot, 1st Baron Colchester|Charles Abbot]]
descriptive parenthetical disambiguators [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot (botanist)]]
both combined [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot (botanist)|Charles Abbot]]

The work involves:

Checking that bluelinks link to the correct person; if so, {{tick}} them. If not, try to find the correct article and pipe or disambiguate the link.
Check whether redlinks can be linked to an article by piping or disambiguation.
Create articles based on the DNB text for redlinks for which no wikipedia article can be found
Check whether existing blue-linked articles could benefit from an input of DNB text (e.g. the article is a stub), and if so, update the article from DNB

A number of templates are provided to mark-up entries:

{{mnl}} the link runs to a wrong person; - produces the text: ^{[link currently leads to a wrong person]}. It is preferable to amend the link by adding a disambiguator to make it red, if an article for the correct person cannot be found
{{dn}} the link runs to a dab page - produces the text ^{[disambiguation needed]}. It is preferable to amend the link by adding a disambiguator to make it red, if an article for the correct person cannot be found
{{tick}} the link has been checked and runs to the correct person - Y
{{tick}} {{tick}} the text of the linked article has been checked against DNB text and would not benefit from additional DNB text - Y Y
{{tick}} {{cross}} the text of the linked article looks short enough to suggest it would benefit from additional DNB text - Y N

Note that before creating new articles based on DNB text you should undertake searches to check that the article's subject does not already have an article. It is easily possible that the disambiguation used in this page is not the disambiguation used in an existing wikipedia article. Equally, feel free to improve upon the disambiguation used in redlinks on this page by amending them.

Supplement articles:

Because of the provenance of the listing, a number of the original articles will not in fact be in the announced volume, but in one of the three supplement volumes published in 1901. Since the DNB did not include articles about living people, this will be the case whenever the date of death is after the publication date of the attributed volume. In due course there will be a separate listing.

General thoughts:

This project is intended as a new generation in “merging encyclopedias”, as well as being one of the most ambitious attempted. For general ideas of where we are, and some justification of the approach being taken, see the essay Wikipedia:Merging encyclopedias.

Helpful access templates:

helpful templates

There are two templates to help link to the correct page: {{Cite DNBIE}} and {{DNBIE}}. The page number automatically link to the correct url for the page at the Internet Archive site.

{{Cite DNBIE|title=Dove, John|page=358}}

Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

and

{{DNBIE|title=Dove, John|page=358}}

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

if a wstitle= parameter is used in place of title= then the templates also link the DNB article on Wikisource:

{{cite DNBIE|wstitle=Dove, John (d.1665?)|page=358}}

Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John (d.1665?)". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

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^ Alexander Leighton (1568–1649), physician and divine: studied at St. Andrews and Leyden universities: M.A. St. Andrews; publishedSpeculum Belli sacri, or the Looking Glass of the Holy War 1624, and An Appeal to the Parliament, or Sion's Plea against the Prelacie 1628; arrested and condemned by Star-chamber to mutilation and life-long imprisonment, 1630; released by Long parliament, 1640; keeper of Lambeth House, 1642.
^ Alexander Leighton (1800–1874), editor of Tales of the Borders; edited and helped to write Tales of the Borders 1835-40; re-edited the complete Tales of the Borders 1857; published Romance of the Old Town of Edinburgh 1867.
^ Charles Blair Leighton (1823–1855), artist ; painted portraits and figure-pieces; occasionally exhibited at the Royal Academy.
^ Sir Elisha Leighton (d. 1685), courtier : son of Alexander Leighton (1568-1649); colonel in the royalist army; joined royalist party abroad after Charles I's execution; appointed by Charles secretary for English affairs in Scotland, 1650; knighted, 1669; F.R-S., 1663-77: one of the secretaries of the prize office, 1664; LL.D. Cambridge, 1666; secretary to the lordlieutenant of Ireland, 1670; recorder of Dublin, 167*.
^ Frederic Leighton, Baron Leighton of Stretton (1830-1896) painter and president of the Royal Academy: educated at London and various continental towns; studied art at Florence, Frankfort, at Paris, again at Frankfort under Jobann Ediiard Steinle (1810-86), and at Rome; exhibited Cimabue's " Madonna " carried through Streets of Florence at Royal Academy, 1865: A.R.A., 1866; exhibitedVenus disrobing for the Bath 1866; lived in Holland Park Road from 1866: RJU 1869: made journey, 1873, to the East, which resulted in several oriental pictures: P.RJL, 1878-96: knighted, 1878; painted two wall-pictures in Victoria and Albert Museum, and walldecoration on canvas for Royal Exchange (finished, 1895): raised to peerage by patent dated 24 Jan. 1896, the day before his death: bon. D.C.L. Oxford, LL.D. Cambridge and Edinburgh, 1879; buried in St. Paul's Cathedral, where an elaborate monument wae erected. HisAddresses delivered to students of the Royal Academy appeared, 1896. Among his best work* areHercules wrestling with Death and The Summer Moon (1871-2), Athlete straggling with a Python (1877, sculpture), The Bath of Psyche(1WO),Peweua and Andromeda (1891), The Garden of the Hesperides (1892), and Wedded (1882).
^ Henry Leighton, Lichton, or Lychton (d. 1440), bishop successively of Moray and Aberdeen; bishop of Moray, 1415, of Aberdeen, 1423; built a great part of Aberdeen Cathedral; employed on diplomatic missions.
^ Henry Leighton (f. 1669), French scholar; educated in France: obtained Oxford M.A. by fraud, 1642; taught French at Oxford: published Linguae Gallicae addiacendae Regulae 1659.
^ Robert Leighton (1611–1684), archbishop of Glasgow; son of Alexander Leighton (1568-1649); student at Edinbnrgh University, 1627; M.A., 1631; traTdled on the continent; licensed priest, 1641; a famous preacher; principal of Edinburgh University, 1653, and professor of divinity at Edinburgh; bishop of Dunblane, 1M1: archbishop of Glasgow, 1669-74; his sermons published, 1692-1708.
^ Robert Leighton (1822–1869), Scottish poet; entered the office of his brother, a shipowner, 1837; went round the world as a supercargo, 1842-3; managed the business of a firm of seed- merchants, 1854-67; published poems in 1856, 1861, 1866; other poems by him, some in the vernacular, posthumously published.
^ Sir William Leighton (fl. 1603–1614), poet and composer; published a poem in praise of James I, 1603; knighted, 1603; published the Teares or Lamentations of a sorrowful Soule 1613, and Musicall Ayres 1614.
^ William Leighton (1841–1869), Scottish poet, nephew of Robert Leighton (1822-1869); employed in a Brazilian business house, 1864-9.Poems by the kite William Leighton appeared, 1870; and other volumes in 1872 and 1875.
^ William Allport Leighton (1805–1889), botanist; educated at St. John's College. Cambridge; B.A., 1833; published Flora of Shropshire 1841, and other works, including Lichen Flora of Great Britain 1871.
^ Dukes of Leinster . See Schomber, Meinhard, first Duke of the first creation, 1641–1719 ; FITZJames Gerald , first Duke of the second creation, 1722 177*.
^ Earl of Leinster (1584?–1659). See Robert Cholmondeley.
^ Thomas Leintwarden or Leyntwwardyn (d. 1421) chancellor of St. Paul's Cathedral, London; educated at Oxford; D.D. Oxford; chancellor of St. Paul's 1401; provost of Oriel College, Oxford, 1417-21; wrote commentary on St. Paul's Epistles.
^ William Leighton Leitch (1804–1883), watercolour painter; scene-painter at the Theatre Royal, Glasgow, 1824, and lateral the Queen's Theatre, London; a successful teacher of drawing and water-colours; drawing-master to Queen Victoria and the royal family for twenty-two years; member of the Institute of Painters in Water-colours, 1862; the last of the great English teachers of landscape-painting.
^ Alexander Leith (1758–1838). See Alexander Leith Hay.
^ Sir James Leith (1763-1816) lieutenant-general; educated at Aberdeen and Lille; served in Toulons operations, 1793; colonel, 1794: brigadier-general, 1804; preSSiVr l 2 t %i ? rUt 1809: wlth Pe toular army, 2: K.B 1813: heutenant-general, 1813; command tf forces in Ue*t Indies and governor of the Leeward islands, 1814; Q.C.B., 1816; died at Barbados.
^ Theodore Forbes Leith(1746-1819), physician; Edinburgh University; M.D. 1768; ; LAC.P., 1788.
^ Henry Le Keux (1787-1868), engraver; brother mi* r eux tq. v.; apprenticed to James Basire 2Si } Cq V-1: engraved for fashionable annuals.
'^ John Le Keux (1783-1846), engraver; apprenticed to James Basire (1730-1802); engraved plates for tbe architectural publications of John Britton, Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin, John Preston Neale, and similar works.
'^ John Henry Le Keux (1812-1896), architectural engraver and draughtsman; son of John Le Keux ; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1853-65; engraved plates for Raskin'sModern PaintersandStones of Venice
^ Robert Lekprevick (ft. 1661–1588), Scottish printer; principal printer for the reform party in Scotland; king's printer, 1568-88; imprisoned for printing a pamphlet which reflected on the Regent Morton, 1574.
^ John Leland or Leylond, the elder (d. 1428), grammarian; taught as a grammarian at Oxford; wrote grammatical works in Latin.
^ John Leland or Leyland (1506?–1552), tbe earliest of modern English antiquaries; educated at St. Paul's School, London, and Christ's College, Cambridge; B.A., 1522; studied at Paris; took holy orders; library keeper to Henry VIII before 1530; king's antiquary, 1533; made an antiquarian tour through England, 1534-43; intended his researches to be the basis of a great work on the History and Antiquities of this Nation; in A New Year's Gift 1545, described to the king the manner and aims of his researches; became insane, 1550. Leland's Itinerary was first published at Oxford in nine volumes, 1710, and his Collectanea in six, 1715.
^ John Leland (1691–1766), divine; a nonconformist minister; D.D. Aberdeen, 1739; attacked the deists in A View of the principal Deistical Writers that have appeared in England during the last and present Century 1754-6, and other works.
^ Thomas Leland (1722–1785), historian; entered Trinity College, Dublin, 1737; B.A., 1741; fellow, 1746; published Latin translation of the Philippics of Demosthenes, 1754, and English translation, 1754-61; published i the History of Philip, King of Macedon 1758; presented the Irish manuscript chronicle, Annals of Loch Ce to Trinity College Library, 1766; vicar of St. Anne's, Dublin, 1773; D.D.; published History of Ireland from the Invasion of Henry II, with a preliminary Discourse on the ancient State of that Kingdom 1773.
^ Sir Peter Lely (1618–1680), portrait-painter; born at Soest by Amersfoort, near Utrecht; studied at Haarlem; came to England, 1641; introduced to Charles I, 1647; painted Charles I's portrait during his captivity at Hampton Court; painted Cromwell and enjoyed considerable private practice under him; in high favour with Charles II; painted portraits of the beauties of Charles IPs court, and of the admirals and commanders in the naval victory at Solebay, 1665; knighted, 1679.
^ Sir John Leman (1544–1632), lord mayor of London; alderman, 1605; sheriff, 1606; lord mayor, 1616-17, and knighted, 1617.
^ Thomas Leman (1751–1826), antiquary ; educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge; B.A., 1774: fellow of Clare Hall, Cambridge; M.A., 1778; Dixie (bye) fellow of Emmanuel College, 1783; chancellor of Oloyne, 17961802; visited every Roman and British road and station in Great Britain, and communicated his observations to county historians; F.S.A., 1788.
^ Sir Denis Le Marchant, first baronet (1796-1874), politician; son of John Gaspard le Marchant ; educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1823; clerk of the crown in chancery, 1834; edited a highly successful pamphlet, The Reform Ministry and the Reform Parliament 1834; secretary to the board of trade, 1836-41; created baronet, 1841; liberal M.P., Worcester, 1846-7; under-secretary for the home department, 1847; secretary of the board of trade, 1848; chief clerk to the House of Commons, 1860-71; edited Walpole's Memoirs of the reign of George III 1846.
^ John Gaspard Le Marchant (1766-1812), major-general; ensign, 1781; intimate with George III; in Flemish campaigns, 1793-4; major, 1795: devised a system of cavalry sword-exercise, and suggested pattern for improved sword; lieutenant-colonel, 1797; projected schools of instruction for officers, which were the beginnings of Sandhurst; lieutenant-governor of the echonK 1801-10; major-general in the Peninsula, 1810-12; mortally wounded at Salamanca, 1812; wrote on military subjects.
^ Sir John Gaspard Le Marchant (1803-1874), lieutenant-general, colonial administrator; son of John Gaspard le Marchant; ensign, 1820: major in the new 98th foot, 1832; served at the Oapc, 1832: as brigadier-Kem-rul in the Carlist war, 1835-7; lieutenant-governor of Newfoundland, 1847-52, of Nova Scotia, 1852-7; governor of Malta, 1859-64; G.O.M.G., 1860; commander-in-chief at Madras, 1865-8; K.C.B., 1865.
^ LBalthasar Van Lemens (1637–1704). See Van Lemens.
^ Havilland Le Mesurier (1758-1806), commissary-general; son of John Le Mesurier; adjutant commissary-general of stores, supplies, and storage to the forces on the continent, 1793; with the army during winter retreat through Holland, 1794-6; serval later in Egypt, Malta, Naples, and elsewhere: published pamphlets on commissariat matters.
^ Havilland Le Mesurier (1783-1813), lieutenant-colonel; son of Havilland Le Mesurier (17681806): educated at Westminster; ensign, 1801; served under Sir John Moore in Sweden and at Corufta; brevet lieutenant-colonel, 1811; commandant-of Almeida, 1811; shot in the battle of the Pyrenees; translated French military works.
^ John Le Mesurier (1781-1843), major-general, last hereditary governor of Alderney: nephew of Havilland Le Mesurier (1783-1813); ensign, 1794; served in Ireland, 1798; at the occupation of Messina, 1799-1800 1; in Egypt, 1801; govenior of Alderney, 1803-24.
^ Paul Le Mesurier (1755-1805), lord mayor of London; brother of Havilland Le Mesurier (1768-1806) ; as a proprietor of the East India Company opposed Fox's India bill, 1783; M.P., Southwark, 1783; sheriff, 1787; colonel of the honourable artillery company, 1794; lord mayor, 1794.
^ Abraham Le Moine (d. 1757), theological controversialist; probably son of a Huguenot refugee; chaplain to the French hospital in London, 1723-49, the Duke of Portland, 1729; chief work, a Treatise on Miracles (reply to Thomas Chubb ), 1747; also published French translations of theological works.
^ Henry Lemoine (1756–1812), author and bookseller; son of a French protestant refugee; purchased a bookstall in the Little Minories, 1777; contributed to the magazines; published miscellaneous works; started and edited various periodicals: published anonymous books and pamphlets; contributed to the Gentleman's Magazine; described as one of the best judges of old books in England, and an authority on foreign and Jewish literature,
^ George William Lemon (1726–1797), master of Norwich school; BJL QueensCollege, Cambridge, 1747; took holy orders and held several livings; master of Norwich free grammar school, 1769-78; published educational works, 1774-92.
^ Mark Lemon (1809–1870), editor of 'Punch'; began his career as a playwright, 1835; published farces, melodramas, and operas; contributed to Household Words the Illustrated London News and other periodicals, and edited the Family Herald and Once a Week; best known as one of the founders and the first editor of Punch (first number published 17 July 1841); edited Punch 1841-70; began writing novels late in life with indifferent success; known among bis friends as Uncle Mark
^ Robert Lemon (1779–1835), archivist ; educated at Norwich Grammar school; under his uncle, George William Lemon, helped to compile appendix to the Report on Internal Defence 1798; deputy-keeper of the state paper office, 1818; F.S.A., 1824.
^ Robert Lemon (1800–1867), archivist ; son of Robert Lemon (1779-1835); employed under his father in the state paper office: interpreted a certain cypher found in some state papers; FAA., 1836, rearranging society's library, 1848.
^ John Lemprière (1765? - 1824), classical scholar; educated at Winchester College and Pembroke College, Oxford; M.A., 1792; master of Grammar School at Bolton, Lancashire, 1791; of Grammar School at Abingdon, 1792-1808 (or 1809); D.D. Oxford, 1803; master of Exeter Free Grammar School, 1809-1819; chief works, A Classical Dictionary (1788) and a Universal Biography... of Eminent Persons in all Ages and Countries, (1808 and 1812).
^ Michael Lemprière (Jl. 1640–1660), seigneur of Maufant, and one of the leader* of the parliamentary party in Jersey; as a jurat of the royal court actively ppoeed the bailiff of the island, Sir Philip de Carteret [q. v.]; succeeded De Carteret as bailiff, 1643; royal warrant issued for his arrest, 1643; in exile, 1643-51; on return of parliamentary party to power resumed hi office of bailiff, 1651; removed from the bench of jurats, but allowed to retain his estates, 1660; highly esteemed by Cromwell.
^ William Lemprière (,i. 1834), traveller and medical writer; entered the army medical service; went to Morocco to attend the emperor's son, 1789, and also attended the ladies of the harem: published account of bis travels, 1791; army surgeon in Jamaica, 1794-9; published medical pamphlets.
^ Remigius Van Lemput (1609?-1676). See Van Leemput.
^ Auguste Frederick Lendy (1826 - 1889), military tutor and author; set up a private military college at Sunbury-on-Thames, c. 1854; held a commission in the army, 1869-79; published works on military subjects.
^ John Le Neve (1679-1741), antiquary; of Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge; his greatest work, Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae, or an Essay towards a regular Succession of all the principal Dignitaries &c., published, 1716; took holy orders; imprisoned for insolvency, 1722.
^ Peter Le Neve (1661-1729), Norfolk antiquary; entered Merchant Taylors School, London, 1673; president of the Antiquarian Society, 1687- 1724; F.R.S.; Rouge Croix pursuivant, 1689-90; Richmond herald and Norroy king-at-arms, 1704; collected much material, but printed nothing; many of his manuscripts preserved in Bodleian, British Museum, HeraldsCollege, and elsewhere. His copious notes form the backbone of the history of Norfolk, begun by Blomefield and completed by Parkin.
^ Sir William Le Neve (1600?-1661), herald and genealogist; Mowbray herald extraordinary, 1622; York herald and Norroy king, 1633; knighted, 1634; Clarenceux, 1636; sent by Charles I with proclamation to parliamentarians before battle of Edgehill, 1642; became insane, 1668.
^ William S. Leney (fl. 1790–1810), engraver ; articled to Peltro William Tomkins; executed five plates for Boydell's edition of Shakespeare; emigrated to America, 1806; engraved portraits of American celebrities.
^ John Leng (1665–1727), bishop of Norwich ; educated at St. Paul's School, London, and Catharine Hall, Cambridge; fellow, 1688; M.A., 1690: a distinguished Latin scholar: D.D., 1716; Boyle lecturer, 1717-18: chaplain in ordinary to George I; bishop of Norwich, 1723-7; published sermons, his Boyle lectures, and translations from the classics.
^ Maurice Lenihan (1811–1895), historian of Limerick; educated at Carlow College; engaged in journalism; editor of Limerick Reporter 1841-3, and of Tipperary Vindicator a paper started in the interests of the repeal movement at Nenagh, 1848; incorporated Limerick Reporter with Tipperary Vindicator 1849, and conducted it on moderate nationalist lines; published Limerick, its History and Antiquities 1866.
^ Francis Lennard, fourteenth Baron Dacre (1619-1662), succeeded to barony, 1630; sided with the parliament against Charles I; lord-lieutenant of ; retired from active support of parwhen the supremacy of the army became vi.l.-nt: one of the twelve peers who rejected the bill for Charles I's trial, 1648-9; went abroad, 1655.
^ Samson Lennard (rf. 1633), genealogist and translator: accompanied Sidney to the Netherlands, 1686; entered the College of Arms: Rouge-rose pursuivant extraordinary, 1616: Bluemantle pursuivant, 1616: author of translations and a devotional work; some of hi* heraldic visitations printed between 1619 and 1623.
^ William Lennie (1779–1852), grammarian; founded bursaries at Edinburgh University; published Principles of English Grammar 1816.
^ John Lennon (1768–1842?), master-mariner: nerved in the navy during the American war; traded from St. Thomas: brought his vessel safely without convoy into the English Channel, 1812.
^ Dukes of Lennox . See STUART, ESME, first Duke 1642?-1583 ; STUART, LUDOVICK, second DUKE, 1574-1624: STUART, JAMES, fourth DUKK, 1612-1665; STUART, CHARLES, sixth DUKE, 1640-1672.
^ Duchess of Lennox (1648–1702). See Frances Teresa Stuart.
^ Earls of Lennox . See LENNOX, MALCOLM, fifth Earl 1255?–1333; STEWART, SIR JOHN, first or ninth Earl d. 1496: STEWART, MATTHEW, second or tenth Earl d. 1513 : STEWART, JOHN, third or eleventh EARL, d. 1526: STEWART, MATTHEW, fourth or twelfth EARL, 1516-1671.
^ Countess of Lennox ( 1515–1578). See Lady Margaret Douglas.
^ Charles Lennox, first Duke of Richmond (1672-1723), natural son of Charles II by Louise de Keroualle, duchess of Portsmouth: created Baron of Settrington, Yorkshire, Earl of March, and Duke of Richmond, Yorkshire, in the peerage of England, and Baron Methnen of Tarbolton, Earl of Darnley, and Duke of Lennox in the peerage of Scotland, 1675: K.G., 1681, and governor of Dumbarton Castle, 1681; master of the hone, 1682-6: aide-de-camp in Flanders, 1693-1702; lord of the bedchamber to George I, 1714; Irish privy councillor, 1715.
^ Charles Lennox, second Duke of Richmond, and Aubigny (1701-1750), only son of Charles Lennox, first duke; grandson of Charles II; captain in royal regiment of horse-guards, 1722: M.P., Chicheeter, 1722-3: succeeded to the dukedom, 1723; F.R.S., 1724: K.B., 1725; K.G., 1726; lord of the bedchamber, 1727: LL.D. Cambridge, 1728; succeeded to dukedom of Aubigny in France on the deathof his grandmother, the Duchess of Portsmouth; master of the horae, 1735; privy councillor, 1736; present at Dettingen, 1743; lieutenant-general, 1745: M.D. Cambridge, 1749; P.S.A., 1750.
^ Charles Lennox, third Duke of Richmond and Lennox ( 1735–1806), third son of Charles Lennox, second duke of Richmond, Lennox, and Aubigny; educated at Westminster School and Leyden University; graduated at Leyden, 1753; entered the army; F.R.8., 1755: colonel, 1758; distinguished himself at Miuden, 1759; succeeded to the title, 1760: lord-lieutenant of Sussex, 1763; ambassador extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary at Paris, 1765: secretary of state for the southern department, 1766-7: denounced ministerial policy with reference to the American colonies; K.G., 1782; master-general of the ordnance, with a seat in the cabinet, 1782-95: rtrongly urged appointment of committee (never formed) upon parliamentary reform, 1782; member of Pitt's cabinet, 17K3; became, in spite of former declarations, otrongly opposed to all reform, and consequently extremely unpopular: F.S.A.. 1793. His letterOn the Subject of a Parliamentary Reform demanding universal suffrage, together with annual elections, was published, 1788, and paned through a number of editions.
^ Charles Lennox , fourth Duke of Richmond and Lennox (1764-1819), eldest son of George Henry Lennox; fought a duel with the Duke of York (see Frederick Augustus, DUKE OF YORK AND ALBANY), 1789; served in the Leeward islands; M.P., 1790; colonel, 1795: lieutenant-general, 1805; succeeded to the title, IROfi: privy.-..uncillor, 1807; lord-lieutenaut of Ireland, 1807-13: general, 1814; gave a ball at Brussels, where he was residing, on the eve of Quatre Bras, 1816; present at Waterloo; governor-general of British North America, 1818; died near Richmond, Canada.
^ Charles Gordon-Lennox, fifth Duke of Richmond 1791–1860), eldest sou of Charles Lennox, fourth duke; educated at Westminster School; lieutenant, 1810; assistant military secretary to Wellington in Portugal, 1810-14: lieutenant-colonel, 1816; M.P., Winchester, 1812-19; succeeded his father, 1819; K.G., 1828: postmaster-general, 1830-4; president. Royal Agricultural Society, 1845-60.
^ Charlotte Lennox (1720–1804), miscellaneous writer; daughter of Colonel James Ramsay, lieutenantgovernor of New York, where she was boru: sent to England. 1735: married one Lennox, c. 1748; befriended and flattered by Dr. Johnson: author ofThe Female Quixote (novel), 1762; conducted The LadiesMuseum Magazine 1760-1; her comedy, The Sister acted once, 1769; published novels, poems, and translations from the French.
^ George Henry Lennox (1737–1805), general; son of Charles Lennox, second duke of Richmond; ensign, 1754; saw service abroad, 1757-63: lieutenantcolonel, 1758; colonel, 1762; brigadier, 1763; secretary of legation to the court of France, 1765; major-general, 1772; constable of the Tower of London, 1783; privy councillor, 1784; general, 1793.
^ Lord Henry Charles George Gordon-Lennox (1821–1886), son of Charles Gordon-Lennox, fifth duke of Richmond: M.P., Chichester, 18461885: a lord of the treasury, 1852 and 1858-9; secretary to the admiralty, 1866-8; first commissioner of public works, 1874-6.
^ Malcolm Lennox , fifth EARL OF LENNOX (1255?–1333), succeeded to the earldom, 1292; a supporter of Bruce; killed at battle of Halidou Hill.
^ Sir Wilbraham Gates Lennox (1830–1897), general, royal engineers; studied at Woolwich; lieutenant, royal engineers, 1854; brevet major, 1858; brevet lieutenant-colonel, 1859; first captain, 1863; major, 1872; lieutenant-colonel, 1873; major-general, 1881; lieutenantgeneral, 1888; general, 1893; served in Crimea, 1854-6; V.C. (Inkermann), 1854; took conspicuous part in second relief, 1857, and final siege of Lucknow, 1858; and in subsequent campaigns; C.B. (military), 1867; instructor in field fortification at Chatham, 1866-71; attached officially to German armies in France during FrancoGerman war, 1870-1; second in command of royal engineers at Portsmouth, 1873-6; military attache at Constantinople, 1876-8; commanded garrison of Alexandria, 1884-7; commanded troops in Ceylon, 1887-8; K.C.B., 1891: director-general of military education at war ofllce, 1893-5; published writings on military subjects.
^ Lord William Pitt Lennox (1799–1881), miscellaneous writer; sou of Charles Lennox, fourth duke of Richmond; at Westminster School, 1808-14; comet, 1813; present as spectator at Waterloo, 1815; captain, j 1822; M.P., King's Lynn, 1832-4; published novels of little merit; contributed to the annuals, Once a Week I aud the Court Journal; edited the Review newspaper, I 1858.
^ Elizabeth Anne Le Noir (1755 9-1841), poet and novelist; daughter of Christopher Smart, the poet: married Jean Baptiste le Noir de la Brosse, 1795; author of novels praised by Dr. Burney and Miss Mitford, and books of poems.
^ Andrew Benjamin Lens ( fl. 1765–1770), miniature-painter; son of Bernard Lens (1682-1740); re-engraved and published his father'sGranadier's Exercise 1744; exhibited miniatures with the Incorporated Society of Artists, 1765-70.
^ Bernard Lens (1631–1708), enamel-painter; of, Netherlandish origin; practised in London.
^ Bernard Lens (1659–1725), mezzotint-engraver and drawing-master; son of Bernard Lens (1631-1708) ; kept a drawing-school with John Sturt
^ Bernard Lens (1682–1740), miniature-painter and drawing-master; son of Bernard Lens(1659-1725): esteemed the beat miniature-painter in water-colours of his time; limner to George I and George II; taught drawing at Christ's Hospital, London, and drew and engraved plates illustrating A New and Gompleat Drawing-Book published posthumously; published etchings illustrating 1 The Grauadier's Exercise 1735.
^ John Lens (1756–1825), serjeant-at-law ; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1784; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1782: serjeant-at-law, 1799; king's Serjeant, 1806; counsel to the university of Cambridge, 1807.
^ sir John Lenthall Sir (1625–1681), son of William Lenthall, speaker of the House of Commons; educated at Corpus Cbristi College, Oxford; M.P. for Gloucester, 1645; knighted by Cromwell, 1658; governor of Windsor, 1660; high sheriff of Oxfordshire, 1672: knighted by Charles II, 1677.
^ William Lenthall (1591–1662), speaker of the House of Commons; entered St. Alban Hall, Oxford, 1607; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1616; bencher, 1633; reader, 1638; speaker of the Long parliament, 1640; behaved with discretion and dignity on the occasion of the king's attempt to arrest the five members, 1642; matter of the rolls, 1 643: one of the two commissioners of the great seal, 1646-8; chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster, 1647; abandoned his post of speaker, and left London, fearing mob violence, 1647; M.P., Oxfordshire, and speaker, 1653; speaker in the restored Long parliament, 1659; supported Monck and the Restoration.
^ Francis Lenton (fl. 1630–1640), court poet and anagrammatist; said to have studied at Lincoln's Inn; styled himself Queen's poet author of The Young Gallants Whirligigg, or Youth's Reakes 1629; Characterismi, or Lenton's Leasures 1631; The Innes of Court Anagrammatist, or the Masquers masqued in Epigrammes 1666, and other works.
^ John Lenton (. 1682–1718), musician ; gentleman of the Chapel Royal extraordinary, 1685; member of the royal band, 1692-1718; composed music for Venice Preserved 1682, songs, catches, airs, andThe Useful Instructor for the Violin (1694, 1702).
^ Leofric (Lat. LEURICUS), EARL OF MERCIA (d. 1057), witnessed charters as minister or thegn, 10051026; succeeded his father in the earldom between 1024 and 1032; ranked with Godwine and Si ward as one of the three great earls among whom the government of the kingdom was divided; his wife Godgifu the Godiva of legend.
^ Leofric (Lat. LEFRICUS) (d. 1072), first bishop of Exeter; educated in Lothariugia; chancellor to Edward the Confessor, being the first to be so designated; bishop of the united dioceses of Devonshire and Cornwall, 1046; had seat of bishopric removed from Crediton to Exeter, 1050; bestowed lands, money, and books, including the collection of poetry known as the Liber Exoniensis on the church.
^ Leofric of Bourne (fl. 1100), monk; said to have written a life of Hereward
^ Leofwine (d. 1066), son of Earl Godwine ; acted as governor of Kent, 1049; outlawed; fled to Ireland, 1051; earl of Kent, Surrey, Essex, Middlesex (except London), Hertfordshire, and probably Buckinghamshire, 1057-66; killed at Hastings.
^ Leominster first Baron (d. 1711). See William Fermor.
^ Giacomo Leoni (1686–1746), architect ; Venetian, and architect to the elector palatine; settled in England at beginning of eighteenth century; prepared plates for the English editions of Palladio'sArchitecture 1715; translated Alberti'sDe re JSdificatoria 1726; built various country seats.
^ George Duncan Albert Leopold, Duke of Albany (1853–1884), fourth and youngest son of Queen Victoria; entered Christ Church, Oxford, 1872; granted an annuity of £15,000, 1874; left Oxford with an hon. D.c.L, 1876; travelled in Europe and America; president, Royal Society of Literature, 1878; vice-president, Society of Arts, 1879; created Duke of Albany, Earl of Clarence, and Baron Arklow, 1881; married Prince* Helen Frederica Augusta, daughter of HSH. George Victor, prince of Waldeck-Pyrmont, 1882; died at Cannes: buried in St. George's Chapel, Windsor.
^ Francis Lepipre (Le Piper (d. 1698), arttat ; drew landscapes, humorous compositions, and caricatures, and etched subjects on silver plates; painted twelve small pictures of scenes in Hudibras."
^ Charles Le Quesne (1811-1856), writer on the constitutional history of Jersey; contributed articles on commercial questions relating to the Channel islands to theGuernsey Magazine 1836-8; published Ireland and the Channel Islands, or a Remedy for Ireland 1848; jurat of the Royal Court of Jersey, 1850; his Constitutional History of Jersey published, 1856.
^ John Le Romeyn (d. 1296). See Romanus.
^ Daniel Lerpiniere (1745?-1785), engraver; exhibited with the Free Society of Artists, 1773-83; engraved plates, chiefly landscapes, for Messrs. Boy dell, 1776-85.
^ Sir Stephen Lesieur (fl. 1586–1627), ambassador: a Frenchman: secretary to the French ambassador to England, 1586; naturalised, c. 1589; taken into the public service, c. 1598; sent on embassy to Denmark, 1602, to the Emperor Rudolph II, 1603 and 1612-13, to Florence, 1608 and 1609.
^ Alexander Lesley (1693–1758), Jesuit : studied at Douay and Rome; joined Jesuits, 1712; taught in the Illyrian College of Loreto, 1728; missioner in Aberdeenshire, 1729; taught in colleges of Ancona and Tivoli, 1734; again in England, 1738-44; prefect of studies in the Scots College, Rome, 1744-6; professor of moral theology in the English college, 1746-8; edited a fragment of the * Thesaurus Liturgicus entitled Missale mixtnm secundum Regulam Beati Isidori dictum Mozarabes 1755.
^ William Aloysius Lesley (1641–1704), Jesuit ; joined Jesuits, 1656; superior of the Scots College at Rome, 1674-83; D.D.; published Vita di S. Margberita, Regina di Scozia 1675; missioner in Scotland, 1694-1704.
^ Alexander Leslie , first Earl of Leven (1580?-1661), general; served in the Swedish army for thirty years: knighted by Gustavus Adolphus, 1626; compelled Wallenstein to raise the siege of Stralsund, 1628; governor of the Baltic district, 1628-30; engaged with the British contingent that aided Gustavus, 1630-2; fought at Lut.en, 1632; besieged and took Brandenburg, 1634; field-marshal, 1636; identified himself with the covenanters; directed the military preparations in Scotland, 1638; lord-general of all the Scottish forces, 1639; victorious at battle of Newburn, 1640; created Earl of Leven and Lord Balgonie, 1641; general of the Scottish army in Ireland, 1642; sent to the assistance of the English parliament, 1643: present at Marston Moor, 1644; in charge of Charles I at Newcastle, 1645-7; fought for the royalists at Dunbar, 1650; prisoner of the English parliament, 1651-4.
^ Andrew Leslie , properly fifth, but sometimes called fourth Earl of Rothes (d. 1611), eldest sou of I George, fourth earl; succeeded to peerage, 1558; stedfastly supported Mary Queen of Scots from 1566.
^ Charles Leslie (1650–1722), nonjuror and controversialist; son of John Leslie (1571-1671); M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1673: took holy orders, 1680; chancellor of Connor, 1686; refused to take the oaths at the revolution, and was deprived of his office: commenced his series of controversial pamphlets withAn Answer to a Book intituled the State of the Protestants in Ireland under the late King James's Government 1692: published attack on William III,Gallienus Redivivus, or Murtber will out fcc., 1696; attacked in various pamphlet* the whig divines, Burnet, Tillotson, Sherlock, as well as the quakers deists, and Jews, and defended the sacraments; brought out The Rehearsal in opposition to Defoe's Review 1704-9, carrying on at the same time his ecclesiastico-political pamphlet warfare: warrant issued for 1 his apprehension. 1710; escaped to St. Germaini, 1711: hut (1713) accepted a place in the household of the Pretender at Bar-lc-duc. A collective edition of bis Theological Works was published in
^ Charles Robert Leslie (1794–1859), painter : son of American parents; born in London: taken to Philadelphia, 1799: educated at Pennsylvania University: apprenticed to publishers in Philadelphia, 1808; student at the Royal Academy schools, London, 1811; exhibited at the Royal Academy between 1813 and 1839; R.A., 1826; taught drawing at the Military Academy at West Point, ca, 1899; summoned to Windsor to paint The _ receiving the Sacrament at her Coronation 1838, and * The Christening of the Princess Royal 1841; published The Memoirs of John Constable, R.A. 1845; profemor of painting at the Royal Academy, 1848-52; published his lectures asHandbook for Young Painters 1855; excelled in depicting quiet humour. His Autobiographical Recollections edited by Tom Taylor, and bis Life of Reynolds completed by the same author, were published in 1868.
^ David Leslie , first Baron Newark (d. 1682), military commander: entered service of Gustavus Adolphns; major-general in the Scottish army under Alexander Leslie, first earl of Leven, 1643; at battle of Marston Moor, 1644; defeated Montrose at Philiphaugh, 1645; commander of the army raised on behalf of Charles II in Scotland in 1651; taken prisoner after Worcester, 1651; imprisoned in the Tower till 1660; created Baron Newark, 1661.
^ Frank Leslie (1851–1880).
^ Frederick Leslie (1855–1892), actor ; his real name Frederick Hobson; appeared first in London as Colonel Hardy Paul Pry) at the Royalty, 1878, and subsequently took numerous parts in light opera, and, with Miss Ellen Farren at the Gaiety, in burlesque.
^ George Leslie, usually called third, but properly fourth, Earl of Rothes (d. 1558), sheriff of Fife, 1529-1540; a lord of session, 1541; a lord of the articles, 1544; tried for the murder of Cardinal Beaton and acquitted, 1547; ambassador to Denmark, 1550; died at Dieppe.
^ George Leslie or Lesley (d. 1637), Capuchin friar, known as Father Archangel; scholar in the Scots College, Rome, 1608; preached in Scotland, c. 1624-5; fled to France from persecution; returned to Scotland, 1631.
^ George Leslie (d. 1701), divine and poet; works include Fire and Brimstone, or the Destruction of Sodom 1675, Abraham's Faith(morality play), 1670.
^ Henry Leslie (1580–1661), bishop of Down and Connor; educated at Aberdeen; went to Ireland, 1614; ordained priest, 1617: prebendary of Connor, 1619; dean of Down, 1627; precentor of St. Patrick's Dublin, 1628; prolocutor of lower house in Irish convocation, 1634; bishop of Down and Connor, 1635; a champion of Laudian episcopacy; withdrew to England after the loss of his property in the Irish rebellion, 1643; went abroad about the time of Charles I's execution; bishop of Meath, 1661.
^ John Leslie or Lesley (1527–1596), bishop of Ross; M.A. Aberdeen: canon of Aberdeen Cathedral, 1547; studied at Paris and Poictiers, 1649-54; took holy orders, 1558; had a disputation with Knox and other reformers, 1661; employed in France about the person of Queen Mary; professor of canon law, Aberdeen, 1562; judge of session, 1565; privy councillor, 1565; bishop of Ross, 1666: chief adviser of Mary Queen of Scote in her ecclesiastical policy; appointed her ambassador to Queen Elizabeth, 1569; sent to the Tower in connection with the Ridolfi plot, 1571; set at liberty on condition of leaving England, 1573; went to Paris, 1674, and to Rome to represent Mary's interests, 1675; published there bis Latin history of Scotland, 1578; suffragan and vicar-general of the diocese of Rouen, 1579; nominated to the bishopric of Coutances by Clement VIII; died at the Augustinian monastery at Guirtenburg, near Brussels.
^ John Leslie , sixth Earl of Rothes (1600-1641), one of the leaders of the covenanting party; served heir to his grandfather, Andrew Leslie, fifth (or fourth) earl, Ml; opposed Charles I's ecclesiastical policy in Scotland: chief organiser of the movement against episcopacy, 1638; i after pacification of 1640 remained in England at the court j of Charles I; author of aShort Relation of Proceedings concerning the Affairs of Scotland from August 1637 to July 1638 first published, 1830.
^ John Leslie (1571–1671), bishop of Clogher; known as the fighting bishop; educated at Aberdeen and in France; with Buckingham at Rhé, 1627; bishop of the Scottish isles, 1628-33, of Raphoe, 1633-61; a leader in the rebellion of 1641; after the king's execution defended Raphoe against the Cromwellians, and was one of the last royalists to submit; the only Anglican bishop who remained at his post during the interregnum; bishop of Clogher, 1661; left manuscript treatise on Memory.
^ John Leslie, seventh Earl and first Duke of Rothes (1630–1681), eldest son of John Leslie, sixth earl; succeeded his father, 1641; entered the army; taken prisoner at Worcester, 1651; released, 1658; lord of session, 1661; commissioner of the exchequer, 1661; lord high treasurer, 1663; privy councillor of England, 1663; keeper of the privy seal, 1664; lord chancellor, 1667; created Duke of Rothes, 1680.
^ John Leslie, eighth Earl of Rothes (1679-1 722), eldest son of Charles (Hamilton), fifth earl of Haddington, and Margaret Leslie, elder daughter of John Leslie, duke of Rothes, who succeeded her father as Countess of Rothes, the earldom surname of Leslie passing to her son: privy seal, 1704; aided the union of 1707; Scots representative peer, 1707-22; vice-admiral of Scotland, 1714; fought against James Edward, the Old Pretender, in 1715; governor of Stirling Castle, 1716-22.
^ John Leslie, ninth Earl of Rothes (1698?-1767), eldest son of John Leslie, eighth earl; lieutenant-colonel, 1719; succeeded his father, 1722; Scots representative peer, 1723, 1727, 1747, 1754, and 1761; major-general, 1743; present at Dettingen, 1743; lieutenant-general, 1750; K.T., 1753; general, 1765; commander-in-chief of the forces in Ireland.
^ Sir John Leslie (1766–1832), mathematician and natural philosopher; educated at St. Andrews and Edinburgh universities; his paper On the Resolution of Indeterminate Problemscommunicated to the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 1788; superintended studies of the Wedgwoods, 1790-2; published, as outcome of his researches, Experimental Inquiry into the Nature and Properties of Heat 1804, a work of great scientific value; Rumford medallist, 1805; appointed professor of mathematics at Edinburgh, 1805; published Elements of Geometry, Geometrical Analysis, and Plane Trigonometry i 1809, Geometry of Curve Lines 1813, and Philosophy of Arithmetic 1817; the first to achieve artificial congelai tiou; contributed to the Edinburgh Review and the Eacyclopsedia Britannica; professor of natural philosophy, Edinburgh, 1819; publishedElements of Natural Philosophy(vol. i.), 1823; knighted, 1832.
^ Norman Leslie, Master of Rothes (d. 1554), leader of the party who assassinated Cardinal Beaton; eldest son of George Leslie, fourth earl of Rothes; sheriff of Fife, 1641; led the conspirators against Beaton, but took no personal part in the net of assassination, 1546: was carried captive to France, but escaped to England and was pensioned by Edward VI; on accession of Mary entered service of Henry II of France; mortally wounded in action near Cambray.
^ Thomas Edward Cliffe Leslie (1827?–1882), political economist; descended from Charles Leslie (16501722); educated at Trinity College, Dublin: B.A., 1847; LL.B., 1861; later hon. LL.D.; professor of jurisprudence and political economy, Queen's College, Belfast, 1863; contributed articles on economic subjects to various periodicals, most of which were reprinted in Essays on Political and Moral Philosophy 1879, and Essays in Political Philosophy 1888; wrote on laud systems and industrial economy.
^ Walter Leslie , Count Leslie (1606–1667), soldier of fortune and diplomatist; entered the imperial service and took part in war of Mantuan succession, 1630: served in Germany, 1632-46; instrumental in bringing about the assassination of Walleustein, 1634; master of the ordnance, 1646; vice-president of the council of war, warden of the Sclavonian marches, and field-marshaL1650; privy councillor, 1655; invested with order of Golden Fleece, ami ambassador extraordinary to the Ottoman j Porte, 1666; died at Vienna.
^ William Leslie (d. 1654?), principal of King's j College, Aberdeen; educated at Aberdeen; recent, 1617; sub-principal, 1623; principal, 1632: with other Aberdeen doctors refused the covenant, 1639.
^ William Leslie (1657–1727), bishop of Laybach in Styria: educated at Aberdeen; studied at Padua, 1684; converted to Roman Catholicism; professor of theology, Padua; bishop of Waltzen, Hungary, 1716, of Laybach, in Styria,1718.
^ Walter Lespec (d. 1153). See Espec.
^ Nicholas Lesse (fl. 1550), religious writer; author ofThe Apologle of the Worde of God 1547, and several translations.
^ Frederick Parkinson Lester (1795–1858), major-general, Bombay artillery: educated at Addiscombe; lieutenant, 1815; captain, 1818; lieutenantcolonel, 1840: major-general, 1854; commander of the southern division of the Bombay army, 1857-8; instrumental in preventing the mutiny from extending to Western India, 1857-8.
^ Richard Lestock (1679?–1746), admiral : served with Sir Clowdisley Shovell, 1704-5; with Sir George Byng, 1717-18; took part in the operations against Cartagena, 1741; vice-admiral, 1743; court-martialled and acquitted (1746) for refusal to obey his superior, Mathews in the action (1744) off Toulon, and admiral of the blue, 1746.
^ Hamon L'Estrange (1605-1660), theologian and historian; brother of Sir Nicholas L'Estrange, first baronet, and of Sir Roger L'Estrange; published theological works, 1641-69.
^ Hamon L'Estrange (1674-1767), grandson of Hamon L'Estrange (1605- 1660); on the commission of the peace for sixty-five years; published legal and religious works.
'^ Henry L'Estrange Styleman Le Strange (1815-1862), art amateur and decorative painter; educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford; B.A., 1837; employed in designing and carrying out the decoration of Ely Cathedral, 1863-62.
^ John Le Strange (d. 1269), lord marcher; served under King John in Poitou, 1214; defended the Welsh border as a lord marcher.
^ John L'Estrange (1836-1 877), Norfolk antiquary; clerk in the stamp office at Norwich; made large collections for the history of the county of Norfolk, and the city of Norwich; published The Church Bells of Norfolk 1874.
^ Sir Nicholas Le Strange (1515-1580), steward of the manors of the Duchess of Richmond, 1547-80; son of Sir Thomas Le Strange; knighted, 1547: M.P., Norfolk, 1547, King's Lynn, 1555, Castle Rising, 1571.
'^ Sir Nicholas L'Estrange, first baronet (d. 1655), collector of anecdotes; brother of Hamon L'Estrange (1605-1660): created baronet, 1629; compiled Merry Passages and Jests some of which were printed in 1839.
^ Sir Roger L'Estrange (1616-1704), tory journalist and pamphleteer; probably studied at Cambridge; formed a plan to recapture Lynn; seized by the parliament and imprisoned, 1644-8; projected a royalist rising in Kent; had to flee to Holland; employed while abroad by Hyde in service of Charles II; returned to England, 1653; published broadsides attacking Lambert and the leaders of the army, 1659; wrote pamphlets in favour of monarchy, 1660, and to show that the presbyterians were responsible for the wars and the king's death, 1661-2; advocated a more stringent censorship of the press, 1663; appointed surveyor of printing presses and a licenser of the press, 1663; Issued the Intelligencer and 'The News 1663-6; encouraged, perhaps projected, The City Mercury, or Advertisements concerning trade 1675; published pamphlets to meet Shaftesbury's attack on : I and his government, 1679; adversely criticised the * vi.lcncc for a nuppoeal popish plot, 1680; J.P. for Middlesex, 1680; bad to flee the country owing to the hostility of the promoters of the alleged popinh plot: returned to England, 1681; attacked dissenter* and whig* in his periodicalThe Obeervator 1881-7; M.I, Winchester, 1685; knighted, 1685: deprived of bis office of surveyor and licenser of the press at imprisoned in 1688, 1691, and 16 pblets and periodicals, he The Fables of j&ap and other eminent Mytbologist*, wi_ Moral Reflections 1692 (the most extensive collection of fables in existence), and The Works of Flavius Josepbus compared with the Original Greek,* 1702, also translating 'Quevedo'a Visions 1687.
^ Sir Thomas Le Strange (1494-1545), of Hunstanton, Norfolk: attended Henry VIII to the Field of the Cloth of Gold, 1520; knighted, 1629; high sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk, 1532.
^ Hubert Le Sueur (1595?-1660?), sculptor: born probably in Paris; came to England, 1628; received commission for an equestrian statue of Charles 1, 1830, which was not set up at Charing Cross until 1674.
^ Thomas Letchworth (1739–1784 X quaker; began preaching, 1758; published verse, 1765 The Monthly Ledger, or Literary Repository an unsectarian periodical, 1766-9; his Life and Writings of John Woolman, published, 1775, and a posthumous volume of his sermons, 1787.
^ Joseph Watts Lethbridge (1817–1885), dissenting divine; entered Lady Huntingdon's connexion, 1846; migrated to the Independents; published moral and religious works.
^ Walter Stephens Lethbridge (1772–1831?X miniature-painter; studied at the Royal Academy schools; exhibited miniatures at the Academy, 1801-29.
^ Henry Letheby (1816–1876), analytical chemist : M.B. London, 1842; lecturer on chemistry at the London Hospital; for some years medical officer of health and analyst of foods for the city of London; chief work, Food, its Varieties, Chemical Composition, etc. 1870.
^ Joseph Letherland (1699–1764), physician; M.D. Leyden, 1724; M.D. Cambridge, by royal mandate. 1736; physician to St. Thomas's Hospital, 1736-5K; F.R.C.P., 1737; physician to George Ill's queen, 1761: credited with being the first to draw attention in 1739 to the disease of diphtheria.
^ Smart Lethieullier (1701–1760), antiquary: M.A. Trinity College, Oxford, 1723; formed collections and drawings of antiquities and English fossils: F.H.S. and F.S.A.
^ Lord Lethington (1496–1586). See Sir Richard Maitland.
^ Lethlobor (d. 871), Irish king ; defeated the Danes, 826; repulsed an invasion made by greater Ulster, 853: became king of all lesser Ulster or Ulidia.
^ John Lettice (1737–1832), poet and divine; of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge; M.A., 1764: Seatonian prizeman, 1764; chaplain and secretary to British embassy at Copenhagen, 1768-72; publishedLetters on a Tour through various parts of Scotland In 1792 1794, and translations from the Italian and Latin.
^ John Lettou (fl. 1480), printer : the first to set up a printing press in the city of London.
^ Thomas Letts (1803–1873) inventor of Letts's Diaries; bookbinder from 1835, devoting himself to the manufacture of diaries; sold several hundred thousands annually. The diary business was purchased by Messrs. Cassell & Co. in 1885.
^ John Coakley Lettsom (1744–1815), physician; born in West Indies; brought to England, 1750; studied at St. Thomas's Hospital, London; returned to the West Indies, 1767; practised at Tortola; studied at Edinburgh (1768) and at Leyden (1769): commenced practice in London, 1770; L.R.C.P., 1770; F.S.A., 1770; F.R.S., 1771; a successful quaker physician and philanthropist; author of biographical, and philanthropic works.
^ William Nanson Lettsom (1796–1866), man of letters; grandson of John Coakley Lettsom; educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1829; published The Fall of the Nebellingers 1850; edited William Sidney Walker's Shakespeare's Versification (1864), and his Critical Examination of the Text of Shakespeare (1860); aided Alexander Dyce in the preparation of his edition of Shakespeare,
^ Earls of Leven . See LESLIE, ALEXANDER, first Earl, 1680?-1661; MELVILLE, DAVID, third EARL, 1660
^ Peter Levens (ft. 1687), scholar and medical writer: educated probably at Magdalen College, Oxford; B.A., 1666: fellow, 1669; author of Manipulus Vocabulorum. A Dictionarie of English and Latine Wordes 1670, valuable as evidence of contemporary pronunciation.
^ Robert Levens (1616–1660). See Levinz.
^ Sir Ashton Lever (1729–1788), collector of the Leverian Museum: educated at Corpus Christi College, Oxford: first collected live birds, then shells, fossils, stuffed birds, all kinds of natural objects, savage costumes and weapons; removed his museum to London, 1774; knighted, 1778; disposed of his museum by lottery in 1788.
^ Charles James Lever (1806–1872), novelist; nephew of Sir Ashton Lever; entered Trinity College, Dublin, 1822; graduated, 1827; travelled in Holland and Germany, 1828, in Canada, 1829; studied medicine at Dublin: M.B. Trinity College, Dublin, 1831; first instalment of Harry Lorrequer produced in Dublin University Magazine 1837: practised medicine in Brussels, 1840-42; published Charles O'Malley first in Dublin University Magazine 1840, and Jack Hinton the Guardsman 1843; returned to Dublin and edited the Dublin University Magazine 1842-6; contributed to that magazine Tom Burke of Ours and Arthur O'Leary 1844; published The O'Donoghue 1845, and the Knight of Gwynne 1847; settled at Florence and produced there Roland Cashel 1850, and The Dodd Family Abroad 1853-4; British consul at Spezzia, 1857; consul at Trieste, 1867-72; his last novel, Lord Kilgobbin 1872 (first issued in cornhill Magazine); died at Trieste: collected edition of his works was issued, 1876-8.
^ Christopher Lever (fl. 1627), protestant writer and poet; of Christ's College, Cambridge: published religious poems and prose works, 1607-27.
^ Darcy Lever (1760?–1837), writer on seamanship; nephew of Sir Ashton Lever; published The Young Sea Officer's Sheet Anchor, or a Key to the Lending of Rigging and to Practical Seamanship 1808, for forty years the navy text-book.
^ Ralph Lever or Leaver (d. 1585), master of Sherburn Hospital, Durham; brother of Thomas Lever; of St. John's College, Cambridge; fellow, 1549; M.A., 1551; incorporated M.A. Oxford, 1560; archdeacon of Northumberland, 1566-73; canon of Durham 1567; master of Sherburn Hospital, 1577: D.D. Cambridge, 1578; his work on chess published without his consent 1563; published The Arte of Reason 1573, one of the rarest of early English treatises on logic.
^ Thomas Lever or Leaver (1521–1577), puritan divine: brother of Ralph Lever; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1545; fellow and college preacher 1548: a leader of the extreme protestant reformers at Cambridge; preached at court before Edward VI, 1550 master of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1551; B.D., 1552: at Mary's accession fled to Zurich, 1553; a hearer of Calvin at Geneva, 155 1; minister of the English congregation at Aarau, 1556-9; returned to England, 1559; master of Sberburn Hospital, Durham, 1563; canon of Durham, 1564-7; published sermons and a religious treatise.
^ Richard Leveridge (1670?–1758) vocalist, song-writer, and xmi power: sang at Drury Lane Theatre, S-8, at the Haymarket, London, 1708-13, at Lincoln's Inn Iii-Ms, 1715-32, at Covent Garden, 1732-51 said to &E? S 01 ?? 01 the ma " lc to Mllcbctu for the revival of ; his best-known songs 'All in the Downs' and 'The Roast Beef of Old England'.
^ Thomas Leverton (1713–1824), architect: employed in tlio erection of dwelling-houses in London and j the country; exhibited designs at the Royal Academy, 1771-1803.
^ Sir Richard Leveson (1570–1605), vice-admiral of England; volunteer against the Armada, 1588; had command in expedition against Cadiz, 1596; knighted, 1596; destroyed the Spanish fleet off Ireland, 1601; vice-admiral of England, 1604; marshal of the embassy to Spain to conclude the peace, 1605.
^ Lord Francis Leveson-Gower (1800-1857). See Francis Egerton, 1st Earl of Ellesmere.
'^ George Granville Leveson-Gower, first Duke of Sutherland (1758–1833), educated at Westi minster and Christ Church, Oxford: M.P., Newcastle: under-Lyme, 1778 and 1780; travelled in Europe, 1780-6; I M.P., Staffordshire, 1787-98; ambassador to Paris, 1790-2; summoned as Baron Gower of Stittenham, Yorkshire, the original barony of his family, 1798; joint postmaster! general, 1799-1810; K.G., 1806; became possessed of the 1 greater part of Sutherlandshire through his wife, Countess of Sutherland in her own right, 1785; inherited the Bridgewater estates from his uncle, the last Duke of Bridgewater, and by the death of his father, Marquis of Stafford, the estates of Stittenham (Yorkshire), ! Trentham (Staffordshire), Wolverhampton and Lilleshall i (Shropshire), 1803; made 450 miles of roads and built 134 bridges in Sutherlandshire between 1812 and 1832; purchased Stafford House, London, 1827; created Duke of Sutherland, 1833.
^ George Granville William Sutherland Leveson-Gower, third Duke of Sutherland (1828-1892), succeeded to the dukedom, 1861; M.P., Sutherlandshire, 1852-61: improved his highland estates; attended coronation of Czar Alexander II as member of the special mission, 1856; K.G., 1864; present at the opening of the Suez Canal, 1869; accompanied Edward VII, when Prince of Wales, to India, 1876.
^ Granville Leveson-Gower, first Marquis of Stafford (1721–1803), son of John Leveson-Gower, first earl Gower; educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford; M.P., Bishop's Castle, 1744, Westminster, 1747 and 1749; lord of the admiralty, 1749-51; M.P., Lichfield, 1754; succeeded to the Upper House, 1754; lord privy seal, 1755-7 and 1785-94; master of the horse, 1757-60; keeper of the great wardrobe, 1760-3; lord chamberlain of the household, 1763-6; president of the council, 1767-79 and 1783-4; K.G., 1771; F.S.A., 1784; created marquis of the county of Stafford, 1786.
'^ Granville Leveson-Gower, first Earl Granville (1773–1846), diplomatist: youngest son of Granville Leveson-Gower, first marquis of Stafford; entered Christ Church, Oxford, 1789; M.P., Lichfield, 1795-9; D.C.L., 1799; M.P., Staffordshire, 1799-1815; a lord of the treasury, 1800; privy councillor, 1804; ambassador extraordinary at St. Petersburg, 1804-5; created Viscount Granville, 1815; minister at Brussels; ambassador at Paris, 1824-41; created Earl Granville and Baron Leveson of Stone, 1833.
^ Granville George Leveson-Gower, second Earl Granville (1815–1891), statesman : eldest son of Lord Granville Leveson-Gower, first earl Granville; of Eton and Christ Church, Oxford: attache at the British embassy, Paris, 1835; Whig M.P., Morpeth, 1836 and 1837; B.A., 1839; under-secretary of state for foreign affairs, 1840-1; M.P., Lichfleld, 1841; succeeded to peerage, 1846; vice-president of board of trade in Lord John Russell's ministry, 1848; paymaster of the forces, 1848; minister for foreign affairs, 1851-2 (under Lord John Russell), 1870-4, and 1880-5 (under William Evvart Gladstone); president of the council, 1852-4; chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster, 1854; leader of the House of Lords, when the liberals were in office, from 1855; chancellor of the university of London, 1856-91; K.G., 1857; president of the council, 1859; lord warden of the Cinque ports and hon. D.C.L., Oxford, 1865; secretary of state for the colonies, 1868-70 and 1886.
^ Harriet Elizabeth Georgiana Leveson-Gower, Duchess of Sutherland (1806–1868), daughter of George Howard, sixth earl of Carlisle; married ( 1823) George Granville Leveson-Gower, earl Gower, who succeeded his father as second Duke of Sutherland in 1833; mistress of the robes under liberal administrations 1837-41, 184C-52, 1853-8, and 185'J-Gl; a great friend of Queen Victoria.
^ John Leveson-Gower, first Baron Gower (1675-1709); M.P., Newcastle-under-Lyne, Staffordshire, 1691-1703; created Baron Gower of Stittenham, 1703; privy councillor, 1703; chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster, 1703-6.
^ John Leveson-Gower, first Earl Gower (d. 1754), eldest son of John Leveson-Gower, first baron Gower; D.C.L. Oxford, 1732; one of the lords justices of the kingdom, 1740, 1743, 1745, 1748, 1750, ami 1752; lord privy seal, 1742-3 and 1744; created Viscount Trentham and Earl Gower, 1740.
'^ John Leveson-Gower (1740-1792), rear-admiral; son of John Leveson-Gower, first earl Gower; captain in the navy, 1760; commanded in Mediterranean, ob coast of Guinea, in West Indies, and on the home and Newfoundland stations between 1760 and 1777; took part in action off Ushant, 1778; a junior lord of the admiralty, 1783-90; rear-admiral, 1787.
^ Henry Levett (1668–1725), physician ; educated at Charterhouse and Magdalen College, Oxford; fellow of Exeter College, Oxford, 1688; M.A., 1694; M.D., 1699; F.R.C.P., 1708; physician to the Charterhouse, 1713-25; author of a letter in Latin on the treatment of small-pox, printed in the works of Dr. John Freiud, 1733.
^ Robert Levett or Levet (1701?–1782), 'that odd old surgeon whom Johnson kept in his house to tend the out-pensioners': made Johnson's acquaintance, c. 1746; became a regular inmate of Johnson's house, 1763; had some practice as a surgeon in London.
^ David Levi (1740–1799), Jewish controversialist ; published A Succinct Account of the Rites and Ceremonies of the Jews... and the Opinion of Dr. Humphrey Prideaux... refuted 1783; published Lingua Sacra a Hebrew grammar, in weekly parts, 1785-7; replied (1787 and 1789) to Joseph Priestley's Letters to the Jews; replied to a fresh antagonist in Letters to Nathaniel Brassey Halhed, M.P. 1795; his Defence of the Old Testament in a Series of Letters addressed to Thomas Paine first published in New York, 1797. He also published the Pentateuch in Hebrew and English, and an English translation of the prayers used by the London congregations of Jews (1789-93), and Dissertations of the Prophecies of the Old Testament 3 vols., published, 1793-1800.
^ Leone Levi (1821–1888). jurist and statistician ; born in Ancona; settled at Liverpool as a merchant and was naturalised; published pamphlets advocating the establishment in commercial centres of general representative chambers of commerce, 1849-50; hon. secretary, Liverpool chamber of commerce; published his great work on commercial law, 1850-2; appointed to the newly created chair of commerce at King's College, London, 1852; F.S.A. and published his lectures asManual of the Mercantile Law of Great Britain and Ireland 1854; his chief work on statistics, a periodical summary of parliamentary papers, published in eighteen volumes, 1856-68: bis History of British Commerce and of the Economic Progress of the British Nation, 1763-1870 published, 1872; vice-president of the Statistical Society, 1885.
^ Abbé de Lévignac (1769–1833). See Nicholas Tuite MacCarthy.
^ Sir Richard Levinge, first baronet (d. 1724), Irish judge; barrister, Inner Temple, 1678; recorder of Chester, 1686; M.P., Chester, 1690-2; solicitor-general for Ireland, 1690-4 and 1704-11; knighted, 1692; M.P. for Blessingtou in Irish House of Commons and speaker of the house, 1692-6: M.P. for Longford, 1695-1700 and 1703; created baronet, 1704; M.P., Derby, 1710: attorney-gene ral for Ireland, 1711; M.P., Kilkenny, 1713; lord chief justice of Irish common pleas, 1720-4; his correspondence on Various Points of State and Domestic Policy privately printed, 1877.
^ Sir Richard George Augustus Levinge , .seventh baronet (1811-184), soldier and writer; entered the army, 1828; lieutenant, 1834; served in the Canadian rebellion of 1837-8; lieutenant-colonel in the militia, 11846; succeeded to baronetcy, 1848; high sheriff for ath, 1851; M.I for ro. Vi-stin.-.ith, 1857 and SS'J; author ofEchoes from tin: I.a. k.v.iods 1846, Historical Notices of the Levinge Family 1853,Historical Records of the Forty-third Regiment, hire Light Infantry 1868, and other works.
^ Baptist Levinz (1644–1693), bishop of Sodor and Man; brother of Sir Creswell Levin*; educated at Magdak-u Hall and College, Oxford; M.A., 1666; Whyte's professor of moral philobophy, Oxford, 1677-82; bishop of Sodor and Man, 1685: prebendary of Winchester, 1691; contributed to 'Epicaedia Universitatis Oxoniensis iu obitum Georgii Ducis Albemarliae 1670.
^ Sir Creswell Levinz (1627–1701), judge; brother of Baptist Levinz; of Trinity College, Cambridge; barrister, Gray's Inn, 1661; knighted, 1678; king's counsel, 1678; attorney-general, 1679; sat on the bench of common pleas, 1680-6; one of the counsel for the seven bishops, 1688. From manuscripts left by him was published in 1722 The Reports of Sir Creswell Levinz, Knight
^ Robert Levinz, Levens, or Levinge (1615–1650), royalist; uncle of Sir Creswell Levinz, Baptist Leviuz, and William Levin,; educated at Lincoln College, Oxford; B.A., 1634; D.C.L., 1642; fought for Charles I; employed by Charles II to raise troops in England, 1650; arrested, condemned by court-martial, and hanged.
^ William Levinz (1625–1698), president of St. John's College, Oxford; brother of Sir Creswell Levinz ; educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool, London, and St. John's College, Oxford, 1645; M.A., 1649; regius professor of Greek, 1665-98; president of his college, 1673; sub-dean of Wells, 1678; canon, 1682.
^ Jean Pons Victor Lecoutz de Levizac (d. 1813), writer on the French language; born in Languedoc; canon in the cathedral of Vabres, and probably vicargeneral of the diocese of St. Omer; at the revolution fled to London, where he taught French and published books on the French language, 1797-1808.
^ Amy Levy (1861–1889), poetess and novelist; educated at Newuham College, Cambridge; her Xantippc and other Poems published, 1881, A Minor Poet and other Verse 1884, A London Plane Tree and other Poems and Reuben Sachs, a novel, 1889; committed suicide.
^ Joseph Moses Levy (1812–1888), founder of the Daily Telegraph; purchased a printing establishment: took over theDaily Telegraph and Courier and issued it as the Daily Telegraph the first London daily penny paper, 1855.
^ Charles Lee Lewes (1740–1803), actor; his first recorded appearance at Covent Garden, 1763; played ng Marlow in first performance ofShe Stoops to uer 1773; at Coveut Garden as leading comedian till 1783; at Drury Lane, 1783-5; at Edinburgh, 1787; played in Dublin in low comedy, 1792-3; published theatrical compilations.
^ George Henry Lewes (1817–1878), miscellaneous writer; grandson of Charles Lee Lewes; tried various employments, among them that of actor; contributed to the quarterlies (1840-9) and wrote a play and two novels; published Biographical History of Philosophy 1845-6; co-operated with Thornton Leigh Hunt in the 4 Leader,* 1850; made the acquaintance of Miss Evans, 1851, and went to Germany with her in 1854, and for the rest of his life lived with her as her husband; hisLife of Goethe the standard English work on the subject, published, 1866; studied physiology, and published Seaside Studies 1858, Physiology of Common Life 1859, Studies in Animal Life 1862, andAristotle the first instalment of a projected history of science, 1864; edited Fortnightly Review 1865-6; his Problems of Life and Mind published at intervals, 1873-9: his criticisms on the drama contributed to the Pall Mall Gazette published, 1875.
^ John Lewgar (1602–1665), Roman catholic controversialist; M.A. Trinity College, Oxford, 162; published controversial works. 3D2
^ Edward Lewicke (ft. 1662), poet: author of The most wonderfull and pleaaaunt History of Titus and Gisippra 1562, a rhymed paraphrase of Sir Thomas Eliot's prose version of a tale of Boccaccio.
^ John William Lewin (ft. 1805), naturalist; brother of William Lcwin (d. 1795); settled in Paramatta, New South Wales; published The Birds of New Holland 1808-22, andProdromus (tic) Entomology 1806, a history of the lepldoptera of New South
^ Sir Justinian Lewin (1613–1673), master in chancery: grandson of William Lewin (d. 1698); of Pembroke College, Oxford; D.C.L., 1637; official to the archdeacon of Norfolk, 1631; judge marshal of the army In the Scottish expedition, 1639; a master in chancery, 1641; promoted Charles II's interest in Norfolk: knighted, 1661.
^ Thomas Lewin (1806–1877), miscellaneous writer ; educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool and Worcester and Trinity Colleges, Oxford; M.A 1831: conveyancing counsel to the court of chancery, 1862-77; F.S.A., 1863; chief works, Practical Treatise on the Law of Trusts and Trustees 1837, an authoritative text-book, The Life and Epistles of St. Paul 1861, and archaeological pamphlet*.
^ William Lewin (d. 1598), civilian; of Christ's College, Cambridge; M.A., 1565; public orator. 1570-1; LL.D., 1576; judge of the prerogative court of Canterbury, 1576-98; chancellor of the diocese of Rochester and commissary of the faculties; M.P., Rochester, 1686, 1689, and 1693; a master of chancery, 1593; friend of Gabriel Harvey; author of the Latin epistle to the Jesuits before Harvey's Ciceronianus 1577.
^ William Lewin (d. 1796), naturalist; F.L.S., 1791; published an unscientific book,The Birds of Great Britain accurately figured 7 vols., 1789-96, of which he executed the drawings; and published vol. i. ofThe Insects of Great Britain systematically arranged, accurately engraved, and painted from Nature 1795.
^ Edward John Lewins or Lewens (1756–1828) United Irishman; educated in France: envoy of the Society of United Irishmen at Hamburg, 1797; confidential agent at Paris: banished from Ireland by act of parliament at the union; inspector of studies at the university of Paris; exercised great influence in France during reign of Charles X.
^ Lewis of Caerleon (16th cent.) See Caerleon.
^ Glyn Cothi Lewis (1450–1486), Welsh bard also sometimes called LEWIS Y GLYN or LLYWELYN GLYN COTHI: took the Lancastrian side in the wars of the roses. His poems, about 160 of which were published for the Cymmrodorion Society (1837), valuable as illustrating the part played by the Welsh in the Wars of the Roses.
'^ Andrew Lewis (1720?-1781), soldier volunteer in the Ohio expedition, 1754: major in Washington's Virginia regiment. 1765: commanded Sandy Creek expedition, 1,66: taken prisoner at Fort Duquesne, 1758 brlgadier-ipneral, 1774: delegate to the Virginia convention*, 1776; took popular side in the war of independence, and was brigadier-general of the continental army, 17761*77; died in Virginia.
^ Charles Lewis (1753–1795), painter of still life; exhibited at the Society o *ff&$ Sg%,
^ Charles Lewis (1786-1836), bookbinder; brother of Frederick Christian Lewis (1779-1866) q v and of : employed by Beckford on the Fonthill library.
^ Charles George Lewis (1808–1880), engraver.
^ Charles James Lewis (1830–1892), painter ; his iS 1 ln, ter - Iour Painted 8ma11 domestic sub men ber of the Royal Institute of In Water-colour*, 1882.
^ David Lewis or Lewes (1520?–1584), civilian ; educated at All Souls College, Oxford; B.C.L., 1540: fellow, 1641; principal of New Inn Hall, Oxford, 1545-8; D.C.L. and admitted at Doctors Commons, 1548; a master in chancery, 1553; M.P., Steyning, 1553; M.P., Monmouthshire, 1554-5; judge of the high court of admiralty, 1558-75; first principal of Jesus College, Oxford, 1671-2; joint commissioner of the admiralty, 1575.
^ David Lewis (1617-1679), Jesuit. See Charles Baker.
^ David Lewis (1683?-1760), poet; probably educated at Westminster and Jesus College, Oxford: B.A., 1702; published Miscellaneous Poems by Several Hands 1726,Philip of Macedon(tragedy), 1727, acted three times, and Collection of Miscellany Poems 1730.
^ Edward Lewis (1701–1784), miscellaneous writer ; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1726; held several livings and wrote and preached against Roman Catholicism.
^ Erasmus Lewis (1670–1754), the friend of Swift and Pope; educated at Westminster and Trinity College, Cambridge; B.A., 1693: wrote news-letters from Berlin, 1698; secretary to the English ambassador at Paris, 1701, to Robert Harley, 1704, and secretary at Brussels, 1708; came to London, 1710; M.P., Lostwithiel, Cornwall, 1713; intimate with Prior, Arbuthnot, Pope, Gay, and Swift
^ Evan Lewis (1828–1869), independent minister ; B.A. London; served various independent chapels; F.R.G.S.; fellow of the Ethnological Society; published religious works.
^ Frederick Christian Lewis (1779–1856), engraver and landscape-painter: brother of Charles Lewis (1786-1836); studied under J. 0. Stadler and in the schools of the Royal Academy; aquatinted most of Girtin's etchings of Paris, 1803; made transcripts of drawings by the great masters for Ottley'sItalian School of Design 1808-12; executed plates for Chamberlaine'sOriginal Designs of the most celebrated Masters in the Royal Collection 1812; engraved Sir Thomas Lawrence's crayon portraits; engraver of drawings to Princess Charlotte, Prince Leopold, George IV, William IV, and Queen Victoria: painted landscapes, chiefly of Devonshire scenery; published several volumes of plates illustrating the Devonshire rivers between 1821 and 1843, and also etchings of theScenery of the Rivers of England and Wales 1845-7.
^ Frederick Christian Lewis (1813–1875),. painter; son of Frederick Christian Lewis (1779-1856) ; studied under Sir Thomas Lawrence; went to India, 1834, and painted pictures of durbars for native princes, engraved by his father, and published in England; died at Genoa.
^ George Lewis (1763–1822), dissenting divine; issued a manual of divinity in Welsh which became very popular, 1796, and a valuable Welsh commentary on the 1 New Testament, 1802; head of Abergavenny Theological College, 1812-22.
^ Sir George Cornewall Lewis, second baronet (1806-1863), statesman and author; son of Sir Thomas Frankland Lewis; of Eton and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1831; assistant-commissioner to inquire into the condition of the poorer classes in Ireland, 1833, and into the state of religious and other instruction, 1834; joint-commissioner to inquire into the affairs of Malta, 1836-8; a poor-law commissioner for England and Wales, 1839-47; liberal M.P., Herefordshire, 1847; secretary to board of control, 1847; under-secretary for the home department, 1848; financial secretary to the treasury, 1860-2; editor of theEdinburgh Review to which he contributed eighteen articles, 1852-5; succeeded to baronetcy, 1855; M.P. for Radnor boroughs, 1855-63; published Enquiry into the Credibility of the Early Roman History 1855; chancellor of the exchequer, 1856-1858; home secretary, 1859-61; secretary for war, 1861-3: published, among other works on politics,A Treatise on the Methods of Observation and Reasoning in Polities (1852).
^ George Robert Lewis (1782–1871), painter of landscapes and portraits; brother of Charles Lewis (17861836); studied at the Royal Academy schools; exhibited landscapes, 1805-7; accompanied Thomas Frognall Dibdin as draughtsman on his continental journey, and illustrated Dibdin's Bibliographical and Picturesque Tour through France and Germany* (published, 1821); etchedGroups illustrating the Physiognomy, Manners, and Character of the People of France and Germany 1823: exhibited portraits and landscapes and flgure-subjecte, 1820-59.
^ Griffith George Lewis (1784–1859), lieutenant-general; colonel-commandant, royal engineers; educated at Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; lieutenant, 1803; fought at Maida, 1806; captain, 1807; served in Spanish campaign under Wellington, 1813; served in Newfoundland, 1819-27; lieutenant-colonel, 1825: commanded royal engineers at Jersey, 1830-6; at the Oape of Good Hope, 1836-42; in Ireland, 1842-7; at Portsmouth, 1847-51: joint-editor of the Professional Papers of the Corps of Royal Engineers and of theCorps Papers 1847-64; governor of the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, 1851-6; lieutenant-general, 1858.
^ Hubert Lewis (1825–1884), jurist ; educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge; B.A., 1848; barrister, Middle Temple, 1854; publishedPrinciples of Conveyancing," 1863,Principles of Equity Drafting 1865; his Ancient Laws of Wales published, 1889.
^ James Henry Lewis (1786–1853), stenographer ; taught and lectured on writing and stenography in the principal towns of the United Kingdom; his system of shorthand,The Art of Writing with the Velocity of Speech issued anonymously, 1814; his Historical Account of the Rise and Progress of Shorthand 1816, still the best history of the subject.
^ John Lewis (1675–1747), author; educated at Exeter College, Oxford; B.A., 1697; ordained, 1698; vicar of Minster, Kent, 1709-47; M.A., 1712; master of Eastbridge Hospital, Canterbury, 1717; chiefly known by his biographies of Wycliffe (1720 and 1723), Caxton (1737), Pecock (1744), and Bishop Fisher (first printed, 1855); published valuable topographical works dealing mainly with Kent; made important contributions to religious history and bibliography.
^ John Delaware Lewis (1828–1884), miscellaneous writer; born in St. Petersburg; educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge; published Sketches of Cantabs 1849; M.A., 1853; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1858; M.P., Devonport, 1868-74; wrote miscellaneous works in French and English.
^ John Frederick Lewis (1805–1876), painter of Italian, Spanish, and Oriental subjects: son of Frederick Christian Lewis (1779-1856): painted and exhibited animal subjects, 1820-32; member of the Water-colour Society, 1829; visited Spain, 1832-4; painted Spanish subjects until about 1841; travelled in the East, 1839-51: painted oriental subjects, 1850-76, based on sketches made during his travels; R.A., 1865.
^ Joyce Lewis or Jocasta (f. 1557), martyr; daughter of Thomas Curzon of Croxall, Staffordshire; married, first, Sir George Appleby, and, secondly, Thomas Lewis; became a protestaut, was imprisoned, 1556, and burned.
^ Leopold David Lewis (1828–1890), dramatist ; dramatisedThe Bellsfrom Erckmann-Chatrian'sLe Juif Polonais produced 1871; author of The Wandering Jew 1873, Give a Dog a bad Name 1876, and The Foundlings 1881; conductedThe Mask 1868, and published 4 A Peal of Merry Bells (tales), 1880.
^ Lady Maria Theresa Lewis (1803–1865), biographer; granddaughter of Thomas Villiers, first earl of Clarendon, and sister of George William Frederick Villiers, fourth earl of Clarendon; married, first, Thomas Henry Lister, 1830, and, secondly, Sir George Cornewall Lewis, 1844; published The Lives of the Friends and Contemporaries of Lord Chancellor Clarendon 1852; edited Extracts of the Journals of Miss Berry 1865.
^ Mark Lewis (fl. 1678), financial and miscellaneous writer; invented a new method of teaching (patented), and published works expounding it between 1670 ? an.l 1.575?: proposed quack schemes of financial reforms in pamphlet*, issued, 1676-8.
^ Matthew Gregory Lewis (1775–1818), author of The Monk; of Westminster and Christ Oxford: attache to the British embaasy at the Hague, 1794; published The Monk 1795, and immediately became famous; M.P., Hindoo, 1796-1802; brought out theCastle Spectreat Drury Lane, 1798; made Walter Scott's acquaintance (1798), and procured the publication of his translation of Goetz von Berlichlngen," 17W; visited his West Indian property in order to arrange for the proper treatment of the slaves, 1815-16 and 1817-18; died at sea on his way home. His writings are memorable on account of their influence on Scott's early poetical efforts: some of his numerous dramas and tales were translated from the German. HisJournal of a West Indian Proprietor 1834, is interesting as showing the condition of the negroes in Jamaica at the time.
^ Moroaxwo Lewis , Le, of Glamorganshire (Jl. 1500-1540), Welsh bard; author of a poem on St. Iltutu* , entitledCowydd 8t nityd printed with an English translation in the lolo M83.
^ Owen Lewis , also known as Lewis Owen (1532-1594), bishop of Cassano; of Winchester and New College, Oxford; B.C.L., 1559; went to Douay University, 1561; appointed regius professor of law at Douay; canon of Cambray Cathedral and archdeacon of Hainault; bishop of Cassano, 1588; died at Rome.
^ Samuel Lewis , the younger (d. 1862), topographer; son of Samuel Lewis the elder; author ofIslington as it was and as it is 1854, and other works.
^ Samuel Lewis , the elder (d, 1865), publisher ; his best-known publications, topographical dictionaries, edited by Joseph Haydn, and atlases, 1831-42.
^ Samuel Savage Lewis (1836–1891), librarian of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge; grandson of George Lewis; educated at the City of London School and St. John's College, Cambridge: studied farming in Canada, 1857-60; migrated to Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 1865, and fellow, 1869; librarian of Corpus Christi College, 1870-91; M.A., 1872; P.S.A., 1872; ordained, 1872; a diligent antiquary; bequeathed his collections of coins, gems, and vases to his college.
^ Stuart Lewis (1756?–1818), Scottish poet; roamed over Scotland as the mendicant bard; produced his poem, Fair Helen of Kirkconnell 1796, with an interesting preface on the history of the ballad on the same theme; O'er the Muir the most noteworthy of his lyrics.
^ Thomas Lewis (1689–1749?), controversialist: of Corpus Christi College, Oxford; B.A., 1711; ordained, 1713; forced to hide on account of the libellous nature of his periodical publication, The Scourge, in Vindication of the Church of England 1717; continued to issue controversial writings, 1719-35.
^ Sir Thomas Frankland Lewis , first baronet (1780-1855), politician; grandson of Sir Thomas Frankland; of Eton and Christ Church, Oxford; lieutenant-colonel of the Radnorshire militia, 1806-16; M.P., Beaumaris, 1812-26, Enuis, 1826-8; Radnorshire, 1828-34, Radnor boroughs, 1847-55; member of commission to inquire into Irish revenue, 1821, of commi?Mon to inquire into revenue of Great Britain and Ireland, 1822, and of commission on Irish education, 1825-8: jointsecretary to the treasury, 1827; vice-president of the board of trade and privy councillor, 1828; treasurer of the navy, 1830; chairman of the poor-law commission, 1834-9; created baronet, 1846.
^ Thomas Taylor Lewis (1801–1868), geologist and antiquary; M.A. St John's College, Cambridge, 1828; investigated the Silurian system: edited for the Camden Society the Letters of Lady Brilliana HMle
^ Titus Lewis (1773–1811) baptist minister; in charge of baptist church at Carmarthen; published Welsh theological works, 1802-11.
^ William Lewis (1592–1667), master of the hospital of St. cross, Winchester, and canon of Winchester; educated at Hart Hall, Oxford; B.A. and fellow of Oriel, 1608; M.A., 1612; chaplain to Lord Chancellor Bacon; provost of Oriel, 1618-21; in the service of George Villiers, duke of Buckingham, 1627-8; canon of Winchester, 1827; D.D. Oxford, 1627; chaplain to Charles I and master of the hospital of St. Cross, 1628; D.D. Cambridge, 1629; ejected under the Commonwealth; reinstated, 1660.
^ William Lewis (1714–1781), chemist; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1737; MJB., 1741; M.D., 1745; delivered the oration at opening of Radcliffe Library, 1749; chief works,The New Dispensatory 1753, and Experimental History of the Materia Medica 1761.
^ William Lewis (1787–1870), writer on chess and chess-player, also a teacher of chess: published elementary works on chess between 1814 and 1835.
^ William Garrett Lewis (1821–1885), baptist minister; obtained clerkship in post office, 1840; became a baptist, and was chosen minister; secretary of the London Baptist Association, which he helped to found, 1866-9, and president, 1870; editor of theBaptist Magazine for twenty years.
^ William Thomas Lewis (1748?–1811), called Gentleman Lewis, actor; great-grandson of Erasmus Lewis; appeared at Dublin, 1770-2, at Covent Garden, London, 1773-1809; played more characters, original and established, than almost any other English comedian; created, among other parts, Faulkland in the Rivals Doricourt in the Belle's Stratagem and Jeremy Diddler in Raising the Wind; deputy-manager of Covent Garden, 1782-1804; lessee of the Liverpool Theatre, 1803-1811.
^ Jane Lewson (1700?–1816), commonly called Lady Lewson; eccentric centenarian ; her maiden name Vaughan; after the death of her husband (1726) lived in close retirement. Her peculiarities possibly suggested Dickens's character of Miss Havisham.
^ Ap Rhys Ap Owain Lewys (d. 1616?). See Lewys Dwnn.
^ Barons Lexington . See SUTTON, ROBERT, first Baron 1694–1668; SUTTON, ROBERT, second BARON, 1661-1723.
^ Henry de Lexinton (d. 1258), bishop of Lincoln ; brother of John de Lexinton; dean of Lincoln, 1245; bishop of Lincoln, 1253-8.
^ John de Lexinton or Lessington (d. 1257), baron, judge, and often described as keeper of the great seal; a clerk in chancery; had custody of great seal for short periods in 1238, 1242, 1247, 1249, 1253; king's seneschal, 1247; chief-justice of the forests north of the Trent, and governor of several northern castles, 1256; put in fetters the Jew Copin, supposed murderer, with his co-religionists, of Hugh of Lincoln, 1255.
^ Oliver de Lexinton (f. 1299). See Sutton.
^ Robert de Lexinton or Lessington (d. 1250), judge; prebendary of Southwell; senior of the justices, 1234; chief of the itinerant justices for the northern division, 1240.
^ Stephen de Lexinton or Lessington (fl.–1260), abbot of Clairvaux; studied at Paris and Oxford; prebendary of Southwell. 1214; abbot of Savigny, Normandy, 1229; abbot of Clairvaux, 1243-55; founded house in Paris for scholars of bis order, 1244.
^ Hugh Ley (1790–1837), physician; M.D. Edinburgh, 1813; L.R.C.P., 1818; published An Essay on Larynirismus Stridulus, or Crouplike Inspiration of Infants, the first work containing a full pathological description of the malady, 1856.
^ James Ley, first Earl of Marlborough (1550-1629), judge; of Brasenose College, Oxford; B.A.. 1574 barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1584; M.P., Westbury, 1597-8 1604-6, and 1609-11; bencher of Lincoln's Inn, 1600 reader, 1602; serjeant-at-law and knighted, 1603; lord chief-justice of king's bench in Ireland, 1604; com of the great seal at Dublin, 1605; commissioner for the plantation of Ulster, 1608; attorney of the court of wards and liveries in England, 1608; governor of Lincoln's Inn, 1609-22: M.P., Bath, 1614; created baron, 1619: lord chief-justice of king's bench, 1622-4; lord high treasurer and privy councillor, 1624.and created Baron Ley of Ley in Devonshire, 1624; Earl of Marlborough, 1626: president of the council, 1628; member of Elizabethan Society of Antiquaries.
^ James Ley, third Earl of Marlborough (1618-1665), naval captain; grandson of James Ley, first earl of Marlborough; succeeded to the title, 1638; royalist commander, 1643; established a colony, which soon failed, at Santa Cruz, West Indies, 1645; commanded the squadron which went to the East Indies to receive Bombay from the Portuguese, 1661; nominated governor of Jamaica, 1664; killed in naval action with Dutch, 1665.
^ John Ley (1583–1662), puritan divine; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1608; prebendary of Chester, 1627; took the solemn league and covenant, 1643; president of Sion College, 1645; atrier 1653; held various rectories, and wrote religious works.
^ Thomas Leybourn (1770–1840), mathematician; edited the Mathematical Repository 1799-1835; published A Synopsis of Data for the Construction of Triangles 1802; teacher of mathematics at the Military College, Sandhurst, 1802-39.
^ William Leybourn (1626–1700?), mathematician; teacher of mathematics and professional land surveyor; joint-author of the first book on astronomy written in English, Urania Practica 1648; published 'The Compleat Surveyor 1653, Arithmetick, Vulgar, Decimal, and Instrumental 1657, The Line of Proportion or Numbers, commonly called Gunter's Line, made easie 1667; Cursus Mathematicus 1690, and Panarithmologia 1693 (the earliest ready-reckoner known in English).
^ Roger de Leybourne, Leyburn, Lemburn, or Leeburn (d. 1271), warden of the Cinque ports; accompanied Henry III to Gascony, 1253; served against Llywelyn of Wales, 1256; sided with the barons, 1258, and was consequently deprived of all his revenues, c. 1260; took to marauding; associated himself with Simon de Montfort, 1263; reconciled to the king, 1264; took the king's side in the battle of Evesham, 1265.
^ William de Leybourne (d. 1309), baron; son of Roger de Leybourne; served in Wales, 1277; constable of Pevensey, 1282; described as admiral of the sea of the king of England 1297; served in Scotland, 1299-1300 and 1304.
^ George Leyburn (1593–1677), Roman catholic divine; studied at Douay, 1617-25; missioner in England, 1630; chaplain to Queeu Henrietta Maria; forced to retire to Douay, where he taught philosophy and divinity; D.D. Rheims; returned to England, but during the civil war retired to France and rendered services to the royalist party; president of the English college at Douay, 1652-70; died at Châlon-sur-Saône; author of religious works.
^ John Leyburn (1620–1702), Roman catholic prelate; nephew of George Leyburn; educated at the English college, Douay; taught classics there; president, 1670-6; D.D.; vicar-apostolic of all England, 1685-8, and first vicar-apostolic of the London district, 1688; translated Kenelm Digby's treatise on the soul into Latin (Paris, 1661).
^ John Leycester (fl. 1639), miscellaneous writer; B.A. Brasenose College, Oxford, 1622; works include A Manual of the Choicest Adagies 1623, and two poems, one on the death of Hampden, 1641, and another entitled England's Miraculous Preservation 1646.
^ Sir Peter Leycester , first baronet (1614–1678), antiquary; of Brasenose College, Oxford; entered Gray's Inn, 1632; took royalist side in the civil war; rewarded with a baronetcy, 1660; author of Historical Antiquities in two Books 1673; contributed to the controversy concerning the legitimacy of Amicia, wife of Ralph Mainwariug, his ancestor.
^ John Leyden (1775–1811), physician and poet: studied at Edinburgh University, 1790-7; contributed to theEdinburgh Literary Magazine contributed to Lewis's Tales of Wonder 1801: assisted Scott with earlier volumes of the 4 Border Minstrelsy 1802; published Scottish Descriptive Poems 1802; M.D. St. Andrews; assistant-surgeon at Madras, 1803-5; snttlnl at Calcutta, 1806; published his essay on the Indo- Persian, Indo-Chinese, and EK-kkmi languages, 1807; commissioner of the court of requests, Calcutta, 1809; assay-master of the mint, Calcutta, 1810; accompanied Lord Minto to Java, 1811; translated into English the Sejarah Malayu Malay Annals), published 1821, and Commentaries of Baber published 1826; died at Cornelia, Java.
^ Joseph Bentley Leyland (.1811 - 1851), sculptor; his most important works a statue of Dr. Beckwith of York, in York Minster, and a group of African bloodhounds.
^ Thomas Leyson (1549–1608?), poet and physician; of Winchester and New College, Oxford: fellow, 1509-86; M.A., 1576: M.B. and proctor, 1583; practised physic at Bath; wrote Latin verses.
^ Edward Lhuyd (1660–1709), Celtic scholar and naturalist; entered Jesus College, Oxford, 1682; keeper of the Ashmolean Museum, 1690-1709; published catalogue of the figured fossils in the Ashmolean, 1699; M.A., 1701; vol. i. of his Archseologia Britannica* published, 1707; F.R.S., 1708; superior beadle of divinity in Oxford University, 1709.
^ Saint Liafwine (fl. 755).
^ Francis Liardet (1798–1863), captain in the navy; entered navy, 1809; served on the coast of Africa and on the North American station, 1810-14; lieutenant, 1824; on the South American station, 1833-8; commander and serving in the Mediterranean, 1838-40; obtained post rank, 1840; New Zealand Company's agent at Taranaki, 1841-2; publishedProfessional Recollections on Points of Seamanship, Discipline &c., 1849, and The Midshipman's Companion 1851; one of the, captains of Greenwich Hospital, 1856; published Friendly Hints to the Young Naval Lieutenant 1858.
^ Matthew Hart (1736–1782?), engraver; apprenticed to Simon Francois Ravenet: published engravings after Benjamin West, P.R.A.
^ Lord Libbertoun (d. 1650). See George Winram.
^ Earls of Lichfield . See STUART, BERNARD, titular earl, 1623 ?-1646; LEE, GEORGE HENRY, third EARL of the Lee family, 1718-1772.
^ Leonard Lichfield (1604–1657), printer and author: printer to the university of Oxford; printed public papers for Charles I, 1642-6.
^ Leonard Lichfield (d. 1686), printer ; son of Leonard Lichfleld (1604-1657); printed at Oxford 'The Oxford Gazette a folio half-sheet, containing the government's official notices, the earliest English periodical of the kind (1665-6), which was continued in London asThe London Gazette
^ William Lichfield (d. 1447), divine and poet ; D.D.; rector of All Hallows the Great, London; a famous preacher: left 3,083 sermons written in English with his own hand.
^ Duncan Liddel (1561 - 1613), mathematician and physician; educated at Aberdeen: studied mathematics and physic at Frankfort-on-Oder; professor of mathematics at Helmstadt, 1691-1603; M.D. Helmstadt, 1596, and dean of the faculty of philosophy, 1599; prorector, 1604; returned to Scotland, 1607: endowed a professorship of mathematics in the Marischal College, Aberdeen, 1613; published medical works.
^ Henry George Liddell (1811–1898), dean of Christ Church, Oxford; of Charterhouse and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1835; D.D., 1865; tutor, 1836, and censor, 1845, of Christ Church, Oxford; White's professor of moral philosophy, 1845; domestic chaplain to Prince Albert, 1846; head-master of Westminster School, 1846-55; published (1843), with Robert Scott (1811-1887), Greek-English Lexicon which he revised alone for 7thelit., 1883; member of first Oxford University oommlssion, 1862; dean of Christ ri.-.ir. rook prominent part in administrative reforms at Chri-t Church: vice-chancellor, 1870-4: Iran. LM. K-llnburgh, 1884: hon. D.C.L. Oxford, 1893: his publications include A History of Ancient Rome 1855.
^ Henry Thomas Liddell , first Earl of Ravensworth (1797–1878), educated at Eton an John's College, Cambridge: M.P., Northumberland, 1886: North Durham, 1837-47; Liverpool, 1853-5: succeeded liis father as second Baron Ravens worth (of a second creation), 1855: created Earl of Ravens worth and Baron Eslington, 1874; published original poems, and translations from Horace and Virgil.
^ Sir John Liddell (1794–1868), director-general of the medical department of the royal navy, 1854-64; M.D. Edinburgh; entered the navy as assistant-surgeon, 1812; L.R.C.S., 1821; director of the hospital at Malta, 1831; Inspector of fleets and hospitals, 1844; F.H.P., 1846; deputy inspector-general of Haslar Hospital; inspector-general of Royal Hospital, Greenwich; knighted, 1848; honorary physician to Queen Victoria, 1859: K.C.B., 1864.
^ Knight of Liddesdale (1300?–l?53). See Sir William Douglas.
^ William Liddiard (1773–1841), miscellaneous writer; entered University College, Oxford, 1792; in the army, 1794-6: B.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1803; author of poems and a book of travels.
^ Henry Parry Liddon (1829–1890), canon of St. Paul's Cathedral, London, and preacher; of King's College School, London, and Christ Church, Oxford; B.A., 1860: ordained, 1853; joined Pusey and Keble; vice-principal of Bishop Wilberforce's Theological College, Cuddesdon, 18541859; vice-principal of St. Edmund's Hall, Oxford, 1869; on the hebdomadal board three times between 1864 and 1875; Bampton lecturer, 1866; B.D., D.D., and D.C.L., 1870: Ireland professor of exegesis, 1870-82; canon of St. Paul's Cathedral, 1870: chancellor of St. Paul's Cathedral, 1886: his sermons at St. Paul's for twenty years a central fact of London life; most of his sermons published; left ready for publication three volumes of a Life of Pusey.
^ Gilbert of Lifard . (d. 1305). See Gilbert.
^ Lifford first Viscount (1709 - 1789). See James Hewitt.
^ Edward Light (1747–1832), professor of music and inventor of musical instruments; organist of St. George's, Hanover Square, 1794: invented the harpguitar and the lute-harp, 1798, and the harp-lyre, luteharp, and dital-harp, 1816; publishedA First Book on Music 1794, Lessons and Songs for the Guitar" In 1795 and 1800, and instructions for lute-playing, 1800 and 1817.
^ William Light (1784–1838), colonel : surveyorgeneral of South Australia and founder of the city of Adelaide; lieutenant, 1809; served in the Pt-ninsula; captain, 1821; employed in navy of Mehemet A15, pasha of Egypt; surveyor-general of South Australia, 1836; selected site for city of Adelaide, 1836: died at Port Adelaide; author of A Trigonometrical Survey of Adelaide
^ Hannah Lightfoot (fl. 1768), the beautiful quakeress; said by scandal to have been secretly married to George, prince of Wales, afterwards George III.
^ John Lightfoot (1602–1675), biblical critic-; entered Christ's College, Cambridge, 1617: took holy orders and held various cures; his first work,Erubhim, or Miscellanies, Christian and Judaical 1629: master of Catharine Hall, Cambridge, 1650; D.D., 1652; vicecliancellor of his university, 1654: prebendary of Kly. 1668; aided in Walton's Polyglot Bible, 1657; the first collected edition of his works published, 1684.
^ John Lightfoot (1735–1788), naturalist : M.A. Pembroke College, Oxford, 176; in holy orders, holding several cures; published theFlora Scotica 1778; F.H.s.. 1781: member of the Linnean Society.
^ Joseph Barber Lightfoot (1828 - 1889), :rham, divine aud scholar; educated at s School, Birmingham, and Trinity College, Cambridge: B.A., 1851: fellow of Trinity College, 1858-79: edited Journal of Classical and Sacred Philology 1854-9; ordained, 1858; member of the * council of senate," 1860; Hulseau professor of divinity, 1861; chaplain to Queen Victoria, 1862; member of the New Testament Company of Revisers, 1870-80; Lady Margaret professor of divinity, 1875; bishop of Durham, 1879-89; published many valuable works on biblical criticism and early post-biblical Christian history and iterature.
^ Edward Ligonier , first Earl Ligonier in the peerage of Ireland (d. 1782), lieutenant-general; son of Francis Ligonier; entered the army, 1752; present at Minden, 1759; succeeded his uncle, Earl Ligoiiier, in the Irish viscountcy, 1770; created Earl Ligouier, 1776: lieutenant-general, 1777; K.B., 1781.
^ Francis Ligonier , otherwise François Auguste (d. 1746), colonel in the British army ; brother of John Ligonier, first earl Ligonier; entered the army, 1720; present at Dettingen, 1743; colonel, 1745.
^ John Ligonier , otherwise Jean Louis, first Earl Ligonier (1680-1770), field-marshal in the British army; born at Castres, France; educated in France and Switzerland; came to Dublin, 1697; fought under Maryborough at Blenheim, 1704, Ramillies, 1706, Oudenarde, 1708, Malplaquet, 1709; governor of Fort St. Philip, Minorca, 1712; adjutant-general of the Vigo expedition, 1718; colonel of the black horse (now 7th dragoons), 1720-49; majorgeneral and governor of Kinsale, 1739; present at Dettingen, 1743; K.B. and lieutenant-general, 1743; commanded the British foot at Fontenoy, 1745; commander- in -chief in the Austrian Netherlands, 1746-7; M.P., Bath, 1748; governor of Jersey, 1750, of Plymouth, 1752; commander in-chief and created Viscount Ligonier of EnuiskQlen, co. Fermanagh, 1757; master-general of the ordnance, 1759-62; his title altered to Viscount Ligonier of Clonmell, 1762; created Baron Ligonier in peerage of Great Britain, 1763; created Earl Ligonier of Ripley, Surrey, 1766: field marshal, 1766.
^ John Lilburne (1614?–1657), political agitator; accused before the Star-chamber of printing and circulating unlicensed books, 1637; imprisoned, 1638-40; fought for the parliament, 1642-5; left the service, because he would not take the covenant, 1645; expressed his distrust of the army leaders in pamphlets, 1648-9; sent to the Tower, tried and acquitted, 1649; advocated release of trade from the restrictions of chartered companies and monopolists, 1650; exiled for supporting his uncle, George Lilburne, in his quarrel with Sir Arthur Hesilrige, 1652-3; allowed to return to England, but on refusing to promise compliance with the government was confined in Jersey and Guernsey, and at Dover Castle till 1655; joined the Quakers.
^ Robert Lilburne (1613–1665), regicide ; brother of John Lilburne; entered the parliamentarian army; signed Charles I's death-warrant, 1649; served in Cromwell's Scottish campaigns, 1651-2; M.P. for the East Riding of Yorkshire, 1656; acted with Lambert, 1659; condemned to life-long imprisonment, 1660.
^ Lilford fourth Baron (1833–1896). See Thomas Littleton Powys.
^ Luke Lillingston (1663–1713), brigadier-general; served in Ireland under William III; in the Martinique expedition, 1693; in Jamaica, 1695; brigadier-general, 1704; ordered to Antigua, 1707, whither his regiment had been sent in 1706; deprived of command for unreadiness, 1708.
^ George Lillo (1693–1739), dramatist; his famous tragedy, The London Merchant, or the History of George Barnwell first acted, 1731: hisChristian Heroacted, 1735; his Fatal Curiosity produced, 1736, and Elmerick, or Justice Triumphant after his death, 1740; helped to popularise thedomestic drama in England.
^ Christian Lilly (d. 1738), military engineer; commenced his military career in service of the Dukes of Zelte and Hanover, 1685; entered service of William III, 1688: engineer of the office of ordnance, 1692; employed in the West Indies as engineer, 1693 and 1694-5; chief engineer at Jamaica, 1696; third engineer of England, 1701-15; chief engineer in West Indies, 1704-38.
^ Edmond Lilly (d. 1716), portrait-painter ; executed indifferent portraits of enormous dimensions; his best-known work a portrait of Queen Anne, 1703.
^ Henry Lilly (d. 1638), Rouge-dragon pursuivant ; educated at Christ's Hospital; Rouge-rose pursuivant, 1634; Rouge-dragon pursuivant, 1638; left in manuscript Pedigrees of Nobility and The Genealogie of the Priucelie Familie of the Howards
^ John Lilly (1554?-1606).
^ William Lilly (1602–1681), astrologer ; wrote a treatise onThe Eclipse of the Sun in the eleventh Degree of Gemini, 22 May 1639 1639; published bis first almanac, Merlinus Anglicus Junior, the English Merlin revived 1644, and henceforth prepared one every year till his death; began to issue pamphlets of prophecy, 1644; publishedChristian Astrology modestly treated in three Books long an authority in astrological literature, 1647; while ostensibly serving the parliament endeavoured to aid Charles I, 1647-8; claimed scientific value for his 'Annus Tenebrosus, or the dark Year, together with a short Method how to judge the Effects of Eclipses 1652; studied medicine; granted a licence to practise, 1670. His published writings consist mainly of astrological predictions and vindications of their correctness; his chief non-professional work is his True History of King James I and King Charles I 1651.
^ Frederick William Lillywhite (1792-1854), cricketer; a bricklayer by trade; in middle life took a foremost place among professional cricketers; played his first match at Lord's, 1827; known as the Nonpareil Bowler; bowler to the M.C.C., 1844-54.
^ George Lily (d. 1559), Roman catholic divine; son of William Lily; educated at Magdalen College, Oxford; domestic chaplain to Cardinal Pole; canon of Canterbury, 1558; author of some Latin historical works.
^ Peter Lily or Lilly (d. 1615), archdeacon of Taunton; grandson of William Lily; educated at Jesus College, Cambridge; fellow; M.A. and D.D.; prebendary of St. Paul's, 1699; archdeacon of Taunton, 1613; Conciones Duae and Two Sermons published in 1619.
^ William Lily (1468?–1522), grammarian; probably entered Magdalen College, Oxford, 1486; graduated; made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem; studied Greek and Latin and classical antiquities in Italy; engaged in teaching in London; high-master of St. Paul's School, London, 1512-22; contributed a short Latin syntax, with the rules in English, under the title of Grammatices Rudimenta to Colet's.Editio first printed, 1527.
^ Limerick, first Earl of the second creation (1758-1845). See Edmund Henry Pery.
^ Richard Limpus (1824–1875), founder of the College of Organists, 1864; secretary, 1864-75; composed sacred and secular music.
^ Thomas Linacre (1460?–1524), physician and classical.scholar; educated at Oxford; fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, 1484; went to Italy, c. 1485-6; M.D. Padua; returned to England about 1492; one of Henry VIII's physicians, 1509; lectured at Oxford, 1510; received many ecclesiastical preferments, 1509-20; mainly instrumental in founding College of Physicians, 1518; Latin tutor to the Princess Mary, 1623, for whom he composed a Latin grammar, Rudimenta Grammatices: founded lectureships in medicine at Oxford and Cambridge; wrote grammatical and medical works, and translated from the Greek, especially from Galen.
^ Richard Linche or Lynche (fl. 1596–1601), poet; author ofThe Fountaine of English Fiction 1599, and An Historical Treatise of the Travels of Noah into Europe 1601, both so-called translations from the Italian; supposed to be the R. L. gentleman who published in 1596 a volume of sonnets entitled Diella.
^ Earls of Lincoln . See ROUMARE, WILLIAM DE, fl. 1140; LACY, JOHN DK, first EARL of the Lacy family, d. 1240; LACY, HENRY DE, third EARL, 1249 V-1311; I'MI.I:, JOHN DE LA, 1464 ?-1487; CLIXTON, EDWARD FIKXXKS UK, first EARL of the Clinton family, 1512-1586; CLINTON, HENRY FIEXXKS, ninth EARL, 1720-1794.
^ Hugh of Lincoln , Saint (1246?–1255). See Hugh.
^ James Lind (1716–1794), physician; surgeon in the navy; served at Minorca (1739) and in the West Indies, Mediterranean, and Channel; M.D. Edinburgh, 1748: fellow of the College of Physicians of Edinburgh, 1750; physician to the Naval Hospital, Haslar, 1758-94; published An Essay on Diseases incidental to Europeans in Hot Climates 1768, and other medical works; discovered lemon-juice to be a specific for scurvy at sea.
^ James Lind (1736–1812), physician ; M.D. Edinburgh, 1768; fellow of the Edinburgh College of Physicians. 1770; made a voyage to Iceland, 1772; F.R.S., 1777; settled at Windsor and became physician in the royal household; interested in astronomy and science; had a private press at which he printed mysterious little books, and (1795) Sir Robert Douglas'sGenealogy of the Families of Lind and the Montgomeries of Smithson
^ Johanna Maria Lind , known as Jenny Lind, and afterwards as MADAME JENNY LIND-GOLDSCHMIDT (18201887), vocalist; born at Stockholm; began to study singing at the Royal Theatre, Stockholm, 1830; first appearance at the theatre, 1838; appointed court singer, 1840; studied in Paris under Garcia; visited professionally Finland and Copenhagen, 1843, Dresden and Berlin, and other German cities, 1844-5, and Vienna, 1846-7; first appeared in London, 1847; retired from the operatic stage, but continued to sing at concerts, 1849; made tours in America, 1850-2; married Mr. Otto Goldschmidt of Hamburg, 1852, and lived at Dresden, 1852-5; made tours in Germany, Austria, and Holland, 1854-5, in Great Britain, 1855-6; became a naturalised British subject, 1859; made her last appearance in public, 1883; professor of singing at the Royal College of Music, 1883-6.
^ John Lind (1737–1781), political writer; M.A. Balliol College, Oxford, 1761; went to Warsaw and became tutor to Prince Stanislaus Poniatowski; appointed governor of an institution for educating four hundred cadets; F.S.A.; returned to England, 1773; published his Letters concerning the Present State of Poland 1773; F.R.S., 1773; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1776; wrote also on the American war.
^ Thomas Lindesay (1656–1724), archbishop of Armagh; of Wadham College, Oxford; M.A., 1678; fellow, 1679; D.D., 1693; dean of St. Patrick's, Dublin, 1693; bishop of Killaloe, 1693-1713, and of Raphoe, 1713-14; archbishop of Armagh, 1714.
^ William Lindewood (1375?–1446). See Lyndwood.
^ John Lindley (1799–1865), botanist and horticulturist; published his first book, a translation of Richard's Analyse du Fruit 1819; assistant-librarian to Sir Joseph Banks; published * Rosarum Monographia 1820; F.L.S. and F.G.S., 1820; assistant-secretary to the Horticultural Society, 1822-41; F.R.S., 1828; professor of botany in the University of London, 1829-60; lecturer on botany to the Apothecaries Company, 1836-53; vice-secretary, 1841-58; honorary secretary and member of the council, 1858-62; helped to found the GardenersChronicle 1841. His chief work was The Vegetable Kingdom 1846.
^ Robert Lindley (1776–1855), violoncellist ; principal violoncello at the opera, 1794-1851; professor of the Royal Academy of Music, 1822; the greatest violoncellist of his time.
^ William Lindley (1808–1900), civil engineer ; engineer-in-chief to Hamburg and Bergedorf railway, 1838-60; designed Hamburg sewerage and water works, and drainage and reclamation of the Hammerbrook district; consulting engineer to city of Frankfort-onIlaiu, 1865-79.
^ Patrick Lindon (. 1734), Irish poet; some of his songs, which were very popular while Irish was spoken in the district of the Fewa, co. Armagh, are extant in manuscript,
^ Alexander Lindsay , fourth Earl of Crawford (d. 1454), sumamed the Tiger Earl, and also 'Beardie Earl' ; hereditary sheriff of Aberdeen, 1446 ; warden of the marches, 1451; engaged in quarrels with other Scottish nobles, 1445-52; received king's pardon, 1453.
^ Alexander Lindsay, first Baron Spynie (d. 1607), fourth son of the tenth Earl of Crawford; brother of David Lindsay, eleventh earl of Crawford; vice-chamberlain to James VI; created Baron Spynie, 1590; accused of harbouring the Earl of Bothwell, 1592; tried and acquitted; slain by a pitiful mistake in a brawl in his own house.
^ Alexander Lindsay (d. 1639), bishop of Dunkeld; bishopric bestowed on him, 1607; deposed, 1638.
^ Alexander Lindsay, second Baron Spynie (d. 1646), eldest son of Alexander, first baron Spynie; commander-in-chief in Scotland, 1626-46; served under Gustavus Adolphus, 1628-33; supported Charles I against the covenanters.
^ Alexander Lindsay , second Baron Balcarres and first Earl of Balcarres (1618-1659), eldest son of David Lindsay, first baron Balcarres, and grandson of John Lindsay, lord Menmuir: succeeded his father, 1641; present at Marston Moor, 1644; declared for the king, severing his connection with the covenanting party, 1648; admitted to parliament, 1649; a commissioner of the exchequer, 1650; created Earl of Balcarres and hereditary governor of Edinburgh Castle, 1651; visited France to advise the king, 1653 and 1654; finally resided at the court of Charles II; died at Breda.
^ Alexander Lindsay , sixth Earl of Balcarres (1752-1825), eldest son of James Lindsay, fifth earl of Balcarres, and grandson of Colin Lindsay, third earl ; succeeded to peerage, 1768; studied at Gbttingen, 1768-70; captain, 1771; major, 1775; present at Ticonderoga, 1777; compelled to surrender and a prisoner till 1779; lieutenant-colonel, 1782; Scots representative peer, 1784-1825; colonel, 1789; major-general and commander of the forces in Jersey, 1793; governor of Jamaica, 17941801; lieutenant-general, 1798; general, 1803; completed the Memoirs of the Lindsays begun by his father, and left manuscript Anecdotes of a Soldier's Life
^ Sir Alexander Lindsay (1785–1872), general ; colonel-commandant, royal (late Bengal) artillery; educated at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; received his first Indian commission as first lieutenant, 1804; on active service, 1806-18; captain, 1813; major, 1820; lieutenant-colonel, 1824; colonel and colonel-commandant, 1835; superintendent of telegraphs and agent for the manufacture of gunpowder; served in first Burmese war; major-general, 1838; lieutenant-general, 1851; general, 1859; K.C.B., 1862.
^ Sir Alexander de Lindsay of Luffness] (fl. 1283-1309), high chamberlain of Scotland under Alexander III; wavered in his allegiance, sometimes supporting the English, sometimes the Scottish sovereign.
^ Alexander William Crawford Lindsay , twenty-fifth Earl of Crawford and eighth Earl of Balcarres(1812-1880), of Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1833; travelled and collected books; succeeded to the earldoms, 1869; died at Florence; chief works, * Lives of the Lindsays 1840, andSketches of the History of Christian Art 1847.
^ Lady Anne Lindsay (1750–1825). See Barnard.
^ Colin Lindsay , third Earl of Balcarres (1654?1722), second son of Alexander Lindsay, second baron Balcarres and first earl of Balcarres; succeeded his brother in the earldom, 1662; went to sea with the Duke of York and distinguished himself at Solebay, 1672; privy councillor, 1680; a commissioner of the treasury, 1686; was connected with the Montgomery plot for James ITs restoration; left the country, 1690; settled at Utrecht; returned to Scotland, 1700; privy councillor, 1 705; supported the union, 1707; published his Memoirs touching the Revolution in Scotland 1714. a valuable narrative of proceedings and negotiations 01 1688-90; joined Prinoe Charles Edward, 1715.
^ Colin Lindsay (1819–1892), founder of English Church Union: fourth son of James Lindsay, twenty-fourth earl of Crawford: educated at Trinity College, Cambridge; founder.md pn -idnit of Manchester Church Society, which developed (I860) into English Church Union; president, 1860-7; joined Roman catholic church, 1868: published theological writings.
^ Sir David Lindsay , first Earl of Crawford (1865 7-1407), chiefly celebrated for his successful tournament with Lord Welles at London Bridge, 135)0: succeeded as tenth Baron Crawford, 1397; created Earl of Crawford, 1398; deputy-chamberlain north of the Forth, 1406.
^ David Lindsay , fifth Earl of Crawford and first DUKE OF MONTROSE (1440?-1495), eldest son of Alexander Lindsay, fourth earl of Crawford; succeeded to the earldom, 1454; ward of Sir James Hamilton of Cadzow, first baron Hamilton, whose daughter he married, 1459; sheriff of Forfar, 1466; lonl high admiral, 1476: master of the household, 1480; lord chamberlain, 1483; joint high justiciary of the north of Scotland, 1488; created Duke of Montrose, 1488, the first time such a dignity was conferred on a Scotsman not a member of the royal family; privy councillor, 1490.
^ Sir David Lindsay or Lyndsay (1490–1555), Scottish poet and Lyon king of arms; entered the royal service as equerry; usher to Prince James (afterwards James V), 1512-22; his first poem,The Dreme written 1528, not printed till after bis death; Lyon king of arms, 1529; circulated The Complaynt to the King 1589, and The Testament and Complaynt of our Soverane Lordis Papyngo 1530; his first embassy as Lyon king to the court of the Emperor Charles V, 1531; his principal poem, Ane Satyre of the Three Estaits a drama, produced, 1540; his Register of Arms of the Scottish Nobility and Gentry (unpublished till 1821), the best source for early Scottish heraldry, completed 1542; printedAne Dialog betoix Experience and ane Courteour 1552, and The Monarchy 1554; a satirist of abuses in church and state and the poet of the Scottish Reformation. Repeated editions of the poems have been published from 1558 to 1870.
'^ David Lindsay, tenth Earl of Crawford (d. 1574), succeeded to earldom, 1558; supporter of Mary Queen of Scots, joining the association for her defence, 1568,
^ David Lindsay , eleventh Earl of Crawford (1547 7-1607), eldest son of David Lindsay, tenth earl of Crawford; lived abroad, 1579-82; master stabler to the king and provost of Dundee, 1582; converted to Roman Catholicism and associated himself with the schemes of the Romanist nobles; convicted of treason and condemned to confinement, 1589.
^ At end of David Lindsay , eleventh Earl of Crawford (1547 7-1607), eldest son of David Lindsay, tenth earl of Crawford; lived abroad, 1579-82; master stabler to the king and provost of Dundee, 1582; converted to Roman Catholicism and associated himself with the schemes of the Romanist nobles; convicted of treason and condemned to confinement, 1589.
^ Sir David Lindsay of Edzell, Baron Edzell (1551?-1610), eldest son of the ninth Earl of Crawford; succeeded to the Edzell estates on death of his father, 1558, the earldom of Crawford passing to David Lindsay, tenth earl, son of Alexander Lindsay the 'wicked master', son of David Lindsay, eighth earl; educated on the continent with his brother, John Lindsay, lord Menmuir, under care of John Lawson fa. v.; knighted, 1581; lord of session as Lord Edzell, 1593; privy councillor, 1598; in seeking to avenge the murder of Sir Walter Lindsay of Balgavie indirectly occasioned the death of Alexander Lindsay, first baron Spynie, 1607.
^ David Lindsay (1631?–1613), bishop of Ross; one of the twelve original ministers nominated to the chief places in Scotland,* 1560; one of the recognised leaden of the kirk; as chaplain of James VI of Scotland accompanied him to Norway to fetch home his bride, 1589; bishop of Ross, 1600; privy councillor, 1600.
^ David Lindsay , twelfth Earl of Crawford (d. 1611), slew his kinsman, Sir Walter Lindsay of Balgavie , 1606; ultimately placed under surveillance in Edinburgh Castie.
^ David Lindsay (1566?-1627), presbyterian divine ; pnibly son of David Lindsay (1531 V-1613); M.A. St. Andrews 1586; published theological work*.
^ David Lindsay (. 1641?), bishop of Edinburgh : graduated at St. Andrews, 1693; master of Dundivnunmar school, 1597-1606; member of the hia;h commission, 1616; supported the king's articles at Perth assembly, 1618; rewarded with the bishopric of Brechin, 1619; crowned Charles I at Holyrood, 1633; bishop of Edinburgh and one of the lords of exchequer, 1634; deposed by the Glasgow assembly, 1638.
^ George Lindsay , third Baron Spynie (rf. 1671), second son of Alexander Lindsay, second baron Spynie ; succeeded to the estates, 1646; supporter of Charles I; taken prisoner at the battle of Worcester, 1651, and committed to the Tower; reinstated in his possessions, 1660; became chief representative of the Lindsays on the death of Ludovic Lindsay, sixteenth earl of Crawford.
^ Sir James Lindsay , ninth Baron Crawford, Lanarkshire (d. 1396), son of Sir James Lindsay, eighth baron Crawford; probably succeeded his father, 1357; fought at Otterburn, 1388; founded a convent of Trinity friars, Dundee, 1392; at feud with other Scottish nobles.
^ James Lindsay , seventh Baron Lindsay (d. 1601), son of Patrick Lindsay, sixth baron Lindsay of the Byres; chiefly responsible for the protestant tumult in the Tolbooth, 1596.
^ James Bowman Lindsay (1799–1862), electrician and philologist; apprenticed as hand-loom weaver at Carmyllie, Forfarsbire: studied at St. Andrews University; lecturer on mathematics and physical science at Watt Institution, Dundee, 1829; patented, 1854, a wireless system of telegraphy by which water was to be utilised as conductor of the electric current; devoted much time to compiling a Pentecontaglossal dictionary, which he left in MS. incomplete.
^ John Lindsay (d. 1335), bishop of Glasgow ; probably appointed, 1321; held office till 1329: a supporter of the house of Bruce; the year and manner of his death a matter of dispute.
^ John Lindsay , fifth Baron Lindsay of the Byres, Haddingtonshire (d. 1563): descended from William, son of Sir David Lindsay of Crawford (d. 1355?), succeeded to the title on death of his grandfather, Patrick, fourth lord Lindsay, 1526; present at the death of James V, 1542; one of the four noblemen entrusted with the custody of the infant Princess Mary, 1543; subscribed the Book of Discipline 1561.
^ John Lindsay, Lord Menmuir (1652–1598), secretary of state in Scotland: brother of Sir David Lindsay, baron Edzell; studied at Paris and Cambridge; adopted the profession of the law; lord of session as Lord Menmuir, 1581; privy councillor, 1589; lord keeper of the privy seal and secretary of state, 1595; advised the king to establish episcopacy, 1596.
^ John Lindsay, tenth Baron Lindsay of the Byres, first Earl of Lindsay, and afterwards known as John Crawford-Lindsay, seventeenth Earl of Crawford (1596–1678), created Earl of Lindsay, 1633; leader of the covenanters; lord of session and commissioner of the treasury, 1641; distinguished himself at Marston Moor, and title and dignities of Earl of Crawford ratified on him, 1644; president of the parliament, 1645; took part in attempt to rescue Charles from Carisbrook, 1646: joined the coalition for Charles II's restoration, 1650; taken prisoner, 1652; released, 1660; lord high treasurer, 1661; refusing to abjure the covenant resigned his offices and retired from public life, 1663.
^ John Lindsay, twentieth Earl of Crawford (1702-1749), military commander; educated at the universities of Glasgow and Edinburgh and the military academy of Vaudeuil, Paris: entered the army, 1726; Scots representative peer, 1733: captain, 1734; joined the imperial army under Prince Eugene, 1735; served in the Russian army, 1738-41: adjutant-general at Dettingen, 1743; brigadier-general at Fontenoy, 1745; engaged in suppressing the rebellion of 1745; lieutenant-general, 1747.
^ John Lindsay (. 1758), chaplain of the FouRucux with Keppel at the Goree expelition : published ' A Voyage to the Coast of Africa in 1758 1769.
^ John Lindsay (1686–1768), non-juror: published historical and religious works.
^ Sir John Lindsay (1737–1788), rear-admiral; served in Hochefort expedition, 1757, in expedition asrmnst Havana, 1762: knighted, 1763; in West Indies, 1764-5; commodore and commander-in-chief in Etist Indies, 1769-72: K.B., 1771: took part in engagement off Ushant. 1778: commodore and commander-in-chief in the Mediterranean, 1783; rear-admiral, 1787.
^ Ludovic Lindsay , sixteenth Earl of Crawford (1600–1652?), succeeded his brother Alexander Lindsay, fifteenth earl, 1639; entered Spanish service; connected with the Incident plot, 1641: joined Charles I'a standard, 1642: fought at Newbury, 1643, at Marston Moor, 1644; exiled, 1646; subsequently served in Spain and France; died probably in France.
^ Patrick Lindsay , sixth Baron Lindsay of the Byres (d. 1589), supporter of the reformers in Scotland ; eldest son of John Lindsay, fifth baron of the Byres ; succeeded to title, 1663; supporter of the plot to murder David Riccio or Rizzio, 1566: supported the king's party, 1570-2; concerned in Ruthven raid, 1582, and in Gowrie conspiracy, 1684.
^ Patrick Lindsay (1566–1644), archbishop of Glasgow; educated at St. Andrews; supported the episcopalian schemes of James I; bishop of Ross, 1613-33; privy councillor of Scotland, 1615; archbishop of Glasgow, 1633; deposed by the general assembly, 1638.
^ Patrick Lindsay (d. 1753), lord provost of Edinburgh; served in Spain until peace of Utrecht, 1713; lord provost of Edinburgh, 1729 and 1733; published work on the economic resources of Scotland, 1733; M.P., Edinburgh, 1734-41; governor of the Isle of Man, 1741.
^ Robert Lindsay (1500?-1565?), of Pitscottie, Scottish historian; his History covering a period of Scottish history about the earlier part of which, from the death of James I to that of James III, very little is known, first published, 1728.
^ Sir Walter Lindsay of Balgavie, Forfarshire (d. 1605), Roman catholic intriguer; acquired property of Balgavie, 1584; converted to Roman Catholicism, and constantly charged with conspiring against presbyteriauism; escaped the vengeance of the kirk by fleeing to Spain; there publishedAn Account of the present State of the Catholic Religion in the Realm of Scotland 1594; returned to Scotland, 1698; took part in all the feuds of the Lindsays; barbarously murdered by his kinsman, David Lindsay, twelfth earl of Crawford
^ William Lindsay , eighteenth Earl of Crawford and second EARL OF LINDSAY (d. 1698), eldest son of John Lindsay, tenth baron Lindsay of the Byres, seventeenth earl of Crawford, and first earl of Lindsay ; succeeded to the earldoms, 1678; a zealous presbyterian; president of the Convention parliament, 1689; a commissioner of the treasury, 1690; one of the commissioners for settling the government of the church.
^ William Lindsay (1802–1866), united presbyterian minister; studied at Glasgow University and the theological hall at Paisley; ordained, 1830; appointed professor of exegetical theology and biblical criticism by the relief synod; D.D. Glasgow, 1844; professor of sacred languages and biblical criticism on the staff of the United Presbyterian Hall, Glasgow, 1847, and professor of exegetical theology, 1858; published The Law of Marriage 1855, Exposition of Epistle to the Hebrews (edited, 1867), and other works.
^ William Lauder Lindsay (1829–1880), botanist; educated at Edinburgh High School and University: M.D. Edinburgh, 1852; combined geological and botanical studies with his practice of medicine; publishedThe History of British Lichens 1856; visited New Zealand, 1861-2; published Contributions to New Zealand Botany 1868, and Memoirs on the Spermogenes and Pycnides of Lichens 1870. Of bis works on medi cal subjects, the chief is Mind in the Lower Animals in Health and Disease 1879.
^ William Schaw Lindsay (1816–1877), merchant and shipowner; began a seafaring life, 1831; captain in the merchant service, 1830-40: fitter to the Castle Eden Coal Company, Hartlepool, 1841; established firm of W. S. Lindsay & Co., one of the largest shipownimr concerns in the world; M.P., Tynemouth and North Shields, 1854-9, Sunderland, 1859-65; published a valuable 'History of Merchant Shipping and Ancient Commerce 1874-6; author of other works on kindred subject*, and of Log of my Leisure Hours
^ Augistine Lindsell (d. 1634), bishop of Hereford; M.A. Clare Hall, Cambridge: fellow of Clare Hall, 1599; D.D., 1621; dean of Lichfield, 1628; bishop of Peterborough, 1633, of Hereford, 1634; his edition of Theophylact's Commentaries on St. Paul's Epistles published, 1636.
^ Earls of Lindsey . See Robert Bertie, first Earl 1582–1642; Montague Bertie, second Earl, 16087-1666.
^ Theophilus Lindsey (1723–1808), Unitarian ; educated at St. John's College, Cambridge; follow, 1747; held several livings, but his views becoming Unitarian, resigned, 1773; opened a temporary chapel (established permanently, 1778) in London, 1774, and issued his Apology; A Sequel to the Apology 1776, his most valuable contribution to dogmatic theology; his Historical View of the State of the Unitarian Doctrine and Worship from the Reformation to our own Time published, 1783; took leave of his pulpit, 1793; published 'Conversations on the Divine Government 1802, and a liturgy adapted for Unitarian congregations.
^ Francis Line alias Hall (1595–1675) Jesuit and scientific writer; joined Jesuits, 1623; ordained, 1628; professed of the four vows, 1640; professor of Hebrew and mathematics in the Jesuit college, Liege; missioner in England, 1656-69; constructed a sun-dial set up in the king's private garden at Whitehall, 1669; returned to Liege, 1672, where he died; author of several scientific works written between 1660 and 1675 on such subjects as squaring the circle, sundials, and the barometer.
^ Samuel Lines (1778–1863), painter, designer, and art instructor; worked as designer to a clock-dial enameller, papier-mache maker, and die engraver; began to teach drawing at Birmingham, 1807; set up in conjunction with others a life academy there, 1809; helped to found Birmingham School of Art, 1821; treasurer and curator of the Birmingham Society of Artists.
^ Samuel Restell Lines (1804–1833), painter ; j son of Samuel Lines (1778-1863): studied under his father; occasionally exhibited at the Royal Academy.
^ Thomas Linford (1650–1724).
^ Frederick Lingard (1811–1847), musician: organist, choirmaster, teacher of music, and composer; lay- vicar of Durham Cathedral, 1835; publishedAntiphonal Chants for the Psalter 1843, and aSeries of Anthems
^ John Lingard (1771–1851), Roman catholic historian of England; studied at the English college at i Donay, 1782-93; ordained and a ppointed vice-president of Crookhall College, near Durham, 1795-1811; published !The Antiquities of the Anglo-Saxon Church 1806; began hisHistory of Englandwhen missioner at Hornby, near Lancaster, 1811; D.D.: visited Rome, 1817 and 1825; took part in the jurisdiction of the Roman church in Great Britain; created doctor of divinity and of the canon and civil law by Pius VII, 1821: vols. i. iL and iii. of theHistorywere published, 1819; the remainder followed at intervals, 1820-30. It had five editions before 1851, and remains the authority for the reformation from the side of the enlightened Roman catholic priesthood.
^ Richard Lingard or Lyngard (1598?–1670), dean of Lismore: ordained, 1622: archdeacon of Clonmacnoise, 1639; professor of divinity, Dublin University, 1660; vice-provost, 1662; D.D., 1664; dean of Lismore, 1666.
^ Sir Henry Lingen Sir Henry (1812–1662), royalist; raised foogbt for Charles 1, 1643-8; knighted, 1646: .; M.P.,
^ Elizabeth Ann Linley, afterwards Mrs Sheridan (1754–1793). See Sheridan.
^ Francis Linley (1774–1800), organist and composer; blind from birth; organist at St. James's Chapel, Pentouville, London, c. 1790; carried on business as a music-seller, 1796: composed sonatas and airs for pianoforte and flute, and wrote a practical introduction to the organ (1 Jth L c. 1810).
^ George Linley (1798–1865), verse-writer and musical composer: composed fashionable and popular ballads. 1830-47: author of farces and satirical poems, Including Musical Cynics of London, a satire 1862, a saTage onslaught on Chorley; his operetta, 4 The Toymakers performed, 1861, and Law versus Love (comedietta), 1862.
^ George Linley (d. 1869), son of George Linley ; published The Goldseeker and other poems 1860, Old Saws newly set 1864.
^ Maria Linley (d. 1784), singer at the Bath concert* and in oratorio; daughter of Thomas Linley the dder
^ Mary Linley , afterwards Mrs Tickell (1756?-1787), vocalist; daughter of Thomas Linley the elder , musician; first appeared in public, 1771; married Richard Tickell, pamphleteer and commissioner of stamps, 1780.
^ Ozias Thurston Linley (1766–1831), organist ; son of Thomas Linley the elder;.educated at Corpus Christi College, Oxford; B.A., 1789; minor canon of Norwich, 1790; organist, Dulwich College, 1816.
^ Thomas Linley , the younger (1756–1778), violinist and composer; son of Thomas Linley the elder ; studied violin under his father, and at Florence under Nardini; leader of the orchestra and solo-player at bis father's concerts at Bath, 1773, and at the Drury Lane oratorios, 1774; drowned through the capsizing of a pleasure boat off the Lincolnshire coast; his compositions include songs for theDuenna(1775), songs for the Tempest* (1776), and a short oratorio,The Song of Moses
^ Thomas Linley , the elder (1732–1795), musical composer; set up in Bath as a singing-master and carried on the concerto in the Bath Assembly Rooms; became joint-manager of the Drury Lane oratorios, 1774; coinposed with his son Thomas the music for Sheridan's Duenna 1775; directed the music at Drury Lane, 17761781; member of the Royal Society of Musicians, 1777. HU compositions include the music to various dramatic pieces, and separate songs, glees, and canzonets.
^ William Linley (1771–1835), author and musical 1; son of Thomas Linley the elder; eduat SU Paul's School, London, and Harrow; writer the Bast India Company, sailing for Madras, 1790: deputy-secretary to the military board, 1793; returned to England, and brought out at Drury Lane Harlequin Captive, or Magic Fire 1796; produced The Honeymoon* (comic opera), 1797, andThe Pavilion(eutertainnientx 1799; returned to Madras, 1800; paymaster at Nellore, 1801; sub-treasurer and mintmaster to the presidency, Fort St. George, 1806; settled in London, 1806; collected Shakespeare's dramatic lyrics, with music by various composers and himself, in 2 vols., 1816; composed songs and wrote novels and verses,
^ Earls of Linlithgow o. See LIVINGSTONE, Alexander, first EARL, d. 1622; LIVINGSTONE, GEORGe, third EARL, 1616-1690; LIVINGSTONe, GEORGE, fourth EARL, 1663 V-1696.
^ Richard Linnecar (1722–1800), dramatist: postmaster at Wakefield: coroner for the West Riding! of lorksblre, 1763; published Miscellaneous Works containing two insipid comedies and other efforts, 1789.
^ John Linnell (1792–1882), portrait ami landSpe SS!* tbe Uoyal Aca demy *ooL, 18U5; first exhibited at the Academy, 1807; member of the Society of Painters in Oil and Water-colours, 1812, exhibiting, 1H13-20; treasurer, 1817; became intimate with Willium Blake (1767-1827), 1818; drew, painted, and engraved portraits; exhibited over a hundred portraits and ten or twelve landscapes at the Royal Academy, 1821-47; subsequently exhibited landscapes; put down his name for the A.R.A., 1821; withdrew it in disgust, 1842; declined membership when offered in later life.
^ Mary Linskill (1840–1891), novelist; contributed, under pseudonym of Stephen Yorke, Tales of the North Riding to Good Words (published, 1871); author of four other novels, 1876-87, and of some short stories.
^ Eliza Lynn Linton (1822–1898), novelist and miscellaneous writer; daughter of the Rev. James Lynn, and granddaughter of Samuel Goodenough; established herself in London, 1845, as a woman of letters; published Azeth the Egyptian 1846, Amymone 1848, and Realities 1851, none of which were very successful; member of staff of Morning Chronicle 1848-51; newspaper correspondent at Paris, 1851-4; contributed to All the Year Round married, 1858, William James Lin ton from whom she subsequently separated amicably; returned to fiction and achieved considerable success, two of her works, Joshua Davidson 1872, and Autobiography of Christopher Kirkland 1885 (the latter in a large measure her own autobiography), being especially notable; contributed to Saturday Review from 1866. Her works include,The Girl of the Period, and other Essays(1883), andGeorge Eliot(1897).
^ William Linton (1791–1876), landscape-painter : first exhibited at Royal Academy, 1817; helped to found the Society of British Artists, 1824; visited the continent, 1828; published in two folio volumes,Sketches in Italy drawn on stone, with descriptive text, 1832; resigned membership of the Society of British Artists, 1842; well versed in chemistry of colours; published Ancient and Modern Colours, from the earliest periods to the present time; with their Chemical and Artistical Properties 1852; ceased to exhibit at Royal Academy after 1859, at Society of British Artists after 1871.
^ Sir William Linton (1801–1880), army physician; educated at Edinburgh University: L.R.C.S. and entered army medical department, 1826; M.D. Glasgow, 1834; staff surgeon of the first class, 1848; served in Canada, the Mediterranean, and the West Indies; deputyinspector of hospitals in the Crimea; present in every action up to Balaclava; in charge of barrack hospital, Scutari, from 1854 till return of British forces; proceeded to India as inspector-general of hospitals, 1857; held offices throughout the mutiny; retired from the active list, 1863; K.C.B., 1865.
^ William James Linton (1812–1898), engraver, poet, and political reformer; apprenticed as wood-engraver; became associated with John Orrin Smith; adopted advanced views in religion and politics; established, 1839, The National designed as a vehicle for reprints from publications inaccessible to working men; editor of The Illuminated Magazine 1845; formed intimate friendship with Mazzini; took part in founding International League of patriots of all nations, 1847; supportedThe Friends of Italy; founded and conducted, 1850-5,The English Republic periodical; gained wide reputation as wood-engraver; married Eliza Lynn see LINTON, ELIZA LYNN, 1858; engraved covers of Cornhill* and Macmillan's magazines; went to America (1866) and established himself at Appledore, near New Haven, Connecticut, where he engaged privately in printing and engraving, and issued several books; died at New Haven. His publications include A History of Wood Engraving in America 1882, Masters of Wood Engraving 1890, some volumes of verse, and Memories an autobiography, 1895.
^ Barnaby Bernard Lintot (1675–1736), publisher; apprentice at StationersHall, 1690: free of the company, 1699; published poems and plays for Pope, Gay, Farquhar, Paruell, Steele, and Rowe, 1702-8; published Fenton's Oxford and Cambridge Miscellany Poems 1709, and Miscellaneous Poems and Translations (containing Pope's Rape of the Lock in its first form), 1712; published Pope's Iliad, 1 1718-20, Odyssey,* 1725-6; underwarden of the Stationers Company, 1729-30.
^ Henry Lintot (1703-1758), publisher and, from 1730, partner with his father, Barnaby Bernard Llntot
^ Mary Linwood (1755–1845), musical composer and artist in needlework; imitated pictures in worsted embroidery; exhibited at the Society of Artiste, 1776 and 1778, and in London and the chief provincial towns, 17981835: composed an oratorio and some songs; published Leicestershire Tales 1808.
^ William Linwood (1817–1878), classical scholar : entered Christ Church, Oxford, 1836: M.A., 1842: public examiner at Oxford, 1850-1; his best-known works, A Lexicon to.fischylus 1843, and Sophoclis Tragcediw 1846.
^ Lionel of Antwerp, EARL OF ULSTER and first DUKE OF CLARENCE (1338-1368), third son of Edward III; born at Antwerp; guardian and lieutenant of England during his father's absence, 1345 and 1346: created Earl of Ulster, 1347: married Elizabeth (rf. 1362), daughter of William de Burgh, third earl of Ulster, 1352; knighted, 1355; king's lieutenant in Ireland, 1361; created Duke of Clarence, 1362: met the parliament which drew up statute of Kilkenny, 1367; married at Milan, as his second wife, Violaute, daughter of Galeazzo Visconti, lord of Pavia, 1368; died at Alba,
^ Christopher Lipscomb (1781–1843), first bishop of Jamaica, 1824; son of William Lipscomb
^ George Lipscomb (1773–1846), historian of Buckinghamshire: studied surgery; house-surgeon of St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, 1792; captain commandant of the Warwickshire volunteer infantry, and deputy- recorder of Warwick, 1798: M.D. Aberdeen, 1801; joint-editor of the National Adviser 1811; contributed to theGentleman's Magazine his great work,The History and Antiquities of the County of Buckingham published in eight parts, 1831-47; published medical works.
^ William Lipscomb (1754–1842), miscellaneous writer; cousin of George Lipscomb; educated at Winchester and Corpus Christ! College, Oxford: M.A., 1784; published Poems (including translations of Italian sonnets), 1784, and "The Canterbury Tales of Chaucer completed in a Modern Version 1795.
^ Lisgar, first Baron (1807–1876). See Sir John Young.
^ Viscounts Lisle . See PLANTAGENET, ARTHUR, 1480?-1542; DUDLEY, JOHN, 1502 ?-1553; SIDNEY, ROBERT, first VISCOUNT of the Sidney family, 1563-1626; SIDNEY, ROBERT, second VISCOUNT, 1595-1677: SIDNEY, PHILIP, third VISCOUNT, 1619-1698.
^ Alice Lisle (1614?–1685), victim of a judicial murder; daughter of Sir White Beckenshaw; married John Lisle,1630; tried before Jeffreys for sheltering Monmouth's supporters at her house at Moyles Court; found guilty and beheaded at Winchester.
^ Sir George Lisle (4. 1648), royalist ; received his military education in the Netherlands; fought for Charles I in battles of Newbnry, 1643 and 1644, Cheriton, 1644, and Naseby, 1645; governor of Faringdon, 1644-6: hon. D.C.L. Oxford, 1645; knighted, 1645; defended Colchester, but was forced to surrender and shot as a rebel, 1648.
^ James George Semple Lisle (fl. 1799). See Semple.
^ John Lisle (1610?–1664), regicide ; educated at Magdalen Hall, Oxford; B.A., 1626; barrister, Middle Temple, 1633: bencher, 1649; M.P., Winchester, 1640; master of St. Cross Hospital, Winchester, 1644-9; one of the managers in Charles I's trial; appointed one of the commissioners of the great seal, and placed on the council of state, 1649: M.P., Southampton, 1654; held various offices in parliaments of 1654-9: commissioner of the admiralty and navy, 1660; at Restoration fled to Switzerland; murdered at Lausanne by an Irishman known as Thomas Macdonnell, really named Sir James Fitz Edmond Cotter. Alice Lisle was his second wife.
^ Samuel Lisle (1683–1749), successively bishop of St. Asaph and of Norwich: M.A. Wadham College, Oxford, 1706; received holy orders, 1707; chaplain to the Levant Company, 1710-19; archdeacon of Canterbury, 1724; prebendary of Canterbury, 1728; prolocutor of the lower house of convocation, 1734 and 1741; warden of Wadham College, Oxford, 1739-44: D.D., 173V* of St. Asaph, 1744-8, of Norwich, 1748-9; printed a few sermons and collected inscriptions during his Levant chaplaincy, printed in the Autiquitates Asiatics of Edmund Chishull, 1728.
^ Thomas Lisle (rf. 1361 X bishop of Ely ; called Lyle, Lylde, and Lyldus; educated in the Dominican house, Cambridge: joined the order of Predicant friars, and acquired celebrity as a preacher: bishop of Ely, 1S4; built churches in his diocese, and rendered material services to the University of Cambridge; at feud with Blanche, daughter of Henry, earl of Lancaster, and compelled to flee; died a refugee at Avignon,
^ William Lisle or L'Isle (1569? –1637), AngloS-axon scholar; of Eton and King's College, Cambridge; M.A, 1592; lived at Cambridge; a pioneer in the study of Anglo-Saxon; printed for the first time, with an English translation, the Treatise on the Old and New Testament," by Elfric Grammaticus; published a rhymed version of Heliodorus's Ethiopica 1631.
^ Edward Lister (1556–1620), physician ; brother of Sir Matthew Lister; of Eton and King's College, Cambridge; M.A., 1588; M.D., 1590; F.R.O.P., 1594, and treasurer, 1612-18; physician in ordinary to Queen Elizabeth and to James I.
^ Joseph Lister (1627–1709), puritan autobiographer; by turns trader, man-servant, and small farmer; his autobiography edited by Thomas Wright, 1842.
^ Joseph Jackson Lister (1786–1869), discoverer of the principle of the modern microscope; occupied in the wine trade; attempted to improve the object-glass, 1824; continued his investigations, 1826-7; discovered principle of construction of modern microscope, 1830; the first to ascertain the true form of the red corpuscle of mammalian blood, 1834; aided opticians in the construction of the microscope. His law of the aplanatic foci remains the guiding principle of microscopy.
^ Martin Lister (1638?–1712), zoologist ; nephew of Sir Matthew Lister: of St. John's College, Cambridge; fellow, 1660; M.A., 1662; F.R., 1671; practised medicine at York till 1683; removed to London, 1684; M.D. Oxford, 1684: published Historia sive Synopsis Methodica Conchyliorum 1686-92; F.R.C.P., 1687; censor, 1694: accompanied Earl of Portland on his embassy to Paris, and published an account of his journey, 1698. His contributions to thePhilosophical Transactions (extending over Kos. 25-585) treat of plants, spiders, meteorology, minerals, molluscs, medicine, and antiquities.
^ Sir Matthew Lister (1571?–1656), physician ; M.A. Oriel College, Oxford; 1695; M.D. Basle, incorporated at Oxford, 1605, at Cambridge, 1608; F.R.C.P., 1607; physician to Anne, queen of James I, and to Charles I; knighted, 1636.
^ Thomas Lister , alias Butler (1559–1626?), Jesuit; entered the English college at Rome, 1679; joined Jesuits, 1583; D.D. Pont-a-Mousson, 1692; missioner in England, 1696; imprisoned at time of Gunpowder plot; banished, 1606; again in England, and professed of the four vows, 1610; superior of the Oxford district, 1621: author of aTreatise of Schism widely circulated in manuscript.
^ Thomas Lister (1597–1668), parliamentarian colonel; admitted to Gray's Inn, 1616; lieutenant-colonel in the parliamentary army and deputy-governor of Lincoln; M.P., Lincoln, 1647-56, and in 1659: member of the council of state, 1651; forbidden to hold office from 1660.
^ Thomas Lister (1810–1888), poet and naturalist ; assisted his father, a qunker gardener and small farmer: published Rustic Wreath, a collection of fugitive verses, 1834; visited the continent, 1838; postmaster of Barnsley, 1889-70; an enthusiastic naturalist, and constant attendant and contributor of papers at the British Association meetings.
^ Thomas Henry Lister (1800–1842), novelist and dramatist; Trinity College, (or inquiring into state of rwiooTand other instruction in Ireland, 1834, into the opportunities of religious worship and means of religious instruction hi Scotland, 1836; the first registrar-general of BngU"d and Wales, 1836; works include Granby (novel), 1 8S, Epicharis (a tragedy performed at Drury Lane. 1829). and The Life and Administration of Edward, flrst Earl of Clarendon 1887-8.
^ Henry Liston (1771–1836), writer on music; Htudiol for the ministry at Edinburgh University; of Ecclesmachan, Linlithgowshire, 1793-1830; inventor of the Eucharmonic organ, 1811; published Essay on Perfect Intonation 1812; conjunct clerk of the synod of Lothian and Tweeddale, 18.
^ John Liston (17767-1846), actor: master at the grammar school of St. Martin's, Leicester Square, London, 1799: his flrst effort* as an actor made in company with Stephen Kemble in north of England; played comic parts at Ha market Theatre, London, 1805, at Covent Garden, London, 1808-22, at Drury Lane, London, 1823, subsequently at Olympic, London; retired from the stage, 1837; played, among other parts, Polonius, Slender, Sir Andrew Aguecheek, Bottom, and Cloten.
^ Sir Robert Liston (1742-1836), diplomatist: educated at Edinburgh University; tutor to the sous of Sir Gilbert Elliot (1722-1777): minister plenipotentiary at Madrid, 1783-8; LL.D. Edinburgh, 1785; envoy extraordinary at Stockholm, 1788-93: ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary, Constantinople, 17931796; ambassador extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary, Washington, 1796-1802; envoy extraordinary and plenipotentiary to the Batavian republic, 1802-4; ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary, Constantinople, 1811-21; privy councillor, 1812; G.C.B. (civil), 1816.
^ Robert Liston (1794–1847), surgeon; son of Henry Liston; entered Edinburgh University, 1808: assistant to Dr. John Barclay (1758-1826); house-surgeon at Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, 1814-16: M.H.C.S., 1816; worked in Edinburgh as teacher of anatomy and operating surgeon, 1818-28: surgeon to the hospital attached to the London University, 1834; professor of clinical surgery. University College, London, 1885; FJUS., 1841; a skilful operator; best known in connection with theListen splint chief works,The Elements of Surgery 1831-2, and Practical Surgery 1837.
^ Mrs Harriett Litchfield (1777–1854) actress; nee Hay; made her first appearance on the stage, 1791; married John Litchfleld (d. 1858) of the privy council office, 1794; acted at Covent Garden from 1797; retired after 1812; her best part Emilia in Othello.
^ William Lithgow (1582–1645?), traveller ; made voyages to the Orkneys and Shetlands: travelled in Germany, Bohemia, Helvetia, and the Low Countries; claimed to have tramped over 36,000 miles in Europe, Asia, Africa, 1610-13; made other journeys, 1614-19 and 1620-2; walked from London to Edinburgh, 1627; journeyed in England, Scotland, and Holland, 1628-44; chief work, The Total Discourse of the Rare Aduentures and painfull Peregrinations of long nineteene Yeares 1614.
^ Nicolas Litlington or Littlington (1116 ?-1386), successively prior and abbot of Westminster Abbey: prior of Westminster, 1352; abbot, 1362; built the Jerusalem Chamber; assisted at the coronation of Kichard II, 1377.
^ John Litster or Le Litester (d. 1381), 'king of the commons'; led the 'rustics and ribalds' of Norfolk, 1381; assumed the royal title as king of the cornmoos 1881; taken at the battle of North Walsham and Hanged, beheaded, and quartered at the command of Henry le Despenser, bishop of Norwich.
^ Sir Joseph Littledale (1767-1842) judge; M.A., St. John's College, Cambridge, 1790: barrister, Gray Inn, 1798; counsel to tlie University of Cambridge 1813; edited Skeltou's Magnyfyeence, an Interlude 1821; judge in the court of king's bench, 1824-41; knighted, 1824; privy councillor, 1841.
^ Richard Frederick Littledale (1833–1890), Anglican controversialist: M.A. Trinity Collet.-, Dublin, 1858; LL.D., 1862: held curacies in England, but devoted himself mainly to literary work; published v,..rk in support of Anglicanism in opposition to Roman Catholicism, 1887-89.
^ Sir John Hunter Littler (1783-1856), lieutenant-general, Indian army: lieutenant, 10th Bengal infantry, 1800; served in the campaigns under Lord Lake, 1804-5; in Java, 1811-16; captain, 1812; commissary general in the Marquis of Hastings's army, 1816-24; major, 1824; colonel, 36th Bengal native infantry, 18391856; major-general, 1841; commander of the Agra division of the Bengal army, 1843; K.C.B., 1844; served in the Sikh war, 1845; G.O.B. and deputy governor of Bengal, 1849; lieutenant-general, 1851.
^ Adam Littleton (1627–1694), lexicographer: educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford; second master at Westminster, 1658; rector of Chelsea, 1669; chaplain to Charles II, 1670; published A Latin Dictionary in four parts 1673; prebendary of Westminster, 1674.
^ Sir Edward Littleton , first Baron Littleton (1589-1645), educated at Christ Church, Oxford; B.A., 1609; barrister, Inner Temple, 1617; chief-justice of North Wales, 1621; M.P., Leominster, 1625-6 and 1627-8; helped to frame the Petition of Right, 1628; bencher of his inn, 1629; recorder of London, 1631; reader to the Inner Temple, 1632; solicitor-general, 1634; knighted, 1635; chief-justice of the common pleas, 1640; lord keeper, 1641; created Baron Littleton, 1641; D.C.L. Oxford, 1643.
^ Edward Littleton (fl. 1694), agent for the island of Barbados; educated at Westminster and St. Mary Hall, Oxford; B.A., 1644; fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, 1647; M.A., 1648; senior proctor, 1656; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1664: went to Barbados as secretary to Lord Willoughby of Parham, 1666; judge, 16701683; elected member of the assembly, 1674; agent for Barbados, 1683; published tracts on the colonies, finance, and general politics, 1664-94.
^ Edward Littleton (d. 1733), divine and poet : educated at Eton and King's College, Cambridge; B.A., 1720; LL.D. comitiis regiis, 1728; assistant-master at Eton, 1720; M.A., 1724; a royal chaplain, 1730: his poems published in Dodsley's Collection (edited 1782), the most celebrated being On a Spider; two volumes of sermons published, 1735.
^ Edward John Littleton , first Baron Hatherton (1791–1863), of Rugby and Brasenose College, Oxford; M.P., Staffordshire, 1812-32; created D.C.L. Oxford, 1817; supported Reform Bill: M.P., South Staffordshire, 1832 and 1836; chief secretary to the lord-lieutenant of Ireland, 1833: privy councillor, 1833; supported new Coercion Bill, 1834, but resigned office in consequence of having made indiscreet communications to O'Connell, 1834; created Baron Hatherton of Hatherton, 1835; began his political career as member of the independent country party, and ended it as a whig.
^ Henry Littleton (1823–1888), music publisher ; entered music publishing house of Novello, 1841; manager, 1846; partner, 1861; sole proprietor, 1866; retired, leaving largest business of the kind in the world, 1887.
^ James Littleton (d. 1723), vice-admiral ; grandnephew of Sir Thomas Littleton (1647 ?-1710); present as first lieutenant at the battle of La Hogue, 1692; captain, 1693; on the Newfoundland station, 16961697; in the East Indies acting against pirates, 1699; present at Alicante, 1706; in the West Indies, 1709-12; resident commissioner and commander-in-chief at Chatham, 1715; rear-admiral of the red, 1716: vice-admiral of the blue, 1717; M.P., Queensborough, 1722.
^ Sir Thomas Littleton (1402–1481), judge and legal author: sheriff of Worcestershire, 1447; serjeunt-utlaw, 1453; king's Serjeant, 1455; justice of the common pleas, 1466; K.B., 1475. His fame rests on his treatise on Tenures written in law-French, and his text, with Coke's comment (see Coke, Sir Edward), long remained the principal authority on English real property law; the editio princeps is a folio published in London without date or title.
^ Sir Thomas Littleton, third baronet (1647?–1710), shaker of the House of Commons and treasurer of the navy; educated at St. Edmund Hall, Oxford; entered Inner Temple, 1671; succeeded to his father's baronetcy, 1681; M.P., Woodstock, 1609-1702; an active whig; a lord of the admiralty, 1697; speaker of the House of Commons, 1698-1700; treasurer of the navy, 1701-10; M.P., Castle Rising, Norfolk, 1702, Chichester, 1707, Portsmouth, 170N-10.
^ William Edensor Littlewood (1831–1886), miscellaneous writer; of Merchant Taylors School and Pembroke College, Cambridge: B.A., 1854; ordained, 1858: M.A., 1860; published theological and historical works.
^ William of Littlington (d. 1312). See William.
^ Marie Litton (1847–1884), actress ; her real name Lowe; first appeared on the stage, 1868; managed the Court Theatre, 1871-4, the Imperial Theatre, 1878, and; the Theatre Royal, Glasgow, 1880; made her reputation in old comedy in such parts as Lady Teazle, Lydia I Languish, and Miss Hardcastle.
^ Liulf or Ligulf (d. 1080), Anglo-Saxon nobleman : friend of Walcher, bishop of Durham; excited envy of bishop's chaplain, Leobwine, by whom he was murdered.
^ Edward Lively (1545?–1605), Hebrew professor at Cambridge; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1572; regius professor of Hebrew. 1575; prebendary of Peterborough, 1602; one of the translators of the authorised version, 1604; published A true Chronologic of the... Persian Monarchic 1597, and other works,
^ Earls of Liverpool . See JENKINSON, CHARLES, first EARL, 1727-1808; JENKINSON, ROBERT BANKS, second EARL, 1770-1828; JENKINSON, CHARLES CECIL COPE, third EARL, 1784-1851.
^ Henry Liverseege (1803–1832), painter; lived chiefly in Manchester; painted subject-pictures.
^ Richard Livesay (d. 1823?), portrait and landscape painter; exhibited portraits and domestic subjects at Royal Academy, 1776-1821; copied pictures at Windsor for Benjamin West, and taught some of the royal children drawing, 1790: drawing-master to the Royal Naval College, Portsmouth, 1796.
^ James Livesey (1625?–1682), divine; vicar of Great Budworth, Cheshire, 1657-82; published some scholarly sermons.
^ Joseph Livesey (1794–1884), temperance advocate and philanthropist; brought out The Moral Reformer, a magazine, 1831-3 and 1838-9; issued the Preston Temperance Advocate the first teetotal publication in England, 1834; managed the Preston G uardian 1844-59; theTeetotal Progressionist 1851-2,The Staunch Teetotaler 1867-9; published an autobiography, 1881.
^ Sir Michael Livesey , first baronet (1611–1663?), regicide; created baronet, 1627: M.P., Queensborough, Kent, 1645; signed Charles I's death-warrant; commissioner of the admiralty and navy, 1660; escaped to the Low Countries at the Restoration.
^ Living, Lyfing, ELFSTAN, or ETHELSTAN (d. 1020), archbishop of Canterbury; bishop of Wells, 999; appointed to Canterbury by Ethelred the Unready , 1013; crowned Edmund Ironside, 1016, and Canute, 1017.
^ Living or Lyfing (d. 1046), bishop of Crediton ; abbot of Tavistock, Devonshire: accompanied Canute q. v.l to Rome, and brought back his famous letter to the English people; bishop of Crediton, 1027; bishop of Worcester, holding the see in plurality, 1038, the see of Cornwall being merged with that of Crediton, c. 1043.
^ Sir Alexander Livingstone (d. 1450?). of iill.-iidar; guardian ot James II of Scotland; aided James I of Scotland's widow in foiling Sir William Crighton, 1439 and 1443: justiciary of Scotland, 1449; fell into disgrace and was imprisoned.
^ Alexander Livingstone , seventh Baronet Livingstone and first Earl of Linlithgow (d. 1622), eldest son of William Livingstone, sixth baron; supported Mary Queen of Scots; lord of the bedchamber, 1580; succeeded his father, 1592; commissioner of taxation, 1594: guardian of Princess Elizabeth, 1596-1603; privy councillor, 1598; created Earl of Linlithgow, Lord Livingstone and Callendar, 1600.
^ Charles Livingstone (1821–1873), missionary and traveller: brother of David Livingstone: emigrated to America and became a missionary, 1840: joined his brother in his African expeditions, 1867-68; appointed English consul at Fernando Po, 1864; the Bight* of Benin and Biafra added to his district, 1867; died near Lagos.
^ Charlotte Maria Livingstone, Countess of Newburgh (d. 1755). See Charlotte Maria Radcliffe.
^ David Livingstone (1813–1873), African missionary and explorer; educated himself while working at a cotton factory near Glasgow; attended the medical class at Anderson College and lectures at Glasgow University, 1832; entered the service of the London Missionary Society, studied medicine and science in London: embarked as a missionary for the Cape of Good Hope, 1840; made journeys into the interior, 1841, 1842, and 1843; discovered Lake Ngami, 1849, and the Zambesi in the centre of the continent, 1851; made great exploring expedition from Cape Town northwards through Westcentral Africa to Luanda and back to Quilimane 18621856; visited England, 1856; D.C.L. Oxford and F.R.S.; published his missionary travels, and severed bis connection with the London Missionary Society, 1857; consul at Quilimane, 1858-64; commanded expedition to explore Eastern and Central Africa, 1858; discovered lakes Shirwa and Nyasa, 1859; lost his wife at Shupanga, 1862; visited England, 1864; published "The Zambesi and Its Tributaries 1865; started on expedition to solve the question of the Nile basin, 1865; discovered Lake Bangweolo, 1868; reached Ujiji, 1869; explored the cannibal country, enduring great sufferings, and returned, almost dying, to Ujiji, where he was rescued by Stanley, 1871; reached Unyanyembe, 1872; made further explorations to discover the sources of the Nile, and died at a village in the country of Ilala; buried in Westminster Abbey, 1874.
^ George Livingstone , third Earl of Linlithgow (1616-1690), eldest son of Alexander Livingstone, second earl of Linlithgow; M.P., Perthshire, 1654-6; privy councillor, 1660; major-general of the forces in Scotland, 1677-9; justice-general, 1684; deprived of the justice-generalship at the Revolution.
^ George Livingstone , fourth Earl of Linlithgow(1652?-1695), eldest son of George Livingstone, third earl of Linlithgow; supported his father against the covenanters; attempted to support King James, 1689; succeeded his father, 1690; privy councillor and commissioner of the treasury, 1692.
^ Sir James Livingstone of Barncloich, first Viscount Kilsyth (1616–1661),a devoted loyalist; raised to the peerage of Scotland as Viscount Kilsyth and Lord Campsie, 1661.
^ Sir James Livingstone , of Kinnaird, first EARL OF NEWBURGH (d. 1670), gentleman of the bedchamber to Charles I, and created Viscount Newbtirgh, 1647: joined Charles II at the Hague, 1650: accompanied Charles's expedition to England, 1651: escaped to France after the battle of Worcester, 1651; captain of the guards, 1660; created Earl of Newburgh, Viscount Kinnaird, and Baron Livingstone of Flacraig, 1660.
^ James Livingstone, first Earl of Callendar (d. 1674), third son of Alexander Livingstone, first earl of Linlithgow; saw military service abroad; knighted before 1629; created Baron Livingstone of Almond, 1633: accepted office from the covenanters, but secretly favoured Charles I,who created him Earl of Callander, Baron Livingstone and Almond, 1G41; appointed lieutenant-general of the Engagement army raised to liberate the king; escaped to Holland on its failure; took an active part in parliament, 1661-72.
^ John Livingstone (1603–1672), Scottish divine ; educated at Glasgow University; licensed to preach, 16SS; banished at the Restoration, 1660; died at Rotterdam; hU Life first published, 1754.
^ Sir Thomas Livingstone, first Viscount of Teviot (1668? –1711), lieutenant-general; born in Holland; succeeded as second baronet; came to England with William of Orange, 1688; appointed colonel of the 1688; commander-in-chief in privy councillor, 1690; major-general on establishment, 1696; created Viscount of Teviot In the peerage of Scotland, 1696; lieutenantgeneral, 1704.
^ William Livingstone , sixth Baron Livingstone (f. 1&92), partisan of Queen Mary ; succeeded to barony, 1653; fought for Mary Queen of Scots at Langside, and accompanied her in her flight, 1568; Mary's agent in England, 1570; advised the king to abolish the regency, 1577.
^ Livingus (d. 1046).
^ Saint Livinus (d. 656?), known as the 'Apostle of Brabant'; the proof of his existence rests on an epistle and epitaph which he is said to have written; according to late authorities he was of Scottish or Irish race, and an archbishop of Ireland, who went to Ghent, 633, and was martyred at Escha.
^ Titus Livius (fl. 1437), historian; called himself Titus Livius de Frulovisiis, of Ferrara; came to England and found a patron in Humphrey, duke of Gloucester ; naturalised, 1437; his * Vita Henrici Quinti, Regis Invictissimi edited by Hearne, 1716.
^ Barons Lixnaw . See FITZMAURICE, PATRICK, 1551 ?-1600; FITZMAURICE, THOMAS, 1502-1590; FITZMAURICK, THOMAS, 1574-1630.
^ John Lizars (1787?–1860), surgeon : educated at Edinburgh University; his best-known work, A System of Anatomical Plates of the Human Body, with Descriptions 1822; professor of surgery in the Royal College of Surgeons, Edinburgh, 1831.
^ William Home Lizars (1788–1859), painter and engraver; brother of John Lizars; learnt engraving from his father; studied painting at Trustees Academy, Edinburgh; carried on the engraving business after his father's death, 1812; perfected method of etching for book illustration.
^ David Llewelyn (d. 1415). See Gam.
^ Thomas Llewelyn (1720?–1793), baptist minister; published anHistorical Account of the British or Welsh Veiwons and Editions of the Bible 1768; prominent in establishment of baptist mission in North Wale*, 1776.
^ Sion Lleyn (1749–1817). See Sion.
^ William Lleyn (1630?-1587). See Owen.
^ Bartholomew Lloyd (1772–1837), provost of Trinity College, Dublin: educated at Trinity College, Dublin: M.A., 1796; D.D., 1808; Erasmus Smith's professor of mathematics, 1813; regius professor of Greek, 1821, 1828, and 1825: Erasmus Smith's professor of natural and experimental philosophy, 1822; king's lecturer in divinity, 1823 and 1827; provost, 1831-7president of the Royal Irish Academy, 1836; Lloyd Exhibitions founded In his memory, 1839.
^ Charles Lloyd or Floyd (d. 1661), royalist; brother of Sir Godfrey Lloyd or Floyd; quartermaster. general of the king's army, 1644; knighted, 1644.
^ Charles Lloyd (1735–1773), secretary to George Grenville; of Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1761; secretary to George Grenville. 1763; deputy-teller of the exchequer, 1767; published political pamphlets in Grenville's interest, 1763-7.
^ Charles Lloyd (1748–1828), quaker ; philanthropist; banker of Birmingham; a pioneer in the movement for the emancipation of slaves; published translations from Homer and Horace.
^ Charles Lloyd (1766–1829), dissenting minister and schoolmaster; held ministries in England till 1793; pastor in Cardiganshire and Suffolk; LL.D. Glasgow, 1809; opened school in London, 1811; chief work,Particulars in the Life of a Dissenting Minister (autobiography), 1813.
^ Charles Lloyd (1784–1829), bishop of Oxford ; of Eton and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1809; mathematical lecturer, tutor, and censor, Christ Church, Oxford; preacher of Lincoln's Inn, 1819-22; regius professor of divinity, Oxford, 1822-9; bishop of Oxford, 1827-9; the first to publish theBook of Common Prayer with red-lettered rubrics, 1829.
^ Charles Lloyd (1775 - 1839), poet ; son of Charles Lloyd (1748-1828); published poems, 1795; lived with Coleridge, 1796-7; his poems appended to an edition of Coleridge's poems, along with verses by Charles Lamb, 1797; cultivated Lamb's society; his Desultory Thoughts in London published, 1821; became insane; died at Chaillot near Versailles.
^ Charles Dalton Clifford Lloyd (1844-1891) servant of the crown; grandson of Bartholomew Lloyd; educated at Sandhurst; in police force in British Burmah, 1862-72; resident magistrate for co. Down, 1874; employed to restore order in co. Longford, 1881;concerted scheme (1881) for vigorous administration of Protection of Person and Property Act; inspector-general of reforms to khedive of Egypt, 1883; undersecretary at the home office in Egypt; resigned (1884) because his schemes for prison reform were not supported; again resident magistrate in Ireland, 1885; lieutenantgovernor of Mauritius, 1885-7; consul for Kurdistan, 1889; died at Erzeroum, 1891; his Ireland under the Land League, a Narrative of Personal Experiences published, 1892.
^ David Lloyd (1597–1663), author of the 'Legend of Captain Jones; educated at Hart Hall, Oxford: B.A., 1615; fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, 1618; D.C.L., 1628; canon of Chester, 1639; remembered by his popular jeu d'esprit, The Legend of Captain Jones, a burlesque on the adventures of an Elizabethan searover named Jones, 1631.
^ David Lloyd (1635–1692), biographer; M.A. Merton College, Oxford, 1659: reader in the Charterhouse, London, 1659; chaplain to Isaac Barrow, bishop of St. Asaph; published The Statesmen and Favourites of England since the Reformation 1665 and 1670; his memoirs of royalist sufferers published, 1668.
^ David Lloyd (d. 1714?), captain in the navy, 1677; employed by James II as agent and emissary during the reign of William III; retired into private life after James's death.
^ David Lloyd (1752–1838), divine and poet; took holy orders, 1778; his Characteristics of Men, Manners, and Sentiments, on the Voyage of Life 1812, an imitation of Young; published Horse Theologicae 1823.
^ Edward Lloyd (d. 1648?). See Floyd.
^ Edward Lloyd (!. 1688–1726), coffee-house keeper, from whom the great commercial corporation known as Lloyd's derives its name; his coffee-house in Lombard Street the centre of shipbroking and marine insurance business, 1692; issued Lloyd's News a shipping and commercial chronicle, 1696-7, revived as Lloyd's Lists 1726, and still continued.
^ Edward Lloyd (d. 1847), captain of the Gambia River; captain in the royal African corps, 1804-12; regarded as the founder of the Gambia River settlement, where he died.
^ Edward Lloyd (1815–1890), founder of Lloyd's Weekly London Newspaper sold books and published cheap literature in London; issued Lloyd's Penny Weekly Miscellany 1842-4, continued as Lloyd's Entertaining Journal till 1847; first issued Lloyd's Weekly London Newspaper 1842; bought the Daily Chronicle 1876.
^ Evan Lloyd (1734–1776), poet; M.A. Jesus College, Oxford, 1757: published The Powers of the Pen, an attack on Warburton and Johnson, 1765, The Curate 1766, and The Methodist, for which latter satire he underwent imprisonment for libel; friend of Wilkes and Garrick.
^ George Lloyd (1560–1615), bishop of Chester: fellow of Magdalene College, Cambridge: rector of Heswellin-Wirrall, Cheshire, and divinity reader in Chester Cathedral; bishop of Sodor and Man, 1600, of Chester, 1604; held livings in addition to his sees.
^ Sir Godfrey Lloyd or Floyd (fl. 1667), military engineer; brother of Sir Charles Lloyd or Floyd; captain in the Dutch service; knighted by Charles II.
^ John Lloyd (d. 1682), poet; brother of Lloyd; M.A. Wadham College, Oxford, 1669; published a Paraphrase of the Song of Solomon,.
^ John Lloyd (1688–1687), bishop of St. David's: of Merton College, Oxford; M.A., 1662; precentor of Llandaff, 1672; principal of Jesus College. Oxford, 1673: D.D., 1674; vice-chancellor of Oxford 1682-5; bishop of St. David's, 1686.
^ John Augustus Lloyd (1800–1864), engineer and surveyor; served ou the staff of Simon Bolivar, the liberator of Colombia, as a captain of engineers: surveyed Isthmus of Panama, 1827; F.R.S., 1830; colonial civil engineer and surveyor-general in Mauritius, 1831-49; British charge d'affaires, Bolivia, 1851; died at Therapia.
^ Julius Lloyd (1830–1892), divine and author: 1657; chief engineer of ports, castles, and fortifications in 1 M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1856: canon of ManEngland, 1661-7. Chester, 1891: author of sermons and essays.
^ Hannibal Evans Lloyd (1771–1847), philologist and translator: son of Henry Humphrey Evans Lloyd
^ Ludovic Lloyd (Lodowick or Lewis) (fl. 1573-1610) poet and compiler; 'Seargeant at Armes' to Queen Elizabeth and James I; author of The Pilgrimage of Princes compiled from Greek and Latin author?, 1673. and other compilations and poems, mainly treating of Collectanea Curiosa
^ Nathaniel Lloyd (1669–1745), master of Trinity Hall, Cambridge; son of Sir Richard Lloyd (1634I 1686); of St. Paul's School, London, and Trinity College, Oxford: fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, 1689; D.C.L., 1696; member of the College of Advocates, 1696; knighted, 1710; master of Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 1710-35; king's advocate, 1716-27.
^ Nicholas Lloyd (1630–1680), historical compiler; educated at Winchester and Hart Hall and Wadhani I College, Oxford; M.A., 1658; university rhetoric reader, 1666; sub-warden of Wadham College, 1666 and 1670; published a Dictionarium Historicum 1670.
^ Henry Lloyd, or Henry Humphrey Evans (1720?-1783), historian and soldier: engineer in the Yonng Pretender's expedition to Scotland, 1745; distinguished himself at the siege of Bergen-op-Zoom, 1747, and was made major in the French army, 1747; served first on Austrian side, and afterwards ou Prussian side, in the seven yearswar; in the Russian service, 1774; occupied himself with literary work, 1779-83; died at Hay. Belgium: chief works, History of the War between the King of Prussia and the Empress of Germany and her Allies (vol. i. 1766, vols. ii. and iii. 1782), and A Political and Military Rhapsody on the Defence of Great Britain 1779.
^ Hugh Lloyd (1546–1601), master of Winchester College; educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford: B.A., 1566: chancellor of Rochester, 1578; master of Winchester, 1580-7: D.C.L., 1588; Latin phrase-book by him published, 1654.
^ Hugh Lloyd (1586–1667), bishop of Llandaff : M.A. Oriel College, Oxford, 1614; held various livings in Wales, 1617-44: D.D., 1638: a staunch royalist: his benefices sequestered during the civil wars: canon and archdeacon of St. David's, 1644; bishop of Llandaff, 1660-7.
^ Humphrey Lloyd (1610–1689), bishop of Bangor : educated at Jesus and Oriel Colleges, Oxford: M.A., 1635: prebendary of York, 1660: dean of St. Asaph, 1663-74; bishop of Bangor, 1674-89.
^ Humphrey Lloyd (1800-1881), provost of Trinity College, Dublin, and man of science; son of Bartholomew Lloyd; B.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1819: junior fellow, 1824; M.A., 1827; Erasmus Smith's professor of i published theological works. natural and experimental philosophy, 1831-43: president of Royal Irish Academy, 1846-51; D.C.L. Oxford, 1855; vice-provost, 1862: provost, 1867; published treatises on optics and magnetism, embodying his discoveries.
^ Jacob Youde William Lloyd (1816–1887), genealogist; son of Jacob William Hinde, but assumed name of Lloyd on succeeding to estates, 1857; M.A. Wadham College, Oxford, 1874: convert to Roman Catholicism; served in the pontifical Zouaves; published genealogical works.
^ John Lloyd, Floyd, or Flud (d. 1623), composer: took a musical degree at Oxford; attended Henry VIII at the Field of the Cloth of Gold, 1520: his extant compositions in the British Museum Addit. MSS.
^ John Lloyd (1568–1603), classical scholar; brother of Hugh Lloyd (1646-1601); of Winchester and New College, Oxford; perpetual fellow, 1679-96; M.A., 1585; edited, with Latin translation and notes, Flavii Josephi de Maccabaeis liber 1690; D.D., 1595: vicar of Writtle, Essex, 1598-1603.
^ Richard Lloyd (1595–1659), royalist divine; educated at Oriel College, Oxford; B.D., 1628; on outbreak of civil law deprived of his preferments and imprisoned.
^ Sir Richard Lloyd (1606–1676), royalist; entered Inner Temple, 1631: attended Charles I in the north, 1639; attorney-general for North Wales and knighted, 1642; justice of Glamorganshire, Brecknockshire, and Radnorshire, 1660; M.P., Radnorshire, 1661. ment in London foreign office, 1813-47; published annals of Hamburg for 1813, 1818; his Theoretisch-praktische Englische Sprachlehre flir Deutsche* (1833) long the standard grammar in several German universities; published translations from various European languages.
^ Sir Richard Lloyd (1634–1686), judge; fellow of All Souls College, Oxford: D.C.L., 1662; advocate at DoctorsCommons, 1664; admiralty advocate, 1674-86; chancellor of the dioceses of Llandaff and Durham; knighted, 1677; M.P., Durham, 1679-81 and 1686; dean of the arches, 1684-6; judge of the high court of admiralty, 1686-6.
^ Richard Lloyd (d. 1834), divine; educated at Magdalene College, Cambridge; M.A. and fellow, 1790;
^ Ridgway Robert Syers Christian Codner Lloyd (1842–1884), physician and antiquary : M.R.C.S. and L.S.A., 1866; published An Account of the Altars, Monuments, and Tombs in St. Albans Abbey 1873, and wrote many archaeological papers.
^ Robert Lloyd (1733–1764), poet; of Westminster and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1758; published 'The Actor 1760, and a collection of poems. 1762: edited the St. James's Magazine 1762-3: imprisoned for debt; drudged for the booksellers; his comic opera, The Capricious Lovers performed, 1764; friend of Churchill, Garrick, and Wilkes.
^ Simon Lloyd (1766–1836), Welsh methodist ; M.A. Jesus College, Oxford, 1779; associated binwelf with the Calvinistic methodist movement after 1788; edited the Welsh magazine Y Drysorfa 1814: published a biblical chronology, 1816, and a commentary on the Apocalypse, 1828, both In Welsh.
^ Thomas Lloyd (1784–1813), colonel : served in the Egyptian campaign, 1801; at Gibraltar, istn". captain, 1801; served at Copenhagen and throughout the Peninsular campaigns, 1808-10; major, 1810; killed at battle
^ William Lloyd (1637–1710), nonjuring bishop of Norwich; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge; D.D. per literal region 1670; chaplain to the English Merchants Factory, Portugal: D.D., 1670; prebendary of St. Paul's, 1672-6; bishop of Llandaff, 1675-9, of Peterborough, 1679-85, of Norwich, 1685-91; deprived of bis office for refusing the oath of allegiance to William III, 1691.
^ William Lloyd (1627–1717), successively bishop of St. Asaph, of Lichfleld and Coventry, and of Worcester; son of Richard Lloyd (1595-1659); of Oriel and Jesus Colleges, Oxford; M.A., 1646; M.A. Cambridge, IMt; {.rvtiii;iry of Ripon, If,ii3: !).!., M7: prebondavy of Salisbury, 1667: archdeacon of Merioneth, 1668-72; dean of Banger and prebendary of St. Paul's, 1672; bishop of St. Asaph, 1680; tried with the six other bishops on the charge of publishing a seditious libel against the king and acquitted, 1688; bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, 1692, of Worcester, 1700; being half crazed by excessive study of the apocalyptic visions prophesied to Queen Anne, Barley, Evelyn, and Wbiston; a staunch supporter of the revolution and an excellent scholar; engaged Burnet to undertake The History of the Reformation of the Church of England and gave him valuable assistance; published sermons and controversial pamphlets.
^ William Forster Lloyd (1794–1852), mathematician; of Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1818; Greek reader, 1823; mathematical lecturer at Christ Church, Oxford, 1824; Drummond professor of political economy, 1832-7; F.R.S., 1834; published professorial lectures.
^ William Watkiss Lloyd (1813–1893), classical and Shakespearean scholar; partner in tobacco manufacturing business in London; retired, 1864; member of Society of Dilettanti, 1854: published History of Sicily, to the Athenian War 1872,The Age of Pericles 1875, The Moses of Michael Angelo 1863, Homer, his Art and Age 1848,Shakespeare's "Much Ado about Nothing" ... in fully recovered Metrical Form 1884 (he contended that Shakespeare's prose was disguised blank verse), and other miscellaneous works.
^ Martin Lluelyn or Lluellyn (1616–1682), poet, physician, and principal of St. Mary Hall, Oxford; of Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1643; joined the royal army; published Men Miracles, with other Poem; 1646; ejected from Oxford, 1648; physician in London; M.D. Oxford, 1653; F.R.C.P., 1659; principal of St. Mary Hall, 1660-4; physician at High Wycombe after 1664; mayor of High Wycombe, 1671.

[1] Alexander Leighton (1568–1649), physician and divine: studied at St. Andrews and Leyden universities: M.A. St. Andrews; publishedSpeculum Belli sacri, or the Looking Glass of the Holy War 1624, and An Appeal to the Parliament, or Sion's Plea against the Prelacie 1628; arrested and condemned by Star-chamber to mutilation and life-long imprisonment, 1630; released by Long parliament, 1640; keeper of Lambeth House, 1642.

[2] Alexander Leighton (1800–1874), editor of Tales of the Borders; edited and helped to write Tales of the Borders 1835-40; re-edited the complete Tales of the Borders 1857; published Romance of the Old Town of Edinburgh 1867.

[3] Charles Blair Leighton (1823–1855), artist ; painted portraits and figure-pieces; occasionally exhibited at the Royal Academy.

[4] Sir Elisha Leighton (d. 1685), courtier : son of Alexander Leighton (1568-1649); colonel in the royalist army; joined royalist party abroad after Charles I's execution; appointed by Charles secretary for English affairs in Scotland, 1650; knighted, 1669; F.R-S., 1663-77: one of the secretaries of the prize office, 1664; LL.D. Cambridge, 1666; secretary to the lordlieutenant of Ireland, 1670; recorder of Dublin, 167*.

[5] Frederic Leighton, Baron Leighton of Stretton (1830-1896) painter and president of the Royal Academy: educated at London and various continental towns; studied art at Florence, Frankfort, at Paris, again at Frankfort under Jobann Ediiard Steinle (1810-86), and at Rome; exhibited Cimabue's " Madonna " carried through Streets of Florence at Royal Academy, 1865: A.R.A., 1866; exhibitedVenus disrobing for the Bath 1866; lived in Holland Park Road from 1866: RJU 1869: made journey, 1873, to the East, which resulted in several oriental pictures: P.RJL, 1878-96: knighted, 1878; painted two wall-pictures in Victoria and Albert Museum, and walldecoration on canvas for Royal Exchange (finished, 1895): raised to peerage by patent dated 24 Jan. 1896, the day before his death: bon. D.C.L. Oxford, LL.D. Cambridge and Edinburgh, 1879; buried in St. Paul's Cathedral, where an elaborate monument wae erected. HisAddresses delivered to students of the Royal Academy appeared, 1896. Among his best work* areHercules wrestling with Death and The Summer Moon (1871-2), Athlete straggling with a Python (1877, sculpture), The Bath of Psyche(1WO),Peweua and Andromeda (1891), The Garden of the Hesperides (1892), and Wedded (1882).

[6] Henry Leighton, Lichton, or Lychton (d. 1440), bishop successively of Moray and Aberdeen; bishop of Moray, 1415, of Aberdeen, 1423; built a great part of Aberdeen Cathedral; employed on diplomatic missions.

[7] Henry Leighton (f. 1669), French scholar; educated in France: obtained Oxford M.A. by fraud, 1642; taught French at Oxford: published Linguae Gallicae addiacendae Regulae 1659.

[8] Robert Leighton (1611–1684), archbishop of Glasgow; son of Alexander Leighton (1568-1649); student at Edinbnrgh University, 1627; M.A., 1631; traTdled on the continent; licensed priest, 1641; a famous preacher; principal of Edinburgh University, 1653, and professor of divinity at Edinburgh; bishop of Dunblane, 1M1: archbishop of Glasgow, 1669-74; his sermons published, 1692-1708.

[9] Robert Leighton (1822–1869), Scottish poet; entered the office of his brother, a shipowner, 1837; went round the world as a supercargo, 1842-3; managed the business of a firm of seed- merchants, 1854-67; published poems in 1856, 1861, 1866; other poems by him, some in the vernacular, posthumously published.

[10] Sir William Leighton (fl. 1603–1614), poet and composer; published a poem in praise of James I, 1603; knighted, 1603; published the Teares or Lamentations of a sorrowful Soule 1613, and Musicall Ayres 1614.

[11] William Leighton (1841–1869), Scottish poet, nephew of Robert Leighton (1822-1869); employed in a Brazilian business house, 1864-9.Poems by the kite William Leighton appeared, 1870; and other volumes in 1872 and 1875.

[12] William Allport Leighton (1805–1889), botanist; educated at St. John's College. Cambridge; B.A., 1833; published Flora of Shropshire 1841, and other works, including Lichen Flora of Great Britain 1871.

[13] Dukes of Leinster . See Schomber, Meinhard, first Duke of the first creation, 1641–1719 ; FITZJames Gerald , first Duke of the second creation, 1722 177*.

[14] Earl of Leinster (1584?–1659). See Robert Cholmondeley.

[15] Thomas Leintwarden or Leyntwwardyn (d. 1421) chancellor of St. Paul's Cathedral, London; educated at Oxford; D.D. Oxford; chancellor of St. Paul's 1401; provost of Oriel College, Oxford, 1417-21; wrote commentary on St. Paul's Epistles.

[16] William Leighton Leitch (1804–1883), watercolour painter; scene-painter at the Theatre Royal, Glasgow, 1824, and lateral the Queen's Theatre, London; a successful teacher of drawing and water-colours; drawing-master to Queen Victoria and the royal family for twenty-two years; member of the Institute of Painters in Water-colours, 1862; the last of the great English teachers of landscape-painting.

[17] Alexander Leith (1758–1838). See Alexander Leith Hay.

[18] Sir James Leith (1763-1816) lieutenant-general; educated at Aberdeen and Lille; served in Toulons operations, 1793; colonel, 1794: brigadier-general, 1804; preSSiVr l 2 t %i ? rUt 1809: wlth Pe toular army, 2: K.B 1813: heutenant-general, 1813; command tf forces in Ue*t Indies and governor of the Leeward islands, 1814; Q.C.B., 1816; died at Barbados.

[19] Theodore Forbes Leith(1746-1819), physician; Edinburgh University; M.D. 1768; ; LAC.P., 1788.

[20] Henry Le Keux (1787-1868), engraver; brother mi* r eux tq. v.; apprenticed to James Basire 2Si } Cq V-1: engraved for fashionable annuals.

[21] '^ John Le Keux (1783-1846), engraver; apprenticed to James Basire (1730-1802); engraved plates for tbe architectural publications of John Britton, Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin, John Preston Neale, and similar works.

[22] '^ John Henry Le Keux (1812-1896), architectural engraver and draughtsman; son of John Le Keux ; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1853-65; engraved plates for Raskin'sModern PaintersandStones of Venice

[23] Robert Lekprevick (ft. 1661–1588), Scottish printer; principal printer for the reform party in Scotland; king's printer, 1568-88; imprisoned for printing a pamphlet which reflected on the Regent Morton, 1574.

[24] John Leland or Leylond, the elder (d. 1428), grammarian; taught as a grammarian at Oxford; wrote grammatical works in Latin.

[25] John Leland or Leyland (1506?–1552), tbe earliest of modern English antiquaries; educated at St. Paul's School, London, and Christ's College, Cambridge; B.A., 1522; studied at Paris; took holy orders; library keeper to Henry VIII before 1530; king's antiquary, 1533; made an antiquarian tour through England, 1534-43; intended his researches to be the basis of a great work on the History and Antiquities of this Nation; in A New Year's Gift 1545, described to the king the manner and aims of his researches; became insane, 1550. Leland's Itinerary was first published at Oxford in nine volumes, 1710, and his Collectanea in six, 1715.

[26] John Leland (1691–1766), divine; a nonconformist minister; D.D. Aberdeen, 1739; attacked the deists in A View of the principal Deistical Writers that have appeared in England during the last and present Century 1754-6, and other works.

[27] Thomas Leland (1722–1785), historian; entered Trinity College, Dublin, 1737; B.A., 1741; fellow, 1746; published Latin translation of the Philippics of Demosthenes, 1754, and English translation, 1754-61; published i the History of Philip, King of Macedon 1758; presented the Irish manuscript chronicle, Annals of Loch Ce to Trinity College Library, 1766; vicar of St. Anne's, Dublin, 1773; D.D.; published History of Ireland from the Invasion of Henry II, with a preliminary Discourse on the ancient State of that Kingdom 1773.

[28] Sir Peter Lely (1618–1680), portrait-painter; born at Soest by Amersfoort, near Utrecht; studied at Haarlem; came to England, 1641; introduced to Charles I, 1647; painted Charles I's portrait during his captivity at Hampton Court; painted Cromwell and enjoyed considerable private practice under him; in high favour with Charles II; painted portraits of the beauties of Charles IPs court, and of the admirals and commanders in the naval victory at Solebay, 1665; knighted, 1679.

[29] Sir John Leman (1544–1632), lord mayor of London; alderman, 1605; sheriff, 1606; lord mayor, 1616-17, and knighted, 1617.

[30] Thomas Leman (1751–1826), antiquary ; educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge; B.A., 1774: fellow of Clare Hall, Cambridge; M.A., 1778; Dixie (bye) fellow of Emmanuel College, 1783; chancellor of Oloyne, 17961802; visited every Roman and British road and station in Great Britain, and communicated his observations to county historians; F.S.A., 1788.

[31] Sir Denis Le Marchant, first baronet (1796-1874), politician; son of John Gaspard le Marchant ; educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1823; clerk of the crown in chancery, 1834; edited a highly successful pamphlet, The Reform Ministry and the Reform Parliament 1834; secretary to the board of trade, 1836-41; created baronet, 1841; liberal M.P., Worcester, 1846-7; under-secretary for the home department, 1847; secretary of the board of trade, 1848; chief clerk to the House of Commons, 1860-71; edited Walpole's Memoirs of the reign of George III 1846.

[32] John Gaspard Le Marchant (1766-1812), major-general; ensign, 1781; intimate with George III; in Flemish campaigns, 1793-4; major, 1795: devised a system of cavalry sword-exercise, and suggested pattern for improved sword; lieutenant-colonel, 1797; projected schools of instruction for officers, which were the beginnings of Sandhurst; lieutenant-governor of the echonK 1801-10; major-general in the Peninsula, 1810-12; mortally wounded at Salamanca, 1812; wrote on military subjects.

[33] Sir John Gaspard Le Marchant (1803-1874), lieutenant-general, colonial administrator; son of John Gaspard le Marchant; ensign, 1820: major in the new 98th foot, 1832; served at the Oapc, 1832: as brigadier-Kem-rul in the Carlist war, 1835-7; lieutenant-governor of Newfoundland, 1847-52, of Nova Scotia, 1852-7; governor of Malta, 1859-64; G.O.M.G., 1860; commander-in-chief at Madras, 1865-8; K.C.B., 1865.

[34] LBalthasar Van Lemens (1637–1704). See Van Lemens.

[35] Havilland Le Mesurier (1758-1806), commissary-general; son of John Le Mesurier; adjutant commissary-general of stores, supplies, and storage to the forces on the continent, 1793; with the army during winter retreat through Holland, 1794-6; serval later in Egypt, Malta, Naples, and elsewhere: published pamphlets on commissariat matters.

[36] Havilland Le Mesurier (1783-1813), lieutenant-colonel; son of Havilland Le Mesurier (17681806): educated at Westminster; ensign, 1801; served under Sir John Moore in Sweden and at Corufta; brevet lieutenant-colonel, 1811; commandant-of Almeida, 1811; shot in the battle of the Pyrenees; translated French military works.

[37] John Le Mesurier (1781-1843), major-general, last hereditary governor of Alderney: nephew of Havilland Le Mesurier (1783-1813); ensign, 1794; served in Ireland, 1798; at the occupation of Messina, 1799-1800 1; in Egypt, 1801; govenior of Alderney, 1803-24.

[38] Paul Le Mesurier (1755-1805), lord mayor of London; brother of Havilland Le Mesurier (1768-1806) ; as a proprietor of the East India Company opposed Fox's India bill, 1783; M.P., Southwark, 1783; sheriff, 1787; colonel of the honourable artillery company, 1794; lord mayor, 1794.

[39] Abraham Le Moine (d. 1757), theological controversialist; probably son of a Huguenot refugee; chaplain to the French hospital in London, 1723-49, the Duke of Portland, 1729; chief work, a Treatise on Miracles (reply to Thomas Chubb ), 1747; also published French translations of theological works.

[40] Henry Lemoine (1756–1812), author and bookseller; son of a French protestant refugee; purchased a bookstall in the Little Minories, 1777; contributed to the magazines; published miscellaneous works; started and edited various periodicals: published anonymous books and pamphlets; contributed to the Gentleman's Magazine; described as one of the best judges of old books in England, and an authority on foreign and Jewish literature,

[41] George William Lemon (1726–1797), master of Norwich school; BJL QueensCollege, Cambridge, 1747; took holy orders and held several livings; master of Norwich free grammar school, 1769-78; published educational works, 1774-92.

[42] Mark Lemon (1809–1870), editor of 'Punch'; began his career as a playwright, 1835; published farces, melodramas, and operas; contributed to Household Words the Illustrated London News and other periodicals, and edited the Family Herald and Once a Week; best known as one of the founders and the first editor of Punch (first number published 17 July 1841); edited Punch 1841-70; began writing novels late in life with indifferent success; known among bis friends as Uncle Mark

[43] Robert Lemon (1779–1835), archivist ; educated at Norwich Grammar school; under his uncle, George William Lemon, helped to compile appendix to the Report on Internal Defence 1798; deputy-keeper of the state paper office, 1818; F.S.A., 1824.

[44] Robert Lemon (1800–1867), archivist ; son of Robert Lemon (1779-1835); employed under his father in the state paper office: interpreted a certain cypher found in some state papers; FAA., 1836, rearranging society's library, 1848.

[45] John Lemprière (1765? - 1824), classical scholar; educated at Winchester College and Pembroke College, Oxford; M.A., 1792; master of Grammar School at Bolton, Lancashire, 1791; of Grammar School at Abingdon, 1792-1808 (or 1809); D.D. Oxford, 1803; master of Exeter Free Grammar School, 1809-1819; chief works, A Classical Dictionary (1788) and a Universal Biography... of Eminent Persons in all Ages and Countries, (1808 and 1812).

[46] Michael Lemprière (Jl. 1640–1660), seigneur of Maufant, and one of the leader* of the parliamentary party in Jersey; as a jurat of the royal court actively ppoeed the bailiff of the island, Sir Philip de Carteret [q. v.]; succeeded De Carteret as bailiff, 1643; royal warrant issued for his arrest, 1643; in exile, 1643-51; on return of parliamentary party to power resumed hi office of bailiff, 1651; removed from the bench of jurats, but allowed to retain his estates, 1660; highly esteemed by Cromwell.

[47] William Lemprière (,i. 1834), traveller and medical writer; entered the army medical service; went to Morocco to attend the emperor's son, 1789, and also attended the ladies of the harem: published account of bis travels, 1791; army surgeon in Jamaica, 1794-9; published medical pamphlets.

[48] Remigius Van Lemput (1609?-1676). See Van Leemput.

[49] Auguste Frederick Lendy (1826 - 1889), military tutor and author; set up a private military college at Sunbury-on-Thames, c. 1854; held a commission in the army, 1869-79; published works on military subjects.

[50] John Le Neve (1679-1741), antiquary; of Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge; his greatest work, Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae, or an Essay towards a regular Succession of all the principal Dignitaries &c., published, 1716; took holy orders; imprisoned for insolvency, 1722.

[51] Peter Le Neve (1661-1729), Norfolk antiquary; entered Merchant Taylors School, London, 1673; president of the Antiquarian Society, 1687- 1724; F.R.S.; Rouge Croix pursuivant, 1689-90; Richmond herald and Norroy king-at-arms, 1704; collected much material, but printed nothing; many of his manuscripts preserved in Bodleian, British Museum, HeraldsCollege, and elsewhere. His copious notes form the backbone of the history of Norfolk, begun by Blomefield and completed by Parkin.

[52] Sir William Le Neve (1600?-1661), herald and genealogist; Mowbray herald extraordinary, 1622; York herald and Norroy king, 1633; knighted, 1634; Clarenceux, 1636; sent by Charles I with proclamation to parliamentarians before battle of Edgehill, 1642; became insane, 1668.

[53] William S. Leney (fl. 1790–1810), engraver ; articled to Peltro William Tomkins; executed five plates for Boydell's edition of Shakespeare; emigrated to America, 1806; engraved portraits of American celebrities.

[54] John Leng (1665–1727), bishop of Norwich ; educated at St. Paul's School, London, and Catharine Hall, Cambridge; fellow, 1688; M.A., 1690: a distinguished Latin scholar: D.D., 1716; Boyle lecturer, 1717-18: chaplain in ordinary to George I; bishop of Norwich, 1723-7; published sermons, his Boyle lectures, and translations from the classics.

[55] Maurice Lenihan (1811–1895), historian of Limerick; educated at Carlow College; engaged in journalism; editor of Limerick Reporter 1841-3, and of Tipperary Vindicator a paper started in the interests of the repeal movement at Nenagh, 1848; incorporated Limerick Reporter with Tipperary Vindicator 1849, and conducted it on moderate nationalist lines; published Limerick, its History and Antiquities 1866.

[56] Francis Lennard, fourteenth Baron Dacre (1619-1662), succeeded to barony, 1630; sided with the parliament against Charles I; lord-lieutenant of ; retired from active support of parwhen the supremacy of the army became vi.l.-nt: one of the twelve peers who rejected the bill for Charles I's trial, 1648-9; went abroad, 1655.

[57] Samson Lennard (rf. 1633), genealogist and translator: accompanied Sidney to the Netherlands, 1686; entered the College of Arms: Rouge-rose pursuivant extraordinary, 1616: Bluemantle pursuivant, 1616: author of translations and a devotional work; some of hi* heraldic visitations printed between 1619 and 1623.

[58] William Lennie (1779–1852), grammarian; founded bursaries at Edinburgh University; published Principles of English Grammar 1816.

[59] John Lennon (1768–1842?), master-mariner: nerved in the navy during the American war; traded from St. Thomas: brought his vessel safely without convoy into the English Channel, 1812.

[60] Dukes of Lennox . See STUART, ESME, first Duke 1642?-1583 ; STUART, LUDOVICK, second DUKE, 1574-1624: STUART, JAMES, fourth DUKK, 1612-1665; STUART, CHARLES, sixth DUKE, 1640-1672.

[61] Duchess of Lennox (1648–1702). See Frances Teresa Stuart.

[62] Earls of Lennox . See LENNOX, MALCOLM, fifth Earl 1255?–1333; STEWART, SIR JOHN, first or ninth Earl d. 1496: STEWART, MATTHEW, second or tenth Earl d. 1513 : STEWART, JOHN, third or eleventh EARL, d. 1526: STEWART, MATTHEW, fourth or twelfth EARL, 1516-1671.

[63] Countess of Lennox ( 1515–1578). See Lady Margaret Douglas.

[64] Charles Lennox, first Duke of Richmond (1672-1723), natural son of Charles II by Louise de Keroualle, duchess of Portsmouth: created Baron of Settrington, Yorkshire, Earl of March, and Duke of Richmond, Yorkshire, in the peerage of England, and Baron Methnen of Tarbolton, Earl of Darnley, and Duke of Lennox in the peerage of Scotland, 1675: K.G., 1681, and governor of Dumbarton Castle, 1681; master of the hone, 1682-6: aide-de-camp in Flanders, 1693-1702; lord of the bedchamber to George I, 1714; Irish privy councillor, 1715.

[65] Charles Lennox, second Duke of Richmond, and Aubigny (1701-1750), only son of Charles Lennox, first duke; grandson of Charles II; captain in royal regiment of horse-guards, 1722: M.P., Chicheeter, 1722-3: succeeded to the dukedom, 1723; F.R.S., 1724: K.B., 1725; K.G., 1726; lord of the bedchamber, 1727: LL.D. Cambridge, 1728; succeeded to dukedom of Aubigny in France on the deathof his grandmother, the Duchess of Portsmouth; master of the horae, 1735; privy councillor, 1736; present at Dettingen, 1743; lieutenant-general, 1745: M.D. Cambridge, 1749; P.S.A., 1750.

[66] Charles Lennox, third Duke of Richmond and Lennox ( 1735–1806), third son of Charles Lennox, second duke of Richmond, Lennox, and Aubigny; educated at Westminster School and Leyden University; graduated at Leyden, 1753; entered the army; F.R.8., 1755: colonel, 1758; distinguished himself at Miuden, 1759; succeeded to the title, 1760: lord-lieutenant of Sussex, 1763; ambassador extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary at Paris, 1765: secretary of state for the southern department, 1766-7: denounced ministerial policy with reference to the American colonies; K.G., 1782; master-general of the ordnance, with a seat in the cabinet, 1782-95: rtrongly urged appointment of committee (never formed) upon parliamentary reform, 1782; member of Pitt's cabinet, 17K3; became, in spite of former declarations, otrongly opposed to all reform, and consequently extremely unpopular: F.S.A.. 1793. His letterOn the Subject of a Parliamentary Reform demanding universal suffrage, together with annual elections, was published, 1788, and paned through a number of editions.

[67] Charles Lennox , fourth Duke of Richmond and Lennox (1764-1819), eldest son of George Henry Lennox; fought a duel with the Duke of York (see Frederick Augustus, DUKE OF YORK AND ALBANY), 1789; served in the Leeward islands; M.P., 1790; colonel, 1795: lieutenant-general, 1805; succeeded to the title, IROfi: privy.-..uncillor, 1807; lord-lieutenaut of Ireland, 1807-13: general, 1814; gave a ball at Brussels, where he was residing, on the eve of Quatre Bras, 1816; present at Waterloo; governor-general of British North America, 1818; died near Richmond, Canada.

[68] Charles Gordon-Lennox, fifth Duke of Richmond 1791–1860), eldest sou of Charles Lennox, fourth duke; educated at Westminster School; lieutenant, 1810; assistant military secretary to Wellington in Portugal, 1810-14: lieutenant-colonel, 1816; M.P., Winchester, 1812-19; succeeded his father, 1819; K.G., 1828: postmaster-general, 1830-4; president. Royal Agricultural Society, 1845-60.

[69] Charlotte Lennox (1720–1804), miscellaneous writer; daughter of Colonel James Ramsay, lieutenantgovernor of New York, where she was boru: sent to England. 1735: married one Lennox, c. 1748; befriended and flattered by Dr. Johnson: author ofThe Female Quixote (novel), 1762; conducted The LadiesMuseum Magazine 1760-1; her comedy, The Sister acted once, 1769; published novels, poems, and translations from the French.

[70] George Henry Lennox (1737–1805), general; son of Charles Lennox, second duke of Richmond; ensign, 1754; saw service abroad, 1757-63: lieutenantcolonel, 1758; colonel, 1762; brigadier, 1763; secretary of legation to the court of France, 1765; major-general, 1772; constable of the Tower of London, 1783; privy councillor, 1784; general, 1793.

[71] Lord Henry Charles George Gordon-Lennox (1821–1886), son of Charles Gordon-Lennox, fifth duke of Richmond: M.P., Chichester, 18461885: a lord of the treasury, 1852 and 1858-9; secretary to the admiralty, 1866-8; first commissioner of public works, 1874-6.

[72] Malcolm Lennox , fifth EARL OF LENNOX (1255?–1333), succeeded to the earldom, 1292; a supporter of Bruce; killed at battle of Halidou Hill.

[73] Sir Wilbraham Gates Lennox (1830–1897), general, royal engineers; studied at Woolwich; lieutenant, royal engineers, 1854; brevet major, 1858; brevet lieutenant-colonel, 1859; first captain, 1863; major, 1872; lieutenant-colonel, 1873; major-general, 1881; lieutenantgeneral, 1888; general, 1893; served in Crimea, 1854-6; V.C. (Inkermann), 1854; took conspicuous part in second relief, 1857, and final siege of Lucknow, 1858; and in subsequent campaigns; C.B. (military), 1867; instructor in field fortification at Chatham, 1866-71; attached officially to German armies in France during FrancoGerman war, 1870-1; second in command of royal engineers at Portsmouth, 1873-6; military attache at Constantinople, 1876-8; commanded garrison of Alexandria, 1884-7; commanded troops in Ceylon, 1887-8; K.C.B., 1891: director-general of military education at war ofllce, 1893-5; published writings on military subjects.

[74] Lord William Pitt Lennox (1799–1881), miscellaneous writer; sou of Charles Lennox, fourth duke of Richmond; at Westminster School, 1808-14; comet, 1813; present as spectator at Waterloo, 1815; captain, j 1822; M.P., King's Lynn, 1832-4; published novels of little merit; contributed to the annuals, Once a Week I aud the Court Journal; edited the Review newspaper, I 1858.

[75] Elizabeth Anne Le Noir (1755 9-1841), poet and novelist; daughter of Christopher Smart, the poet: married Jean Baptiste le Noir de la Brosse, 1795; author of novels praised by Dr. Burney and Miss Mitford, and books of poems.

[76] Andrew Benjamin Lens ( fl. 1765–1770), miniature-painter; son of Bernard Lens (1682-1740); re-engraved and published his father'sGranadier's Exercise 1744; exhibited miniatures with the Incorporated Society of Artists, 1765-70.

[77] Bernard Lens (1631–1708), enamel-painter; of, Netherlandish origin; practised in London.

[78] Bernard Lens (1659–1725), mezzotint-engraver and drawing-master; son of Bernard Lens (1631-1708) ; kept a drawing-school with John Sturt

[79] Bernard Lens (1682–1740), miniature-painter and drawing-master; son of Bernard Lens(1659-1725): esteemed the beat miniature-painter in water-colours of his time; limner to George I and George II; taught drawing at Christ's Hospital, London, and drew and engraved plates illustrating A New and Gompleat Drawing-Book published posthumously; published etchings illustrating 1 The Grauadier's Exercise 1735.

[80] John Lens (1756–1825), serjeant-at-law ; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1784; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1782: serjeant-at-law, 1799; king's Serjeant, 1806; counsel to the university of Cambridge, 1807.

[81] sir John Lenthall Sir (1625–1681), son of William Lenthall, speaker of the House of Commons; educated at Corpus Cbristi College, Oxford; M.P. for Gloucester, 1645; knighted by Cromwell, 1658; governor of Windsor, 1660; high sheriff of Oxfordshire, 1672: knighted by Charles II, 1677.

[82] William Lenthall (1591–1662), speaker of the House of Commons; entered St. Alban Hall, Oxford, 1607; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1616; bencher, 1633; reader, 1638; speaker of the Long parliament, 1640; behaved with discretion and dignity on the occasion of the king's attempt to arrest the five members, 1642; matter of the rolls, 1 643: one of the two commissioners of the great seal, 1646-8; chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster, 1647; abandoned his post of speaker, and left London, fearing mob violence, 1647; M.P., Oxfordshire, and speaker, 1653; speaker in the restored Long parliament, 1659; supported Monck and the Restoration.

[83] Francis Lenton (fl. 1630–1640), court poet and anagrammatist; said to have studied at Lincoln's Inn; styled himself Queen's poet author of The Young Gallants Whirligigg, or Youth's Reakes 1629; Characterismi, or Lenton's Leasures 1631; The Innes of Court Anagrammatist, or the Masquers masqued in Epigrammes 1666, and other works.

[84] John Lenton (. 1682–1718), musician ; gentleman of the Chapel Royal extraordinary, 1685; member of the royal band, 1692-1718; composed music for Venice Preserved 1682, songs, catches, airs, andThe Useful Instructor for the Violin (1694, 1702).

[85] Leofric (Lat. LEURICUS), EARL OF MERCIA (d. 1057), witnessed charters as minister or thegn, 10051026; succeeded his father in the earldom between 1024 and 1032; ranked with Godwine and Si ward as one of the three great earls among whom the government of the kingdom was divided; his wife Godgifu the Godiva of legend.

[86] Leofric (Lat. LEFRICUS) (d. 1072), first bishop of Exeter; educated in Lothariugia; chancellor to Edward the Confessor, being the first to be so designated; bishop of the united dioceses of Devonshire and Cornwall, 1046; had seat of bishopric removed from Crediton to Exeter, 1050; bestowed lands, money, and books, including the collection of poetry known as the Liber Exoniensis on the church.

[87] Leofric of Bourne (fl. 1100), monk; said to have written a life of Hereward

[88] Leofwine (d. 1066), son of Earl Godwine ; acted as governor of Kent, 1049; outlawed; fled to Ireland, 1051; earl of Kent, Surrey, Essex, Middlesex (except London), Hertfordshire, and probably Buckinghamshire, 1057-66; killed at Hastings.

[89] Leominster first Baron (d. 1711). See William Fermor.

[90] Giacomo Leoni (1686–1746), architect ; Venetian, and architect to the elector palatine; settled in England at beginning of eighteenth century; prepared plates for the English editions of Palladio'sArchitecture 1715; translated Alberti'sDe re JSdificatoria 1726; built various country seats.

[91] George Duncan Albert Leopold, Duke of Albany (1853–1884), fourth and youngest son of Queen Victoria; entered Christ Church, Oxford, 1872; granted an annuity of £15,000, 1874; left Oxford with an hon. D.c.L, 1876; travelled in Europe and America; president, Royal Society of Literature, 1878; vice-president, Society of Arts, 1879; created Duke of Albany, Earl of Clarence, and Baron Arklow, 1881; married Prince* Helen Frederica Augusta, daughter of HSH. George Victor, prince of Waldeck-Pyrmont, 1882; died at Cannes: buried in St. George's Chapel, Windsor.

[92] Francis Lepipre (Le Piper (d. 1698), arttat ; drew landscapes, humorous compositions, and caricatures, and etched subjects on silver plates; painted twelve small pictures of scenes in Hudibras."

[93] Charles Le Quesne (1811-1856), writer on the constitutional history of Jersey; contributed articles on commercial questions relating to the Channel islands to theGuernsey Magazine 1836-8; published Ireland and the Channel Islands, or a Remedy for Ireland 1848; jurat of the Royal Court of Jersey, 1850; his Constitutional History of Jersey published, 1856.

[94] John Le Romeyn (d. 1296). See Romanus.

[95] Daniel Lerpiniere (1745?-1785), engraver; exhibited with the Free Society of Artists, 1773-83; engraved plates, chiefly landscapes, for Messrs. Boy dell, 1776-85.

[96] Sir Stephen Lesieur (fl. 1586–1627), ambassador: a Frenchman: secretary to the French ambassador to England, 1586; naturalised, c. 1589; taken into the public service, c. 1598; sent on embassy to Denmark, 1602, to the Emperor Rudolph II, 1603 and 1612-13, to Florence, 1608 and 1609.

[97] Alexander Lesley (1693–1758), Jesuit : studied at Douay and Rome; joined Jesuits, 1712; taught in the Illyrian College of Loreto, 1728; missioner in Aberdeenshire, 1729; taught in colleges of Ancona and Tivoli, 1734; again in England, 1738-44; prefect of studies in the Scots College, Rome, 1744-6; professor of moral theology in the English college, 1746-8; edited a fragment of the * Thesaurus Liturgicus entitled Missale mixtnm secundum Regulam Beati Isidori dictum Mozarabes 1755.

[98] William Aloysius Lesley (1641–1704), Jesuit ; joined Jesuits, 1656; superior of the Scots College at Rome, 1674-83; D.D.; published Vita di S. Margberita, Regina di Scozia 1675; missioner in Scotland, 1694-1704.

[99] Alexander Leslie , first Earl of Leven (1580?-1661), general; served in the Swedish army for thirty years: knighted by Gustavus Adolphus, 1626; compelled Wallenstein to raise the siege of Stralsund, 1628; governor of the Baltic district, 1628-30; engaged with the British contingent that aided Gustavus, 1630-2; fought at Lut.en, 1632; besieged and took Brandenburg, 1634; field-marshal, 1636; identified himself with the covenanters; directed the military preparations in Scotland, 1638; lord-general of all the Scottish forces, 1639; victorious at battle of Newburn, 1640; created Earl of Leven and Lord Balgonie, 1641; general of the Scottish army in Ireland, 1642; sent to the assistance of the English parliament, 1643: present at Marston Moor, 1644; in charge of Charles I at Newcastle, 1645-7; fought for the royalists at Dunbar, 1650; prisoner of the English parliament, 1651-4.

[100] Andrew Leslie , properly fifth, but sometimes called fourth Earl of Rothes (d. 1611), eldest sou of I George, fourth earl; succeeded to peerage, 1558; stedfastly supported Mary Queen of Scots from 1566.

[101] Charles Leslie (1650–1722), nonjuror and controversialist; son of John Leslie (1571-1671); M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1673: took holy orders, 1680; chancellor of Connor, 1686; refused to take the oaths at the revolution, and was deprived of his office: commenced his series of controversial pamphlets withAn Answer to a Book intituled the State of the Protestants in Ireland under the late King James's Government 1692: published attack on William III,Gallienus Redivivus, or Murtber will out fcc., 1696; attacked in various pamphlet* the whig divines, Burnet, Tillotson, Sherlock, as well as the quakers deists, and Jews, and defended the sacraments; brought out The Rehearsal in opposition to Defoe's Review 1704-9, carrying on at the same time his ecclesiastico-political pamphlet warfare: warrant issued for 1 his apprehension. 1710; escaped to St. Germaini, 1711: hut (1713) accepted a place in the household of the Pretender at Bar-lc-duc. A collective edition of bis Theological Works was published in

[102] Charles Robert Leslie (1794–1859), painter : son of American parents; born in London: taken to Philadelphia, 1799: educated at Pennsylvania University: apprenticed to publishers in Philadelphia, 1808; student at the Royal Academy schools, London, 1811; exhibited at the Royal Academy between 1813 and 1839; R.A., 1826; taught drawing at the Military Academy at West Point, ca, 1899; summoned to Windsor to paint The _ receiving the Sacrament at her Coronation 1838, and * The Christening of the Princess Royal 1841; published The Memoirs of John Constable, R.A. 1845; profemor of painting at the Royal Academy, 1848-52; published his lectures asHandbook for Young Painters 1855; excelled in depicting quiet humour. His Autobiographical Recollections edited by Tom Taylor, and bis Life of Reynolds completed by the same author, were published in 1868.

[103] David Leslie , first Baron Newark (d. 1682), military commander: entered service of Gustavus Adolphns; major-general in the Scottish army under Alexander Leslie, first earl of Leven, 1643; at battle of Marston Moor, 1644; defeated Montrose at Philiphaugh, 1645; commander of the army raised on behalf of Charles II in Scotland in 1651; taken prisoner after Worcester, 1651; imprisoned in the Tower till 1660; created Baron Newark, 1661.

[104] Frank Leslie (1851–1880).

[105] Frederick Leslie (1855–1892), actor ; his real name Frederick Hobson; appeared first in London as Colonel Hardy Paul Pry) at the Royalty, 1878, and subsequently took numerous parts in light opera, and, with Miss Ellen Farren at the Gaiety, in burlesque.

[106] George Leslie, usually called third, but properly fourth, Earl of Rothes (d. 1558), sheriff of Fife, 1529-1540; a lord of session, 1541; a lord of the articles, 1544; tried for the murder of Cardinal Beaton and acquitted, 1547; ambassador to Denmark, 1550; died at Dieppe.

[107] George Leslie or Lesley (d. 1637), Capuchin friar, known as Father Archangel; scholar in the Scots College, Rome, 1608; preached in Scotland, c. 1624-5; fled to France from persecution; returned to Scotland, 1631.

[108] George Leslie (d. 1701), divine and poet; works include Fire and Brimstone, or the Destruction of Sodom 1675, Abraham's Faith(morality play), 1670.

[109] Henry Leslie (1580–1661), bishop of Down and Connor; educated at Aberdeen; went to Ireland, 1614; ordained priest, 1617: prebendary of Connor, 1619; dean of Down, 1627; precentor of St. Patrick's Dublin, 1628; prolocutor of lower house in Irish convocation, 1634; bishop of Down and Connor, 1635; a champion of Laudian episcopacy; withdrew to England after the loss of his property in the Irish rebellion, 1643; went abroad about the time of Charles I's execution; bishop of Meath, 1661.

[110] John Leslie or Lesley (1527–1596), bishop of Ross; M.A. Aberdeen: canon of Aberdeen Cathedral, 1547; studied at Paris and Poictiers, 1649-54; took holy orders, 1558; had a disputation with Knox and other reformers, 1661; employed in France about the person of Queen Mary; professor of canon law, Aberdeen, 1562; judge of session, 1565; privy councillor, 1565; bishop of Ross, 1666: chief adviser of Mary Queen of Scote in her ecclesiastical policy; appointed her ambassador to Queen Elizabeth, 1569; sent to the Tower in connection with the Ridolfi plot, 1571; set at liberty on condition of leaving England, 1573; went to Paris, 1674, and to Rome to represent Mary's interests, 1675; published there bis Latin history of Scotland, 1578; suffragan and vicar-general of the diocese of Rouen, 1579; nominated to the bishopric of Coutances by Clement VIII; died at the Augustinian monastery at Guirtenburg, near Brussels.

[111] John Leslie , sixth Earl of Rothes (1600-1641), one of the leaders of the covenanting party; served heir to his grandfather, Andrew Leslie, fifth (or fourth) earl, Ml; opposed Charles I's ecclesiastical policy in Scotland: chief organiser of the movement against episcopacy, 1638; i after pacification of 1640 remained in England at the court j of Charles I; author of aShort Relation of Proceedings concerning the Affairs of Scotland from August 1637 to July 1638 first published, 1830.

[112] John Leslie (1571–1671), bishop of Clogher; known as the fighting bishop; educated at Aberdeen and in France; with Buckingham at Rhé, 1627; bishop of the Scottish isles, 1628-33, of Raphoe, 1633-61; a leader in the rebellion of 1641; after the king's execution defended Raphoe against the Cromwellians, and was one of the last royalists to submit; the only Anglican bishop who remained at his post during the interregnum; bishop of Clogher, 1661; left manuscript treatise on Memory.

[113] John Leslie, seventh Earl and first Duke of Rothes (1630–1681), eldest son of John Leslie, sixth earl; succeeded his father, 1641; entered the army; taken prisoner at Worcester, 1651; released, 1658; lord of session, 1661; commissioner of the exchequer, 1661; lord high treasurer, 1663; privy councillor of England, 1663; keeper of the privy seal, 1664; lord chancellor, 1667; created Duke of Rothes, 1680.

[114] John Leslie, eighth Earl of Rothes (1679-1 722), eldest son of Charles (Hamilton), fifth earl of Haddington, and Margaret Leslie, elder daughter of John Leslie, duke of Rothes, who succeeded her father as Countess of Rothes, the earldom surname of Leslie passing to her son: privy seal, 1704; aided the union of 1707; Scots representative peer, 1707-22; vice-admiral of Scotland, 1714; fought against James Edward, the Old Pretender, in 1715; governor of Stirling Castle, 1716-22.

[115] John Leslie, ninth Earl of Rothes (1698?-1767), eldest son of John Leslie, eighth earl; lieutenant-colonel, 1719; succeeded his father, 1722; Scots representative peer, 1723, 1727, 1747, 1754, and 1761; major-general, 1743; present at Dettingen, 1743; lieutenant-general, 1750; K.T., 1753; general, 1765; commander-in-chief of the forces in Ireland.

[116] Sir John Leslie (1766–1832), mathematician and natural philosopher; educated at St. Andrews and Edinburgh universities; his paper On the Resolution of Indeterminate Problemscommunicated to the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 1788; superintended studies of the Wedgwoods, 1790-2; published, as outcome of his researches, Experimental Inquiry into the Nature and Properties of Heat 1804, a work of great scientific value; Rumford medallist, 1805; appointed professor of mathematics at Edinburgh, 1805; published Elements of Geometry, Geometrical Analysis, and Plane Trigonometry i 1809, Geometry of Curve Lines 1813, and Philosophy of Arithmetic 1817; the first to achieve artificial congelai tiou; contributed to the Edinburgh Review and the Eacyclopsedia Britannica; professor of natural philosophy, Edinburgh, 1819; publishedElements of Natural Philosophy(vol. i.), 1823; knighted, 1832.

[117] Norman Leslie, Master of Rothes (d. 1554), leader of the party who assassinated Cardinal Beaton; eldest son of George Leslie, fourth earl of Rothes; sheriff of Fife, 1641; led the conspirators against Beaton, but took no personal part in the net of assassination, 1546: was carried captive to France, but escaped to England and was pensioned by Edward VI; on accession of Mary entered service of Henry II of France; mortally wounded in action near Cambray.

[118] Thomas Edward Cliffe Leslie (1827?–1882), political economist; descended from Charles Leslie (16501722); educated at Trinity College, Dublin: B.A., 1847; LL.B., 1861; later hon. LL.D.; professor of jurisprudence and political economy, Queen's College, Belfast, 1863; contributed articles on economic subjects to various periodicals, most of which were reprinted in Essays on Political and Moral Philosophy 1879, and Essays in Political Philosophy 1888; wrote on laud systems and industrial economy.

[119] Walter Leslie , Count Leslie (1606–1667), soldier of fortune and diplomatist; entered the imperial service and took part in war of Mantuan succession, 1630: served in Germany, 1632-46; instrumental in bringing about the assassination of Walleustein, 1634; master of the ordnance, 1646; vice-president of the council of war, warden of the Sclavonian marches, and field-marshaL1650; privy councillor, 1655; invested with order of Golden Fleece, ami ambassador extraordinary to the Ottoman j Porte, 1666; died at Vienna.

[120] William Leslie (d. 1654?), principal of King's j College, Aberdeen; educated at Aberdeen; recent, 1617; sub-principal, 1623; principal, 1632: with other Aberdeen doctors refused the covenant, 1639.

[121] William Leslie (1657–1727), bishop of Laybach in Styria: educated at Aberdeen; studied at Padua, 1684; converted to Roman Catholicism; professor of theology, Padua; bishop of Waltzen, Hungary, 1716, of Laybach, in Styria,1718.

[122] Walter Lespec (d. 1153). See Espec.

[123] Nicholas Lesse (fl. 1550), religious writer; author ofThe Apologle of the Worde of God 1547, and several translations.

[124] Frederick Parkinson Lester (1795–1858), major-general, Bombay artillery: educated at Addiscombe; lieutenant, 1815; captain, 1818; lieutenantcolonel, 1840: major-general, 1854; commander of the southern division of the Bombay army, 1857-8; instrumental in preventing the mutiny from extending to Western India, 1857-8.

[125] Richard Lestock (1679?–1746), admiral : served with Sir Clowdisley Shovell, 1704-5; with Sir George Byng, 1717-18; took part in the operations against Cartagena, 1741; vice-admiral, 1743; court-martialled and acquitted (1746) for refusal to obey his superior, Mathews in the action (1744) off Toulon, and admiral of the blue, 1746.

[126] Hamon L'Estrange (1605-1660), theologian and historian; brother of Sir Nicholas L'Estrange, first baronet, and of Sir Roger L'Estrange; published theological works, 1641-69.

[127] Hamon L'Estrange (1674-1767), grandson of Hamon L'Estrange (1605- 1660); on the commission of the peace for sixty-five years; published legal and religious works.

[128] '^ Henry L'Estrange Styleman Le Strange (1815-1862), art amateur and decorative painter; educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford; B.A., 1837; employed in designing and carrying out the decoration of Ely Cathedral, 1863-62.

[129] John Le Strange (d. 1269), lord marcher; served under King John in Poitou, 1214; defended the Welsh border as a lord marcher.

[130] John L'Estrange (1836-1 877), Norfolk antiquary; clerk in the stamp office at Norwich; made large collections for the history of the county of Norfolk, and the city of Norwich; published The Church Bells of Norfolk 1874.

[131] Sir Nicholas Le Strange (1515-1580), steward of the manors of the Duchess of Richmond, 1547-80; son of Sir Thomas Le Strange; knighted, 1547: M.P., Norfolk, 1547, King's Lynn, 1555, Castle Rising, 1571.

[132] '^ Sir Nicholas L'Estrange, first baronet (d. 1655), collector of anecdotes; brother of Hamon L'Estrange (1605-1660): created baronet, 1629; compiled Merry Passages and Jests some of which were printed in 1839.

[133] Sir Roger L'Estrange (1616-1704), tory journalist and pamphleteer; probably studied at Cambridge; formed a plan to recapture Lynn; seized by the parliament and imprisoned, 1644-8; projected a royalist rising in Kent; had to flee to Holland; employed while abroad by Hyde in service of Charles II; returned to England, 1653; published broadsides attacking Lambert and the leaders of the army, 1659; wrote pamphlets in favour of monarchy, 1660, and to show that the presbyterians were responsible for the wars and the king's death, 1661-2; advocated a more stringent censorship of the press, 1663; appointed surveyor of printing presses and a licenser of the press, 1663; Issued the Intelligencer and 'The News 1663-6; encouraged, perhaps projected, The City Mercury, or Advertisements concerning trade 1675; published pamphlets to meet Shaftesbury's attack on : I and his government, 1679; adversely criticised the * vi.lcncc for a nuppoeal popish plot, 1680; J.P. for Middlesex, 1680; bad to flee the country owing to the hostility of the promoters of the alleged popinh plot: returned to England, 1681; attacked dissenter* and whig* in his periodicalThe Obeervator 1881-7; M.I, Winchester, 1685; knighted, 1685: deprived of bis office of surveyor and licenser of the press at imprisoned in 1688, 1691, and 16 pblets and periodicals, he The Fables of j&ap and other eminent Mytbologist*, wi_ Moral Reflections 1692 (the most extensive collection of fables in existence), and The Works of Flavius Josepbus compared with the Original Greek,* 1702, also translating 'Quevedo'a Visions 1687.

[134] Sir Thomas Le Strange (1494-1545), of Hunstanton, Norfolk: attended Henry VIII to the Field of the Cloth of Gold, 1520; knighted, 1629; high sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk, 1532.

[135] Hubert Le Sueur (1595?-1660?), sculptor: born probably in Paris; came to England, 1628; received commission for an equestrian statue of Charles 1, 1830, which was not set up at Charing Cross until 1674.

[136] Thomas Letchworth (1739–1784 X quaker; began preaching, 1758; published verse, 1765 The Monthly Ledger, or Literary Repository an unsectarian periodical, 1766-9; his Life and Writings of John Woolman, published, 1775, and a posthumous volume of his sermons, 1787.

[137] Joseph Watts Lethbridge (1817–1885), dissenting divine; entered Lady Huntingdon's connexion, 1846; migrated to the Independents; published moral and religious works.

[138] Walter Stephens Lethbridge (1772–1831?X miniature-painter; studied at the Royal Academy schools; exhibited miniatures at the Academy, 1801-29.

[139] Henry Letheby (1816–1876), analytical chemist : M.B. London, 1842; lecturer on chemistry at the London Hospital; for some years medical officer of health and analyst of foods for the city of London; chief work, Food, its Varieties, Chemical Composition, etc. 1870.

[140] Joseph Letherland (1699–1764), physician; M.D. Leyden, 1724; M.D. Cambridge, by royal mandate. 1736; physician to St. Thomas's Hospital, 1736-5K; F.R.C.P., 1737; physician to George Ill's queen, 1761: credited with being the first to draw attention in 1739 to the disease of diphtheria.

[141] Smart Lethieullier (1701–1760), antiquary: M.A. Trinity College, Oxford, 1723; formed collections and drawings of antiquities and English fossils: F.H.S. and F.S.A.

[142] Lord Lethington (1496–1586). See Sir Richard Maitland.

[143] Lethlobor (d. 871), Irish king ; defeated the Danes, 826; repulsed an invasion made by greater Ulster, 853: became king of all lesser Ulster or Ulidia.

[144] John Lettice (1737–1832), poet and divine; of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge; M.A., 1764: Seatonian prizeman, 1764; chaplain and secretary to British embassy at Copenhagen, 1768-72; publishedLetters on a Tour through various parts of Scotland In 1792 1794, and translations from the Italian and Latin.

[145] John Lettou (fl. 1480), printer : the first to set up a printing press in the city of London.

[146] Thomas Letts (1803–1873) inventor of Letts's Diaries; bookbinder from 1835, devoting himself to the manufacture of diaries; sold several hundred thousands annually. The diary business was purchased by Messrs. Cassell & Co. in 1885.

[147] John Coakley Lettsom (1744–1815), physician; born in West Indies; brought to England, 1750; studied at St. Thomas's Hospital, London; returned to the West Indies, 1767; practised at Tortola; studied at Edinburgh (1768) and at Leyden (1769): commenced practice in London, 1770; L.R.C.P., 1770; F.S.A., 1770; F.R.S., 1771; a successful quaker physician and philanthropist; author of biographical, and philanthropic works.

[148] William Nanson Lettsom (1796–1866), man of letters; grandson of John Coakley Lettsom; educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1829; published The Fall of the Nebellingers 1850; edited William Sidney Walker's Shakespeare's Versification (1864), and his Critical Examination of the Text of Shakespeare (1860); aided Alexander Dyce in the preparation of his edition of Shakespeare,

[149] Earls of Leven . See LESLIE, ALEXANDER, first Earl, 1680?-1661; MELVILLE, DAVID, third EARL, 1660

[150] Peter Levens (ft. 1687), scholar and medical writer: educated probably at Magdalen College, Oxford; B.A., 1666: fellow, 1669; author of Manipulus Vocabulorum. A Dictionarie of English and Latine Wordes 1670, valuable as evidence of contemporary pronunciation.

[151] Robert Levens (1616–1660). See Levinz.

[152] Sir Ashton Lever (1729–1788), collector of the Leverian Museum: educated at Corpus Christi College, Oxford: first collected live birds, then shells, fossils, stuffed birds, all kinds of natural objects, savage costumes and weapons; removed his museum to London, 1774; knighted, 1778; disposed of his museum by lottery in 1788.

[153] Charles James Lever (1806–1872), novelist; nephew of Sir Ashton Lever; entered Trinity College, Dublin, 1822; graduated, 1827; travelled in Holland and Germany, 1828, in Canada, 1829; studied medicine at Dublin: M.B. Trinity College, Dublin, 1831; first instalment of Harry Lorrequer produced in Dublin University Magazine 1837: practised medicine in Brussels, 1840-42; published Charles O'Malley first in Dublin University Magazine 1840, and Jack Hinton the Guardsman 1843; returned to Dublin and edited the Dublin University Magazine 1842-6; contributed to that magazine Tom Burke of Ours and Arthur O'Leary 1844; published The O'Donoghue 1845, and the Knight of Gwynne 1847; settled at Florence and produced there Roland Cashel 1850, and The Dodd Family Abroad 1853-4; British consul at Spezzia, 1857; consul at Trieste, 1867-72; his last novel, Lord Kilgobbin 1872 (first issued in cornhill Magazine); died at Trieste: collected edition of his works was issued, 1876-8.

[154] Christopher Lever (fl. 1627), protestant writer and poet; of Christ's College, Cambridge: published religious poems and prose works, 1607-27.

[155] Darcy Lever (1760?–1837), writer on seamanship; nephew of Sir Ashton Lever; published The Young Sea Officer's Sheet Anchor, or a Key to the Lending of Rigging and to Practical Seamanship 1808, for forty years the navy text-book.

[156] Ralph Lever or Leaver (d. 1585), master of Sherburn Hospital, Durham; brother of Thomas Lever; of St. John's College, Cambridge; fellow, 1549; M.A., 1551; incorporated M.A. Oxford, 1560; archdeacon of Northumberland, 1566-73; canon of Durham 1567; master of Sherburn Hospital, 1577: D.D. Cambridge, 1578; his work on chess published without his consent 1563; published The Arte of Reason 1573, one of the rarest of early English treatises on logic.

[157] Thomas Lever or Leaver (1521–1577), puritan divine: brother of Ralph Lever; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1545; fellow and college preacher 1548: a leader of the extreme protestant reformers at Cambridge; preached at court before Edward VI, 1550 master of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1551; B.D., 1552: at Mary's accession fled to Zurich, 1553; a hearer of Calvin at Geneva, 155 1; minister of the English congregation at Aarau, 1556-9; returned to England, 1559; master of Sberburn Hospital, Durham, 1563; canon of Durham, 1564-7; published sermons and a religious treatise.

[158] Richard Leveridge (1670?–1758) vocalist, song-writer, and xmi power: sang at Drury Lane Theatre, S-8, at the Haymarket, London, 1708-13, at Lincoln's Inn Iii-Ms, 1715-32, at Covent Garden, 1732-51 said to &E? S 01 ?? 01 the ma " lc to Mllcbctu for the revival of ; his best-known songs 'All in the Downs' and 'The Roast Beef of Old England'.

[159] Thomas Leverton (1713–1824), architect: employed in tlio erection of dwelling-houses in London and j the country; exhibited designs at the Royal Academy, 1771-1803.

[160] Sir Richard Leveson (1570–1605), vice-admiral of England; volunteer against the Armada, 1588; had command in expedition against Cadiz, 1596; knighted, 1596; destroyed the Spanish fleet off Ireland, 1601; vice-admiral of England, 1604; marshal of the embassy to Spain to conclude the peace, 1605.

[161] Lord Francis Leveson-Gower (1800-1857). See Francis Egerton, 1st Earl of Ellesmere.

[162] '^ George Granville Leveson-Gower, first Duke of Sutherland (1758–1833), educated at Westi minster and Christ Church, Oxford: M.P., Newcastle: under-Lyme, 1778 and 1780; travelled in Europe, 1780-6; I M.P., Staffordshire, 1787-98; ambassador to Paris, 1790-2; summoned as Baron Gower of Stittenham, Yorkshire, the original barony of his family, 1798; joint postmaster! general, 1799-1810; K.G., 1806; became possessed of the 1 greater part of Sutherlandshire through his wife, Countess of Sutherland in her own right, 1785; inherited the Bridgewater estates from his uncle, the last Duke of Bridgewater, and by the death of his father, Marquis of Stafford, the estates of Stittenham (Yorkshire), ! Trentham (Staffordshire), Wolverhampton and Lilleshall i (Shropshire), 1803; made 450 miles of roads and built 134 bridges in Sutherlandshire between 1812 and 1832; purchased Stafford House, London, 1827; created Duke of Sutherland, 1833.

[163] George Granville William Sutherland Leveson-Gower, third Duke of Sutherland (1828-1892), succeeded to the dukedom, 1861; M.P., Sutherlandshire, 1852-61: improved his highland estates; attended coronation of Czar Alexander II as member of the special mission, 1856; K.G., 1864; present at the opening of the Suez Canal, 1869; accompanied Edward VII, when Prince of Wales, to India, 1876.

[164] Granville Leveson-Gower, first Marquis of Stafford (1721–1803), son of John Leveson-Gower, first earl Gower; educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford; M.P., Bishop's Castle, 1744, Westminster, 1747 and 1749; lord of the admiralty, 1749-51; M.P., Lichfield, 1754; succeeded to the Upper House, 1754; lord privy seal, 1755-7 and 1785-94; master of the horse, 1757-60; keeper of the great wardrobe, 1760-3; lord chamberlain of the household, 1763-6; president of the council, 1767-79 and 1783-4; K.G., 1771; F.S.A., 1784; created marquis of the county of Stafford, 1786.

[165] '^ Granville Leveson-Gower, first Earl Granville (1773–1846), diplomatist: youngest son of Granville Leveson-Gower, first marquis of Stafford; entered Christ Church, Oxford, 1789; M.P., Lichfield, 1795-9; D.C.L., 1799; M.P., Staffordshire, 1799-1815; a lord of the treasury, 1800; privy councillor, 1804; ambassador extraordinary at St. Petersburg, 1804-5; created Viscount Granville, 1815; minister at Brussels; ambassador at Paris, 1824-41; created Earl Granville and Baron Leveson of Stone, 1833.

[166] Granville George Leveson-Gower, second Earl Granville (1815–1891), statesman : eldest son of Lord Granville Leveson-Gower, first earl Granville; of Eton and Christ Church, Oxford: attache at the British embassy, Paris, 1835; Whig M.P., Morpeth, 1836 and 1837; B.A., 1839; under-secretary of state for foreign affairs, 1840-1; M.P., Lichfleld, 1841; succeeded to peerage, 1846; vice-president of board of trade in Lord John Russell's ministry, 1848; paymaster of the forces, 1848; minister for foreign affairs, 1851-2 (under Lord John Russell), 1870-4, and 1880-5 (under William Evvart Gladstone); president of the council, 1852-4; chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster, 1854; leader of the House of Lords, when the liberals were in office, from 1855; chancellor of the university of London, 1856-91; K.G., 1857; president of the council, 1859; lord warden of the Cinque ports and hon. D.C.L., Oxford, 1865; secretary of state for the colonies, 1868-70 and 1886.

[167] Harriet Elizabeth Georgiana Leveson-Gower, Duchess of Sutherland (1806–1868), daughter of George Howard, sixth earl of Carlisle; married ( 1823) George Granville Leveson-Gower, earl Gower, who succeeded his father as second Duke of Sutherland in 1833; mistress of the robes under liberal administrations 1837-41, 184C-52, 1853-8, and 185'J-Gl; a great friend of Queen Victoria.

[168] John Leveson-Gower, first Baron Gower (1675-1709); M.P., Newcastle-under-Lyne, Staffordshire, 1691-1703; created Baron Gower of Stittenham, 1703; privy councillor, 1703; chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster, 1703-6.

[169] John Leveson-Gower, first Earl Gower (d. 1754), eldest son of John Leveson-Gower, first baron Gower; D.C.L. Oxford, 1732; one of the lords justices of the kingdom, 1740, 1743, 1745, 1748, 1750, ami 1752; lord privy seal, 1742-3 and 1744; created Viscount Trentham and Earl Gower, 1740.

[170] '^ John Leveson-Gower (1740-1792), rear-admiral; son of John Leveson-Gower, first earl Gower; captain in the navy, 1760; commanded in Mediterranean, ob coast of Guinea, in West Indies, and on the home and Newfoundland stations between 1760 and 1777; took part in action off Ushant, 1778; a junior lord of the admiralty, 1783-90; rear-admiral, 1787.

[171] Henry Levett (1668–1725), physician ; educated at Charterhouse and Magdalen College, Oxford; fellow of Exeter College, Oxford, 1688; M.A., 1694; M.D., 1699; F.R.C.P., 1708; physician to the Charterhouse, 1713-25; author of a letter in Latin on the treatment of small-pox, printed in the works of Dr. John Freiud, 1733.

[172] Robert Levett or Levet (1701?–1782), 'that odd old surgeon whom Johnson kept in his house to tend the out-pensioners': made Johnson's acquaintance, c. 1746; became a regular inmate of Johnson's house, 1763; had some practice as a surgeon in London.

[173] David Levi (1740–1799), Jewish controversialist ; published A Succinct Account of the Rites and Ceremonies of the Jews... and the Opinion of Dr. Humphrey Prideaux... refuted 1783; published Lingua Sacra a Hebrew grammar, in weekly parts, 1785-7; replied (1787 and 1789) to Joseph Priestley's Letters to the Jews; replied to a fresh antagonist in Letters to Nathaniel Brassey Halhed, M.P. 1795; his Defence of the Old Testament in a Series of Letters addressed to Thomas Paine first published in New York, 1797. He also published the Pentateuch in Hebrew and English, and an English translation of the prayers used by the London congregations of Jews (1789-93), and Dissertations of the Prophecies of the Old Testament 3 vols., published, 1793-1800.

[174] Leone Levi (1821–1888). jurist and statistician ; born in Ancona; settled at Liverpool as a merchant and was naturalised; published pamphlets advocating the establishment in commercial centres of general representative chambers of commerce, 1849-50; hon. secretary, Liverpool chamber of commerce; published his great work on commercial law, 1850-2; appointed to the newly created chair of commerce at King's College, London, 1852; F.S.A. and published his lectures asManual of the Mercantile Law of Great Britain and Ireland 1854; his chief work on statistics, a periodical summary of parliamentary papers, published in eighteen volumes, 1856-68: bis History of British Commerce and of the Economic Progress of the British Nation, 1763-1870 published, 1872; vice-president of the Statistical Society, 1885.

[175] Abbé de Lévignac (1769–1833). See Nicholas Tuite MacCarthy.

[176] Sir Richard Levinge, first baronet (d. 1724), Irish judge; barrister, Inner Temple, 1678; recorder of Chester, 1686; M.P., Chester, 1690-2; solicitor-general for Ireland, 1690-4 and 1704-11; knighted, 1692; M.P. for Blessingtou in Irish House of Commons and speaker of the house, 1692-6: M.P. for Longford, 1695-1700 and 1703; created baronet, 1704; M.P., Derby, 1710: attorney-gene ral for Ireland, 1711; M.P., Kilkenny, 1713; lord chief justice of Irish common pleas, 1720-4; his correspondence on Various Points of State and Domestic Policy privately printed, 1877.

[177] Sir Richard George Augustus Levinge , .seventh baronet (1811-184), soldier and writer; entered the army, 1828; lieutenant, 1834; served in the Canadian rebellion of 1837-8; lieutenant-colonel in the militia, 11846; succeeded to baronetcy, 1848; high sheriff for ath, 1851; M.I for ro. Vi-stin.-.ith, 1857 and SS'J; author ofEchoes from tin: I.a. k.v.iods 1846, Historical Notices of the Levinge Family 1853,Historical Records of the Forty-third Regiment, hire Light Infantry 1868, and other works.

[178] Baptist Levinz (1644–1693), bishop of Sodor and Man; brother of Sir Creswell Levin*; educated at Magdak-u Hall and College, Oxford; M.A., 1666; Whyte's professor of moral philobophy, Oxford, 1677-82; bishop of Sodor and Man, 1685: prebendary of Winchester, 1691; contributed to 'Epicaedia Universitatis Oxoniensis iu obitum Georgii Ducis Albemarliae 1670.

[179] Sir Creswell Levinz (1627–1701), judge; brother of Baptist Levinz; of Trinity College, Cambridge; barrister, Gray's Inn, 1661; knighted, 1678; king's counsel, 1678; attorney-general, 1679; sat on the bench of common pleas, 1680-6; one of the counsel for the seven bishops, 1688. From manuscripts left by him was published in 1722 The Reports of Sir Creswell Levinz, Knight

[180] Robert Levinz, Levens, or Levinge (1615–1650), royalist; uncle of Sir Creswell Levinz, Baptist Leviuz, and William Levin,; educated at Lincoln College, Oxford; B.A., 1634; D.C.L., 1642; fought for Charles I; employed by Charles II to raise troops in England, 1650; arrested, condemned by court-martial, and hanged.

[181] William Levinz (1625–1698), president of St. John's College, Oxford; brother of Sir Creswell Levinz ; educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool, London, and St. John's College, Oxford, 1645; M.A., 1649; regius professor of Greek, 1665-98; president of his college, 1673; sub-dean of Wells, 1678; canon, 1682.

[182] Jean Pons Victor Lecoutz de Levizac (d. 1813), writer on the French language; born in Languedoc; canon in the cathedral of Vabres, and probably vicargeneral of the diocese of St. Omer; at the revolution fled to London, where he taught French and published books on the French language, 1797-1808.

[183] Amy Levy (1861–1889), poetess and novelist; educated at Newuham College, Cambridge; her Xantippc and other Poems published, 1881, A Minor Poet and other Verse 1884, A London Plane Tree and other Poems and Reuben Sachs, a novel, 1889; committed suicide.

[184] Joseph Moses Levy (1812–1888), founder of the Daily Telegraph; purchased a printing establishment: took over theDaily Telegraph and Courier and issued it as the Daily Telegraph the first London daily penny paper, 1855.

[185] Charles Lee Lewes (1740–1803), actor; his first recorded appearance at Covent Garden, 1763; played ng Marlow in first performance ofShe Stoops to uer 1773; at Coveut Garden as leading comedian till 1783; at Drury Lane, 1783-5; at Edinburgh, 1787; played in Dublin in low comedy, 1792-3; published theatrical compilations.

[186] George Henry Lewes (1817–1878), miscellaneous writer; grandson of Charles Lee Lewes; tried various employments, among them that of actor; contributed to the quarterlies (1840-9) and wrote a play and two novels; published Biographical History of Philosophy 1845-6; co-operated with Thornton Leigh Hunt in the 4 Leader,* 1850; made the acquaintance of Miss Evans, 1851, and went to Germany with her in 1854, and for the rest of his life lived with her as her husband; hisLife of Goethe the standard English work on the subject, published, 1866; studied physiology, and published Seaside Studies 1858, Physiology of Common Life 1859, Studies in Animal Life 1862, andAristotle the first instalment of a projected history of science, 1864; edited Fortnightly Review 1865-6; his Problems of Life and Mind published at intervals, 1873-9: his criticisms on the drama contributed to the Pall Mall Gazette published, 1875.

[187] John Lewgar (1602–1665), Roman catholic controversialist; M.A. Trinity College, Oxford, 162; published controversial works. 3D2

[188] Edward Lewicke (ft. 1662), poet: author of The most wonderfull and pleaaaunt History of Titus and Gisippra 1562, a rhymed paraphrase of Sir Thomas Eliot's prose version of a tale of Boccaccio.

[189] John William Lewin (ft. 1805), naturalist; brother of William Lcwin (d. 1795); settled in Paramatta, New South Wales; published The Birds of New Holland 1808-22, andProdromus (tic) Entomology 1806, a history of the lepldoptera of New South

[190] Sir Justinian Lewin (1613–1673), master in chancery: grandson of William Lewin (d. 1698); of Pembroke College, Oxford; D.C.L., 1637; official to the archdeacon of Norfolk, 1631; judge marshal of the army In the Scottish expedition, 1639; a master in chancery, 1641; promoted Charles II's interest in Norfolk: knighted, 1661.

[191] Thomas Lewin (1806–1877), miscellaneous writer ; educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool and Worcester and Trinity Colleges, Oxford; M.A 1831: conveyancing counsel to the court of chancery, 1862-77; F.S.A., 1863; chief works, Practical Treatise on the Law of Trusts and Trustees 1837, an authoritative text-book, The Life and Epistles of St. Paul 1861, and archaeological pamphlet*.

[192] William Lewin (d. 1598), civilian; of Christ's College, Cambridge; M.A., 1565; public orator. 1570-1; LL.D., 1576; judge of the prerogative court of Canterbury, 1576-98; chancellor of the diocese of Rochester and commissary of the faculties; M.P., Rochester, 1686, 1689, and 1693; a master of chancery, 1593; friend of Gabriel Harvey; author of the Latin epistle to the Jesuits before Harvey's Ciceronianus 1577.

[193] William Lewin (d. 1796), naturalist; F.L.S., 1791; published an unscientific book,The Birds of Great Britain accurately figured 7 vols., 1789-96, of which he executed the drawings; and published vol. i. ofThe Insects of Great Britain systematically arranged, accurately engraved, and painted from Nature 1795.

[194] Edward John Lewins or Lewens (1756–1828) United Irishman; educated in France: envoy of the Society of United Irishmen at Hamburg, 1797; confidential agent at Paris: banished from Ireland by act of parliament at the union; inspector of studies at the university of Paris; exercised great influence in France during reign of Charles X.

[195] Lewis of Caerleon (16th cent.) See Caerleon.

[196] Glyn Cothi Lewis (1450–1486), Welsh bard also sometimes called LEWIS Y GLYN or LLYWELYN GLYN COTHI: took the Lancastrian side in the wars of the roses. His poems, about 160 of which were published for the Cymmrodorion Society (1837), valuable as illustrating the part played by the Welsh in the Wars of the Roses.

[197] '^ Andrew Lewis (1720?-1781), soldier volunteer in the Ohio expedition, 1754: major in Washington's Virginia regiment. 1765: commanded Sandy Creek expedition, 1,66: taken prisoner at Fort Duquesne, 1758 brlgadier-ipneral, 1774: delegate to the Virginia convention*, 1776; took popular side in the war of independence, and was brigadier-general of the continental army, 17761*77; died in Virginia.

[198] Charles Lewis (1753–1795), painter of still life; exhibited at the Society o *ff&$ Sg%,

[199] Charles Lewis (1786-1836), bookbinder; brother of Frederick Christian Lewis (1779-1866) q v and of : employed by Beckford on the Fonthill library.

[200] Charles George Lewis (1808–1880), engraver.

[201] Charles James Lewis (1830–1892), painter ; his iS 1 ln, ter - Iour Painted 8ma11 domestic sub men ber of the Royal Institute of In Water-colour*, 1882.

[202] David Lewis or Lewes (1520?–1584), civilian ; educated at All Souls College, Oxford; B.C.L., 1540: fellow, 1641; principal of New Inn Hall, Oxford, 1545-8; D.C.L. and admitted at Doctors Commons, 1548; a master in chancery, 1553; M.P., Steyning, 1553; M.P., Monmouthshire, 1554-5; judge of the high court of admiralty, 1558-75; first principal of Jesus College, Oxford, 1671-2; joint commissioner of the admiralty, 1575.

[203] David Lewis (1617-1679), Jesuit. See Charles Baker.

[204] David Lewis (1683?-1760), poet; probably educated at Westminster and Jesus College, Oxford: B.A., 1702; published Miscellaneous Poems by Several Hands 1726,Philip of Macedon(tragedy), 1727, acted three times, and Collection of Miscellany Poems 1730.

[205] Edward Lewis (1701–1784), miscellaneous writer ; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1726; held several livings and wrote and preached against Roman Catholicism.

[206] Erasmus Lewis (1670–1754), the friend of Swift and Pope; educated at Westminster and Trinity College, Cambridge; B.A., 1693: wrote news-letters from Berlin, 1698; secretary to the English ambassador at Paris, 1701, to Robert Harley, 1704, and secretary at Brussels, 1708; came to London, 1710; M.P., Lostwithiel, Cornwall, 1713; intimate with Prior, Arbuthnot, Pope, Gay, and Swift

[207] Evan Lewis (1828–1869), independent minister ; B.A. London; served various independent chapels; F.R.G.S.; fellow of the Ethnological Society; published religious works.

[208] Frederick Christian Lewis (1779–1856), engraver and landscape-painter: brother of Charles Lewis (1786-1836); studied under J. 0. Stadler and in the schools of the Royal Academy; aquatinted most of Girtin's etchings of Paris, 1803; made transcripts of drawings by the great masters for Ottley'sItalian School of Design 1808-12; executed plates for Chamberlaine'sOriginal Designs of the most celebrated Masters in the Royal Collection 1812; engraved Sir Thomas Lawrence's crayon portraits; engraver of drawings to Princess Charlotte, Prince Leopold, George IV, William IV, and Queen Victoria: painted landscapes, chiefly of Devonshire scenery; published several volumes of plates illustrating the Devonshire rivers between 1821 and 1843, and also etchings of theScenery of the Rivers of England and Wales 1845-7.

[209] Frederick Christian Lewis (1813–1875),. painter; son of Frederick Christian Lewis (1779-1856) ; studied under Sir Thomas Lawrence; went to India, 1834, and painted pictures of durbars for native princes, engraved by his father, and published in England; died at Genoa.

[210] George Lewis (1763–1822), dissenting divine; issued a manual of divinity in Welsh which became very popular, 1796, and a valuable Welsh commentary on the 1 New Testament, 1802; head of Abergavenny Theological College, 1812-22.

[211] Sir George Cornewall Lewis, second baronet (1806-1863), statesman and author; son of Sir Thomas Frankland Lewis; of Eton and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1831; assistant-commissioner to inquire into the condition of the poorer classes in Ireland, 1833, and into the state of religious and other instruction, 1834; joint-commissioner to inquire into the affairs of Malta, 1836-8; a poor-law commissioner for England and Wales, 1839-47; liberal M.P., Herefordshire, 1847; secretary to board of control, 1847; under-secretary for the home department, 1848; financial secretary to the treasury, 1860-2; editor of theEdinburgh Review to which he contributed eighteen articles, 1852-5; succeeded to baronetcy, 1855; M.P. for Radnor boroughs, 1855-63; published Enquiry into the Credibility of the Early Roman History 1855; chancellor of the exchequer, 1856-1858; home secretary, 1859-61; secretary for war, 1861-3: published, among other works on politics,A Treatise on the Methods of Observation and Reasoning in Polities (1852).

[212] George Robert Lewis (1782–1871), painter of landscapes and portraits; brother of Charles Lewis (17861836); studied at the Royal Academy schools; exhibited landscapes, 1805-7; accompanied Thomas Frognall Dibdin as draughtsman on his continental journey, and illustrated Dibdin's Bibliographical and Picturesque Tour through France and Germany* (published, 1821); etchedGroups illustrating the Physiognomy, Manners, and Character of the People of France and Germany 1823: exhibited portraits and landscapes and flgure-subjecte, 1820-59.

[213] Griffith George Lewis (1784–1859), lieutenant-general; colonel-commandant, royal engineers; educated at Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; lieutenant, 1803; fought at Maida, 1806; captain, 1807; served in Spanish campaign under Wellington, 1813; served in Newfoundland, 1819-27; lieutenant-colonel, 1825: commanded royal engineers at Jersey, 1830-6; at the Oape of Good Hope, 1836-42; in Ireland, 1842-7; at Portsmouth, 1847-51: joint-editor of the Professional Papers of the Corps of Royal Engineers and of theCorps Papers 1847-64; governor of the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, 1851-6; lieutenant-general, 1858.

[214] Hubert Lewis (1825–1884), jurist ; educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge; B.A., 1848; barrister, Middle Temple, 1854; publishedPrinciples of Conveyancing," 1863,Principles of Equity Drafting 1865; his Ancient Laws of Wales published, 1889.

[215] James Henry Lewis (1786–1853), stenographer ; taught and lectured on writing and stenography in the principal towns of the United Kingdom; his system of shorthand,The Art of Writing with the Velocity of Speech issued anonymously, 1814; his Historical Account of the Rise and Progress of Shorthand 1816, still the best history of the subject.

[216] John Lewis (1675–1747), author; educated at Exeter College, Oxford; B.A., 1697; ordained, 1698; vicar of Minster, Kent, 1709-47; M.A., 1712; master of Eastbridge Hospital, Canterbury, 1717; chiefly known by his biographies of Wycliffe (1720 and 1723), Caxton (1737), Pecock (1744), and Bishop Fisher (first printed, 1855); published valuable topographical works dealing mainly with Kent; made important contributions to religious history and bibliography.

[217] John Delaware Lewis (1828–1884), miscellaneous writer; born in St. Petersburg; educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge; published Sketches of Cantabs 1849; M.A., 1853; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1858; M.P., Devonport, 1868-74; wrote miscellaneous works in French and English.

[218] John Frederick Lewis (1805–1876), painter of Italian, Spanish, and Oriental subjects: son of Frederick Christian Lewis (1779-1856): painted and exhibited animal subjects, 1820-32; member of the Water-colour Society, 1829; visited Spain, 1832-4; painted Spanish subjects until about 1841; travelled in the East, 1839-51: painted oriental subjects, 1850-76, based on sketches made during his travels; R.A., 1865.

[219] Joyce Lewis or Jocasta (f. 1557), martyr; daughter of Thomas Curzon of Croxall, Staffordshire; married, first, Sir George Appleby, and, secondly, Thomas Lewis; became a protestaut, was imprisoned, 1556, and burned.

[220] Leopold David Lewis (1828–1890), dramatist ; dramatisedThe Bellsfrom Erckmann-Chatrian'sLe Juif Polonais produced 1871; author of The Wandering Jew 1873, Give a Dog a bad Name 1876, and The Foundlings 1881; conductedThe Mask 1868, and published 4 A Peal of Merry Bells (tales), 1880.

[221] Lady Maria Theresa Lewis (1803–1865), biographer; granddaughter of Thomas Villiers, first earl of Clarendon, and sister of George William Frederick Villiers, fourth earl of Clarendon; married, first, Thomas Henry Lister, 1830, and, secondly, Sir George Cornewall Lewis, 1844; published The Lives of the Friends and Contemporaries of Lord Chancellor Clarendon 1852; edited Extracts of the Journals of Miss Berry 1865.

[222] Mark Lewis (fl. 1678), financial and miscellaneous writer; invented a new method of teaching (patented), and published works expounding it between 1670 ? an.l 1.575?: proposed quack schemes of financial reforms in pamphlet*, issued, 1676-8.

[223] Matthew Gregory Lewis (1775–1818), author of The Monk; of Westminster and Christ Oxford: attache to the British embaasy at the Hague, 1794; published The Monk 1795, and immediately became famous; M.P., Hindoo, 1796-1802; brought out theCastle Spectreat Drury Lane, 1798; made Walter Scott's acquaintance (1798), and procured the publication of his translation of Goetz von Berlichlngen," 17W; visited his West Indian property in order to arrange for the proper treatment of the slaves, 1815-16 and 1817-18; died at sea on his way home. His writings are memorable on account of their influence on Scott's early poetical efforts: some of his numerous dramas and tales were translated from the German. HisJournal of a West Indian Proprietor 1834, is interesting as showing the condition of the negroes in Jamaica at the time.

[224] Moroaxwo Lewis , Le, of Glamorganshire (Jl. 1500-1540), Welsh bard; author of a poem on St. Iltutu* , entitledCowydd 8t nityd printed with an English translation in the lolo M83.

[225] Owen Lewis , also known as Lewis Owen (1532-1594), bishop of Cassano; of Winchester and New College, Oxford; B.C.L., 1559; went to Douay University, 1561; appointed regius professor of law at Douay; canon of Cambray Cathedral and archdeacon of Hainault; bishop of Cassano, 1588; died at Rome.

[226] Samuel Lewis , the younger (d. 1862), topographer; son of Samuel Lewis the elder; author ofIslington as it was and as it is 1854, and other works.

[227] Samuel Lewis , the elder (d, 1865), publisher ; his best-known publications, topographical dictionaries, edited by Joseph Haydn, and atlases, 1831-42.

[228] Samuel Savage Lewis (1836–1891), librarian of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge; grandson of George Lewis; educated at the City of London School and St. John's College, Cambridge: studied farming in Canada, 1857-60; migrated to Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 1865, and fellow, 1869; librarian of Corpus Christi College, 1870-91; M.A., 1872; P.S.A., 1872; ordained, 1872; a diligent antiquary; bequeathed his collections of coins, gems, and vases to his college.

[229] Stuart Lewis (1756?–1818), Scottish poet; roamed over Scotland as the mendicant bard; produced his poem, Fair Helen of Kirkconnell 1796, with an interesting preface on the history of the ballad on the same theme; O'er the Muir the most noteworthy of his lyrics.

[230] Thomas Lewis (1689–1749?), controversialist: of Corpus Christi College, Oxford; B.A., 1711; ordained, 1713; forced to hide on account of the libellous nature of his periodical publication, The Scourge, in Vindication of the Church of England 1717; continued to issue controversial writings, 1719-35.

[231] Sir Thomas Frankland Lewis , first baronet (1780-1855), politician; grandson of Sir Thomas Frankland; of Eton and Christ Church, Oxford; lieutenant-colonel of the Radnorshire militia, 1806-16; M.P., Beaumaris, 1812-26, Enuis, 1826-8; Radnorshire, 1828-34, Radnor boroughs, 1847-55; member of commission to inquire into Irish revenue, 1821, of commi?Mon to inquire into revenue of Great Britain and Ireland, 1822, and of commission on Irish education, 1825-8: jointsecretary to the treasury, 1827; vice-president of the board of trade and privy councillor, 1828; treasurer of the navy, 1830; chairman of the poor-law commission, 1834-9; created baronet, 1846.

[232] Thomas Taylor Lewis (1801–1868), geologist and antiquary; M.A. St John's College, Cambridge, 1828; investigated the Silurian system: edited for the Camden Society the Letters of Lady Brilliana HMle

[233] Titus Lewis (1773–1811) baptist minister; in charge of baptist church at Carmarthen; published Welsh theological works, 1802-11.

[234] William Lewis (1592–1667), master of the hospital of St. cross, Winchester, and canon of Winchester; educated at Hart Hall, Oxford; B.A. and fellow of Oriel, 1608; M.A., 1612; chaplain to Lord Chancellor Bacon; provost of Oriel, 1618-21; in the service of George Villiers, duke of Buckingham, 1627-8; canon of Winchester, 1827; D.D. Oxford, 1627; chaplain to Charles I and master of the hospital of St. Cross, 1628; D.D. Cambridge, 1629; ejected under the Commonwealth; reinstated, 1660.

[235] William Lewis (1714–1781), chemist; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1737; MJB., 1741; M.D., 1745; delivered the oration at opening of Radcliffe Library, 1749; chief works,The New Dispensatory 1753, and Experimental History of the Materia Medica 1761.

[236] William Lewis (1787–1870), writer on chess and chess-player, also a teacher of chess: published elementary works on chess between 1814 and 1835.

[237] William Garrett Lewis (1821–1885), baptist minister; obtained clerkship in post office, 1840; became a baptist, and was chosen minister; secretary of the London Baptist Association, which he helped to found, 1866-9, and president, 1870; editor of theBaptist Magazine for twenty years.

[238] William Thomas Lewis (1748?–1811), called Gentleman Lewis, actor; great-grandson of Erasmus Lewis; appeared at Dublin, 1770-2, at Covent Garden, London, 1773-1809; played more characters, original and established, than almost any other English comedian; created, among other parts, Faulkland in the Rivals Doricourt in the Belle's Stratagem and Jeremy Diddler in Raising the Wind; deputy-manager of Covent Garden, 1782-1804; lessee of the Liverpool Theatre, 1803-1811.

[239] Jane Lewson (1700?–1816), commonly called Lady Lewson; eccentric centenarian ; her maiden name Vaughan; after the death of her husband (1726) lived in close retirement. Her peculiarities possibly suggested Dickens's character of Miss Havisham.

[240] Ap Rhys Ap Owain Lewys (d. 1616?). See Lewys Dwnn.

[241] Barons Lexington . See SUTTON, ROBERT, first Baron 1694–1668; SUTTON, ROBERT, second BARON, 1661-1723.

[242] Henry de Lexinton (d. 1258), bishop of Lincoln ; brother of John de Lexinton; dean of Lincoln, 1245; bishop of Lincoln, 1253-8.

[243] John de Lexinton or Lessington (d. 1257), baron, judge, and often described as keeper of the great seal; a clerk in chancery; had custody of great seal for short periods in 1238, 1242, 1247, 1249, 1253; king's seneschal, 1247; chief-justice of the forests north of the Trent, and governor of several northern castles, 1256; put in fetters the Jew Copin, supposed murderer, with his co-religionists, of Hugh of Lincoln, 1255.

[244] Oliver de Lexinton (f. 1299). See Sutton.

[245] Robert de Lexinton or Lessington (d. 1250), judge; prebendary of Southwell; senior of the justices, 1234; chief of the itinerant justices for the northern division, 1240.

[246] Stephen de Lexinton or Lessington (fl.–1260), abbot of Clairvaux; studied at Paris and Oxford; prebendary of Southwell. 1214; abbot of Savigny, Normandy, 1229; abbot of Clairvaux, 1243-55; founded house in Paris for scholars of bis order, 1244.

[247] Hugh Ley (1790–1837), physician; M.D. Edinburgh, 1813; L.R.C.P., 1818; published An Essay on Larynirismus Stridulus, or Crouplike Inspiration of Infants, the first work containing a full pathological description of the malady, 1856.

[248] James Ley, first Earl of Marlborough (1550-1629), judge; of Brasenose College, Oxford; B.A.. 1574 barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1584; M.P., Westbury, 1597-8 1604-6, and 1609-11; bencher of Lincoln's Inn, 1600 reader, 1602; serjeant-at-law and knighted, 1603; lord chief-justice of king's bench in Ireland, 1604; com of the great seal at Dublin, 1605; commissioner for the plantation of Ulster, 1608; attorney of the court of wards and liveries in England, 1608; governor of Lincoln's Inn, 1609-22: M.P., Bath, 1614; created baron, 1619: lord chief-justice of king's bench, 1622-4; lord high treasurer and privy councillor, 1624.and created Baron Ley of Ley in Devonshire, 1624; Earl of Marlborough, 1626: president of the council, 1628; member of Elizabethan Society of Antiquaries.

[249] James Ley, third Earl of Marlborough (1618-1665), naval captain; grandson of James Ley, first earl of Marlborough; succeeded to the title, 1638; royalist commander, 1643; established a colony, which soon failed, at Santa Cruz, West Indies, 1645; commanded the squadron which went to the East Indies to receive Bombay from the Portuguese, 1661; nominated governor of Jamaica, 1664; killed in naval action with Dutch, 1665.

[250] John Ley (1583–1662), puritan divine; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1608; prebendary of Chester, 1627; took the solemn league and covenant, 1643; president of Sion College, 1645; atrier 1653; held various rectories, and wrote religious works.

[251] Thomas Leybourn (1770–1840), mathematician; edited the Mathematical Repository 1799-1835; published A Synopsis of Data for the Construction of Triangles 1802; teacher of mathematics at the Military College, Sandhurst, 1802-39.

[252] William Leybourn (1626–1700?), mathematician; teacher of mathematics and professional land surveyor; joint-author of the first book on astronomy written in English, Urania Practica 1648; published 'The Compleat Surveyor 1653, Arithmetick, Vulgar, Decimal, and Instrumental 1657, The Line of Proportion or Numbers, commonly called Gunter's Line, made easie 1667; Cursus Mathematicus 1690, and Panarithmologia 1693 (the earliest ready-reckoner known in English).

[253] Roger de Leybourne, Leyburn, Lemburn, or Leeburn (d. 1271), warden of the Cinque ports; accompanied Henry III to Gascony, 1253; served against Llywelyn of Wales, 1256; sided with the barons, 1258, and was consequently deprived of all his revenues, c. 1260; took to marauding; associated himself with Simon de Montfort, 1263; reconciled to the king, 1264; took the king's side in the battle of Evesham, 1265.

[254] William de Leybourne (d. 1309), baron; son of Roger de Leybourne; served in Wales, 1277; constable of Pevensey, 1282; described as admiral of the sea of the king of England 1297; served in Scotland, 1299-1300 and 1304.

[255] George Leyburn (1593–1677), Roman catholic divine; studied at Douay, 1617-25; missioner in England, 1630; chaplain to Queeu Henrietta Maria; forced to retire to Douay, where he taught philosophy and divinity; D.D. Rheims; returned to England, but during the civil war retired to France and rendered services to the royalist party; president of the English college at Douay, 1652-70; died at Châlon-sur-Saône; author of religious works.

[256] John Leyburn (1620–1702), Roman catholic prelate; nephew of George Leyburn; educated at the English college, Douay; taught classics there; president, 1670-6; D.D.; vicar-apostolic of all England, 1685-8, and first vicar-apostolic of the London district, 1688; translated Kenelm Digby's treatise on the soul into Latin (Paris, 1661).

[257] John Leycester (fl. 1639), miscellaneous writer; B.A. Brasenose College, Oxford, 1622; works include A Manual of the Choicest Adagies 1623, and two poems, one on the death of Hampden, 1641, and another entitled England's Miraculous Preservation 1646.

[258] Sir Peter Leycester , first baronet (1614–1678), antiquary; of Brasenose College, Oxford; entered Gray's Inn, 1632; took royalist side in the civil war; rewarded with a baronetcy, 1660; author of Historical Antiquities in two Books 1673; contributed to the controversy concerning the legitimacy of Amicia, wife of Ralph Mainwariug, his ancestor.

[259] John Leyden (1775–1811), physician and poet: studied at Edinburgh University, 1790-7; contributed to theEdinburgh Literary Magazine contributed to Lewis's Tales of Wonder 1801: assisted Scott with earlier volumes of the 4 Border Minstrelsy 1802; published Scottish Descriptive Poems 1802; M.D. St. Andrews; assistant-surgeon at Madras, 1803-5; snttlnl at Calcutta, 1806; published his essay on the Indo- Persian, Indo-Chinese, and EK-kkmi languages, 1807; commissioner of the court of requests, Calcutta, 1809; assay-master of the mint, Calcutta, 1810; accompanied Lord Minto to Java, 1811; translated into English the Sejarah Malayu Malay Annals), published 1821, and Commentaries of Baber published 1826; died at Cornelia, Java.

[260] Joseph Bentley Leyland (.1811 - 1851), sculptor; his most important works a statue of Dr. Beckwith of York, in York Minster, and a group of African bloodhounds.

[261] Thomas Leyson (1549–1608?), poet and physician; of Winchester and New College, Oxford: fellow, 1509-86; M.A., 1576: M.B. and proctor, 1583; practised physic at Bath; wrote Latin verses.

[262] Edward Lhuyd (1660–1709), Celtic scholar and naturalist; entered Jesus College, Oxford, 1682; keeper of the Ashmolean Museum, 1690-1709; published catalogue of the figured fossils in the Ashmolean, 1699; M.A., 1701; vol. i. of his Archseologia Britannica* published, 1707; F.R.S., 1708; superior beadle of divinity in Oxford University, 1709.

[263] Saint Liafwine (fl. 755).

[264] Francis Liardet (1798–1863), captain in the navy; entered navy, 1809; served on the coast of Africa and on the North American station, 1810-14; lieutenant, 1824; on the South American station, 1833-8; commander and serving in the Mediterranean, 1838-40; obtained post rank, 1840; New Zealand Company's agent at Taranaki, 1841-2; publishedProfessional Recollections on Points of Seamanship, Discipline &c., 1849, and The Midshipman's Companion 1851; one of the, captains of Greenwich Hospital, 1856; published Friendly Hints to the Young Naval Lieutenant 1858.

[265] Matthew Hart (1736–1782?), engraver; apprenticed to Simon Francois Ravenet: published engravings after Benjamin West, P.R.A.

[266] Lord Libbertoun (d. 1650). See George Winram.

[267] Earls of Lichfield . See STUART, BERNARD, titular earl, 1623 ?-1646; LEE, GEORGE HENRY, third EARL of the Lee family, 1718-1772.

[268] Leonard Lichfield (1604–1657), printer and author: printer to the university of Oxford; printed public papers for Charles I, 1642-6.

[269] Leonard Lichfield (d. 1686), printer ; son of Leonard Lichfleld (1604-1657); printed at Oxford 'The Oxford Gazette a folio half-sheet, containing the government's official notices, the earliest English periodical of the kind (1665-6), which was continued in London asThe London Gazette

[270] William Lichfield (d. 1447), divine and poet ; D.D.; rector of All Hallows the Great, London; a famous preacher: left 3,083 sermons written in English with his own hand.

[271] Duncan Liddel (1561 - 1613), mathematician and physician; educated at Aberdeen: studied mathematics and physic at Frankfort-on-Oder; professor of mathematics at Helmstadt, 1691-1603; M.D. Helmstadt, 1596, and dean of the faculty of philosophy, 1599; prorector, 1604; returned to Scotland, 1607: endowed a professorship of mathematics in the Marischal College, Aberdeen, 1613; published medical works.

[272] Henry George Liddell (1811–1898), dean of Christ Church, Oxford; of Charterhouse and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1835; D.D., 1865; tutor, 1836, and censor, 1845, of Christ Church, Oxford; White's professor of moral philosophy, 1845; domestic chaplain to Prince Albert, 1846; head-master of Westminster School, 1846-55; published (1843), with Robert Scott (1811-1887), Greek-English Lexicon which he revised alone for 7thelit., 1883; member of first Oxford University oommlssion, 1862; dean of Christ ri.-.ir. rook prominent part in administrative reforms at Chri-t Church: vice-chancellor, 1870-4: Iran. LM. K-llnburgh, 1884: hon. D.C.L. Oxford, 1893: his publications include A History of Ancient Rome 1855.

[273] Henry Thomas Liddell , first Earl of Ravensworth (1797–1878), educated at Eton an John's College, Cambridge: M.P., Northumberland, 1886: North Durham, 1837-47; Liverpool, 1853-5: succeeded liis father as second Baron Ravens worth (of a second creation), 1855: created Earl of Ravens worth and Baron Eslington, 1874; published original poems, and translations from Horace and Virgil.

[274] Sir John Liddell (1794–1868), director-general of the medical department of the royal navy, 1854-64; M.D. Edinburgh; entered the navy as assistant-surgeon, 1812; L.R.C.S., 1821; director of the hospital at Malta, 1831; Inspector of fleets and hospitals, 1844; F.H.P., 1846; deputy inspector-general of Haslar Hospital; inspector-general of Royal Hospital, Greenwich; knighted, 1848; honorary physician to Queen Victoria, 1859: K.C.B., 1864.

[275] Knight of Liddesdale (1300?–l?53). See Sir William Douglas.

[276] William Liddiard (1773–1841), miscellaneous writer; entered University College, Oxford, 1792; in the army, 1794-6: B.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1803; author of poems and a book of travels.

[277] Henry Parry Liddon (1829–1890), canon of St. Paul's Cathedral, London, and preacher; of King's College School, London, and Christ Church, Oxford; B.A., 1860: ordained, 1853; joined Pusey and Keble; vice-principal of Bishop Wilberforce's Theological College, Cuddesdon, 18541859; vice-principal of St. Edmund's Hall, Oxford, 1869; on the hebdomadal board three times between 1864 and 1875; Bampton lecturer, 1866; B.D., D.D., and D.C.L., 1870: Ireland professor of exegesis, 1870-82; canon of St. Paul's Cathedral, 1870: chancellor of St. Paul's Cathedral, 1886: his sermons at St. Paul's for twenty years a central fact of London life; most of his sermons published; left ready for publication three volumes of a Life of Pusey.

[278] Gilbert of Lifard . (d. 1305). See Gilbert.

[279] Lifford first Viscount (1709 - 1789). See James Hewitt.

[280] Edward Light (1747–1832), professor of music and inventor of musical instruments; organist of St. George's, Hanover Square, 1794: invented the harpguitar and the lute-harp, 1798, and the harp-lyre, luteharp, and dital-harp, 1816; publishedA First Book on Music 1794, Lessons and Songs for the Guitar" In 1795 and 1800, and instructions for lute-playing, 1800 and 1817.

[281] William Light (1784–1838), colonel : surveyorgeneral of South Australia and founder of the city of Adelaide; lieutenant, 1809; served in the Pt-ninsula; captain, 1821; employed in navy of Mehemet A15, pasha of Egypt; surveyor-general of South Australia, 1836; selected site for city of Adelaide, 1836: died at Port Adelaide; author of A Trigonometrical Survey of Adelaide

[282] Hannah Lightfoot (fl. 1768), the beautiful quakeress; said by scandal to have been secretly married to George, prince of Wales, afterwards George III.

[283] John Lightfoot (1602–1675), biblical critic-; entered Christ's College, Cambridge, 1617: took holy orders and held various cures; his first work,Erubhim, or Miscellanies, Christian and Judaical 1629: master of Catharine Hall, Cambridge, 1650; D.D., 1652; vicecliancellor of his university, 1654: prebendary of Kly. 1668; aided in Walton's Polyglot Bible, 1657; the first collected edition of his works published, 1684.

[284] John Lightfoot (1735–1788), naturalist : M.A. Pembroke College, Oxford, 176; in holy orders, holding several cures; published theFlora Scotica 1778; F.H.s.. 1781: member of the Linnean Society.

[285] Joseph Barber Lightfoot (1828 - 1889), :rham, divine aud scholar; educated at s School, Birmingham, and Trinity College, Cambridge: B.A., 1851: fellow of Trinity College, 1858-79: edited Journal of Classical and Sacred Philology 1854-9; ordained, 1858; member of the * council of senate," 1860; Hulseau professor of divinity, 1861; chaplain to Queen Victoria, 1862; member of the New Testament Company of Revisers, 1870-80; Lady Margaret professor of divinity, 1875; bishop of Durham, 1879-89; published many valuable works on biblical criticism and early post-biblical Christian history and iterature.

[286] Edward Ligonier , first Earl Ligonier in the peerage of Ireland (d. 1782), lieutenant-general; son of Francis Ligonier; entered the army, 1752; present at Minden, 1759; succeeded his uncle, Earl Ligoiiier, in the Irish viscountcy, 1770; created Earl Ligouier, 1776: lieutenant-general, 1777; K.B., 1781.

[287] Francis Ligonier , otherwise François Auguste (d. 1746), colonel in the British army ; brother of John Ligonier, first earl Ligonier; entered the army, 1720; present at Dettingen, 1743; colonel, 1745.

[288] John Ligonier , otherwise Jean Louis, first Earl Ligonier (1680-1770), field-marshal in the British army; born at Castres, France; educated in France and Switzerland; came to Dublin, 1697; fought under Maryborough at Blenheim, 1704, Ramillies, 1706, Oudenarde, 1708, Malplaquet, 1709; governor of Fort St. Philip, Minorca, 1712; adjutant-general of the Vigo expedition, 1718; colonel of the black horse (now 7th dragoons), 1720-49; majorgeneral and governor of Kinsale, 1739; present at Dettingen, 1743; K.B. and lieutenant-general, 1743; commanded the British foot at Fontenoy, 1745; commander- in -chief in the Austrian Netherlands, 1746-7; M.P., Bath, 1748; governor of Jersey, 1750, of Plymouth, 1752; commander in-chief and created Viscount Ligonier of EnuiskQlen, co. Fermanagh, 1757; master-general of the ordnance, 1759-62; his title altered to Viscount Ligonier of Clonmell, 1762; created Baron Ligonier in peerage of Great Britain, 1763; created Earl Ligonier of Ripley, Surrey, 1766: field marshal, 1766.

[289] John Lilburne (1614?–1657), political agitator; accused before the Star-chamber of printing and circulating unlicensed books, 1637; imprisoned, 1638-40; fought for the parliament, 1642-5; left the service, because he would not take the covenant, 1645; expressed his distrust of the army leaders in pamphlets, 1648-9; sent to the Tower, tried and acquitted, 1649; advocated release of trade from the restrictions of chartered companies and monopolists, 1650; exiled for supporting his uncle, George Lilburne, in his quarrel with Sir Arthur Hesilrige, 1652-3; allowed to return to England, but on refusing to promise compliance with the government was confined in Jersey and Guernsey, and at Dover Castle till 1655; joined the Quakers.

[290] Robert Lilburne (1613–1665), regicide ; brother of John Lilburne; entered the parliamentarian army; signed Charles I's death-warrant, 1649; served in Cromwell's Scottish campaigns, 1651-2; M.P. for the East Riding of Yorkshire, 1656; acted with Lambert, 1659; condemned to life-long imprisonment, 1660.

[291] Lilford fourth Baron (1833–1896). See Thomas Littleton Powys.

[292] Luke Lillingston (1663–1713), brigadier-general; served in Ireland under William III; in the Martinique expedition, 1693; in Jamaica, 1695; brigadier-general, 1704; ordered to Antigua, 1707, whither his regiment had been sent in 1706; deprived of command for unreadiness, 1708.

[293] George Lillo (1693–1739), dramatist; his famous tragedy, The London Merchant, or the History of George Barnwell first acted, 1731: hisChristian Heroacted, 1735; his Fatal Curiosity produced, 1736, and Elmerick, or Justice Triumphant after his death, 1740; helped to popularise thedomestic drama in England.

[294] Christian Lilly (d. 1738), military engineer; commenced his military career in service of the Dukes of Zelte and Hanover, 1685; entered service of William III, 1688: engineer of the office of ordnance, 1692; employed in the West Indies as engineer, 1693 and 1694-5; chief engineer at Jamaica, 1696; third engineer of England, 1701-15; chief engineer in West Indies, 1704-38.

[295] Edmond Lilly (d. 1716), portrait-painter ; executed indifferent portraits of enormous dimensions; his best-known work a portrait of Queen Anne, 1703.

[296] Henry Lilly (d. 1638), Rouge-dragon pursuivant ; educated at Christ's Hospital; Rouge-rose pursuivant, 1634; Rouge-dragon pursuivant, 1638; left in manuscript Pedigrees of Nobility and The Genealogie of the Priucelie Familie of the Howards

[297] John Lilly (1554?-1606).

[298] William Lilly (1602–1681), astrologer ; wrote a treatise onThe Eclipse of the Sun in the eleventh Degree of Gemini, 22 May 1639 1639; published bis first almanac, Merlinus Anglicus Junior, the English Merlin revived 1644, and henceforth prepared one every year till his death; began to issue pamphlets of prophecy, 1644; publishedChristian Astrology modestly treated in three Books long an authority in astrological literature, 1647; while ostensibly serving the parliament endeavoured to aid Charles I, 1647-8; claimed scientific value for his 'Annus Tenebrosus, or the dark Year, together with a short Method how to judge the Effects of Eclipses 1652; studied medicine; granted a licence to practise, 1670. His published writings consist mainly of astrological predictions and vindications of their correctness; his chief non-professional work is his True History of King James I and King Charles I 1651.

[299] Frederick William Lillywhite (1792-1854), cricketer; a bricklayer by trade; in middle life took a foremost place among professional cricketers; played his first match at Lord's, 1827; known as the Nonpareil Bowler; bowler to the M.C.C., 1844-54.

[300] George Lily (d. 1559), Roman catholic divine; son of William Lily; educated at Magdalen College, Oxford; domestic chaplain to Cardinal Pole; canon of Canterbury, 1558; author of some Latin historical works.

[301] Peter Lily or Lilly (d. 1615), archdeacon of Taunton; grandson of William Lily; educated at Jesus College, Cambridge; fellow; M.A. and D.D.; prebendary of St. Paul's, 1699; archdeacon of Taunton, 1613; Conciones Duae and Two Sermons published in 1619.

[302] William Lily (1468?–1522), grammarian; probably entered Magdalen College, Oxford, 1486; graduated; made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem; studied Greek and Latin and classical antiquities in Italy; engaged in teaching in London; high-master of St. Paul's School, London, 1512-22; contributed a short Latin syntax, with the rules in English, under the title of Grammatices Rudimenta to Colet's.Editio first printed, 1527.

[303] Limerick, first Earl of the second creation (1758-1845). See Edmund Henry Pery.

[304] Richard Limpus (1824–1875), founder of the College of Organists, 1864; secretary, 1864-75; composed sacred and secular music.

[305] Thomas Linacre (1460?–1524), physician and classical.scholar; educated at Oxford; fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, 1484; went to Italy, c. 1485-6; M.D. Padua; returned to England about 1492; one of Henry VIII's physicians, 1509; lectured at Oxford, 1510; received many ecclesiastical preferments, 1509-20; mainly instrumental in founding College of Physicians, 1518; Latin tutor to the Princess Mary, 1623, for whom he composed a Latin grammar, Rudimenta Grammatices: founded lectureships in medicine at Oxford and Cambridge; wrote grammatical and medical works, and translated from the Greek, especially from Galen.

[306] Richard Linche or Lynche (fl. 1596–1601), poet; author ofThe Fountaine of English Fiction 1599, and An Historical Treatise of the Travels of Noah into Europe 1601, both so-called translations from the Italian; supposed to be the R. L. gentleman who published in 1596 a volume of sonnets entitled Diella.

[307] Earls of Lincoln . See ROUMARE, WILLIAM DE, fl. 1140; LACY, JOHN DK, first EARL of the Lacy family, d. 1240; LACY, HENRY DE, third EARL, 1249 V-1311; I'MI.I:, JOHN DE LA, 1464 ?-1487; CLIXTON, EDWARD FIKXXKS UK, first EARL of the Clinton family, 1512-1586; CLINTON, HENRY FIEXXKS, ninth EARL, 1720-1794.

[308] Hugh of Lincoln , Saint (1246?–1255). See Hugh.

[309] James Lind (1716–1794), physician; surgeon in the navy; served at Minorca (1739) and in the West Indies, Mediterranean, and Channel; M.D. Edinburgh, 1748: fellow of the College of Physicians of Edinburgh, 1750; physician to the Naval Hospital, Haslar, 1758-94; published An Essay on Diseases incidental to Europeans in Hot Climates 1768, and other medical works; discovered lemon-juice to be a specific for scurvy at sea.

[310] James Lind (1736–1812), physician ; M.D. Edinburgh, 1768; fellow of the Edinburgh College of Physicians. 1770; made a voyage to Iceland, 1772; F.R.S., 1777; settled at Windsor and became physician in the royal household; interested in astronomy and science; had a private press at which he printed mysterious little books, and (1795) Sir Robert Douglas'sGenealogy of the Families of Lind and the Montgomeries of Smithson

[311] Johanna Maria Lind , known as Jenny Lind, and afterwards as MADAME JENNY LIND-GOLDSCHMIDT (18201887), vocalist; born at Stockholm; began to study singing at the Royal Theatre, Stockholm, 1830; first appearance at the theatre, 1838; appointed court singer, 1840; studied in Paris under Garcia; visited professionally Finland and Copenhagen, 1843, Dresden and Berlin, and other German cities, 1844-5, and Vienna, 1846-7; first appeared in London, 1847; retired from the operatic stage, but continued to sing at concerts, 1849; made tours in America, 1850-2; married Mr. Otto Goldschmidt of Hamburg, 1852, and lived at Dresden, 1852-5; made tours in Germany, Austria, and Holland, 1854-5, in Great Britain, 1855-6; became a naturalised British subject, 1859; made her last appearance in public, 1883; professor of singing at the Royal College of Music, 1883-6.

[312] John Lind (1737–1781), political writer; M.A. Balliol College, Oxford, 1761; went to Warsaw and became tutor to Prince Stanislaus Poniatowski; appointed governor of an institution for educating four hundred cadets; F.S.A.; returned to England, 1773; published his Letters concerning the Present State of Poland 1773; F.R.S., 1773; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1776; wrote also on the American war.

[313] Thomas Lindesay (1656–1724), archbishop of Armagh; of Wadham College, Oxford; M.A., 1678; fellow, 1679; D.D., 1693; dean of St. Patrick's, Dublin, 1693; bishop of Killaloe, 1693-1713, and of Raphoe, 1713-14; archbishop of Armagh, 1714.

[314] William Lindewood (1375?–1446). See Lyndwood.

[315] John Lindley (1799–1865), botanist and horticulturist; published his first book, a translation of Richard's Analyse du Fruit 1819; assistant-librarian to Sir Joseph Banks; published * Rosarum Monographia 1820; F.L.S. and F.G.S., 1820; assistant-secretary to the Horticultural Society, 1822-41; F.R.S., 1828; professor of botany in the University of London, 1829-60; lecturer on botany to the Apothecaries Company, 1836-53; vice-secretary, 1841-58; honorary secretary and member of the council, 1858-62; helped to found the GardenersChronicle 1841. His chief work was The Vegetable Kingdom 1846.

[316] Robert Lindley (1776–1855), violoncellist ; principal violoncello at the opera, 1794-1851; professor of the Royal Academy of Music, 1822; the greatest violoncellist of his time.

[317] William Lindley (1808–1900), civil engineer ; engineer-in-chief to Hamburg and Bergedorf railway, 1838-60; designed Hamburg sewerage and water works, and drainage and reclamation of the Hammerbrook district; consulting engineer to city of Frankfort-onIlaiu, 1865-79.

[318] Patrick Lindon (. 1734), Irish poet; some of his songs, which were very popular while Irish was spoken in the district of the Fewa, co. Armagh, are extant in manuscript,

[319] Alexander Lindsay , fourth Earl of Crawford (d. 1454), sumamed the Tiger Earl, and also 'Beardie Earl' ; hereditary sheriff of Aberdeen, 1446 ; warden of the marches, 1451; engaged in quarrels with other Scottish nobles, 1445-52; received king's pardon, 1453.

[320] Alexander Lindsay, first Baron Spynie (d. 1607), fourth son of the tenth Earl of Crawford; brother of David Lindsay, eleventh earl of Crawford; vice-chamberlain to James VI; created Baron Spynie, 1590; accused of harbouring the Earl of Bothwell, 1592; tried and acquitted; slain by a pitiful mistake in a brawl in his own house.

[321] Alexander Lindsay (d. 1639), bishop of Dunkeld; bishopric bestowed on him, 1607; deposed, 1638.

[322] Alexander Lindsay, second Baron Spynie (d. 1646), eldest son of Alexander, first baron Spynie; commander-in-chief in Scotland, 1626-46; served under Gustavus Adolphus, 1628-33; supported Charles I against the covenanters.

[323] Alexander Lindsay , second Baron Balcarres and first Earl of Balcarres (1618-1659), eldest son of David Lindsay, first baron Balcarres, and grandson of John Lindsay, lord Menmuir: succeeded his father, 1641; present at Marston Moor, 1644; declared for the king, severing his connection with the covenanting party, 1648; admitted to parliament, 1649; a commissioner of the exchequer, 1650; created Earl of Balcarres and hereditary governor of Edinburgh Castle, 1651; visited France to advise the king, 1653 and 1654; finally resided at the court of Charles II; died at Breda.

[324] Alexander Lindsay , sixth Earl of Balcarres (1752-1825), eldest son of James Lindsay, fifth earl of Balcarres, and grandson of Colin Lindsay, third earl ; succeeded to peerage, 1768; studied at Gbttingen, 1768-70; captain, 1771; major, 1775; present at Ticonderoga, 1777; compelled to surrender and a prisoner till 1779; lieutenant-colonel, 1782; Scots representative peer, 1784-1825; colonel, 1789; major-general and commander of the forces in Jersey, 1793; governor of Jamaica, 17941801; lieutenant-general, 1798; general, 1803; completed the Memoirs of the Lindsays begun by his father, and left manuscript Anecdotes of a Soldier's Life

[325] Sir Alexander Lindsay (1785–1872), general ; colonel-commandant, royal (late Bengal) artillery; educated at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; received his first Indian commission as first lieutenant, 1804; on active service, 1806-18; captain, 1813; major, 1820; lieutenant-colonel, 1824; colonel and colonel-commandant, 1835; superintendent of telegraphs and agent for the manufacture of gunpowder; served in first Burmese war; major-general, 1838; lieutenant-general, 1851; general, 1859; K.C.B., 1862.

[326] Sir Alexander de Lindsay of Luffness] (fl. 1283-1309), high chamberlain of Scotland under Alexander III; wavered in his allegiance, sometimes supporting the English, sometimes the Scottish sovereign.

[327] Alexander William Crawford Lindsay , twenty-fifth Earl of Crawford and eighth Earl of Balcarres(1812-1880), of Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1833; travelled and collected books; succeeded to the earldoms, 1869; died at Florence; chief works, * Lives of the Lindsays 1840, andSketches of the History of Christian Art 1847.

[328] Lady Anne Lindsay (1750–1825). See Barnard.

[329] Colin Lindsay , third Earl of Balcarres (1654?1722), second son of Alexander Lindsay, second baron Balcarres and first earl of Balcarres; succeeded his brother in the earldom, 1662; went to sea with the Duke of York and distinguished himself at Solebay, 1672; privy councillor, 1680; a commissioner of the treasury, 1686; was connected with the Montgomery plot for James ITs restoration; left the country, 1690; settled at Utrecht; returned to Scotland, 1700; privy councillor, 1 705; supported the union, 1707; published his Memoirs touching the Revolution in Scotland 1714. a valuable narrative of proceedings and negotiations 01 1688-90; joined Prinoe Charles Edward, 1715.

[330] Colin Lindsay (1819–1892), founder of English Church Union: fourth son of James Lindsay, twenty-fourth earl of Crawford: educated at Trinity College, Cambridge; founder.md pn -idnit of Manchester Church Society, which developed (I860) into English Church Union; president, 1860-7; joined Roman catholic church, 1868: published theological writings.

[331] Sir David Lindsay , first Earl of Crawford (1865 7-1407), chiefly celebrated for his successful tournament with Lord Welles at London Bridge, 135)0: succeeded as tenth Baron Crawford, 1397; created Earl of Crawford, 1398; deputy-chamberlain north of the Forth, 1406.

[332] David Lindsay , fifth Earl of Crawford and first DUKE OF MONTROSE (1440?-1495), eldest son of Alexander Lindsay, fourth earl of Crawford; succeeded to the earldom, 1454; ward of Sir James Hamilton of Cadzow, first baron Hamilton, whose daughter he married, 1459; sheriff of Forfar, 1466; lonl high admiral, 1476: master of the household, 1480; lord chamberlain, 1483; joint high justiciary of the north of Scotland, 1488; created Duke of Montrose, 1488, the first time such a dignity was conferred on a Scotsman not a member of the royal family; privy councillor, 1490.

[333] Sir David Lindsay or Lyndsay (1490–1555), Scottish poet and Lyon king of arms; entered the royal service as equerry; usher to Prince James (afterwards James V), 1512-22; his first poem,The Dreme written 1528, not printed till after bis death; Lyon king of arms, 1529; circulated The Complaynt to the King 1589, and The Testament and Complaynt of our Soverane Lordis Papyngo 1530; his first embassy as Lyon king to the court of the Emperor Charles V, 1531; his principal poem, Ane Satyre of the Three Estaits a drama, produced, 1540; his Register of Arms of the Scottish Nobility and Gentry (unpublished till 1821), the best source for early Scottish heraldry, completed 1542; printedAne Dialog betoix Experience and ane Courteour 1552, and The Monarchy 1554; a satirist of abuses in church and state and the poet of the Scottish Reformation. Repeated editions of the poems have been published from 1558 to 1870.

[334] '^ David Lindsay, tenth Earl of Crawford (d. 1574), succeeded to earldom, 1558; supporter of Mary Queen of Scots, joining the association for her defence, 1568,

[335] David Lindsay , eleventh Earl of Crawford (1547 7-1607), eldest son of David Lindsay, tenth earl of Crawford; lived abroad, 1579-82; master stabler to the king and provost of Dundee, 1582; converted to Roman Catholicism and associated himself with the schemes of the Romanist nobles; convicted of treason and condemned to confinement, 1589.

[336] At end of David Lindsay , eleventh Earl of Crawford (1547 7-1607), eldest son of David Lindsay, tenth earl of Crawford; lived abroad, 1579-82; master stabler to the king and provost of Dundee, 1582; converted to Roman Catholicism and associated himself with the schemes of the Romanist nobles; convicted of treason and condemned to confinement, 1589.

[337] Sir David Lindsay of Edzell, Baron Edzell (1551?-1610), eldest son of the ninth Earl of Crawford; succeeded to the Edzell estates on death of his father, 1558, the earldom of Crawford passing to David Lindsay, tenth earl, son of Alexander Lindsay the 'wicked master', son of David Lindsay, eighth earl; educated on the continent with his brother, John Lindsay, lord Menmuir, under care of John Lawson fa. v.; knighted, 1581; lord of session as Lord Edzell, 1593; privy councillor, 1598; in seeking to avenge the murder of Sir Walter Lindsay of Balgavie indirectly occasioned the death of Alexander Lindsay, first baron Spynie, 1607.

[338] David Lindsay (1631?–1613), bishop of Ross; one of the twelve original ministers nominated to the chief places in Scotland,* 1560; one of the recognised leaden of the kirk; as chaplain of James VI of Scotland accompanied him to Norway to fetch home his bride, 1589; bishop of Ross, 1600; privy councillor, 1600.

[339] David Lindsay , twelfth Earl of Crawford (d. 1611), slew his kinsman, Sir Walter Lindsay of Balgavie , 1606; ultimately placed under surveillance in Edinburgh Castie.

[340] David Lindsay (1566?-1627), presbyterian divine ; pnibly son of David Lindsay (1531 V-1613); M.A. St. Andrews 1586; published theological work*.

[341] David Lindsay (. 1641?), bishop of Edinburgh : graduated at St. Andrews, 1693; master of Dundivnunmar school, 1597-1606; member of the hia;h commission, 1616; supported the king's articles at Perth assembly, 1618; rewarded with the bishopric of Brechin, 1619; crowned Charles I at Holyrood, 1633; bishop of Edinburgh and one of the lords of exchequer, 1634; deposed by the Glasgow assembly, 1638.

[342] George Lindsay , third Baron Spynie (rf. 1671), second son of Alexander Lindsay, second baron Spynie ; succeeded to the estates, 1646; supporter of Charles I; taken prisoner at the battle of Worcester, 1651, and committed to the Tower; reinstated in his possessions, 1660; became chief representative of the Lindsays on the death of Ludovic Lindsay, sixteenth earl of Crawford.

[343] Sir James Lindsay , ninth Baron Crawford, Lanarkshire (d. 1396), son of Sir James Lindsay, eighth baron Crawford; probably succeeded his father, 1357; fought at Otterburn, 1388; founded a convent of Trinity friars, Dundee, 1392; at feud with other Scottish nobles.

[344] James Lindsay , seventh Baron Lindsay (d. 1601), son of Patrick Lindsay, sixth baron Lindsay of the Byres; chiefly responsible for the protestant tumult in the Tolbooth, 1596.

[345] James Bowman Lindsay (1799–1862), electrician and philologist; apprenticed as hand-loom weaver at Carmyllie, Forfarsbire: studied at St. Andrews University; lecturer on mathematics and physical science at Watt Institution, Dundee, 1829; patented, 1854, a wireless system of telegraphy by which water was to be utilised as conductor of the electric current; devoted much time to compiling a Pentecontaglossal dictionary, which he left in MS. incomplete.

[346] John Lindsay (d. 1335), bishop of Glasgow ; probably appointed, 1321; held office till 1329: a supporter of the house of Bruce; the year and manner of his death a matter of dispute.

[347] John Lindsay , fifth Baron Lindsay of the Byres, Haddingtonshire (d. 1563): descended from William, son of Sir David Lindsay of Crawford (d. 1355?), succeeded to the title on death of his grandfather, Patrick, fourth lord Lindsay, 1526; present at the death of James V, 1542; one of the four noblemen entrusted with the custody of the infant Princess Mary, 1543; subscribed the Book of Discipline 1561.

[348] John Lindsay, Lord Menmuir (1652–1598), secretary of state in Scotland: brother of Sir David Lindsay, baron Edzell; studied at Paris and Cambridge; adopted the profession of the law; lord of session as Lord Menmuir, 1581; privy councillor, 1589; lord keeper of the privy seal and secretary of state, 1595; advised the king to establish episcopacy, 1596.

[349] John Lindsay, tenth Baron Lindsay of the Byres, first Earl of Lindsay, and afterwards known as John Crawford-Lindsay, seventeenth Earl of Crawford (1596–1678), created Earl of Lindsay, 1633; leader of the covenanters; lord of session and commissioner of the treasury, 1641; distinguished himself at Marston Moor, and title and dignities of Earl of Crawford ratified on him, 1644; president of the parliament, 1645; took part in attempt to rescue Charles from Carisbrook, 1646: joined the coalition for Charles II's restoration, 1650; taken prisoner, 1652; released, 1660; lord high treasurer, 1661; refusing to abjure the covenant resigned his offices and retired from public life, 1663.

[350] John Lindsay, twentieth Earl of Crawford (1702-1749), military commander; educated at the universities of Glasgow and Edinburgh and the military academy of Vaudeuil, Paris: entered the army, 1726; Scots representative peer, 1733: captain, 1734; joined the imperial army under Prince Eugene, 1735; served in the Russian army, 1738-41: adjutant-general at Dettingen, 1743; brigadier-general at Fontenoy, 1745; engaged in suppressing the rebellion of 1745; lieutenant-general, 1747.

[351] John Lindsay (. 1758), chaplain of the FouRucux with Keppel at the Goree expelition : published ' A Voyage to the Coast of Africa in 1758 1769.

[352] John Lindsay (1686–1768), non-juror: published historical and religious works.

[353] Sir John Lindsay (1737–1788), rear-admiral; served in Hochefort expedition, 1757, in expedition asrmnst Havana, 1762: knighted, 1763; in West Indies, 1764-5; commodore and commander-in-chief in Etist Indies, 1769-72: K.B., 1771: took part in engagement off Ushant. 1778: commodore and commander-in-chief in the Mediterranean, 1783; rear-admiral, 1787.

[354] Ludovic Lindsay , sixteenth Earl of Crawford (1600–1652?), succeeded his brother Alexander Lindsay, fifteenth earl, 1639; entered Spanish service; connected with the Incident plot, 1641: joined Charles I'a standard, 1642: fought at Newbury, 1643, at Marston Moor, 1644; exiled, 1646; subsequently served in Spain and France; died probably in France.

[355] Patrick Lindsay , sixth Baron Lindsay of the Byres (d. 1589), supporter of the reformers in Scotland ; eldest son of John Lindsay, fifth baron of the Byres ; succeeded to title, 1663; supporter of the plot to murder David Riccio or Rizzio, 1566: supported the king's party, 1570-2; concerned in Ruthven raid, 1582, and in Gowrie conspiracy, 1684.

[356] Patrick Lindsay (1566–1644), archbishop of Glasgow; educated at St. Andrews; supported the episcopalian schemes of James I; bishop of Ross, 1613-33; privy councillor of Scotland, 1615; archbishop of Glasgow, 1633; deposed by the general assembly, 1638.

[357] Patrick Lindsay (d. 1753), lord provost of Edinburgh; served in Spain until peace of Utrecht, 1713; lord provost of Edinburgh, 1729 and 1733; published work on the economic resources of Scotland, 1733; M.P., Edinburgh, 1734-41; governor of the Isle of Man, 1741.

[358] Robert Lindsay (1500?-1565?), of Pitscottie, Scottish historian; his History covering a period of Scottish history about the earlier part of which, from the death of James I to that of James III, very little is known, first published, 1728.

[359] Sir Walter Lindsay of Balgavie, Forfarshire (d. 1605), Roman catholic intriguer; acquired property of Balgavie, 1584; converted to Roman Catholicism, and constantly charged with conspiring against presbyteriauism; escaped the vengeance of the kirk by fleeing to Spain; there publishedAn Account of the present State of the Catholic Religion in the Realm of Scotland 1594; returned to Scotland, 1698; took part in all the feuds of the Lindsays; barbarously murdered by his kinsman, David Lindsay, twelfth earl of Crawford

[360] William Lindsay , eighteenth Earl of Crawford and second EARL OF LINDSAY (d. 1698), eldest son of John Lindsay, tenth baron Lindsay of the Byres, seventeenth earl of Crawford, and first earl of Lindsay ; succeeded to the earldoms, 1678; a zealous presbyterian; president of the Convention parliament, 1689; a commissioner of the treasury, 1690; one of the commissioners for settling the government of the church.

[361] William Lindsay (1802–1866), united presbyterian minister; studied at Glasgow University and the theological hall at Paisley; ordained, 1830; appointed professor of exegetical theology and biblical criticism by the relief synod; D.D. Glasgow, 1844; professor of sacred languages and biblical criticism on the staff of the United Presbyterian Hall, Glasgow, 1847, and professor of exegetical theology, 1858; published The Law of Marriage 1855, Exposition of Epistle to the Hebrews (edited, 1867), and other works.

[362] William Lauder Lindsay (1829–1880), botanist; educated at Edinburgh High School and University: M.D. Edinburgh, 1852; combined geological and botanical studies with his practice of medicine; publishedThe History of British Lichens 1856; visited New Zealand, 1861-2; published Contributions to New Zealand Botany 1868, and Memoirs on the Spermogenes and Pycnides of Lichens 1870. Of bis works on medi cal subjects, the chief is Mind in the Lower Animals in Health and Disease 1879.

[363] William Schaw Lindsay (1816–1877), merchant and shipowner; began a seafaring life, 1831; captain in the merchant service, 1830-40: fitter to the Castle Eden Coal Company, Hartlepool, 1841; established firm of W. S. Lindsay & Co., one of the largest shipownimr concerns in the world; M.P., Tynemouth and North Shields, 1854-9, Sunderland, 1859-65; published a valuable 'History of Merchant Shipping and Ancient Commerce 1874-6; author of other works on kindred subject*, and of Log of my Leisure Hours

[364] Augistine Lindsell (d. 1634), bishop of Hereford; M.A. Clare Hall, Cambridge: fellow of Clare Hall, 1599; D.D., 1621; dean of Lichfield, 1628; bishop of Peterborough, 1633, of Hereford, 1634; his edition of Theophylact's Commentaries on St. Paul's Epistles published, 1636.

[365] Earls of Lindsey . See Robert Bertie, first Earl 1582–1642; Montague Bertie, second Earl, 16087-1666.

[366] Theophilus Lindsey (1723–1808), Unitarian ; educated at St. John's College, Cambridge; follow, 1747; held several livings, but his views becoming Unitarian, resigned, 1773; opened a temporary chapel (established permanently, 1778) in London, 1774, and issued his Apology; A Sequel to the Apology 1776, his most valuable contribution to dogmatic theology; his Historical View of the State of the Unitarian Doctrine and Worship from the Reformation to our own Time published, 1783; took leave of his pulpit, 1793; published 'Conversations on the Divine Government 1802, and a liturgy adapted for Unitarian congregations.

[367] Francis Line alias Hall (1595–1675) Jesuit and scientific writer; joined Jesuits, 1623; ordained, 1628; professed of the four vows, 1640; professor of Hebrew and mathematics in the Jesuit college, Liege; missioner in England, 1656-69; constructed a sun-dial set up in the king's private garden at Whitehall, 1669; returned to Liege, 1672, where he died; author of several scientific works written between 1660 and 1675 on such subjects as squaring the circle, sundials, and the barometer.

[368] Samuel Lines (1778–1863), painter, designer, and art instructor; worked as designer to a clock-dial enameller, papier-mache maker, and die engraver; began to teach drawing at Birmingham, 1807; set up in conjunction with others a life academy there, 1809; helped to found Birmingham School of Art, 1821; treasurer and curator of the Birmingham Society of Artists.

[369] Samuel Restell Lines (1804–1833), painter ; j son of Samuel Lines (1778-1863): studied under his father; occasionally exhibited at the Royal Academy.

[370] Thomas Linford (1650–1724).

[371] Frederick Lingard (1811–1847), musician: organist, choirmaster, teacher of music, and composer; lay- vicar of Durham Cathedral, 1835; publishedAntiphonal Chants for the Psalter 1843, and aSeries of Anthems

[372] John Lingard (1771–1851), Roman catholic historian of England; studied at the English college at i Donay, 1782-93; ordained and a ppointed vice-president of Crookhall College, near Durham, 1795-1811; published !The Antiquities of the Anglo-Saxon Church 1806; began hisHistory of Englandwhen missioner at Hornby, near Lancaster, 1811; D.D.: visited Rome, 1817 and 1825; took part in the jurisdiction of the Roman church in Great Britain; created doctor of divinity and of the canon and civil law by Pius VII, 1821: vols. i. iL and iii. of theHistorywere published, 1819; the remainder followed at intervals, 1820-30. It had five editions before 1851, and remains the authority for the reformation from the side of the enlightened Roman catholic priesthood.

[373] Richard Lingard or Lyngard (1598?–1670), dean of Lismore: ordained, 1622: archdeacon of Clonmacnoise, 1639; professor of divinity, Dublin University, 1660; vice-provost, 1662; D.D., 1664; dean of Lismore, 1666.

[374] Sir Henry Lingen Sir Henry (1812–1662), royalist; raised foogbt for Charles 1, 1643-8; knighted, 1646: .; M.P.,

[375] Elizabeth Ann Linley, afterwards Mrs Sheridan (1754–1793). See Sheridan.

[376] Francis Linley (1774–1800), organist and composer; blind from birth; organist at St. James's Chapel, Pentouville, London, c. 1790; carried on business as a music-seller, 1796: composed sonatas and airs for pianoforte and flute, and wrote a practical introduction to the organ (1 Jth L c. 1810).

[377] George Linley (1798–1865), verse-writer and musical composer: composed fashionable and popular ballads. 1830-47: author of farces and satirical poems, Including Musical Cynics of London, a satire 1862, a saTage onslaught on Chorley; his operetta, 4 The Toymakers performed, 1861, and Law versus Love (comedietta), 1862.

[378] George Linley (d. 1869), son of George Linley ; published The Goldseeker and other poems 1860, Old Saws newly set 1864.

[379] Maria Linley (d. 1784), singer at the Bath concert* and in oratorio; daughter of Thomas Linley the dder

[380] Mary Linley , afterwards Mrs Tickell (1756?-1787), vocalist; daughter of Thomas Linley the elder , musician; first appeared in public, 1771; married Richard Tickell, pamphleteer and commissioner of stamps, 1780.

[381] Ozias Thurston Linley (1766–1831), organist ; son of Thomas Linley the elder;.educated at Corpus Christi College, Oxford; B.A., 1789; minor canon of Norwich, 1790; organist, Dulwich College, 1816.

[382] Thomas Linley , the younger (1756–1778), violinist and composer; son of Thomas Linley the elder ; studied violin under his father, and at Florence under Nardini; leader of the orchestra and solo-player at bis father's concerts at Bath, 1773, and at the Drury Lane oratorios, 1774; drowned through the capsizing of a pleasure boat off the Lincolnshire coast; his compositions include songs for theDuenna(1775), songs for the Tempest* (1776), and a short oratorio,The Song of Moses

[383] Thomas Linley , the elder (1732–1795), musical composer; set up in Bath as a singing-master and carried on the concerto in the Bath Assembly Rooms; became joint-manager of the Drury Lane oratorios, 1774; coinposed with his son Thomas the music for Sheridan's Duenna 1775; directed the music at Drury Lane, 17761781; member of the Royal Society of Musicians, 1777. HU compositions include the music to various dramatic pieces, and separate songs, glees, and canzonets.

[384] William Linley (1771–1835), author and musical 1; son of Thomas Linley the elder; eduat SU Paul's School, London, and Harrow; writer the Bast India Company, sailing for Madras, 1790: deputy-secretary to the military board, 1793; returned to England, and brought out at Drury Lane Harlequin Captive, or Magic Fire 1796; produced The Honeymoon* (comic opera), 1797, andThe Pavilion(eutertainnientx 1799; returned to Madras, 1800; paymaster at Nellore, 1801; sub-treasurer and mintmaster to the presidency, Fort St. George, 1806; settled in London, 1806; collected Shakespeare's dramatic lyrics, with music by various composers and himself, in 2 vols., 1816; composed songs and wrote novels and verses,

[385] Earls of Linlithgow o. See LIVINGSTONE, Alexander, first EARL, d. 1622; LIVINGSTONE, GEORGe, third EARL, 1616-1690; LIVINGSTONe, GEORGE, fourth EARL, 1663 V-1696.

[386] Richard Linnecar (1722–1800), dramatist: postmaster at Wakefield: coroner for the West Riding! of lorksblre, 1763; published Miscellaneous Works containing two insipid comedies and other efforts, 1789.

[387] John Linnell (1792–1882), portrait ami landSpe SS!* tbe Uoyal Aca demy *ooL, 18U5; first exhibited at the Academy, 1807; member of the Society of Painters in Oil and Water-colours, 1812, exhibiting, 1H13-20; treasurer, 1817; became intimate with Willium Blake (1767-1827), 1818; drew, painted, and engraved portraits; exhibited over a hundred portraits and ten or twelve landscapes at the Royal Academy, 1821-47; subsequently exhibited landscapes; put down his name for the A.R.A., 1821; withdrew it in disgust, 1842; declined membership when offered in later life.

[388] Mary Linskill (1840–1891), novelist; contributed, under pseudonym of Stephen Yorke, Tales of the North Riding to Good Words (published, 1871); author of four other novels, 1876-87, and of some short stories.

[389] Eliza Lynn Linton (1822–1898), novelist and miscellaneous writer; daughter of the Rev. James Lynn, and granddaughter of Samuel Goodenough; established herself in London, 1845, as a woman of letters; published Azeth the Egyptian 1846, Amymone 1848, and Realities 1851, none of which were very successful; member of staff of Morning Chronicle 1848-51; newspaper correspondent at Paris, 1851-4; contributed to All the Year Round married, 1858, William James Lin ton from whom she subsequently separated amicably; returned to fiction and achieved considerable success, two of her works, Joshua Davidson 1872, and Autobiography of Christopher Kirkland 1885 (the latter in a large measure her own autobiography), being especially notable; contributed to Saturday Review from 1866. Her works include,The Girl of the Period, and other Essays(1883), andGeorge Eliot(1897).

[390] William Linton (1791–1876), landscape-painter : first exhibited at Royal Academy, 1817; helped to found the Society of British Artists, 1824; visited the continent, 1828; published in two folio volumes,Sketches in Italy drawn on stone, with descriptive text, 1832; resigned membership of the Society of British Artists, 1842; well versed in chemistry of colours; published Ancient and Modern Colours, from the earliest periods to the present time; with their Chemical and Artistical Properties 1852; ceased to exhibit at Royal Academy after 1859, at Society of British Artists after 1871.

[391] Sir William Linton (1801–1880), army physician; educated at Edinburgh University: L.R.C.S. and entered army medical department, 1826; M.D. Glasgow, 1834; staff surgeon of the first class, 1848; served in Canada, the Mediterranean, and the West Indies; deputyinspector of hospitals in the Crimea; present in every action up to Balaclava; in charge of barrack hospital, Scutari, from 1854 till return of British forces; proceeded to India as inspector-general of hospitals, 1857; held offices throughout the mutiny; retired from the active list, 1863; K.C.B., 1865.

[392] William James Linton (1812–1898), engraver, poet, and political reformer; apprenticed as wood-engraver; became associated with John Orrin Smith; adopted advanced views in religion and politics; established, 1839, The National designed as a vehicle for reprints from publications inaccessible to working men; editor of The Illuminated Magazine 1845; formed intimate friendship with Mazzini; took part in founding International League of patriots of all nations, 1847; supportedThe Friends of Italy; founded and conducted, 1850-5,The English Republic periodical; gained wide reputation as wood-engraver; married Eliza Lynn see LINTON, ELIZA LYNN, 1858; engraved covers of Cornhill* and Macmillan's magazines; went to America (1866) and established himself at Appledore, near New Haven, Connecticut, where he engaged privately in printing and engraving, and issued several books; died at New Haven. His publications include A History of Wood Engraving in America 1882, Masters of Wood Engraving 1890, some volumes of verse, and Memories an autobiography, 1895.

[393] Barnaby Bernard Lintot (1675–1736), publisher; apprentice at StationersHall, 1690: free of the company, 1699; published poems and plays for Pope, Gay, Farquhar, Paruell, Steele, and Rowe, 1702-8; published Fenton's Oxford and Cambridge Miscellany Poems 1709, and Miscellaneous Poems and Translations (containing Pope's Rape of the Lock in its first form), 1712; published Pope's Iliad, 1 1718-20, Odyssey,* 1725-6; underwarden of the Stationers Company, 1729-30.

[394] Henry Lintot (1703-1758), publisher and, from 1730, partner with his father, Barnaby Bernard Llntot

[395] Mary Linwood (1755–1845), musical composer and artist in needlework; imitated pictures in worsted embroidery; exhibited at the Society of Artiste, 1776 and 1778, and in London and the chief provincial towns, 17981835: composed an oratorio and some songs; published Leicestershire Tales 1808.

[396] William Linwood (1817–1878), classical scholar : entered Christ Church, Oxford, 1836: M.A., 1842: public examiner at Oxford, 1850-1; his best-known works, A Lexicon to.fischylus 1843, and Sophoclis Tragcediw 1846.

[397] Lionel of Antwerp, EARL OF ULSTER and first DUKE OF CLARENCE (1338-1368), third son of Edward III; born at Antwerp; guardian and lieutenant of England during his father's absence, 1345 and 1346: created Earl of Ulster, 1347: married Elizabeth (rf. 1362), daughter of William de Burgh, third earl of Ulster, 1352; knighted, 1355; king's lieutenant in Ireland, 1361; created Duke of Clarence, 1362: met the parliament which drew up statute of Kilkenny, 1367; married at Milan, as his second wife, Violaute, daughter of Galeazzo Visconti, lord of Pavia, 1368; died at Alba,

[398] Christopher Lipscomb (1781–1843), first bishop of Jamaica, 1824; son of William Lipscomb

[399] George Lipscomb (1773–1846), historian of Buckinghamshire: studied surgery; house-surgeon of St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, 1792; captain commandant of the Warwickshire volunteer infantry, and deputy- recorder of Warwick, 1798: M.D. Aberdeen, 1801; joint-editor of the National Adviser 1811; contributed to theGentleman's Magazine his great work,The History and Antiquities of the County of Buckingham published in eight parts, 1831-47; published medical works.

[400] William Lipscomb (1754–1842), miscellaneous writer; cousin of George Lipscomb; educated at Winchester and Corpus Christ! College, Oxford: M.A., 1784; published Poems (including translations of Italian sonnets), 1784, and "The Canterbury Tales of Chaucer completed in a Modern Version 1795.

[401] Lisgar, first Baron (1807–1876). See Sir John Young.

[402] Viscounts Lisle . See PLANTAGENET, ARTHUR, 1480?-1542; DUDLEY, JOHN, 1502 ?-1553; SIDNEY, ROBERT, first VISCOUNT of the Sidney family, 1563-1626; SIDNEY, ROBERT, second VISCOUNT, 1595-1677: SIDNEY, PHILIP, third VISCOUNT, 1619-1698.

[403] Alice Lisle (1614?–1685), victim of a judicial murder; daughter of Sir White Beckenshaw; married John Lisle,1630; tried before Jeffreys for sheltering Monmouth's supporters at her house at Moyles Court; found guilty and beheaded at Winchester.

[404] Sir George Lisle (4. 1648), royalist ; received his military education in the Netherlands; fought for Charles I in battles of Newbnry, 1643 and 1644, Cheriton, 1644, and Naseby, 1645; governor of Faringdon, 1644-6: hon. D.C.L. Oxford, 1645; knighted, 1645; defended Colchester, but was forced to surrender and shot as a rebel, 1648.

[405] James George Semple Lisle (fl. 1799). See Semple.

[406] John Lisle (1610?–1664), regicide ; educated at Magdalen Hall, Oxford; B.A., 1626; barrister, Middle Temple, 1633: bencher, 1649; M.P., Winchester, 1640; master of St. Cross Hospital, Winchester, 1644-9; one of the managers in Charles I's trial; appointed one of the commissioners of the great seal, and placed on the council of state, 1649: M.P., Southampton, 1654; held various offices in parliaments of 1654-9: commissioner of the admiralty and navy, 1660; at Restoration fled to Switzerland; murdered at Lausanne by an Irishman known as Thomas Macdonnell, really named Sir James Fitz Edmond Cotter. Alice Lisle was his second wife.

[407] Samuel Lisle (1683–1749), successively bishop of St. Asaph and of Norwich: M.A. Wadham College, Oxford, 1706; received holy orders, 1707; chaplain to the Levant Company, 1710-19; archdeacon of Canterbury, 1724; prebendary of Canterbury, 1728; prolocutor of the lower house of convocation, 1734 and 1741; warden of Wadham College, Oxford, 1739-44: D.D., 173V* of St. Asaph, 1744-8, of Norwich, 1748-9; printed a few sermons and collected inscriptions during his Levant chaplaincy, printed in the Autiquitates Asiatics of Edmund Chishull, 1728.

[408] Thomas Lisle (rf. 1361 X bishop of Ely ; called Lyle, Lylde, and Lyldus; educated in the Dominican house, Cambridge: joined the order of Predicant friars, and acquired celebrity as a preacher: bishop of Ely, 1S4; built churches in his diocese, and rendered material services to the University of Cambridge; at feud with Blanche, daughter of Henry, earl of Lancaster, and compelled to flee; died a refugee at Avignon,

[409] William Lisle or L'Isle (1569? –1637), AngloS-axon scholar; of Eton and King's College, Cambridge; M.A, 1592; lived at Cambridge; a pioneer in the study of Anglo-Saxon; printed for the first time, with an English translation, the Treatise on the Old and New Testament," by Elfric Grammaticus; published a rhymed version of Heliodorus's Ethiopica 1631.

[410] Edward Lister (1556–1620), physician ; brother of Sir Matthew Lister; of Eton and King's College, Cambridge; M.A., 1588; M.D., 1590; F.R.O.P., 1594, and treasurer, 1612-18; physician in ordinary to Queen Elizabeth and to James I.

[411] Joseph Lister (1627–1709), puritan autobiographer; by turns trader, man-servant, and small farmer; his autobiography edited by Thomas Wright, 1842.

[412] Joseph Jackson Lister (1786–1869), discoverer of the principle of the modern microscope; occupied in the wine trade; attempted to improve the object-glass, 1824; continued his investigations, 1826-7; discovered principle of construction of modern microscope, 1830; the first to ascertain the true form of the red corpuscle of mammalian blood, 1834; aided opticians in the construction of the microscope. His law of the aplanatic foci remains the guiding principle of microscopy.

[413] Martin Lister (1638?–1712), zoologist ; nephew of Sir Matthew Lister: of St. John's College, Cambridge; fellow, 1660; M.A., 1662; F.R., 1671; practised medicine at York till 1683; removed to London, 1684; M.D. Oxford, 1684: published Historia sive Synopsis Methodica Conchyliorum 1686-92; F.R.C.P., 1687; censor, 1694: accompanied Earl of Portland on his embassy to Paris, and published an account of his journey, 1698. His contributions to thePhilosophical Transactions (extending over Kos. 25-585) treat of plants, spiders, meteorology, minerals, molluscs, medicine, and antiquities.

[414] Sir Matthew Lister (1571?–1656), physician ; M.A. Oriel College, Oxford; 1695; M.D. Basle, incorporated at Oxford, 1605, at Cambridge, 1608; F.R.C.P., 1607; physician to Anne, queen of James I, and to Charles I; knighted, 1636.

[415] Thomas Lister , alias Butler (1559–1626?), Jesuit; entered the English college at Rome, 1679; joined Jesuits, 1583; D.D. Pont-a-Mousson, 1692; missioner in England, 1696; imprisoned at time of Gunpowder plot; banished, 1606; again in England, and professed of the four vows, 1610; superior of the Oxford district, 1621: author of aTreatise of Schism widely circulated in manuscript.

[416] Thomas Lister (1597–1668), parliamentarian colonel; admitted to Gray's Inn, 1616; lieutenant-colonel in the parliamentary army and deputy-governor of Lincoln; M.P., Lincoln, 1647-56, and in 1659: member of the council of state, 1651; forbidden to hold office from 1660.

[417] Thomas Lister (1810–1888), poet and naturalist ; assisted his father, a qunker gardener and small farmer: published Rustic Wreath, a collection of fugitive verses, 1834; visited the continent, 1838; postmaster of Barnsley, 1889-70; an enthusiastic naturalist, and constant attendant and contributor of papers at the British Association meetings.

[418] Thomas Henry Lister (1800–1842), novelist and dramatist; Trinity College, (or inquiring into state of rwiooTand other instruction in Ireland, 1834, into the opportunities of religious worship and means of religious instruction hi Scotland, 1836; the first registrar-general of BngU"d and Wales, 1836; works include Granby (novel), 1 8S, Epicharis (a tragedy performed at Drury Lane. 1829). and The Life and Administration of Edward, flrst Earl of Clarendon 1887-8.

[419] Henry Liston (1771–1836), writer on music; Htudiol for the ministry at Edinburgh University; of Ecclesmachan, Linlithgowshire, 1793-1830; inventor of the Eucharmonic organ, 1811; published Essay on Perfect Intonation 1812; conjunct clerk of the synod of Lothian and Tweeddale, 18.

[420] John Liston (17767-1846), actor: master at the grammar school of St. Martin's, Leicester Square, London, 1799: his flrst effort* as an actor made in company with Stephen Kemble in north of England; played comic parts at Ha market Theatre, London, 1805, at Covent Garden, London, 1808-22, at Drury Lane, London, 1823, subsequently at Olympic, London; retired from the stage, 1837; played, among other parts, Polonius, Slender, Sir Andrew Aguecheek, Bottom, and Cloten.

[421] Sir Robert Liston (1742-1836), diplomatist: educated at Edinburgh University; tutor to the sous of Sir Gilbert Elliot (1722-1777): minister plenipotentiary at Madrid, 1783-8; LL.D. Edinburgh, 1785; envoy extraordinary at Stockholm, 1788-93: ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary, Constantinople, 17931796; ambassador extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary, Washington, 1796-1802; envoy extraordinary and plenipotentiary to the Batavian republic, 1802-4; ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary, Constantinople, 1811-21; privy councillor, 1812; G.C.B. (civil), 1816.

[422] Robert Liston (1794–1847), surgeon; son of Henry Liston; entered Edinburgh University, 1808: assistant to Dr. John Barclay (1758-1826); house-surgeon at Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, 1814-16: M.H.C.S., 1816; worked in Edinburgh as teacher of anatomy and operating surgeon, 1818-28: surgeon to the hospital attached to the London University, 1834; professor of clinical surgery. University College, London, 1885; FJUS., 1841; a skilful operator; best known in connection with theListen splint chief works,The Elements of Surgery 1831-2, and Practical Surgery 1837.

[423] Mrs Harriett Litchfield (1777–1854) actress; nee Hay; made her first appearance on the stage, 1791; married John Litchfleld (d. 1858) of the privy council office, 1794; acted at Covent Garden from 1797; retired after 1812; her best part Emilia in Othello.

[424] William Lithgow (1582–1645?), traveller ; made voyages to the Orkneys and Shetlands: travelled in Germany, Bohemia, Helvetia, and the Low Countries; claimed to have tramped over 36,000 miles in Europe, Asia, Africa, 1610-13; made other journeys, 1614-19 and 1620-2; walked from London to Edinburgh, 1627; journeyed in England, Scotland, and Holland, 1628-44; chief work, The Total Discourse of the Rare Aduentures and painfull Peregrinations of long nineteene Yeares 1614.

[425] Nicolas Litlington or Littlington (1116 ?-1386), successively prior and abbot of Westminster Abbey: prior of Westminster, 1352; abbot, 1362; built the Jerusalem Chamber; assisted at the coronation of Kichard II, 1377.

[426] John Litster or Le Litester (d. 1381), 'king of the commons'; led the 'rustics and ribalds' of Norfolk, 1381; assumed the royal title as king of the cornmoos 1881; taken at the battle of North Walsham and Hanged, beheaded, and quartered at the command of Henry le Despenser, bishop of Norwich.

[427] Sir Joseph Littledale (1767-1842) judge; M.A., St. John's College, Cambridge, 1790: barrister, Gray Inn, 1798; counsel to tlie University of Cambridge 1813; edited Skeltou's Magnyfyeence, an Interlude 1821; judge in the court of king's bench, 1824-41; knighted, 1824; privy councillor, 1841.

[428] Richard Frederick Littledale (1833–1890), Anglican controversialist: M.A. Trinity Collet.-, Dublin, 1858; LL.D., 1862: held curacies in England, but devoted himself mainly to literary work; published v,..rk in support of Anglicanism in opposition to Roman Catholicism, 1887-89.

[429] Sir John Hunter Littler (1783-1856), lieutenant-general, Indian army: lieutenant, 10th Bengal infantry, 1800; served in the campaigns under Lord Lake, 1804-5; in Java, 1811-16; captain, 1812; commissary general in the Marquis of Hastings's army, 1816-24; major, 1824; colonel, 36th Bengal native infantry, 18391856; major-general, 1841; commander of the Agra division of the Bengal army, 1843; K.C.B., 1844; served in the Sikh war, 1845; G.O.B. and deputy governor of Bengal, 1849; lieutenant-general, 1851.

[430] Adam Littleton (1627–1694), lexicographer: educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford; second master at Westminster, 1658; rector of Chelsea, 1669; chaplain to Charles II, 1670; published A Latin Dictionary in four parts 1673; prebendary of Westminster, 1674.

[431] Sir Edward Littleton , first Baron Littleton (1589-1645), educated at Christ Church, Oxford; B.A., 1609; barrister, Inner Temple, 1617; chief-justice of North Wales, 1621; M.P., Leominster, 1625-6 and 1627-8; helped to frame the Petition of Right, 1628; bencher of his inn, 1629; recorder of London, 1631; reader to the Inner Temple, 1632; solicitor-general, 1634; knighted, 1635; chief-justice of the common pleas, 1640; lord keeper, 1641; created Baron Littleton, 1641; D.C.L. Oxford, 1643.

[432] Edward Littleton (fl. 1694), agent for the island of Barbados; educated at Westminster and St. Mary Hall, Oxford; B.A., 1644; fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, 1647; M.A., 1648; senior proctor, 1656; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1664: went to Barbados as secretary to Lord Willoughby of Parham, 1666; judge, 16701683; elected member of the assembly, 1674; agent for Barbados, 1683; published tracts on the colonies, finance, and general politics, 1664-94.

[433] Edward Littleton (d. 1733), divine and poet : educated at Eton and King's College, Cambridge; B.A., 1720; LL.D. comitiis regiis, 1728; assistant-master at Eton, 1720; M.A., 1724; a royal chaplain, 1730: his poems published in Dodsley's Collection (edited 1782), the most celebrated being On a Spider; two volumes of sermons published, 1735.

[434] Edward John Littleton , first Baron Hatherton (1791–1863), of Rugby and Brasenose College, Oxford; M.P., Staffordshire, 1812-32; created D.C.L. Oxford, 1817; supported Reform Bill: M.P., South Staffordshire, 1832 and 1836; chief secretary to the lord-lieutenant of Ireland, 1833: privy councillor, 1833; supported new Coercion Bill, 1834, but resigned office in consequence of having made indiscreet communications to O'Connell, 1834; created Baron Hatherton of Hatherton, 1835; began his political career as member of the independent country party, and ended it as a whig.

[435] Henry Littleton (1823–1888), music publisher ; entered music publishing house of Novello, 1841; manager, 1846; partner, 1861; sole proprietor, 1866; retired, leaving largest business of the kind in the world, 1887.

[436] James Littleton (d. 1723), vice-admiral ; grandnephew of Sir Thomas Littleton (1647 ?-1710); present as first lieutenant at the battle of La Hogue, 1692; captain, 1693; on the Newfoundland station, 16961697; in the East Indies acting against pirates, 1699; present at Alicante, 1706; in the West Indies, 1709-12; resident commissioner and commander-in-chief at Chatham, 1715; rear-admiral of the red, 1716: vice-admiral of the blue, 1717; M.P., Queensborough, 1722.

[437] Sir Thomas Littleton (1402–1481), judge and legal author: sheriff of Worcestershire, 1447; serjeunt-utlaw, 1453; king's Serjeant, 1455; justice of the common pleas, 1466; K.B., 1475. His fame rests on his treatise on Tenures written in law-French, and his text, with Coke's comment (see Coke, Sir Edward), long remained the principal authority on English real property law; the editio princeps is a folio published in London without date or title.

[438] Sir Thomas Littleton, third baronet (1647?–1710), shaker of the House of Commons and treasurer of the navy; educated at St. Edmund Hall, Oxford; entered Inner Temple, 1671; succeeded to his father's baronetcy, 1681; M.P., Woodstock, 1609-1702; an active whig; a lord of the admiralty, 1697; speaker of the House of Commons, 1698-1700; treasurer of the navy, 1701-10; M.P., Castle Rising, Norfolk, 1702, Chichester, 1707, Portsmouth, 170N-10.

[439] William Edensor Littlewood (1831–1886), miscellaneous writer; of Merchant Taylors School and Pembroke College, Cambridge: B.A., 1854; ordained, 1858: M.A., 1860; published theological and historical works.

[440] William of Littlington (d. 1312). See William.

[441] Marie Litton (1847–1884), actress ; her real name Lowe; first appeared on the stage, 1868; managed the Court Theatre, 1871-4, the Imperial Theatre, 1878, and; the Theatre Royal, Glasgow, 1880; made her reputation in old comedy in such parts as Lady Teazle, Lydia I Languish, and Miss Hardcastle.

[442] Liulf or Ligulf (d. 1080), Anglo-Saxon nobleman : friend of Walcher, bishop of Durham; excited envy of bishop's chaplain, Leobwine, by whom he was murdered.

[443] Edward Lively (1545?–1605), Hebrew professor at Cambridge; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1572; regius professor of Hebrew. 1575; prebendary of Peterborough, 1602; one of the translators of the authorised version, 1604; published A true Chronologic of the... Persian Monarchic 1597, and other works,

[444] Earls of Liverpool . See JENKINSON, CHARLES, first EARL, 1727-1808; JENKINSON, ROBERT BANKS, second EARL, 1770-1828; JENKINSON, CHARLES CECIL COPE, third EARL, 1784-1851.

[445] Henry Liverseege (1803–1832), painter; lived chiefly in Manchester; painted subject-pictures.

[446] Richard Livesay (d. 1823?), portrait and landscape painter; exhibited portraits and domestic subjects at Royal Academy, 1776-1821; copied pictures at Windsor for Benjamin West, and taught some of the royal children drawing, 1790: drawing-master to the Royal Naval College, Portsmouth, 1796.

[447] James Livesey (1625?–1682), divine; vicar of Great Budworth, Cheshire, 1657-82; published some scholarly sermons.

[448] Joseph Livesey (1794–1884), temperance advocate and philanthropist; brought out The Moral Reformer, a magazine, 1831-3 and 1838-9; issued the Preston Temperance Advocate the first teetotal publication in England, 1834; managed the Preston G uardian 1844-59; theTeetotal Progressionist 1851-2,The Staunch Teetotaler 1867-9; published an autobiography, 1881.

[449] Sir Michael Livesey , first baronet (1611–1663?), regicide; created baronet, 1627: M.P., Queensborough, Kent, 1645; signed Charles I's death-warrant; commissioner of the admiralty and navy, 1660; escaped to the Low Countries at the Restoration.

[450] Living, Lyfing, ELFSTAN, or ETHELSTAN (d. 1020), archbishop of Canterbury; bishop of Wells, 999; appointed to Canterbury by Ethelred the Unready , 1013; crowned Edmund Ironside, 1016, and Canute, 1017.

[451] Living or Lyfing (d. 1046), bishop of Crediton ; abbot of Tavistock, Devonshire: accompanied Canute q. v.l to Rome, and brought back his famous letter to the English people; bishop of Crediton, 1027; bishop of Worcester, holding the see in plurality, 1038, the see of Cornwall being merged with that of Crediton, c. 1043.

[452] Sir Alexander Livingstone (d. 1450?). of iill.-iidar; guardian ot James II of Scotland; aided James I of Scotland's widow in foiling Sir William Crighton, 1439 and 1443: justiciary of Scotland, 1449; fell into disgrace and was imprisoned.

[453] Alexander Livingstone , seventh Baronet Livingstone and first Earl of Linlithgow (d. 1622), eldest son of William Livingstone, sixth baron; supported Mary Queen of Scots; lord of the bedchamber, 1580; succeeded his father, 1592; commissioner of taxation, 1594: guardian of Princess Elizabeth, 1596-1603; privy councillor, 1598; created Earl of Linlithgow, Lord Livingstone and Callendar, 1600.

[454] Charles Livingstone (1821–1873), missionary and traveller: brother of David Livingstone: emigrated to America and became a missionary, 1840: joined his brother in his African expeditions, 1867-68; appointed English consul at Fernando Po, 1864; the Bight* of Benin and Biafra added to his district, 1867; died near Lagos.

[455] Charlotte Maria Livingstone, Countess of Newburgh (d. 1755). See Charlotte Maria Radcliffe.

[456] David Livingstone (1813–1873), African missionary and explorer; educated himself while working at a cotton factory near Glasgow; attended the medical class at Anderson College and lectures at Glasgow University, 1832; entered the service of the London Missionary Society, studied medicine and science in London: embarked as a missionary for the Cape of Good Hope, 1840; made journeys into the interior, 1841, 1842, and 1843; discovered Lake Ngami, 1849, and the Zambesi in the centre of the continent, 1851; made great exploring expedition from Cape Town northwards through Westcentral Africa to Luanda and back to Quilimane 18621856; visited England, 1856; D.C.L. Oxford and F.R.S.; published his missionary travels, and severed bis connection with the London Missionary Society, 1857; consul at Quilimane, 1858-64; commanded expedition to explore Eastern and Central Africa, 1858; discovered lakes Shirwa and Nyasa, 1859; lost his wife at Shupanga, 1862; visited England, 1864; published "The Zambesi and Its Tributaries 1865; started on expedition to solve the question of the Nile basin, 1865; discovered Lake Bangweolo, 1868; reached Ujiji, 1869; explored the cannibal country, enduring great sufferings, and returned, almost dying, to Ujiji, where he was rescued by Stanley, 1871; reached Unyanyembe, 1872; made further explorations to discover the sources of the Nile, and died at a village in the country of Ilala; buried in Westminster Abbey, 1874.

[457] George Livingstone , third Earl of Linlithgow (1616-1690), eldest son of Alexander Livingstone, second earl of Linlithgow; M.P., Perthshire, 1654-6; privy councillor, 1660; major-general of the forces in Scotland, 1677-9; justice-general, 1684; deprived of the justice-generalship at the Revolution.

[458] George Livingstone , fourth Earl of Linlithgow(1652?-1695), eldest son of George Livingstone, third earl of Linlithgow; supported his father against the covenanters; attempted to support King James, 1689; succeeded his father, 1690; privy councillor and commissioner of the treasury, 1692.

[459] Sir James Livingstone of Barncloich, first Viscount Kilsyth (1616–1661),a devoted loyalist; raised to the peerage of Scotland as Viscount Kilsyth and Lord Campsie, 1661.

[460] Sir James Livingstone , of Kinnaird, first EARL OF NEWBURGH (d. 1670), gentleman of the bedchamber to Charles I, and created Viscount Newbtirgh, 1647: joined Charles II at the Hague, 1650: accompanied Charles's expedition to England, 1651: escaped to France after the battle of Worcester, 1651; captain of the guards, 1660; created Earl of Newburgh, Viscount Kinnaird, and Baron Livingstone of Flacraig, 1660.

[461] James Livingstone, first Earl of Callendar (d. 1674), third son of Alexander Livingstone, first earl of Linlithgow; saw military service abroad; knighted before 1629; created Baron Livingstone of Almond, 1633: accepted office from the covenanters, but secretly favoured Charles I,who created him Earl of Callander, Baron Livingstone and Almond, 1G41; appointed lieutenant-general of the Engagement army raised to liberate the king; escaped to Holland on its failure; took an active part in parliament, 1661-72.

[462] John Livingstone (1603–1672), Scottish divine ; educated at Glasgow University; licensed to preach, 16SS; banished at the Restoration, 1660; died at Rotterdam; hU Life first published, 1754.

[463] Sir Thomas Livingstone, first Viscount of Teviot (1668? –1711), lieutenant-general; born in Holland; succeeded as second baronet; came to England with William of Orange, 1688; appointed colonel of the 1688; commander-in-chief in privy councillor, 1690; major-general on establishment, 1696; created Viscount of Teviot In the peerage of Scotland, 1696; lieutenantgeneral, 1704.

[464] William Livingstone , sixth Baron Livingstone (f. 1&92), partisan of Queen Mary ; succeeded to barony, 1653; fought for Mary Queen of Scots at Langside, and accompanied her in her flight, 1568; Mary's agent in England, 1570; advised the king to abolish the regency, 1577.

[465] Livingus (d. 1046).

[466] Saint Livinus (d. 656?), known as the 'Apostle of Brabant'; the proof of his existence rests on an epistle and epitaph which he is said to have written; according to late authorities he was of Scottish or Irish race, and an archbishop of Ireland, who went to Ghent, 633, and was martyred at Escha.

[467] Titus Livius (fl. 1437), historian; called himself Titus Livius de Frulovisiis, of Ferrara; came to England and found a patron in Humphrey, duke of Gloucester ; naturalised, 1437; his * Vita Henrici Quinti, Regis Invictissimi edited by Hearne, 1716.

[468] Barons Lixnaw . See FITZMAURICE, PATRICK, 1551 ?-1600; FITZMAURICE, THOMAS, 1502-1590; FITZMAURICK, THOMAS, 1574-1630.

[469] John Lizars (1787?–1860), surgeon : educated at Edinburgh University; his best-known work, A System of Anatomical Plates of the Human Body, with Descriptions 1822; professor of surgery in the Royal College of Surgeons, Edinburgh, 1831.

[470] William Home Lizars (1788–1859), painter and engraver; brother of John Lizars; learnt engraving from his father; studied painting at Trustees Academy, Edinburgh; carried on the engraving business after his father's death, 1812; perfected method of etching for book illustration.

[471] David Llewelyn (d. 1415). See Gam.

[472] Thomas Llewelyn (1720?–1793), baptist minister; published anHistorical Account of the British or Welsh Veiwons and Editions of the Bible 1768; prominent in establishment of baptist mission in North Wale*, 1776.

[473] Sion Lleyn (1749–1817). See Sion.

[474] William Lleyn (1630?-1587). See Owen.

[475] Bartholomew Lloyd (1772–1837), provost of Trinity College, Dublin: educated at Trinity College, Dublin: M.A., 1796; D.D., 1808; Erasmus Smith's professor of mathematics, 1813; regius professor of Greek, 1821, 1828, and 1825: Erasmus Smith's professor of natural and experimental philosophy, 1822; king's lecturer in divinity, 1823 and 1827; provost, 1831-7president of the Royal Irish Academy, 1836; Lloyd Exhibitions founded In his memory, 1839.

[476] Charles Lloyd or Floyd (d. 1661), royalist; brother of Sir Godfrey Lloyd or Floyd; quartermaster. general of the king's army, 1644; knighted, 1644.

[477] Charles Lloyd (1735–1773), secretary to George Grenville; of Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1761; secretary to George Grenville. 1763; deputy-teller of the exchequer, 1767; published political pamphlets in Grenville's interest, 1763-7.

[478] Charles Lloyd (1748–1828), quaker ; philanthropist; banker of Birmingham; a pioneer in the movement for the emancipation of slaves; published translations from Homer and Horace.

[479] Charles Lloyd (1766–1829), dissenting minister and schoolmaster; held ministries in England till 1793; pastor in Cardiganshire and Suffolk; LL.D. Glasgow, 1809; opened school in London, 1811; chief work,Particulars in the Life of a Dissenting Minister (autobiography), 1813.

[480] Charles Lloyd (1784–1829), bishop of Oxford ; of Eton and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1809; mathematical lecturer, tutor, and censor, Christ Church, Oxford; preacher of Lincoln's Inn, 1819-22; regius professor of divinity, Oxford, 1822-9; bishop of Oxford, 1827-9; the first to publish theBook of Common Prayer with red-lettered rubrics, 1829.

[481] Charles Lloyd (1775 - 1839), poet ; son of Charles Lloyd (1748-1828); published poems, 1795; lived with Coleridge, 1796-7; his poems appended to an edition of Coleridge's poems, along with verses by Charles Lamb, 1797; cultivated Lamb's society; his Desultory Thoughts in London published, 1821; became insane; died at Chaillot near Versailles.

[482] Charles Dalton Clifford Lloyd (1844-1891) servant of the crown; grandson of Bartholomew Lloyd; educated at Sandhurst; in police force in British Burmah, 1862-72; resident magistrate for co. Down, 1874; employed to restore order in co. Longford, 1881;concerted scheme (1881) for vigorous administration of Protection of Person and Property Act; inspector-general of reforms to khedive of Egypt, 1883; undersecretary at the home office in Egypt; resigned (1884) because his schemes for prison reform were not supported; again resident magistrate in Ireland, 1885; lieutenantgovernor of Mauritius, 1885-7; consul for Kurdistan, 1889; died at Erzeroum, 1891; his Ireland under the Land League, a Narrative of Personal Experiences published, 1892.

[483] David Lloyd (1597–1663), author of the 'Legend of Captain Jones; educated at Hart Hall, Oxford: B.A., 1615; fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, 1618; D.C.L., 1628; canon of Chester, 1639; remembered by his popular jeu d'esprit, The Legend of Captain Jones, a burlesque on the adventures of an Elizabethan searover named Jones, 1631.

[484] David Lloyd (1635–1692), biographer; M.A. Merton College, Oxford, 1659: reader in the Charterhouse, London, 1659; chaplain to Isaac Barrow, bishop of St. Asaph; published The Statesmen and Favourites of England since the Reformation 1665 and 1670; his memoirs of royalist sufferers published, 1668.

[485] David Lloyd (d. 1714?), captain in the navy, 1677; employed by James II as agent and emissary during the reign of William III; retired into private life after James's death.

[486] David Lloyd (1752–1838), divine and poet; took holy orders, 1778; his Characteristics of Men, Manners, and Sentiments, on the Voyage of Life 1812, an imitation of Young; published Horse Theologicae 1823.

[487] Edward Lloyd (d. 1648?). See Floyd.

[488] Edward Lloyd (!. 1688–1726), coffee-house keeper, from whom the great commercial corporation known as Lloyd's derives its name; his coffee-house in Lombard Street the centre of shipbroking and marine insurance business, 1692; issued Lloyd's News a shipping and commercial chronicle, 1696-7, revived as Lloyd's Lists 1726, and still continued.

[489] Edward Lloyd (d. 1847), captain of the Gambia River; captain in the royal African corps, 1804-12; regarded as the founder of the Gambia River settlement, where he died.

[490] Edward Lloyd (1815–1890), founder of Lloyd's Weekly London Newspaper sold books and published cheap literature in London; issued Lloyd's Penny Weekly Miscellany 1842-4, continued as Lloyd's Entertaining Journal till 1847; first issued Lloyd's Weekly London Newspaper 1842; bought the Daily Chronicle 1876.

[491] Evan Lloyd (1734–1776), poet; M.A. Jesus College, Oxford, 1757: published The Powers of the Pen, an attack on Warburton and Johnson, 1765, The Curate 1766, and The Methodist, for which latter satire he underwent imprisonment for libel; friend of Wilkes and Garrick.

[492] George Lloyd (1560–1615), bishop of Chester: fellow of Magdalene College, Cambridge: rector of Heswellin-Wirrall, Cheshire, and divinity reader in Chester Cathedral; bishop of Sodor and Man, 1600, of Chester, 1604; held livings in addition to his sees.

[493] Sir Godfrey Lloyd or Floyd (fl. 1667), military engineer; brother of Sir Charles Lloyd or Floyd; captain in the Dutch service; knighted by Charles II.

[494] John Lloyd (d. 1682), poet; brother of Lloyd; M.A. Wadham College, Oxford, 1669; published a Paraphrase of the Song of Solomon,.

[495] John Lloyd (1688–1687), bishop of St. David's: of Merton College, Oxford; M.A., 1662; precentor of Llandaff, 1672; principal of Jesus College. Oxford, 1673: D.D., 1674; vice-chancellor of Oxford 1682-5; bishop of St. David's, 1686.

[496] John Augustus Lloyd (1800–1864), engineer and surveyor; served ou the staff of Simon Bolivar, the liberator of Colombia, as a captain of engineers: surveyed Isthmus of Panama, 1827; F.R.S., 1830; colonial civil engineer and surveyor-general in Mauritius, 1831-49; British charge d'affaires, Bolivia, 1851; died at Therapia.

[497] Julius Lloyd (1830–1892), divine and author: 1657; chief engineer of ports, castles, and fortifications in 1 M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1856: canon of ManEngland, 1661-7. Chester, 1891: author of sermons and essays.

[498] Hannibal Evans Lloyd (1771–1847), philologist and translator: son of Henry Humphrey Evans Lloyd

[499] Ludovic Lloyd (Lodowick or Lewis) (fl. 1573-1610) poet and compiler; 'Seargeant at Armes' to Queen Elizabeth and James I; author of The Pilgrimage of Princes compiled from Greek and Latin author?, 1673. and other compilations and poems, mainly treating of Collectanea Curiosa

[500] Nathaniel Lloyd (1669–1745), master of Trinity Hall, Cambridge; son of Sir Richard Lloyd (1634I 1686); of St. Paul's School, London, and Trinity College, Oxford: fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, 1689; D.C.L., 1696; member of the College of Advocates, 1696; knighted, 1710; master of Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 1710-35; king's advocate, 1716-27.

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