User talk:DavidShaw/Sandbox/Canterbury - Music
The Cathedral[edit]
Medieval[edit]
Polyphonic music written for the monks of Christ Church Priory (the Cathedral) survives from the thirteenth century. The Cathedral may have had an organ as early as the twelfth century,[1] though the names of organists are only recorded from the early fifteenth century.[2] One of the earliest named composers associated with Canterbury Cathedral was Leonel Power, who was appointed master of the new Lady Chapel choir formed in 1438.
Post-Reformation[edit]
The Reformation brought a period of decline in the Cathedral's music which was revived under Dean Thomas Neville in the early seventeenth century. Neville introduced instrumentalists into the Cathedral's music who played cornett and sackbut, probably members of the city's band of waits. The Cathedral acquired sets of recorders, lutes and viols for the use of the choir boys and lay-clerks.[1]
The City[edit]
Early modern[edit]
As was common in English cities in the Middle Ages, Canterbury employed a town band known as the Waits. There are records of payments to the Waits starting from 1402, though they probably existed earlier than this. The Waits were disbanded by the city authorities in 1641 for 'misdemeanors' but were reinstated in 1660 when they played for the visit of King Charles II on his return from exile.[3] Waits were eventually abolished nationally by the Municipal Corporations Act of 1835. A modern early music group called The Canterbury Waits has revived the name.[4]
The Canterbury Catch Club was a musical and social club which met in the city between 1779 and 1865. The club (male only) met weekly in the winter. It employed an orchestra to assist in performances in the first half of the evening. After the interval, the members sang catches and glees from the club's extensive music library (now deposited at the Cathedral Archives in Canterbury).[5]
Contemporary[edit]
The city gave its name to a musical genre known as the Canterbury Sound or Canterbury Scene, a group of progressive rock, avant-garde and jazz musicians based around the city during the late 1960s and early 1970s. Some very notable Canterbury bands were Soft Machine, Caravan and Camel. Over the years, with band membership changes and new bands evolving, the term has been used to describe a musical style or subgenre, rather than a regional group of musicians.[6]
The University of Kent has hosted concerts by bands including Led Zeppelin[7] and The Who.[8] During the late seventies and early eighties the Canterbury Odeon hosted a number of major acts, including The Cure[9] and Joy Division.[10] The Marlowe Theatre is also used for many musical performances, such as Don McLean in 2007,[11] and Fairport Convention in 2008.[12]
The Canterbury Choral Society gives regular concerts in Canterbury Cathedral, specialising in the large-scale choral works of the classical repertory.[13] The Canterbury Orchestra, founded in 1953, is a thriving group of enthusiastic players who regularly tackle major works from the symphonic repertoire.[14] Other musical groups include the Canterbury Singers (also founded in 1953), Cantemus, and the City of Canterbury Chamber Choir.[15] The University of Kent has a Symphony Orchestra, a University Choir, a Chamber Choir, and a University Concert Band and Big Band. [16]
The Canterbury Festival takes place over two weeks in October each year in Canterbury and the surrounding towns. It includes a wide range of musical events ranging from opera and symphony concerts to world music, jazz, folk, etc., with a Festival Club, a Fringe, and Umbrella events.[17]
Composers[edit]
Composers with an association with Canterbury include
- Thomas Tallis (c. 1505–1585), became a lay clerk (singing man) at Canterbury Cathedral c. 1540 and was subsequently appointed a Gentleman of the Chapel Royal in 1543.[1]
- Orlando Gibbons, organist, composer, and Gentleman of the Chapel Royal, who died in Canterbury in 1625 and was buried in the Cathedral.
- John Marsh (1752–1828), lawyer, amateur composer and concert organiser, wrote two symphonies for the Canterbury Orchestra before moving to Chichester in 1784.
- Thomas Clark (1775 - 1859), shoemaker and organist at the Methodist church in Canterbury, composer of 'West Gallery' hymns and psalm tunes.[18]
- Alan Ridout (1934-1996) educator and broadcaster, composer of church, orchestral and chamber music.
- Sir Peter Maxwell Davies was appointed an Honorary Fellow of Canterbury Christ Church University at a ceremony in Canterbury Cathedral.
- Many Canterbury Cathedral organists composed services, anthems, hymns, etc.
References[edit]
- ^ a b c Roger Bowers, 'The Liturgy of the Cathedral and its music, c. 1075–1642', In: A History of Canterbury Cathedral, ed. P. Collinson, N. Ramsay, M. Sparks. (OUP 1995, revised edition 2002), pp. 408–450.
- ^ Canterbury Cathedral : organs and organists.
- ^ James M. Gibson, 'The Canterbury Waits', in: Records of Early English Drama. Kent: Diocese of Canterbury. University of Toronto Press and The British Library, 2002.
- ^ The Canterbury Waits
- ^ Canterbury Cathedral Library
- ^ "Canterbury Scene". Allmusic. Retrieved 2008-05-29.
- ^ "University of Kent". Led Zeppelin - Official Website. Retrieved 2008-05-29.
- ^ "Year 1970". The Who Concert Guide. Retrieved 2008-05-29.
- ^ "27.04.1981 Canterbury - Odeon". The Cure Concerts Guide. Retrieved 2008-05-29.
- ^ "Joy Division setlist, 16.06.1979". Manchester District Music Archive. Retrieved 2008-05-29.
- ^ "An Evening with Don McLean". Marlowe Theatre. Retrieved 2008-05-29.
- ^ "Fairport Convention". Marlowe Theatre. Retrieved 2008-05-29.
- ^ Canterbury Choral Society.
- ^ The Canterbury Orchestra
- ^ http://www.cantemus.org.uk/; http://www.canterburychamberchoir.org.uk/
- ^ http://www.kent.ac.uk/music/makingmusic.html
- ^ http://www.canterburyfestival.co.uk/
- ^ Article on Thomas Clark on West Gallery Music Association web site.