Bothriembryon
| Bothriembryon | |
|---|---|
_-_Bothriembryontidae_-_Mollusc_shell.jpeg)
| |
| Bothriembryon dux shell | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Heterobranchia |
| Order: | Stylommatophora |
| Superfamily: | Orthalicoidea |
| Family: | Bothriembryontidae |
| Subfamily: | Bothriembryontinae |
| Genus: | Bothriembryon Pilsbry, 1894[1] |
| Diversity[2] | |
| 43 species, 36 extant species, | |
| Synonyms[3] | |
| |
Bothriembryon is a genus of tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Bothriembryontidae.[4]
B. J. Smith (1992)[5] made the last review of the genus summarizing all known data.[6]
Distribution[edit]
The land snail genus Bothriembryon is endemic to Australia but forms part of the Gondwanan element in the superfamily Orthalicoidea.[6] Bothriembryon species are mostly patchy in their distribution.[6]
Fossils of Bothriembryon have been found on the Nullarbor Plain in southern Australia, dating to the late Pliocene.[7]
Taxonomy[edit]
This genus was classified with the Bulimulidae by Pilsbry (1900),[8] Breure (1979)[9] and by B. J. Smith (1992).[5][6]
It was classified in tribe Bulimulini, in subfamily Bulimulinae within the family Orthalicidae according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005.[10]
Breure et al. (2010)[11] moved Bothriembryon to Placostylidae.[11]
Breure & Romero (2012)[4] confirmed previous results from 2010 and they renamed Placostylidae to Bothriembryontidae.[4]
Species[edit]
Species within the genus Bothriembryon include:
- Bothriembryon angasianus (Pfeiffer, 1864)[6]
- Bothriembryon balteolus Iredale, 1939[6]
- Bothriembryon barretti Iredale, 1930[6]
- Bothriembryon bradshaweri Iredale, 1939[6]
- Bothriembryon brazieri (Angas, 1871)[6]
- Bothriembryon bulla (Menke, 1843)[6]
- † Bothriembryon consors Kendrick, 1978[6]
- Bothriembryon costulatus (Lamarck, 1822)[6]
- † Bothriembryon douglasi Kendrick, 1978[6]
- Bothriembryon dux (Pfeiffer, 1861)[6]
- Bothriembryon esperantia Iredale, 1939[6]
- Bothriembryon fuscus Thiele, 1930[6]
- † Bothriembryon gardneri Kendrick, 1978[6]
- Bothriembryon glauerti Iredale, 1939[6]
- † Bothriembryon gunnii (Sowerby II in Strzelecki, 1845)[6]
- Bothriembryon indutus (Menke, 1843)[6]
- Bothriembryon irvineanus Iredale, 1939[6]
- Bothriembryon jacksoni Iredale, 1939[6]
- Bothriembryon kendricki Hill, Johnson & Merrifield, 1983[6]
- Bothriembryon kingii (J. E. Gray, 1825)[6]
- † Bothriembryon kremnobates Kendrick, 2005[6]
- Bothriembryon leeuwinensis (E. A. Smith, 1894)[6]
- Bothriembryon mastersi (Cox, 1867)[6]
- Bothriembryon melo (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)[6] - synonym: Bothriembryon inflatus castaneus Pilsbry 1900[6]
- Bothriembryon naturalistarum Kobelt, 1901[6]
- Bothriembryon notatus Iredale, 1939[6]
- Bothriembryon onslowi (Cox, 1864)[6]
- Bothriembryon perditus Iredale, 1939[6]
- Bothriembryon perobesus Iredale, 1939[6]
- Bothriembryon pilkiensis Ryan et al., 2024[12]
- Bothriembryon praecelcus Iredale, 1939[6]
- † Bothriembryon praecursor McMichael, 1968[6]
- Bothriembryon revectus Iredale, 1939[6]
- Bothriembryon rhodostomus (J. E. Gray, 1834)[6]
- Bothriembryon richeanus Iredale, 1939[6]
- † Bothriembryon ridei Kendrick, 1978[6]
- Bothriembryon sayi (Pfeiffer, 1847)[6]
- Bothriembryon sedgwicki Iredale, 1939[6]
- Bothriembryon serpentinus Iredale, 1939[6]
- Bothriembryon sophiarum Whisson & Breure, 2016[2]
- Bothriembryon spenceri (Tate, 1894)[6]
- Bothriembryon tasmanicus (Pfeiffer, 1853)[6]
- Bothriembryon whitleyi Iredale, 1939[6]
- Bothriembryon gratwicki Cox, 1899 - the taxonomic status of this species status is unclear[6]
References[edit]
This article incorporates CC-BY-3.0 text from the reference[6]
- ^ Pilsbry H. A. (1894). The Nautilus 8: 36.
- ^ a b Whisson C. S. & Breure A. S. H. (2016). "A new species of Bothriembryon (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Bothriembryontidae) from south-eastern Western Australia". ZooKeys 581: 127-140. doi:10.3897/zookeys.581.8044.
- ^ MolluscaBase (2018). Helicina. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=994701 on 2018-02-22
- ^ a b c Breure A. S. H. & Romero P. (2012). "Support and surprises: molecular phylogeny of the land snail superfamily Orthalicoidea using a three-locus gene analysis with a divergence time analysis and ancestral area reconstruction (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)". Archiv für Molluskenkunde: International Journal of Malacology 141(1): 1-20. doi:10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/141/001-020.
- ^ a b Smith B. J. (1992) "Non-marine Mollusca". In: Houston W. W. K. (Ed). Zoological Catalogue of Australia, 8. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, xii + 405 pp.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av Breure A. S. H. & Whisson C. S. (2012) "Annotated type catalogue of Bothriembryon (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Orthalicoidea) in Australian museums, with a compilation of types in other museums". ZooKyes 194: 41-80. doi:10.3897/zookeys.194.2721.
- ^ Ryan, Helen E.; Travouillon, Kenny J.; Milne, Lynne A.; Martin, Sarah K.; Thorn, Kailah M.; Whisson, Corey S. (2024-04-10). "A new Bothriembryon from the Nullarbor Plain, Western Australia, with insights on the age of Bothriembryon praecursor from Kangaroo Well, Northern Territory". Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology: 1–16. doi:10.1080/03115518.2024.2323472. ISSN 0311-5518.
- ^
Pilsbry H. A. (1900). Manual of Conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species. Second series: Pulmonata. Volume 13. Australasian Bulimulidae: Bothriembryon, Placostylus. Helicidae: Amphidromus. 253 pp., 72 plates.
- ^ Breure A.S. H. (1979) "Systematics, phylogeny and zoogeography of Bulimulinae (Mollusca)". Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden 168: 1-215.
- ^ Bouchet, Philippe; Rocroi, Jean-Pierre; Frýda, Jiri; Hausdorf, Bernard; Ponder, Winston; Valdés, Ángel & Warén, Anders (2005). "Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families". Malacologia. 47 (1–2). Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks: 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. ISSN 0076-2997.
- ^ a b Breure A. S. H., Groenenberg D. S. J. & Schilthuizen M. (2010). "New insights in the phylogenetic relations within the Orthalicoidea (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora) based on 28S sequence data". Basteria 74(1-3): 25-31.
- ^ Ryan, Helen E.; Travouillon, Kenny J.; Milne, Lynne A.; Martin, Sarah K.; Thorn, Kailah M.; Whisson, Corey S. (2024-04-10). "A new Bothriembryon from the Nullarbor Plain, Western Australia, with insights on the age of Bothriembryon praecursor from Kangaroo Well, Northern Territory". Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology: 1–16. doi:10.1080/03115518.2024.2323472. ISSN 0311-5518.
External links[edit]
Media related to Bothriembryon at Wikimedia Commons
