Wikipedia:Translation/Flute Quartet
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I'm not sure how to actually edit the page itself...? This is my first time translating for Wikipedia. Here's the article, translated into English:
The term "flute quartet" designates a chamber music instrumentation form. The term is applied to two various types of ensembles, both types encompassing four musicians. The first ensemble is composed of flute, violin, viola, and cello; the other is composed of four flutes. In both cases, "Flute" almost always is used to designate the transverse-blown flute.
Instrumentation flute, violin, viola, and cello[edit]
Works of this instrumentation, which is very close to the string quartet (only substituting flute for the first violin), saw their high point in the middle of the second half of the 18th century. Besides the four quartets of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (KV 285 in DM, KV 285a in GM, KV 285b in CM, and KV 298 in AM), which are the best-known examples of this genre, many other composers wrote numerous works for this instrumentation; see for example Johann Christian Bach, Christian Cannabich, Domenico Cimarosa, Franz Danzi, François Devienne, Adalbert Gyrowetz, Josef Haydn, Franz Krommer, Ignaz Pleyel, Anton Reicha and Carlo Giuseppe Toeschi.
Interest in the flute with string trio, an instrumentation which had temporarily reached the popularity of the string quartet, is evidenced as well by string quartet transcriptions published around the time (such as Haydn's quartets). Gioacchino Rossini himself also transcribed four of his "6 Sonate a quattro" (originally for strings).
In the first decade of the 19th century, the string quartet almost entirely ousted this instrumentation, with nearly nothing further composed. As well, there are only singular examples during the 20th century - some works from Volkmar Andreae (Quartett op. 43) and Gottfried von Einem (Quartett op. 85).
Instrumentation of four flutes[edit]
Works for four flutes especially enjoyed development around the turn of the 19th century. Of the best-known of this time may be the compositions of Friedrich Kuhlau (Quartet in E Major) and Anton Reicha (Quartet Op. 12, Op. 19); further examples of the flute quartet come from Friedrich Hartmann Graf, Anton Bernhard Fuerstenau, and Luigi Gianella.
In the 20th century, the quartet with flutes enjoyed a renaissance. The French wind tradition especially made use of the specifically light tone colors of this instrumentation. Examples include works from Eugène Bozza (Jour d'été à la montagne), Florent Schmitt (Quartett op. 106), Josef Lauber (Visions de Corse op. 54), Marc Berthomieu (Arcadie), Joseph Jongen (Elégie op. 114,3), Alexander Tscherepnin (Quartett op. 60) and Daniel Theaker (Quartetts 1-3).