List of irregularly spelled places in the United States

This list is a sublist of List of irregularly spelled English names.

List[edit]

List
Place	Pronunciation		Note
Place	Respelling	IPA	Note
Aberdeen, Washington	AB-ər-deen	/ˈæbərdiːn/	Also the city in Maryland
Abiquiú, New Mexico	AB-ə-kew	/ˈæbəkjuː/
Acequia, Idaho	ə-SEE-kwə	/əˈsiːkwə/
Achilles, Kansas	ə-KIL-iss	/əˈkɪlɪs/
Advance, North Carolina	AD-vanss	/ˈædvæns/	Also the place in Missouri
Alachua, Florida	ə-LATCH-oo-ay	/əˈlætʃuːeɪ/
Albany, Georgia	awl-BAY-nee, -⁠BEN-ee	/ɔːlˈbeɪni, -ˈbɛni/
Albuquerque, New Mexico	AL-bə-kur-kee	/ˈælbəkɜːrki/
Aloha, Oregon	ə-LOH-ə	/əˈloʊə/
Amherst, Massachusetts	AM-ərst	/ˈæmərst/
Arab, Alabama	AY-rab	/ˈeɪræb/	Also the place in Missouri
Arkansas	AR-kən-saw	/ˈɑːrkənsɔː/
Arkansas City, Kansas	ar-KAN-zəss	/ɑːrˈkænzəs/
Arkansas River	ar-KAN-zəss	/ɑːrˈkænzəs/^[1]
Arriba, Colorado	ARR-ib-ə	/ˈærɪbə/
Armada, Michigan	AR-may-də	/ˈɑːrmeɪdə/
Athens, Kentucky	AY-thənz	/ˈeɪθənz/	Also the places in Illinois and Vermont
Au Sable River, Michigan	aw SAY-bəl, ow	/ɔː ˈseɪbəl, aʊ ˈseɪbəl/
Austwell, Texas	AWSS-wel	/ˈɔːswɛl/
Avon, New York	AV-on	/ˈævɒn/
Ayer, Massachusetts	AY-ər	/ˈeɪər/
Bahama, North Carolina	bə-HAY-mə	/bəˈheɪmə/
Balmorhea, Texas	BAL-mər-AY	/ˌbælməˈreɪ/
Bangor, Maine	BANG-gor	/ˈbæŋɡɔːr/
Banquete, Texas	bang-KET-ee	/bæŋˈkɛti/
Baraga, Michigan	BAIR-ə-gə	/ˈbɛərəɡə/
Barre, Vermont	BARR-ee, like Barry	/ˈbæri/
Beatrice, Alabama	bee-AT-riss	/biːˈætrɪs/	Also the place in Nebraska
Beatty, Nevada	BAY-tee	/ˈbeɪti/
Beaufort, South Carolina	BEW-fərt	/ˈbjuːfərt/
Bedias, Texas		/ˈbiːdaɪs/
Belen, New Mexico	bə-LIN	/bəˈlɪn/
Bellefontaine, Ohio	bel-FOWN-tin	/bɛlˈfaʊntɪn/
Belle Fourche River	bel FOOSH	/bɛl ˈfuːʃ/
Benld, Illinois	bə-NELD	/bəˈnɛld/
Bergen, New York	BUR-jən	/ˈbɜːrdʒən/
Berlin	BUR-lin	/ˈbɜːrlɪn/	Name of multiple places
Bethlehem, Pennsylvania	BETH-ləm	/ˈbɛθləm/^[2]
Bexar County, Texas	BAY-ər or like bear	/ˈbeɪ.ər, ˈbɛər/
Billerica, Massachusetts	bel-RIK-ə	/bɛlˈrɪkə/
Biloxi, Mississippi	bil-UK-see	/bɪˈlʌksi/
Bingen, Washington	BIN-jən	/ˈbɪndʒən/
Biscay, Minnesota	BISS-kee	/ˈbɪski/
Boca Raton, Florida	BOH-kə rə-TOHN	/ˈboʊkə rəˈtoʊn/
Boerne, Texas	BUR-nee	/ˈbɜːrni/
Bogata, Texas	bə-GOH-tə	/bəˈɡoʊtə/
Bogota, New Jersey	bə-GOH-tə	/bəˈɡoʊtə/
Bois D'Arc, Missouri	BOH dark	/ˈboʊ dɑːrk/
Boise, Idaho	BOY-see, -⁠zee	/ˈbɔɪsi/ in Idaho; /ˈbɔɪzi/ elsewhere^{[citation needed]}
Boise City, Oklahoma	like Boyce	/ˈbɔɪs/^[3]^{[n 1]}
Bolivar, Missouri	BOL-iv-ər	/ˈbɒlɪvər/	Name of multiple places^{[n 2]}
Bolivar Township, Indiana	BOL-iv-ər	/ˈbɒlɪvər/
Bosque County, Texas	BOSS-kee	/ˈbɒski/
Bossier City, Louisiana	BOH-zhər	/ˈboʊʒər/
Bowie, Maryland	BOO-ee	/ˈbuːi/	Also the place in Texas
Buena, New Jersey	BEW-nə	/ˈbjuːnə/
Buena, Washington	BEW-en-ə	/ˈbjuːɛnə/
Buena Vista, Colorado	BEW-nə-VISS-tə	/ˌbjuːnəˈvɪstə/	Name of multiple places
Buck Creek, Indiana	BUK-rik	/ˈbʌkrɪk/
Buddha, Indiana	BOO-dee	/ˈbuːdi/
Buhl, Idaho	bewl	/bjuːl/
Bulverde, Texas	buul-VUR-dee	/bʊlˈvɜːrdi/
Burgundy Street, New Orleans, Louisiana	bər-GUN-dee	/bərˈɡʌndi/
Burien, Washington	BURE-ee-ən	/ˈbjʊəriən/
Burnet, Texas	BUR-nit	/ˈbɜːrnɪt/
Burthe Street, New Orleans, Louisiana	bewth	/bjuːθ/
Cairo, Georgia	KAY-roh	/ˈkeɪroʊ/	Also the place in Mississippi
Cairo, Illinois	KAIR-oh	/ˈkɛəroʊ/	Also the places in New York and Ohio
Cahuenga Pass	kə-WENG-gə	/kəˈwɛŋɡə/
Calais, Maine	KAL-iss	/ˈkælɪs/^{[n 3]}	Also the place in Vermont
Calliope Street, New Orleans, Louisiana	KAL-ee-ohp	/ˈkælioʊp/
Camano Island	kə-MAY-noh	/kəˈmeɪnoʊ/
Canaan Valley	kə-NAYN	/kəˈneɪn/
Casa Grande, Arizona	KASS-ə GRAND	/ˈkæsə ˌɡrænd/
Casa Grande, Arizona	KASS-ə GRAN-dee	/ˈkæsə ˌɡrændi/
Camp Hill, Pennsylvania	kam-PIL	/kæmˈpɪl/
Canajoharie, New York	KAN-ə-jə-HAIR-ee	/ˈkænədʒəˈhɛəri/
Canyon de Chelly National Monument	Canyon de SHAY	/ˈʃeɪ/
Castile, New York	koss-TYLE	/ˈkɒstaɪl/
Cathlamet, Washington	kəth-LAM-ət	/kəθˈlæmət/
Celina, Texas	sil-EYE-nə	/sɪˈlaɪnə/
Chartres Street, New Orleans, Louisiana	like charter	/ˈtʃɑːrtər/
Charlevoix, Michigan	SHAR-lə-voy	/ˈʃɑːrləvɔɪ/
Charlotte, Vermont	shar-LOT	/ʃɑːrˈlɒt/	Also the place in New York
Chatham, Massachusetts	CHAT-əm	/ˈtʃætəm/	Also the places in New York and New Jersey
Chauncey, Ohio	CHAN-see	/ˈtʃænsi/
Chehalis River, Washington	shə-HAY-liss	/ʃəˈheɪlɪs/
Chelan County, Washington	shil-AN	/ʃɪˈlæn/
Cheyenne, Wyoming	shy-AN	/ʃaɪˈæn/
Cherryville, North Carolina	CHUR-vil	/ˈtʃɜːrvɪl/
Chewelah, Washington	chih-WIL-ə	/tʃɪˈwiːlə/
Chicago	shik-AH-goh	/ʃɪˈkɑːɡoʊ/
Chickasha, Oklahoma	CHIK-ə-shay	/ˈtʃɪkəʃeɪ/
Chili, New York	CHY-ly	/ˈtʃaɪlaɪ/^[4]	Also the place in Indiana
Clatskanie, Oregon	KLAT-skə-ny	/ˈklætskənaɪ/
Clinton, South Carolina	KLIN-ən	/ˈklɪnən/
Coahoma, Mississippi	kə-HOH-mə	/kəˈhoʊmə/
Coeur d'Alene, Idaho	KOR də-LAYN	/ˌkɔːr dəˈleɪn/
Concord, New Hampshire	KONK-ərd	/ˈkɒŋkərd/	Also the place in Massachusetts
Conneaut, Ohio	KON-ee-awt	/ˈkɒniɔːt/
Conneautville, Pennsylvania	KON-ee-awt	/ˈkɒniɔːt/
Conetoe, North Carolina	kə-NEE-tə	/kəˈniːtə/
Connecticut	kə-NET-ik-ət	/kəˈnɛtɪkət/
Copalis Beach, Washington	koh-PAY-liss	/koʊˈpeɪlɪs/
Copiague, New York	koh-PAYG	/koʊˈpeɪɡ/
Coquille, Oregon	koh-KEEL	/koʊˈkiːl/
Cordele, Georgia	kor-DEEL	/kɔːrˈdiːl/
Cordele, Texas	kor-DEL	/kɔːrˈdɛl/
Cotulla, Texas	kə-TEW-lə	/kəˈtjuːlə/
Coupland, Texas	like Copeland	/ˈkoʊplənd/
Courtois Creek	KOH-tə-way	locally /ˈkoʊtəweɪ/
Coventry, Connecticut	KOV-ən-tree	/ˈkɒvəntri/	Also the place in Rhode Island
Coxsackie, New York	kuuk-SAK-ee	/kʊkˈsæki/
Creve Coeur, Missouri	KREEV KOOR	/ˈkriːv ˈkʊər/
Cudahy, California	KUD-ə-h(a)y, KOO-də-	/ˈkʌdəheɪ, ˈkuːdəhaɪ/
Dalton, Ohio	DAL-tən	/ˈdæltən/
Damariscotta, Maine	dam-riss-KOT-ə	/dæmrɪˈskɒtə/
Darien, Connecticut	DAIR-ee-AN	/ˌdɛəriˈæn/
Delhi, California	DEL-hy	/ˈdɛlhaɪ/	Name of multiple places
Del Norte County, California and Del Norte, Colorado	del NORT	/dɛl ˈnɔːrt/
Demonbreun Street, Nashville, Tennessee	də-MON-bree-in	/dəˈmɒnbri.ɪn/^[5]
Dequindre Cut, Detroit, Michigan	duu-KWIN-duurr	/dʊˈkwɪndʊr/
Des Moines, Iowa	dih MOYN	/dɪ ˈmɔɪn/
Des Moines, Washington	dih MOYNZ	/dɪ ˈmɔɪnz/
Deschutes River, Oregon	dish-OOTS	/dɪˈʃuːts/
Duarte, California	DWOR-tee	/ˈdwɔːrti/
DuBois, Pennsylvania	doo-BOYZ, -⁠BOYSS, -⁠BWAH	/duˈbɔɪz, -ˈbɔɪs/^{[n 4]}
Dubois County, Indiana	doo-BOYZ, -⁠BOYSS	/duˈbɔɪz, -ˈbɔɪs/^{[n 4]}
Duenweg, Missouri	dun-ə-WEG	/dʌnəˈwɛɡ/
Duffau, Texas	də-FOH	/dəˈfoʊ/
Dungeness River	DUN-jin-iss	/ˈdʌndʒɪnɪs/^{[n 5]}
Eau Claire, Michigan	aw-KLAIR	/ɔːˈklɛər/^{[n 6]}
El Dorado, Arkansas	EL-də-RAY-doh	/ˌɛldəˈreɪdoʊ/	Multiple placenames
El Dorado Springs, Missouri	EL-də-RAY-doh	/ˌɛldəˈreɪdoʊ/
Elbe, Washington	EL-bee	/ˈɛlbiː/
Elizabethton	il-IZ-ə-BEE-thən, like Elizabethan	/ɪˌlɪzəˈbiːθən/
Elkhart	EL-kart	/ˈɛlkɑːrt/	Name of multiple places
Embarras River, Illinois	AM-braw	/ˈæmbrɔː/
Ephrata, Washington	ee-FRAY-tə	/iˈfreɪtə/^{[n 7]}
Estacada, Oregon	ESS-tə-KAY-də	/ˌɛstəˈkeɪdə/
Faneuil Hall, Boston	FAN-(ee)-əl	/ˈfæn(i)əl/
Floydada, Texas	floy-DAY-də	/flɔɪˈdeɪdə/
Forked River, New Jersey	FOR-kid	/ˈfɔːrkɪd/
Fort Duquesne, Pittsburgh	dew-KAYN	/djuːˈkeɪn/
Fremont, California	FREE-mont	/ˈfriːmɒnt/
Freret, New Orleans	fər-ET	/fərˈɛt/
Fries, Virginia	FREEZ, like ‘freeze’	/ˈfriːz/
Galice, Oregon	gə-LEESS	/ɡəˈliːs/
Gallipolis, Ohio	GAL-ə-pə-LEESS	/ˌɡæləpəˈliːs/
Galveston, Indiana	gal-VESS-tən	/ɡælˈvɛstən/^{[n 8]}
Geauga County, Ohio	jee-AW-gə	/dʒiˈɔːɡə/
Genoa, New York	jen-OH-ə	/dʒɛˈnoʊə/
Ghent, Ohio	JENT	/ˈdʒɛnt/
Gloucester County, New Jersey	GLAW-stər	/ˈɡlɔːstər/^{[n 9]}	Name of multiple places
Gnadenhutten, Ohio	jə-NAY-dən-HUT-ən	/dʒəˌneɪdənˈhʌtən/
Gogebic County, Michigan	goh-GHEE-bik	/ɡoʊˈɡiːbɪk/
Greenwich, Connecticut	GREN-itch	/ˈɡrɛnɪtʃ/^{[n 10]}
Greenwich Village	GREN-itch	/ˈɡrɛnɪtʃ/
Gruene, New Braunfels, Texas	like ‘green’	/ˈɡriːn/
Harlingen, Texas	HAR-lin-jən	/ˈhɑːrlɪndʒən/^{[n 11]}
Haverhill, Massachusetts	HAY-vər-il	/ˈheɪvərɪl/
Havre, Montana	HAV-ər	/ˈhævər/
Havre de Grace, Maryland	HAV-ər də GRAYSS	/ˈhævər də ˈɡreɪs/
Helena, Alabama	hə-LEE-nə	/həˈliːnə/
Hereford, Texas	HUR-fərd	/ˈhɜːrfərd/	Also a place in Pennsylvania
Hindman, Kentucky	HIM-ən	/ˈhɪmən/^{[n 12]}
Hochheim, Texas	HOH-hyme	/ˈhoʊhaɪm/
Hockessin, Delaware	HOH-kess-in	/ˈhoʊkɛsɪn/
Holcomb, Missouri	HAW-kəm	/ˈhɔːkəm/
Houston, Delaware	HOW-stən	/ˈhaʊstən/	Also places in Georgia and Ohio, and the New York City street
Houston, Texas	HEW-stən, YOO-	/ˈ(h)juːstən/^{[n 13]}
Houston Street, New York City	HOW-stən	/ˈhaʊstən/
Hualapai	WOL-ə-py	/ˈwɒləpaɪ/
Huger, South Carolina	HEW-jee, YOO-	/ˈ(h)juːdʒi/
Humble, Texas	UM-bəl	/ˈʌmbəl/
Hurricane, Utah	HUR-ik-ən	/ˈhɜːrɪkən/^{[n 14]}^{[n 15]}	Also places in Mississippi and West Virginia
Illinois	IL-in-OY	/ˌɪlɪˈnɔɪ/
Ilwaco	il-WAH-koh	/ɪlˈwɑːkoʊ/^{[n 16]}
Inez, Kentucky	AN-eez, like ‘Annie’s’	/ˈæniːz/^{[n 17]}
Iowa, Louisiana	EYE-ə-way	/ˈaɪ.əweɪ/
Iraan, Texas	EYE-rə-AN	/ˌaɪrəˈæn/
Ironton	ARN-tən	/ˈɑːrntən/
Ischua	ISH-way	/ˈɪʃweɪ/
Isla Vista	EYE-lə VISS-tə	/ˌaɪlə ˈvɪstə/
Iselin	IZ-lən	/ˈɪzlən/
Isle au Haut	EYE-lə-hoh	/ˈaɪləhoʊ/
Islip	EYESS-lip	/ˈaɪslɪp/
Italy, Texas	IT-lee	/ˈɪtli/^{[n 18]}
Jourdanton, Texas	JUR-dən-tən	/ˈdʒɜːrdəntən/
Juab County	JOO-ab	/ˈdʒuːæb/
Julian, Pennsylvania	joo-lee-AN	/dʒuːliˈæn/
Kalaloch	KLAY-lok	/ˈkleɪlɒk/
Kamay, Texas	KAY-may	/ˈkeɪmeɪ/
Kamela, Oregon	kə-MEE-lə	/kəˈmiːlə/
Kamiah	KAM-ee-eye	/ˈkæmiaɪ/
Kearney	KAR-nee	/ˈkɑːrni/	Various places
Keechelus Lake	KETCH-əl-əss	/ˈkɛtʃələs/
Keuka Lake	KEW-kə	/ˈkjuːkə/
Keweenaw County	KEE-win-aw	/ˈkiːwɪnɔː/
Kissimmee	kiss-IM-ee	/kɪˈsɪmiː/
Kleberg County, Texas	KLAY-burg	/ˈkleɪbɜːrɡ/
Kosciusko	koz-ee-ESS-koh	/kɒziˈɛskoʊ/
Kosciusko County	koss-ee-OSS-koh	/kɒsiˈɒskoʊ/
Kountze, Texas	KOONTS	/ˈkuːnts/
Kure Beach	KURE-ee	/ˈkjʊəri/
La Fayette	lə-F(A)Y-ət	/ləˈfeɪət, -ˈfaɪ-/
La Grande	lə GRAND	/lə ˈɡrænd/
La Jolla	lə HOY-ə	/lə ˈhɔɪə/
Lac Courte Oreilles	lə-KOO-tə-RAY	/ləˌkuːtəˈreɪ/
Lafayette	LA(H)F-ee-ET	/ˌlɑːfiːˈɛt, ˌlæf-/
La Plata	lə PLAY-tə	/lə ˈpleɪtə/
Lake Orion	ORR-ee-ən	/ˈɒriən/	Also other places named "Orion"
Lake Oswego	oss-WEE-goh	/ɒsˈwiːɡoʊ/
Lake Pend Oreille	pon-də-RAY	/pɒndəˈreɪ/
Lalor Street, Trenton	LAW-lər	/ˈlɔːlər/
Lamesa, Texas	lə-MEE-sə	/ləˈmiːsə/
Lancaster, Pennsylvania	LANG-kih-stər	/ˈlæŋkɪstər/
Lapwai	LAP-wy	/ˈlæpwaɪ/
Latah	LAY-tah	/ˈleɪtɑː/	Also Latah County
Leakey	LAY-kee	/ˈleɪki/
Lebam	lə-BAM	/ləˈbæm/
Lebanon, Pennsylvania	LEB-(ə)n-ən	/ˈlɛbənən/, /ˈlɛbnən/	Also the city in New Hampshire
Leicester, Massachusetts	like Lester	/ˈlɛstər/^{[n 19]}
Leicester, Vermont	LY-stər	/ˈlaɪstər/
Lemhi County	LEM-hy	/ˈlɛmhaɪ/
Lemoore	lə-MOR	/ləˈmɔːr/	Colloquial pronunciation
Lemoore	LEE-mor	/ˈliːmɔːr/	Official pronunciation
Leominster	LEM-in-stər	/ˈlɛmɪnstər/
Levy, South Carolina	LEE-vee	/ˈliːvi/
Lewes	LEW-iss	/ˈljuːɪs/
Lima	LY-mə	/ˈlaɪmə/
Limon, Colorado	LY-mən	/ˈlaɪmən/
Livernois Avenue, Detroit	liv-uurr-NOY	/lɪvʊrˈnɔɪ/
Lodi	LOH-dy	/ˈloʊdaɪ/
Lompoc	LOM-pohk	/ˈlɒmpoʊk/
Los Angeles	loss AN-jəl-əss	/lɒs ˈændʒələs/
Louisville	LOO-iss-vil	/ˈluːɪsvɪl/	Most places besides the one in Kentucky
Louisville, Kentucky	LUV-əl	/ˈlʌvəl/ ^ⓘ
Louisville, Kentucky	LOO-ə-vəl	/ˈluːəvəl/ ^ⓘ
Lowville, New York	LOW-vil	/laʊvɪl/
Mabank	MAY-bank	/ˈmeɪbæŋk/
Makinac Island	MAK-in-aw	/ˈmækɪnɔː/
Madras, Oregon	MAD-rəss	/ˈmædrəs/
Madrid, Alabama	MAD-rid	/ˈmædrɪd/	Name of various places
Malad River	mə-LAD	/məˈlæd/
Malheur River	MAL-hure	/ˈmælhjʊər/
Manchaca, Texas	MAN-shak	/ˈmænʃæk/
Manor, Texas	MAY-nər	/ˈmeɪnər/
Mantua, Utah	MAN-ə-way	/ˈmænəweɪ/
Marathon, Texas	MAIR-ə-thən	/ˈmɛərəθən/
Marquam	MAR-kəm	/ˈmɑːrkəm/
Marquez, Texas	mar-KAY	/mɑːrˈkeɪ/
Marseilles, Illinois	mar-SAYLZ	/mɑːrˈseɪlz/	Also a place in Ohio
Martinez, Georgia	mar-tin-EZ	/mɑːrtɪˈnɛz/
Maryland	MARR-il-ənd	/ˈmærɪlənd/^{[n 20]}
Mattapan	mat-ə-PAN	/mætəˈpæn/
Maury County	MUR-ee	/ˈmɜːri/
Mazatzal Mountains	mat-ə-ZEL	/mætəˈzɛl/
McGaheysville, Virginia	mə-GAK-eez-vil	/məˈɡækizvɪl/
Meagher County, Montana	MAR	/ˈmɑːr/
Mebane, North Carolina	MEB-ən	/ˈmɛbən/
Medina, Ohio	mid-EYE-nə	/mɪˈdaɪnə/	Also places in Washington and New York
Melpomene Street, New Orleans, Louisiana	MEL-pəm-een	/ˈmɛlpəmiːn/
Mentor, Ohio	MEN-(t)ər	/ˈmɛn(t)ər/
Mesa, Washington	MEE-sə	/ˈmiːsə/
Methow	MET-ow	/ˈmɛtaʊ/
Mexia, Texas	mə-HAY-ə	/məˈheɪə/
Miami, Oklahoma	my-AM-ə	/maɪˈæmə/^{[n 21]}	Also a place in Texas
Micanopy	MIK-ə-NOH-pee	/ˌmɪkəˈnoʊpi/
Michigan	MISH-ig-ən	/ˈmɪʃɪɡən/ ^ⓘ
Milan, Illinois	MY-lən	/ˈmaɪlən/	Name of multiple places
Minam, Oregon	MY-nəm	/ˈmaɪnəm/
Minot, North Dakota	MY-not	/ˈmaɪnɒt/
Missouri	miz-UR-ee	/mɪˈzɜːri/
Mobile, Alabama	moh-BEEL	/moʊˈbiːl/
Mogollon Rim	mug-ih-YOHN	/mʌɡɪˈjoʊn/
Monson, Massachusetts	MUN-sən	/ˈmʌnsən/
Montague, Texas	MON-tag	/ˈmɒntæɡ/
Montpelier, Vermont	mont-PEE-lee-ər	/mɒntˈpiːliər/^{[n 22]}	Pronunciation used for the other places with this name
Montpelier, Virginia	mont-pə-LEER	/mɒntpəˈlɪər/
Moscow, Idaho	MOSS-koh	/ˈmɒskoʊ/^{[n 23]}	Also a place in Tennessee
Mount Desert Island	diz-URT	/dɪˈzɜːrt/^{[n 24]}
Munday, Texas	MUN-dee	/ˈmʌndi/
Mulino, Oregon	mə-LYNE-oh	/məˈlaɪnoʊ/
Mukilteo	MUK-əl-TEE-oh	/ˌmʌkəlˈtiːoʊ/
Nacogdoches	NAK-ə-DOH-chiss	/ˌnækəˈdoʊtʃɪs/
Nahant	nə-HAHNT	/nəˈhɑːnt/
Nahma Township	NAY-mə	/ˈneɪmə/
Naselle	nay-SEL	/neɪˈsɛl/
Natchitoches	NAK-ih-təsh	/ˈnækɪtəʃ/
Nederland, Texas	NEE-dər-lənd	/ˈniːdərlənd/
Nehalem	nee-HAY-ləm	/niːˈheɪləm/
Nenana River	nee-NAN-ə	/niːˈnænə/
Neodesha	nee-OH-də-shay	/niːˈoʊdəʃeɪ/
Nespelem	ness-PEE-ləm	/nɛsˈpiːləm/
Netarts	NEE-tarts	/ˈniːtɑːrts/
Nevada (state)	niv-AD-ə	/nɪˈvædə/^{[n 25]}
Nevada (cities)	niv-AY-də	/nɪˈveɪdə/
Nevada County	niv-AY-də	/nɪˈveɪdə/
Newark, Ohio	NURK	/ˈnɜːrk/^{[n 26]}
New Athens	New AY-thənz	/ˈeɪθənz/	Name of multiple places
New Berlin	New BUR-lin	/ˈbɜːrlɪn/	Name of multiple places
New Orleans	new OR-linz	/njuː ˈɔːrlɪnz/^{[n 27]}
New Madrid, Missouri	New MAD-rid	/ˈmædrɪd/
New Prague, Minnesota	New PRAYG	/ˈpreɪɡ/
New Tripoli, Pennsylvania	New trih-POH-lee	/trɪˈpoʊli/
Noel, Missouri	NOHL	/noʊl/
Norfolk, Nebraska	NOR-fork	/ˈnɔːrfɔːrk/
Norfolk, Virginia	NOR-fuuk	/ˈnɔːrfʊk/^{[n 28]}
Ochelata	oh-shə-LAY-tə	/oʊʃəˈleɪtə/
Ochiltree County	OK-əl-tree	/ˈɒkəltriː/
Ojai	OH-hy	/ˈoʊhaɪ/	As per the Spanish
Olathe	oh-LAY-thə	/oʊˈleɪθə/
Ontonagon River	ON-tə-NAH-gən	/ˌɒntəˈnɑːɡən/
Orcas Island	OR-kəss	/ˈɔːrkəs/
Ouray	YOOR-ay	/ˈjʊəreɪ/
Palacios	pə-LASH-əss	/pəˈlæʃəs/
Palermo, North Dakota	PAL-ər-moh	/ˈpælərmoʊ/
Palestine, Texas	PAL-iss-teen	/ˈpælɪstiːn/^{[n 29]}
Palo Gaucho Bayou, Texas	PAH-lee-GAHTCH	/ˈpɑːliˌɡɑːtʃ/
Palouse	pə-LOOSS	/pəˈluːs/
Paso Robles	PASS-ə ROH-bəlz	/ˌpæsə ˈroʊbəlz/
Pass Christian	PASS-kriss-chee-AN	/ˌpæskrɪstʃiˈæn/^{[n 30]}
Patchogue	PATCH-og	/ˈpætʃɒɡ/
Pawtucket	pə-TUK-it	/pəˈtʌkɪt/
Peabody, Massachusetts	PEE-bə-dee	/ˈpiːbədi/^[6]
Pearrygin Lake	PAIR-ij-in	/ˈpɛərɪdʒɪn/
Pedernales	PUR-də-NAL-iss	/ˌpɜːrdəˈnælɪs/
Pend Oreille River	PON-də-RAY	/ˌpɒndəˈreɪ/
Peoria, Iowa	PIRR-ee	/ˈpɪrˌiː/
Peru, Indiana	PEE-roo	/ˈpiːruː/
Picabo	like peek-a-boo	/ˈpiːkəbuː/
Piceance Creek	PEE-a(w)nss	/ˈpiːɔːns, -æns/
Pierre, South Dakota	peer, like ‘pier’	/pɪər/
Pittsburgh	PITS-burg	/ˈpɪtsbɜːrɡ/
Placer County	PLASS-ər	/ˈplæsər/
Placerville	PLASS-ər-vil	/ˈplæsərvɪl/
Plano	PLAY-noh	/ˈpleɪnoʊ/^{[n 31]}
Plymouth	PLIM-əth	/ˈplɪməθ/
Point Mugu	Point mə-GOO	/ˌpɔɪnt məˈɡuː/
Pojoaque	pə-WAH-kee	/pəˈwɑːki/^{[n 32]}
Pompeii, Michigan	POM-pee-eye	/ˈpɒmpiːaɪ/^{[n 33]}
Port Bolivar	Port BOL-iv-ər	/ˈbɒlɪvər/
Port Hueneme	port wy-NEE-mee	/pɔːrt waɪˈniːmi/
Poth	pohth	/poʊθ/
Poughkeepsie	pə-KIP-see	/pəˈkɪpsi/
Poulsbo	PAWLZ-boh, like ‘Paul’s bow’	/ˈpɔːlzboʊ/
Poway	POW-ay	/ˈpaʊ.eɪ/
Prague, Oklahoma	prayg	/preɪɡ/
Puget Sound	PEW-jit	/ˈpjuːdʒɪt/
Pulaski, New York	pə-LASS-ky	/pəˈlæskaɪ/
Purgatoire River	PIK-it-wire	/ˈpɪkɪt.waɪər/
Puyallup, Washington	pew-AWL-əp	/pjuːˈɔːləp/	Local pronunciation
Puyallup, Washington	pew-AL-əp	/pjuːˈæləp/
Quincy, Massachusetts	KWIN-zee	/ˈkwɪnzi/
Quitaque	KIT-ə-kway	/ˈkɪtəkweɪ/
Qulin	KEW-lin	/ˈkjuːlɪn/
Raleigh	RAH-lee	/ˈrɑːli/^{[n 34]}
Refugio, California	rə-FEW-fee-oh, -⁠hee-	/rəˈfjuːfioʊ, -hioʊ/	Name of multiple places
Refugio, Texas	rə-FURE-ee-oh	/rəˈfjʊərioʊ/
Rensselaer	REN-sə-LEER	/ˌrɛnsəˈlɪər/	Name of multiple places
Rhea County	RAY	/reɪ/
Riga, New York	RY-gə	/ˈraɪɡə/
Rio	RY-oh	/ˈraɪoʊ/	In Florida and Wisconsin
Rio Grande, Ohio	RY-oh GRAND	/ˌraɪoʊ ˈɡrænd/
Ronkonkoma	ron-KONG-kə-mə	/rɒnˈkɒŋkəmə/
Ruch	ROOSH	/ruːʃ/
Russia, Ohio	ROOSH-ee	/ˈruːʃi/
Russiaville	ROOSH-ee-vil	/ˈruːʃivɪl/
Rutherfordton, North Carolina	RULF-tən	/ˈrʌlftən/
Saguache, Colorado (town and county)	sə-WAHTCH	/səˈwɑːtʃ/ ^ⓘ
Salide, Colorado	sə-LY-də	/səˈlaɪdə/
Saline, Michigan	sə-LEEN	/səˈliːn/
Samish Island	SAM-ish	/ˈsæmɪʃ/
Sammamish	sə-MAM-ish	/səˈmæmɪʃ/
San Jose, Illinois	san JOHZ	/sæn ˈdʒoʊz/
San Luis Obispo, California	Middle word LOO-iss	/sæn ˌluːɪs əˈbɪspoʊ/
San Pedro, Los Angeles, California	san PEE-droh	/sæn ˈpiːdroʊ/
San Rafael, California	san rə-FEL	/sæn rəˈfɛl/
San Xavier, Arizona	san HAH-vee-ay	/sæn ˈhɑːvieɪ/
Sangre Street, Stillwater, Oklahoma	ZANG-ər	/ˈzæŋər/
Sault Sainte Marie	SOO saynt mə-REE	/ˈsuː seɪnt məˈriː/
Schaghticoke	SKAT-(ih)-kuuk	/ˈskæt(ɪ)kʊk/
Schuylkill River	SKOO-kəl	/ˈskuːkəl/
Scituate	SITCH-oo-it	/ˈsɪtʃuɪt/
Sebring, Florida	SEE-bring	/ˈsiːbrɪŋ/
Sedro-Woolley	SEE-droh WUUL-ee	/ˈsiːdroʊ ˈwʊli/
Sekiu	SEE-kew	/ˈsiːkjuː/
Semiahmoo Bay	sem-ee-AH-moh	/sɛmiˈɑːmoʊ/
Sequim	SKWIM	/ˈskwɪm/
Shawangunk Ridge	SHON-gum	/ˈʃɒnɡʌm/^{[n 35]}
Shawano	SHAWN-oh	/ˈʃɔːnoʊ/
Shoshone, Idaho	shoh-SHOHN	/ʃoʊˈʃoʊn/
Sigourney, Iowa	SIG-ər-nee	/ˈsɪɡərniː/^{[n 36]}
Siuslaw River	sy-YOO-slaw	/saɪˈjuːslɔː/
Skagit	SKAJ-it	/ˈskædʒɪt/	Various places
Skamokawa	skə-MOK-ə-way	/skəˈmɒkəweɪ/
Skaneateles Lake	SKIN-ee-AT-ləss, like ‘skinny atlas’	/ˌskɪniˈætləs/
Sol Duc River	like "Soul Duck River"	/ˈsoʊl dʌk/
Spokane	spoh-KAN	/spoʊˈkæn/
Staunton, Virginia	like Stanton	/ˈstæntən/
Stehekin	stə-HEE-kin	/stəˈhiːkɪn/
Steilacoom	STIL-ə-kum	/ˈstɪləkʌm/
Strait of Juan de Fuca	Strait of HWAHN də FEW-kə	/ˌhwɑːn də ˈfjuːkə/
Study Butte	STEW-dee BEWT	/ˈstjuːdi ˈbjuːt/
Suisun City	siss-OON	/sɪˈsuːn/
Swarthmore	SWAHTH-mor	/ˈswɑːθmɔːr/
Swansea	SWAHN-zee	/ˈswɑːnzi/
Tahawus	tə-HAWZ	/təˈhɔːz/
Taliaferro County	TOL-iv-ər	/ˈtɒlɪvər/
Tallmadge, Ohio	TAL-mij	/ˈtælmɪdʒ/
Tanana River	TAN-ə-nah	/ˈtænənɑː/
Tchoupitoulas Street, New Orleans	CHOP-ih-TOO-ləss	/ˌtʃɒpɪˈtuːləs/
Tekoa, Washington	TEE-koh	/ˈtiːkoʊ/
Telocaset	TEL-ə-KASS-it	/ˌtɛləˈkæsɪt/
Terre Haute	TERR-ə HOHT, HUT	/ˌtɛrə ˈhoʊt, -ˈhʌt/
Tewksbury	TUUKS-bə-ree	/ˈtʊksbəri/
Thames River, Connecticut	THAYMZ, not TEMZ	/ˈθeɪmz/, not /tɛmz/
The Dalles	The DALZ	/ˈdælz/
Thibodaux	TIB-ə-doh	/ˈtɪbədoʊ/
Thoreau, New Mexico	thə-ROO	/θəˈru/
Throop	TROOP, like ‘troop’	/ˈtruːp/
Tieton	TY-ə-tən	/ˈtaɪ.ətən/
Tigard	TY-gərd	/ˈtaɪɡərd/
Tillamook	TIL-əm-ik	/ˈtɪləmʌk/
Tillamook	TIL-əm-uuk	/ˈtɪləmʊk/
Tok	TOHK	/toʊk/
Tooele	too-IL-ə	/tuˈɪlə/
Topsail Beach	TOP-səl Beach	/ˈtɒpsəl/
Topsham	TOP-səm	/ˈtɒpsəm/
Touchet River	TOO-shee	/ˈtuːʃi/
Tow, Texas	TOW	/taʊ/
Towaoc, Colorado	TOY-awk	/tɔɪɔːk/ ^ⓘ
Towson	TOW-sən	/taʊsən/
Tripoli, Iowa	trip-OH-lə	/trɪˈpoʊlə/
Tualatin	too-AH-lə-tin	/tuˈɑːlətɪn/
Tucson	TOO-son	/ˈtuːsɒn/
Tulare	tuul-AIR-(ee)	/tʊˈlɛər(i)/
Tuolumne River	too-OL-əm-ee	/tuˈɒləmi/
Tygh Valley	TY, like ‘tie’	/taɪ/
Uhland	YOO-lənd	/ˈjuːlənd/
Utley, Texas	YOOT-lee	/ˈjuːtli/
Valatie	və-LAY-shə	/vəˈleɪʃə/
Valdez, Alaska	val-DEEZ	/vælˈdiːz/
Vallejo	və-LAY-(h)oh	/vəˈleɪ(h)oʊ/
Vedauwoo, Wyoming	VEE-də-voo	/ˈviːdəvuː/
Veneta	vin-EE-tə	/vɪˈniːtə/
Venetie	VEEN-it-eye	/ˈviːnɪtaɪ/
Verdi	VUR-dy	/ˈvɜːrdaɪ/
Vergennes	vər-JENZ	/vərˈdʒɛnz/
Versailles	vur-SAYLZ	/vɜːrˈseɪlz/	Various places
Vici	VY-sy	/ˈvaɪsaɪ/
Vienna	vy-AN-ə	/vaɪˈænə/	In Illinois, Ohio, and South Dakota
Visalia	vy-SAY-lee-ə	/vaɪˈseɪliə/
Waelder	like welder	/ˈwɛldər/
Wahkiakum County	wə-KY-ə-kəm	/wəˈkaɪ.əkəm/
Wallowa Mountains	wə-LOW-ə	/wəˈlaʊə/
Waltham	WAWL-tham	/ˈwɔːlθæm/^{[n 37]}
Waukesha	WAW-kish-aw	/ˈwɔːkɪʃɔː/
Waupun	WAW-pawn	/ˈwɔːpɔːn/
Waxahachie	WOK-sə-HATCH-ee	/ˌwɒksəˈhætʃi/
Waynoka	wə-NOH-kə	/wəˈnoʊkə/
Wayzata	wy-ZET-ə	/waɪˈzɛtə/
Weippe	WEE-ype	/ˈwiːaɪp/
Weiser	WEEZ-ər	/ˈwiːzər/
Whitemarsh Island	WHIT-marsh	/ˈhwɪtmɑːrʃ/
Wilkes-Barre	BARR-ə	/ˈbærə/
	like Barry	/ˈbæri/
	BARR	/ˈbær/
Willamette River	wil-AM-it	/wɪˈlæmɪt/
Willapa River	WIL-ə-pah	/ˈwɪləpɑː/
Woburn	WOO-bərn	/ˈwuːbərn/^{[n 38]}
Wooster	WUUSS-tər	/ˈwʊstər/^{[n 39]}
Worcester	WUUSS-tər	/ˈwʊstər/^{[n 40]}	Various places
Wyandanch	WY-ən-dantch	/ˈwaɪənˌdæntʃ/
Wytheville, Virginia		/wɪθvɪl/
Yakima	YAK-ə-mah	/ˈjækəmɑː/^{[n 41]}
Yachats	YAH-hahts	/ˈjɑːhɑːts/
Yaquina Bay	yə-KWIN-ə	/jəˈkwɪnə/
Yocona River	YOK-nee	/ˈjɒkni/
Youghiogheny River	YAW-kə-GAY-nee	/ˌjɔːkəˈɡeɪni/
Ypsilanti	IP-sil-AN-tee	/ˌɪpsɪˈlænti/
Yreka	wy-REE-kə	/waɪˈriːkə/
Zabcikville	ZAHB-chik-vil	/ˈzɑːbtʃɪkvɪl/
Zuehl, Texas	ZEEL	/ziːl/
Zzyzx, California	ZY-ziks	/ˈzaɪzɪks/

Notes[edit]

^ The "s" sound generally merges with the same sound in "City."
^ In contradistinction to the surname, by convention, these rhyme with "Oliver"
^ The town of Calais in France was for centuries also pronounced /ˈkælɪs/ in English; today /ˈkæleɪ/ KAL-ay, with initial stress in British English and final stress in American English are the normal pronunciations.
^ ^a ^b Cf the surnames Du Bois and De Bois, which are often /-ˈbwɑː/
^ cf. English low-lying point (without a middle syllable).
^ Eau Claire, Wisconsin is pronounced more closely to the French pronunciation: /oʊˈklɛər/ (oh-KLAIR)
^ cf. intuitive Borough of Ephrata, Pennsylvania, which is pronounced /ˈɛfrətə/ EF-rə-tə
^ cf. intuitive/ˈɡælvɪstən/ GAL-viss-tən for larger Galveston, Texas
^ As per traditional English town, county and nursery rhyme
^ Beginning defies traditional English rules (cf. green) But Greenwich, New Jersey is pronounced as if it were "green-witch" [1]
^ cf. intuitive /ˈhɑːrlɪŋən/ HAR-ling-ən for Harlingen, Netherlands
^ Intuitively /ˈhaɪndmən/ HYND-mən is sometimes used outside Eastern Kentucky
^ Named via Sam Houston after Houston, Scotland, a concatenation of "Hu's town"'
^ The last syllable is standard in the British pronunciation of hurricane, but not in American English, whereas the first syllable is counterintuitive and muted compared to hurricane in either.
^ Anecdotally, locals of Hurricane say that the proper pronunciation rhymes with that of the neighboring town La Verkin.
^ cf. various Waco towns
^ locally
^ with two syllables only
^ As per English town and county
^ Uncommon, rare, or dialectal pronunciation
^ cf. the obvious final syllable of Miami, Florida
^ All derived from Montpellier, France [mɔ̃pɛlje]
^ equivalent to the British English pronunciation of Moscow, Russia. Other Moscows in America are /ˈmɒskaʊ/ MOSS-kow, the American English pronunciation of the Russian city.
^ Homophone to the dining course, dessert
^ The pronunciation /nɪˈvɑːdə/ niv-AH-də, while fairly common (particularly in the eastern United States), is stigmatized locally.
^ cf. Newark, New Jersey /ˈnuːərk/ NOO-ərk, and Newark, Delaware or Newark, New York /ˈnuːɑːrk/ NOO-ark generally
^ Traditionally locally /ˈnwɔːrlɪnz/ NWOR-linz with a very light /w/ is used, i.e. between the local and national.
^ Identical to the English county of Norfolk, and intuitive given the common word folk. Popular navy wordplay notwithstanding, the vowel in the last syllable is unstressed, very short, and closed, as in foot. Locals born in or after the last half of the 20th Century, who have partly or wholly adopted the American Broadcast Accent, often pronounce it /ˈnɔːrfɪk/ NOR-fik with the r substituted for /ɻ/
^ cf. Palestine: /ˈpælɪstaɪn/ PAL-iss-tyne
^ cf. the regular American pronunciation of "Christian", /ˈkrɪstʃən/ KRISS-chən
^ cf. common and well-known Spanish approximations elsewhere.
^ Or intuitively per Spanish among Hispanics
^ Italian ruined city pronounced /pɒmˈpeɪ/ pom-PAY)
^ cf. Raleigh surname and brands traditionally said like Wall
^ Locally.
^ cf. given name Sigourney: /sɪˈɡɔːrniː/
^ Same as examples in England such as London Borough of Waltham Forest. cf. greatly US well-known comparators.
^ Woburn, Bedfordshire and Woburn, Toronto are simply /ˈwoʊbərn/ WOH-bərn
^ Mispronounced as /ˈwuːstər/
^ As per traditional English town, county and sauce
^ Though the pronunciation /ˈjækəmə/ YAK-əm-ə is also heard. The Native American people for whom the river, city, and county are named now prefer the spelling Yakama.

References[edit]

^ "Arkansas". Dictionary.com.
^ "Bethlehem, Bethlum or Bethleum -- there's no one way to pronounce it". March 25, 2013.
^ "Pumpkin Rollers in No Man's Land". Car And Driver. May 2002. Archived from the original on December 3, 2005.
^ Though indeed named after the country Chili, now Chile Town of chili.org
^ "The evolution of Demonbreun Street". The Tennessean. Retrieved May 5, 2017.
^ Not intuitive /piːˈbɒdi/ pee-BOD-eegroup= n

State of Michigan, Department of Labor and Economic Opportunity. "Pronunciation Guide - 'You Say it How in Michigan?' for Michigan Names and Places". www.michigan.gov. Archived from the original on February 1, 2019. Retrieved August 7, 2023.
"A Pronunciation Guide to Places in Ohio". E. W. Scripps School of Journalism. Archived from the original on July 25, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2020.

[4] The "s" sound generally merges with the same sound in "City."

[5] In contradistinction to the surname, by convention, these rhyme with "Oliver"

[6] The town of Calais in France was for centuries also pronounced /ˈkælɪs/ in English; today /ˈkæleɪ/ KAL-ay, with initial stress in British English and final stress in American English are the normal pronunciations.

[DuBois-9] Cf the surnames Du Bois and De Bois, which are often /-ˈbwɑː/

[10] . English low-lying point (without a middle syllable).

[11] Eau Claire, Wisconsin is pronounced more closely to the French pronunciation: /oʊˈklɛər/ (oh-KLAIR)

[12] . intuitive Borough of Ephrata, Pennsylvania, which is pronounced /ˈɛfrətə/ EF-rə-tə

[13] . intuitive/ˈɡælvɪstən/ GAL-viss-tən for larger Galveston, Texas

[14] As per traditional English town, county and nursery rhyme

[15] Beginning defies traditional English rules (cf. green) But Greenwich, New Jersey is pronounced as if it were "green-witch" [1]

[16] . intuitive /ˈhɑːrlɪŋən/ HAR-ling-ən for Harlingen, Netherlands

[17] Intuitively /ˈhaɪndmən/ HYND-mən is sometimes used outside Eastern Kentucky

[18] Named via Sam Houston after Houston, Scotland, a concatenation of "Hu's town"'

[19] The last syllable is standard in the British pronunciation of hurricane, but not in American English, whereas the first syllable is counterintuitive and muted compared to hurricane in either.

[20] Anecdotally, locals of Hurricane say that the proper pronunciation rhymes with that of the neighboring town La Verkin.

[21] . various Waco towns

[22] y

[23] with two syllables only

[24] As per English town and county

[25] Uncommon, rare, or dialectal pronunciation

[26] . the obvious final syllable of Miami, Florida

[27] All derived from Montpellier, France [mɔ̃pɛlje]

[28] quivalent to the British English pronunciation of Moscow, Russia. Other Moscows in America are /ˈmɒskaʊ/ MOSS-kow, the American English pronunciation of the Russian city.

[29] Homophone to the dining course, dessert

[30] The pronunciation /nɪˈvɑːdə/ niv-AH-də, while fairly common (particularly in the eastern United States), is stigmatized locally.

[31] . Newark, New Jersey /ˈnuːərk/ NOO-ərk, and Newark, Delaware or Newark, New York /ˈnuːɑːrk/ NOO-ark generally

[32] Traditionally locally /ˈnwɔːrlɪnz/ NWOR-linz with a very light /w/ is used, i.e. between the local and national.

[33] Identical to the English county of Norfolk, and intuitive given the common word folk. Popular navy wordplay notwithstanding, the vowel in the last syllable is unstressed, very short, and closed, as in foot. Locals born in or after the last half of the 20th Century, who have partly or wholly adopted the American Broadcast Accent, often pronounce it /ˈnɔːrfɪk/ NOR-fik with the r substituted for /ɻ/

[34] . Palestine: /ˈpælɪstaɪn/ PAL-iss-tyne

[35] . the regular American pronunciation of "Christian", /ˈkrɪstʃən/ KRISS-chən

[37] . common and well-known Spanish approximations elsewhere.

[38] Or intuitively per Spanish among Hispanics

[39] Italian ruined city pronounced /pɒmˈpeɪ/ pom-PAY)

[40] . Raleigh surname and brands traditionally said like Wall

[41] Locally.

[42] . given name Sigourney: /sɪˈɡɔːrniː/

[43] Same as examples in England such as London Borough of Waltham Forest. cf. greatly US well-known comparators.

[44] Woburn, Bedfordshire and Woburn, Toronto are simply /ˈwoʊbərn/ WOH-bərn

[45] Mispronounced as /ˈwuːstər/

[46] As per traditional English town, county and sauce

[47] Though the pronunciation /ˈjækəmə/ YAK-əm-ə is also heard. The Native American people for whom the river, city, and county are named now prefer the spelling Yakama.

[1] "Arkansas". Dictionary.com.

[2] "Bethlehem, Bethlum or Bethleum -- there's no one way to pronounce it". March 25, 2013.

[3] "Pumpkin Rollers in No Man's Land". Car And Driver. May 2002. Archived from the original on December 3, 2005.

[7] Though indeed named after the country Chili, now Chile Town of chili.org

[8] "The evolution of Demonbreun Street". The Tennessean. Retrieved May 5, 2017.

[36] Not intuitive /piːˈbɒdi/ pee-BOD-eegroup= n

[1]

[2]

[3]

[n 1]

[n 2]

[n 3]

[4]

[5]

[n 4]

[n 5]

[n 6]

[n 7]

[n 8]

[n 9]

[n 10]

[n 11]

[n 12]

[n 13]

[n 14]

[n 15]

[n 16]

[n 17]

[n 18]

[n 19]

[n 20]

[n 21]

[n 22]

[n 23]

[n 24]

[n 25]

[n 26]

[n 27]

[n 28]

[n 29]

[n 30]

[6]

[n 31]

[n 32]

[n 33]

[n 34]

[n 35]

[n 36]

[n 37]

[n 38]

[n 39]

[n 40]

[n 41]