User:Mr. Ibrahem/Pityriasis versicolor
| Mr. Ibrahem/Pityriasis versicolor | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Tinea versicolor, dermatomycosis furfuracea,[1] tinea flava[1] |
 | |
| Light areas of the skin on the chest due to pityriasis | |
| Specialty | Dermatology, infectious diseases[2] |
| Symptoms | Dark or light slightly scaly marks on skin[2] |
| Causes | Malassezia[3] |
| Risk factors | Warm, humid environment, pregnancy, immunodeficiency[3] |
| Diagnostic method | Usually based on appearance[3] |
| Differential diagnosis | Vitiligo, secondary syphilis[3] |
| Treatment | Antifungals (selenium sulfide, clotrimazole, ketoconazole)[3] |
| Prognosis | Benign[3] |
| Frequency | Common[3] |
Pityriasis versicolor, also known as tinea versicolor, is a superficial fungal infection of the skin, characterized by either reddish-brown, dark or light, slightly scaly marks on the skin.[2] It most commonly affects the upper arms and legs, chest, back, and neck.[3] The marks may be discrete or merged together and there may be a mild itch.[3]
It is caused by the yeast Malassezia, formerly known as Pityrosporum.[3] These yeast are normally found on the human skin and become troublesome only under certain circumstances, such as a warm and humid environment.[3] Other risk factors include pregnancy and immunodeficiency.[3] The disease does not spread between people.[3]
Diagnosis is usually by the appearance of the rash.[3] The marks fluoresce yellow with a Wood's lamp.[3] Direct microscopy may show a "spaghetti and meatballs appearance" of the spores and short filaments.[2] Vitiligo and chloasma do not scale, but otherwise may appear similar.[4] Treatment options include selenium sulfide shampoo, and other creams and shampoos containing antifungals such as clotrimazole 1% or ketoconazole 2%.[3] If this is not effective antifungals by mouth may be used.[3] While the disease is not serious, it may recur.[3]
Pityriasis versicolo is common.[3] Rates are as high as 50% in tropical countries.[3] It is more common during the summer.[5] Males and females are affected equally.[3] The condition was first identified in 1846.[6] Versicolor comes from the Latin, from versāre "to turn" and "color".[7]
References[edit]
- ^ a b Rapini, Ronald P; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St Louis: Mosby. pp. Chapter 76. ISBN 1-4160-2999-0.
- ^ a b c d Johnstone, Ronald B. (2017). "25. Mycoses and Algal infections". Weedon's Skin Pathology Essentials (2nd ed.). Elsevier. p. 447. ISBN 978-0-7020-6830-0. Archived from the original on 2021-05-25. Retrieved 2021-07-17.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Karray, M; McKinney, WP (January 2021). "Tinea Versicolor". PMID 29494106.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Saunte, Ditte M. L.; Gaitanis, George; Hay, Roderick James (2020). "Malassezia-Associated Skin Diseases, the Use of Diagnostics and Treatment". Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. 0. doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.00112. ISSN 2235-2988. PMID 32266163. Archived from the original on 2020-05-06. Retrieved 2021-06-21.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ "Pityriasis versicolor". dermnetnz.org. Archived from the original on 3 March 2021. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
- ^ Inamadar AC, Palit A (2003). "The genus Malassezia and human disease". Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 69 (4): 265–70. PMID 17642908.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "versicolor". Collins English Dictionary — Complete & Unabridged 10th Edition. HarperCollins Publishers. Archived from the original on October 18, 2012. Retrieved March 2, 2013.