Electoral results for the district of Lakemba

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Lakemba, an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, has had one incarnation, from 1927 until the present.[1][2][3][4]

Members for Lakemba[edit]

Election Member Party
1927   Fred Stanley Labor
1930
1932   Labor (NSW)
1935
1938   Labor
1941
1944
1947
1950 Stan Wyatt
1953
1956
1959
1962
1964 by Vince Durick
1965
1968
1971
1973
1976
1978
1981
1984 Wes Davoren
1988
1991
1995 Tony Stewart
1999 Morris Iemma
2003
2007
2008 by Robert Furolo
2011
2015 Jihad Dib
2019

Election results[edit]

Elections in the 2010s[edit]

2019[edit]

2019 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[5][6]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Jihad Dib 27,528 61.70 +4.40
Liberal Rashid Bhuiyan 10,031 22.48 +1.76
Christian Democrats Karl Schubert 3,170 7.11 −5.70
Greens Emmet de Bhaldraithe 2,041 4.57 −2.91
Keep Sydney Open Omar Najjar 988 2.21 +2.21
Animal Justice Dorlene Abou-Haidar 857 1.92 +1.92
Total formal votes 44,615 93.87 −0.60
Informal votes 2,916 6.13 +0.60
Turnout 47,531 86.02 −0.89
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Jihad Dib 29,245 72.42 +0.86
Liberal Rashid Bhuiyan 11,136 27.58 −0.86
Labor hold Swing +0.86

2015[edit]

2015 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[7][8]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Jihad Dib 25,638 57.3 +11.1
Liberal Rashid Bhuiyan 9,271 20.7 −13.1
Christian Democrats George El-Dahr 5,728 12.8 +8.2
Greens Chris Garvin 3,348 7.5 +1.9
No Land Tax Yahya Chehab 757 1.7 +1.7
Total formal votes 44,742 94.5 +1.1
Informal votes 2,624 5.5 −1.1
Turnout 47,366 86.9 +2.5
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Jihad Dib 27,338 71.6 +14.2
Liberal Rashid Bhuiyan 10,864 28.4 −14.2
Labor hold Swing +14.2

2011[edit]

2011 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Robert Furolo 21,595 48.6 -25.3
Liberal Michael Hawatt 16,333 36.8 +23.6
Greens Linda Eisler 3,374 7.6 +3.7
Christian Democrats Sungjae Kam 1,998 4.5 +0.5
  Social Justice Network Omar Quiader 1,133 2.5 +2.5
Total formal votes 44,433 94.8 -0.9
Informal votes 2,419 5.2 +0.9
Turnout 46,852 90.8
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Robert Furolo 22,983 57.0 -27.0
Liberal Michael Hawatt 17,337 43.0 +27.0
Labor hold Swing -27.0

Elections in the 2000s[edit]

2008 by-election[edit]

2008 Lakemba by-election
Saturday 18 October [10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Robert Furolo 23,004 58.2 −15.7
Liberal Michael Hawatt 9,354 23.66 +10.5
Greens Kristian Bolwell 4,847 12.3 +8.4
Christian Democrats Allan Lotfizadeh 1,292 3.3 [a]
Robert Aiken 564 1.4 +1.4
Christian Democrats Zarif Abdulla 479 1.2 [a]
Total formal votes 39,540 96.1 +0.3
Informal votes 1,696 3.9 −0.3
Turnout 41,236 80.4 −11.75
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Robert Furolo 24,308 70.5 −13.5
Liberal Michael Hawatt 10,173 29.5 +13.5
Labor hold Swing −13.5
  1. ^ a b The combined Christian Democrats vote was 4.5 percent, an increase of 0.5 percentage points.

2007[edit]

2007 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Morris Iemma 31,907 73.9 +9.1
Liberal Morris Mansour 5,698 13.2 -2.8
Christian Democrats Josephine Sammut 1,716 4.0 +1.3
Greens Bashir Sawalha 1,671 3.9 -3.0
Unity Omar Moussa 1,476 3.4 -1.1
Democrats Garry Dalrymple 473 1.1 +0.9
Joanne Kuniansky 237 0.5 +0.5
Total formal votes 43,178 95.8 +0.3
Informal votes 1,902 4.2 -0.3
Turnout 45,080 92.2
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Morris Iemma 33,596 84.0 +5.2
Liberal Morris Mansour 6,415 16.0 -5.2
Labor hold Swing +5.2

2003[edit]

2003 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[12]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Morris Iemma 24,060 64.2 +1.0
Liberal Daniel Try 6,503 17.4 +0.4
Greens Bashir Sawalha 2,499 6.7 +6.7
Unity Gengxing Chen 1,640 4.4 +4.4
Independent Gregory Briscoe-Hough 1,167 3.1 +3.1
Christian Democrats Zarif Abdulla 1,055 2.8 +2.8
Legal System Reform Mary Habib 344 0.9 +0.9
Robert Aiken 204 0.5 +0.5
Total formal votes 37,472 95.9 -0.5
Informal votes 1,621 4.1 +0.5
Turnout 39,093 91.1
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Morris Iemma 25,734 77.4 +2.7
Liberal Daniel Try 7,493 22.6 -2.7
Labor hold Swing +2.7

Elections in the 1990s[edit]

1999[edit]

1999 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[13]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Morris Iemma 24,457 63.2 +4.5
Liberal Michael Hawatt 6,588 17.0 -14.7
Independent Barbara Coorey 3,896 10.1 +10.1
One Nation Hussein Abou-Ghaida 1,487 3.8 +3.8
Democrats Richard Newman 1,181 3.1 +0.7
Against Further Immigration Tom Moody 1,079 2.8 +2.8
Total formal votes 38,688 96.4 +3.8
Informal votes 1,463 3.6 -3.8
Turnout 40,151 92.4
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Morris Iemma 26,536 74.7 +10.0
Liberal Michael Hawatt 8,998 25.3 -10.0
Labor hold Swing +10.0

1995[edit]

1995 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[14]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Tony Stewart 19,115 58.4 +6.8
Liberal Michael Hawatt 8,480 25.9 -6.1
Independent John Gorrie 3,468 10.6 +10.6
Democrats Amelia Newman 1,644 5.0 -3.6
Total formal votes 32,707 91.3 +7.1
Informal votes 3,135 8.7 -7.1
Turnout 35,842 92.8
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Tony Stewart 20,448 68.7 +9.3
Liberal Michael Hawatt 9,304 31.3 -9.3
Labor hold Swing +9.3

1991[edit]

1991 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[15]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Wes Davoren 15,110 51.6 +3.4
Liberal Karl Tartak 9,369 32.0 -0.4
Democrats Amelia Newman 2,513 8.6 +8.6
Independent Michael Hawatt 2,264 7.7 +7.7
Total formal votes 29,256 84.2 -10.4
Informal votes 5,499 15.8 +10.4
Turnout 34,755 92.7
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Wes Davoren 16,506 59.4 +2.1
Liberal Karl Tartak 11,267 40.6 -2.1
Labor hold Swing +2.1

Elections in the 1980s[edit]

1988[edit]

1988 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[16]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Wes Davoren 12,041 43.9 -17.0
Liberal Robert Batton 10,301 37.6 -1.4
Call to Australia Murray Peterson 1,902 6.9 +6.9
Independent Mohamed Arja 1,545 5.6 +5.6
Independent EFF Mohamed El Sadik 1,058 3.9 +3.9
Independent Saleh Almaleh 564 2.1 +2.1
Total formal votes 27,411 93.5 -2.2
Informal votes 1,895 6.5 +2.2
Turnout 29,306 92.6
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Wes Davoren 13,173 52.6 -8.4
Liberal Robert Batton 11,860 47.4 +8.4
Labor hold Swing -8.4

1984[edit]

1984 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[17]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Wes Davoren 16,398 61.8 -16.8
Liberal Stephen Law 10,125 38.2 +16.8
Total formal votes 26,523 95.7 +0.3
Informal votes 1,190 4.3 -0.3
Turnout 27,713 91.6 +1.0
Labor hold Swing -16.8

1981[edit]

1981 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Vince Durick 20,657 78.6 +3.7
Liberal Vivian Salama 5,635 21.4 0.0
Total formal votes 26,292 95.4
Informal votes 1,265 4.6
Turnout 27,557 90.6
Labor hold Swing +1.6

Elections in the 1970s[edit]

1978[edit]

1978 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[19]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Vince Durick 23,463 74.9 +15.1
Liberal Robin Graham 6,689 21.4 -12.3
Democrats Brenda Adams 1,155 3.7 +3.7
Total formal votes 31,307 97.1 -0.9
Informal votes 938 2.9 +0.9
Turnout 32,245 93.1 -2.0
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Vince Durick 23,805 77.0 +12.3
Liberal Robin Graham 7,100 23.0 -12.3
Labor hold Swing +12.3

1976[edit]

1976 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[20]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Vince Durick 19,518 59.8 +2.9
Liberal Robin Graham 11,008 33.7 -3.2
Independent Donald Carruthers 1,137 3.5 +3.5
Australia Timothy Dein 976 3.0 +3.0
Total formal votes 32,639 98.0 +1.5
Informal votes 670 2.0 -1.5
Turnout 33,309 95.1 +2.8
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Vince Durick 21,118 64.7 +5.0
Liberal Robin Graham 11,521 35.3 -5.0
Labor hold Swing +5.0

1973[edit]

1973 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[21]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Vince Durick 17,464 56.9 -2.5
Liberal Philip Gregory 11,313 36.9 -3.7
Independent Douglas Morgan 1,145 3.7 +3.7
Democratic Labor Anthony Hook 769 2.5 +2.5
Total formal votes 30,691 96.5
Informal votes 1,110 3.5
Turnout 31,801 92.3
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Vince Durick 18,323 59.7 +0.3
Liberal Philip Gregory 12,368 40.3 -0.3
Labor hold Swing +0.3

Elections in the 1960s[edit]

1968[edit]

1968 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[22]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Vince Durick 13,723 52.3 -4.4
Liberal Malcolm Broun 9,722 37.0 -6.3
Independent Lancelot Hutchinson 1,436 5.5 +5.5
Democratic Labor Annette Andrew 1,146 4.4 +4.4
Independent Francis Ball 218 0.8 +0.8
Total formal votes 26,245 96.6
Informal votes 913 3.4
Turnout 27,158 95.1
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Vince Durick 15,123 57.6 +0.9
Liberal Malcolm Broun 11,122 42.4 -0.9
Labor hold Swing +0.9

1965[edit]

1965 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[23]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Vince Durick 14,240 56.7 −3.8
Liberal Arthur Parry 10,865 43.3 +6.5
Total formal votes 25,105 98.4 −0.3
Informal votes 401 1.6 +0.3
Turnout 25,506 95.1 +0.3
Labor hold Swing −5.9

1964 by-election[edit]

1964 Lakemba by-election
Saturday 19 September [24]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Vince Durick 12,663 56.2 -4.3
Liberal Arthur Parry 9,283 41.2 +4.4
Independent Francis Ball 594 2.6
Total formal votes 22,540 98.3 -0.4
Informal votes 398 1.7 +0.4
Turnout 22,938 85.7 -9.1
Labor hold Swing
Stan Wyatt (Labor) died.[24]

1962[edit]

1962 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[25]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Stan Wyatt 15,454 60.5 −3.5
Liberal Russell Carter 9,415 36.8 +0.8
Communist Stanley Rust 682 2.7 +2.7
Total formal votes 25,551 98.7
Informal votes 324 1.3
Turnout 25,875 94.8
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Stan Wyatt 16,000 62.6 −1.4
Liberal Russell Carter 9,551 37.4 +1.4
Labor hold Swing −1.4

Elections in the 1950s[edit]

1959[edit]

1959 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[26]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Stan Wyatt 15,510 64.0
Liberal Dora Skelsey 8,737 36.0
Total formal votes 24,247 98.2
Informal votes 448 1.8
Turnout 24,695 95.2
Labor hold Swing

1956[edit]

1956 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[27]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Stan Wyatt 13,874 60.2 −8.6
Liberal John Whelan 7,818 33.9 +2.7
Communist James Staples 1,365 5.9 +5.9
Total formal votes 23,057 98.2 −0.2
Informal votes 416 1.8 +0.2
Turnout 23,473 94.8 +0.3
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Stan Wyatt 15,102 65.5 −3.3
Liberal John Whelan 7,955 34.5 +3.3
Labor hold Swing −3.3

1953[edit]

1953 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Stan Wyatt 15,008 68.8
Liberal George Chambers 6,813 31.2
Total formal votes 21,821 98.4
Informal votes 357 1.6
Turnout 22,178 94.5
Labor hold Swing

1950[edit]

1950 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[29]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Stan Wyatt 6,527 33.3
Liberal Samuel Warren 6,353 32.4
Independent Labor Fred Stanley 6,032 30.8
Communist Roy Boyd 678 3.5
Total formal votes 19,590 97.8
Informal votes 443 2.2
Turnout 20,033 93.8
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Stan Wyatt 11,139 56.9
Liberal Samuel Warren 8,451 43.1
Labor hold Swing
The sitting member was Fred Stanley who had been elected as a Labor candidate, however he was disendorsed as a result of voting in the election for the Legislative Council and stood as an Independent labor candidate.[29]

Elections in the 1940s[edit]

1947[edit]

1947 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[30]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Fred Stanley 14,376 55.3 +13.2
Independent William Dowe 5,711 22.0 +22.0
Independent Harry Robson 3,919 15.1 +15.1
Communist Adam Ogston 1,974 7.6 -9.8
Total formal votes 25,980 97.9 +0.6
Informal votes 546 2.1 -0.6
Turnout 26,526 95.3 +1.8
Labor hold Swing N/A
  • Preferences were not distributed.

1944[edit]

1944 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[31]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Fred Stanley 9,281 42.1 -29.0
Communist Adam Ogston 4,668 21.3 +21.3
Democratic William Crook 4,200 19.2 +19.2
Lang Labor Henry Mulcahy 3,798 17.4 +17.4
Total formal votes 21,884 97.3 +1.5
Informal votes 600 2.7 -1.5
Turnout 22,484 93.5 -0.4
After distribution of preferences
Labor Fred Stanley 11,857 54.2
Communist Adam Ogston 5,337 24.4
Democratic William Crook 4,690 21.4
Labor hold Swing N/A
  • Preferences were not distributed to completion.

1941[edit]

1941 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[32]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Fred Stanley 14,390 71.1
New Social Order William Dowe 3,321 16.4
State Labor Asa North 2,532 12.5
Total formal votes 20,243 95.8
Informal votes 882 4.2
Turnout 21,125 93.9
Labor hold Swing
  • Preferences were not distributed.

Elections in the 1930s[edit]

1938[edit]

1938 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Fred Stanley 11,796 61.9 +5.1
Independent William Dowe 7,276 38.1 +38.1
Total formal votes 19,072 96.6 -1.3
Informal votes 672 3.4 +1.3
Turnout 19,744 97.0 -0.1
Labor hold Swing N/A

1935[edit]

1935 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor (NSW) Fred Stanley 10,276 56.8 +7.6
United Australia Roland Murray 7,049 39.0 -2.8
Independent John Stewart 753 4.2 +4.2
Total formal votes 18,078 97.9 -0.4
Informal votes 390 2.1 +0.4
Turnout 18,468 97.1 +0.6
Labor (NSW) hold Swing N/A
  • Preferences were not distributed.

1932[edit]

1932 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[35]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor (NSW) Fred Stanley 8,667 49.2 -19.6
United Australia Robert Uebel 7,374 41.8 +15.6
Federal Labor John McCallum 1,431 8.1 +8.1
Communist John Terry 151 0.9 +0.1
Total formal votes 17,623 98.3 +1.2
Informal votes 306 1.7 -1.2
Turnout 17,929 96.5 -2.3
Two-party-preferred result
Labor (NSW) Fred Stanley 9,401 53.4
United Australia Robert Uebel 8,222 46.6
Labor (NSW) hold Swing

1930[edit]

1930 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[36]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Fred Stanley 11,861 68.8
Nationalist George Cann 4,517 26.2
Australian James Johnston 734 4.3
Communist Norman Jeffery 140 0.8
Total formal votes 17,252 97.1
Informal votes 512 2.9
Turnout 17,764 98.8
Labor hold Swing

Elections in the 1920s[edit]

1927[edit]

1927 New South Wales state election: Lakemba[37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Fred Stanley 7,498 47.9
Nationalist John Scott 5,976 38.2
Independent Labor George Cann (defeated) 2,174 13.9
Total formal votes 15,648 98.6
Informal votes 216 1.4
Turnout 15,864 88.9
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Fred Stanley 8,005 54.5
Nationalist John Scott 6,674 45.5
Labor win (new seat)

Notes[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Green, Antony. "Elections for the District of Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 23 October 2019.
  2. ^ "Lakemba- NSW Electorate, Candidates, Results". NSW Votes 2019. ABC News. Retrieved 23 October 2019.
  3. ^ "Part 5B alphabetical list of all electorates and Members since 1856" (PDF). NSW Parliamentary Record. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
  4. ^ "Former Members". Members of Parliament. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
  5. ^ "Lakemba: First Preference Votes". 2019 NSW election results. NSW Electoral Commission. Retrieved 24 January 2022.
  6. ^ "Lakemba: Distribution of Preferences". 2019 NSW election results. NSW Electoral Commission. Retrieved 24 January 2022.
  7. ^ State Electoral District of Lakemba: First Preference Votes, NSWEC.
  8. ^ State Electoral District of Lakemba: Distribution of Preferences, NSWEC.
  9. ^ Antony Green. "2011 New South Wales Election: Analysis of Results" (PDF). NSW Parliamentary Library. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 October 2012. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
  10. ^ "2008 Lakemba by-election results". NSW Electoral Commission. Archived from the original on 19 May 2009.
  11. ^ Green, Antony. "2007 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  12. ^ Green, Antony. "2003 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  13. ^ Green, Antony. "1999 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  14. ^ Green, Antony. "1995 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  15. ^ Green, Antony. "1991 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  16. ^ Green, Antony. "1988 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  17. ^ Green, Antony. "1984 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  18. ^ Green, Antony. "1981 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  19. ^ Green, Antony. "1978 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  20. ^ Green, Antony. "1976 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  21. ^ Green, Antony. "1973 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  22. ^ Green, Antony. "1968 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  23. ^ Green, Antony. "1965 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  24. ^ a b Green, Antony. "1964 Lakemba by-election". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 23 October 2019.
  25. ^ Green, Antony. "1962 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  26. ^ Green, Antony. "1959 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  27. ^ Green, Antony. "1956 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  28. ^ Green, Antony. "1953 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  29. ^ a b Green, Antony. "1950 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
  30. ^ Green, Antony. "1947 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
  31. ^ Green, Antony. "1944 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
  32. ^ Green, Antony. "1941 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
  33. ^ Green, Antony. "1938 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
  34. ^ Green, Antony. "1935 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
  35. ^ Green, Antony. "1932 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
  36. ^ Green, Antony. "1930 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
  37. ^ Green, Antony. "1927 Lakemba". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 3 May 2020.