List of royal and imperial elections in the Holy Roman Empire
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The following is a list of imperial elections in the Holy Roman Empire. Entries in italics are for elections where the claim of the man elected to be King of the Romans was disputed.
| Election | Location | Man elected | Relationship | Dynasty | Notes | Electorate held |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 983 | Verona | Otto III | Son of predecessor | Ottonian | ||
| 1002 | Henry II | Ottonian | ||||
| 1024 | Kamba, near Oppenheim | Conrad II | Different dynasty | Salian | ||
| 1028 | Aachen | Henry III | Son of predecessor | Salian | ||
| 1051 | Trebur | Henry IV | Son of predecessor | Salian | ||
| 1075 | Goslar | Conrad II | Son of predecessor | Salian | King of the Romans | |
| 1077 | Forchheim | Rudolf of Rheinfelden | Different dynasty | Rheinfelden | Anti-king | |
| 1081 | Ochsenfurt | Hermann of Salm | Different dynasty | Salm | Anti-king | |
| 1106 | Mainz | Henry V | Different dynasty (son of Henry IV) | Salian | ||
| 1125 | Mainz | Lothair III | Different dynasty | Supplinburg | ||
| 1127 | Nuremberg | Conrad III | Different dynasty | Hohenstaufen | King of the Romans | |
| 1138 | Koblenz | Conrad III | Same man | Hohenstaufen | King of the Romans | |
| 1147 | Regensburg | Henry (VI) | Son of predecessor | Hohenstaufen | King of the Romans | |
| 1152 | Frankfurt | Frederick I | Nephew of predecessor | Hohenstaufen | ||
| 1169 | Bamberg | Henry VI | Son of predecessor | Hohenstaufen | ||
| 1196 | Frankfurt | Frederick II | Son of predecessor | Hohenstaufen | ||
| March 1198 | Mühlhausen | Philip | Uncle of predecessor | Hohenstaufen | King of the Romans | |
| June 1198 | Cologne | Otto IV | Different dynasty | Welf | ||
| 1208 | Frankfurt | |||||
| 1211 | Nuremberg | Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor | different dynasty | Hohenstaufen | ||
| 1220 | Frankfurt | Henry (VII) | son of predecessor | Hohenstaufen | King of the Romans | |
| 1237 | Vienna | Conrad IV | Half-brother of predecessor | Hohenstaufen | King of the Romans | |
| 1246 | Henry Raspe | Different dynasty | Ludovingians | Anti-king of the Romans | ||
| 1247 | William II of Holland | Different dynasty | Holland (Gerulfings) | Anti-king of the Romans until 1254, sole king thereafter |
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| 1252 | Brunswick | William II of Holland | Different dynasty | Holland (Gerulfings) | Anti-king of the Romans until 1254, sole king thereafter |
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| January 1257 | Richard | Different dynasty | Plantagenet | King of the Romans | None | |
| April 1257 | Alfonso X | Different dynasty | Ivrea/Burgundy | Contender | None | |
| 1273 | Frankfurt | Rudolf I | Different dynasty | Habsburg | King of the Romans | None |
| 1292 | Frankfurt | Adolf | Different dynasty | Nassau | King of the Romans | None |
| 1298 Imperial election | Albert I | Different dynasty | Habsburg | King of the Romans | None | |
| 1308 | Frankfurt | Henry VII | Different dynasty | Luxembourg | None | |
| 19 October 1314 | Sachsenhausen | Frederick (III) | Different dynasty | Habsburg | King of the Romans | None |
| 20 October 1314 | Frankfurt | Louis IV | Different dynasty | Wittelsbach | None | |
| 1346 | Rhens | Charles IV | Different dynasty | Luxembourg | Son of the Elector of Bohemia | |
| January 1349 | Frankfurt | Günther | Different dynasty | Schwarzburg | Anti-king | None |
| June 1349 | Frankfurt | Charles IV | Different dynasty | Luxembourg | Bohemia | |
| 1376 | Frankfurt | Wenceslaus IV | Son of predecessor | Luxembourg | King of the Romans | Brandenburg (and son of the elector of Bohemia) |
| May 1400 | Frankfurt | Frederick I | Different dynasty | Welf | Unclear if he was ever elected | None |
| August 1400 | Rhens | Rupert | Different dynasty | Wittelsbach | King of the Romans | Palatinate |
| September 1410 | Sigismund | Different dynasty | Luxembourg | None | ||
| October 1410 | Jobst of Moravia | First cousin of predecessor | Luxembourg | King of the Romans | Brandenburg (and first cousin of the Elector of Bohemia) | |
| 1411 | Sigismund | First cousin of predecessor | Luxembourg | Brandenburg (and half-brother of the Elector of Bohemia) | ||
| 1438 | Frankfurt | Albert II | Son-in-law of predecessor | Habsburg | King of the Romans | Bohemia (did not attend) |
| 1440 | Frankfurt | Frederick III | Second cousin of predecessor | Habsburg | None | |
| 1486 | Frankfurt | Maximilian I | Son of predecessor | Habsburg | None | |
| 1519 | Frankfurt | Charles V | Grandson of predecessor | Habsburg | None (brother-in-law of the Elector of Bohemia) | |
| 1531 | Cologne | Ferdinand I | Brother of predecessor | Habsburg | Bohemia | |
| 1562 | Frankfurt | Maximilian II | Son of predecessor | Habsburg | Son of the Elector of Bohemia | |
| 1575 | Regensburg | Rudolf II | Son of predecessor | Habsburg | Son of the Elector of Bohemia | |
| 1612 | Frankfurt | Matthias | Brother of predecessor | Habsburg | Bohemia | |
| 1619 | Frankfurt | Ferdinand II | First cousin of predecessor | Habsburg | None (had been deposed as Elector of Bohemia) | |
| 1636 | Regensburg | Ferdinand III | Son of predecessor | Habsburg | Bohemia | |
| 1653 | Augsburg | Ferdinand IV | Son of predecessor | Habsburg | King of the Romans | Bohemia (abstained) |
| 1658 | Frankfurt | Leopold I | Brother of predecessor | Habsburg | Bohemia (abstained) | |
| 1690 | Augsburg | Joseph I | Son of predecessor | Habsburg | Son of the Elector of Bohemia (who abstained) | |
| 1711 | Frankfurt | Charles VI | Brother of predecessor | Habsburg | Bohemia | |
| 1742 | Frankfurt | Charles VII | Different dynasty | Wittelsbach | Bavaria | |
| 1745 | Frankfurt | Francis I | Different dynasty | Lorraine | Husband of the Electress of Bohemia | |
| 1764 | Frankfurt | Joseph II | Son of predecessor | Habsburg-Lorraine | Son of the Electress of Bohemia | |
| 1790 | Frankfurt | Leopold II | Brother of predecessor | Habsburg-Lorraine | Bohemia | |
| 1792 | Frankfurt | Francis II | Son of predecessor | Habsburg-Lorraine | Bohemia |
