Mary Harris Armor
Mary Harris Armor | |
|---|---|
 Mary Harris Armor, c. 1922 | |
| Born | March 9, 1863 Penfield, Georgia, C.S. |
| Died | November 5, 1950 (aged 87)[1] Fulton County, Georgia, U.S. |
| Known for | Georgia State President of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union |
| Spouse |
Walter Florence Armor
(m. 1883) |
Mary Elizabeth Harris Armor (sometimes spelled Armour; March 9, 1863 – November 6, 1950) was an American temperance leader. She was the state president of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) and is often credited for the passing of prohibition legislature in Georgia.
Personal life[edit]
Mary Elizabeth Harris was born on March 9, 1863, in Georgia to physician William Harris. She married Walter Florence Armor in August 1883.[1]
Career[edit]
Armor often used the women's suffrage movement to advocate for prohibition in Georgia.[citation needed] Between 1903 and 1915, while serving in state and national offices with the WCTU, she lobbied for Congress to "protect women and children especially through prohibition legislation."[2] As a result, Armor is often credited for the passing of prohibition legislation in Georgia.[3] Upon the passing of a State-wide prohibition law in 1907, the newspaper Atlanta Constitution described her as the voice "that aroused the Christian conscience of the State and put it on the march."[4] She predicted that "brewery stock in this country will not be worth as much as Confederate money was in 1865."[5]
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Armor was often nicknamed the "Georgia Cyclone."[6] She lectured and campaigned across the United States for the prohibition cause. Her speeches were so moving she was sometimes referred to as "the Joan of Arc of the temperance movement." In one instance, she raised $7,000 for WCTU in one night through an empowering speech.[7] As a result of her campaigning, Armor was the recipient of an honorary law degree from Wesleyan College in 1918.[8]
During the 1920s, she travelled to New Zealand to promote prohibition.[9][10] The president of the Women's Christian Temperance Union New Zealand (WCTU NZ), Rachel Hull Don, organised a great welcome upon Dr. Armor's arrival in Wellington on 25 August 1922. Together with other clubs, the WCTU NZ organised parties and receptions as well as a formal introduction to the Prime Minister. She coined a slogan, sung to the popular tune of "Bringing in the Sheaves," that was sung by many New Zealanders as they campaigned for prohibition that year:
- New Zealand's going dry!
- New Zealand's going dry!
- Pass along the watchword,
- New Zealand’s going dry!
- New Zealand’s going dry!
- New Zealand's going dry!
- Glory Hallelujah!
- New Zealand’s going dry![11]
As part of her movement, Armor asked Fred Loring Seely of The Atlanta Georgian to allow the WCTU to publish in his newspapers. He refused as his newspaper was presenting the prohibition as an assertion of masculinity.[12] Upon the passing of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, she joined the League of Women Voters.[1]
Armor died on November 5, 1950.[1]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d "Biographical Sketch of Mary Harris Armor". alexanderstreet.com. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
- ^ Jonathan Daniel Wells; Sheila R. Phipps (December 1, 2009). Entering the Fray: Gender, Politics, and Culture in the New South. University of Missouri Press. p. 50. ISBN 9780826272089. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
- ^ "Mary Harris Armor". ahgp.org. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
- ^ "DR MARY HARRIS-ARMOR, OF GEORGIA, CTD". wvgal.tripod.com. July 1949. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
- ^ "SAYS LIQUOR IS DOOMED.; Brewery Stock to be Worthless in Five Years, Mrs. Armor Predicts". New York Times. Kansas City. March 30, 1914. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
- ^ Staci Catron-Sullivan; Susan Neill (February 2, 2005). Women in Atlanta. Arcadia Publishing. p. 86. ISBN 9781439629741. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
- ^ "The part taken by women in American history". archive.org. pp. 668–669. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
- ^ "History". wesleyancollege.edu. Archived from the original on July 18, 2019. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
- ^ Tyrell, Ian (July 1, 2010). Reforming the World: The Creation of America's Moral Empire. Princeton University Press. p. 215. ISBN 9781400836635. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
- ^ Tyrrell, Ian (March 19, 2014). Woman's World/Woman's Empire: The Woman's Christian Temperance Union in International Perspective, 1880-1930. UNC Press Books. p. 278. ISBN 9781469620800. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
- ^ "Arrival of Dr. Armor". The White Ribbon (NZ). 28 (327): 3. September 18, 1922. Retrieved November 7, 2021.
- ^ Carol Nackenoff; Julie Novkov (January 6, 2014). Statebuilding from the Margins: Between Reconstruction and the New Deal. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 89–90. ISBN 9780812209075. Retrieved November 7, 2019.