1932 Nobel Prize in Literature
 1932 Nobel Prize in Literature | |
|---|---|
| John Galsworthy | |
 "for his distinguished art of narration which takes its highest form in The Forsyte Saga." | |
| Date |
|
| Location | Stockholm, Sweden |
| Presented by | Swedish Academy |
| First awarded | 1901 |
| Website | Official website |
The 1932 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the British author John Galsworthy (1867–1933) "for his distinguished art of narration which takes its highest form in The Forsyte Saga".[1] When Galworthy was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, only the second English author to receive the award since its inception in 1901.[a]
Laureate[edit]
John Galsworthy is best known for the novel sequence The Forsyte Saga which chronicles the lives of three generations of a large, upper-middle-class family at the turn of the 19th/20th century. Galsworthy was also a successful playwright who examined controversial ethical or social problems in plays such as Strife (1909), Justice (1910) and Loyalties (1922).[2][3]
The Forsyte Saga[edit]
The first book in this extensive series was published in 1906. The upper middle classes and Galsworthy's own upbringing were harshly criticized in The Man of Property. Galsworthy did not start working on it right away; he had to wait fifteen years, during which the First World War broke out, before he started again with In Chancery (1920) and To Let (1921). He had penned a sizable quantity of plays, short stories, and novels in the interim. The three volumes of A Modern Comedy, The White Monkey (1924), The Silver Spoon (1926), Swan Song (1928), and its two interludes, A Silent Wooing and Passersby (1927), carried on the Forsyte Saga. These should be supplemented with a collection of short stories called On Forsyte Change (1930).[2] Of Galsworthy's 20 novels, nine are about the Forsytes (the last three tangentially so) and the other eleven are all one-off stories.
Nominations[edit]
John Galsworthy was nominated six times (1919–1922, 1931 and 1932) before he was awarded the prize in 1932. His first nomination came from Erik Axel Karlfeldt (1864–1931), the permanent secretary of the Swedish Academy. Others were from the persistent recommendation by other academy members such as Anders Österling, Martin Lamm, and Henrik Schück.[4]
In total, the Nobel Committee received 48 nominations for 31 writers which included Ramón Menéndez Pidal, Ivan Bunin (awarded in 1933), Frans Eemil Sillanpää (awarded in 1939), Johannes V. Jensen (awarded in 1944), Paul Valéry, Kostis Palamas, Olav Duun, and H.G. Wells. Nine of the nominees were newly nominated namely Percival Elgood, Michael Blümelhuber, Grigol Robakidze, Axel Munthe, Francesco Orestano, Karel Čapek, Vilhelm Ekelund, Manuel Gálvez and Upton Sinclair. The Spanish author Concha Espina de la Serna was the only female nominee.[5]
The authors Christopher Brennan, Mona Caird, Charles W. Chesnutt, Hart Crane, Evelyn Everett-Green, J. Meade Falkner, Kenneth Grahame, Ella Hepworth Dixon, Augusta Gregory, Jonas Mačiulis (known as Maironis), Gustav Meyrink, Harold Monro, Iacob Negruzzi, Giuseppe Peano, Sibylle Riqueti de Mirabeau (known as Gyp), Ahmed Shawqi, Frederick Jackson Turner, Edgar Wallace, Henry S. Whitehead and Emma Wolf died in 1932 without having been nominated for the prize.
| No. | Nominee | Country | Genre(s) | Nominator(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Michael Blümelhuber (1865–1936) |  Austria
|
essays, poetry | Oswald Redlich (1858–1944) |
| 2 | Johan Bojer (1872–1959) |  Norway
|
novel, drama | Anders Sandvig (1862–1950) |
| 3 | Georg Bonne (1859–1945) |  Germany
|
essays |
|
| 4 | Olaf Bull (1883–1933) | Norway
|
poetry |
|
| 5 | Ivan Bunin (1870–1953) |  Soviet Union
|
short story, novel, poetry |
|
| 6 | Karel Čapek (1890–1938) |  Czechoslovakia
|
drama, novel, short story, essays, literary criticism | 10 professors of the University in Prague |
| 7 | Hans Driesch (1867–1941) | Germany
|
philosophy |
|
| 8 | Olav Duun (1876–1939) | Norway
|
novel, short story |
|
| 9 | Vilhelm Ekelund (1880–1949) |  Sweden
|
poetry, essays | Alexander Seippel (1851–1938) |
| 10 | Percival Elgood (1863–1941) |  United Kingdom Egypt
|
history | Arthur James Grant (1862–1948) |
| 11 | Paul Ernst (1866–1933) | Germany
|
novel, short story, drama, essays | Fredrik Böök (1883–1961) |
| 12 | Concha Espina de la Serna (1869–1955) |  Spain
|
novel, short story |
|
| 13 | John Galsworthy (1867–1933) | United Kingdom
|
novel, drama, essays, short story, memoir | Henrik Schück (1855–1947) |
| 14 | Manuel Gálvez (1882–1962) |  Argentina
|
novel, poetry, drama, essays, history, biography |
|
| 15 | Bertel Gripenberg (1878–1947) |  Finland Sweden
|
poetry, drama, essays | Arno Cederberg (1885–1948)[b] |
| 16 | Johannes Vilhelm Jensen (1873–1950) |  Denmark
|
novel, short story, poetry |
|
| 17 | Johannes Jørgensen (1866–1956) | Denmark
|
novel, poetry, biography | Viggo Brøndal (1887–1942) |
| 18 | Rudolf Kassner (1873–1959) | Austria
|
philosophy, essays, translation | Several professors[c] |
| 19 | Ramón Menéndez Pidal (1869–1968) | Spain
|
philology, history |
|
| 20 | Dmitry Merezhkovsky (1865–1941) | Soviet Union
|
novel, essays, poetry, drama | Sigurd Agrell (1881–1937) |
| 21 | Axel Munthe (1857–1949) | Sweden France
|
memoir, essays | Rolf Lagerborg (1874–1959) |
| 22 | Francesco Orestano (1873–1945) |  Italy
|
philosophy, essays | Pietro Bonfante (1864–1932) |
| 23 | Kostis Palamas (1859–1943) |  Greece
|
poetry, essays | Simos Menardos (1871–1933) |
| 24 | Grigol Robakidze (1880–1962) |  Georgia
|
novel, short story, poetry, drama | Richard Meckelein (1880–1948) |
| 25 | Edwin Arlington Robinson (1869–1935) |  United States
|
poetry, drama | Hjalmar Hammarskjöld (1862–1953) |
| 26 | Ivan Shmelyov (1873–1950) | Soviet Union France
|
novel, short story | Nicolaas van Wijk (1880–1941) |
| 27 | Frans Eemil Sillanpää (1888–1964) | Finland
|
novel, short story, poetry |
|
| 28 | Upton Sinclair (1878–1968) | United States
|
novel, short story, drama, autobiography, essays |
|
| 29 | Paul Valéry (1871–1945) | France
|
poetry, philosophy, essays, drama |
|
| 30 | Herbert George Wells (1866–1946) | United Kingdom
|
novel, short story, essays, history, biography |  Sinclair Lewis (1885–1951)
|
| 31 | Anton Wildgans (1881–1932) | Austria
|
poetry, drama |
|
Reactions[edit]
The choice of John Galsworthy caused a group of young Swedish authors to protest against the Swedish Academy's conservatism by sending a telegram to the Russian author Maxim Gorky, regretting that he hade not been awarded the prize.[6]
Notes[edit]
- ^ The first English author to receive the prize was Rudyard Kipling, in 1907. Between the two awards, the prize had gone to three non-English authors who wrote in English: W. B. Yeats (1923), Bernard Shaw (1925), and Sinclair Lewis (1930); Rabindranath Tagore (1913) also sometimes wrote in English.
- ^ a b Frans Eemil Sillanpää and Bertel Gripenberg were nominated together by Arno R. Cederberg, though the nominations have different entry numbers.
- ^ Rudolf Kassner was nominated by a number of German, Austrian and Swiss professors, most of whom were eligible to nominate a candidate.
- ^ 800 nominations from all over the world were collected and sent together, by Ernest S. Greene (1864–1936), secretary of a committee in New York, United States. Among the nominators were members of the French and Spanish Academies, and professors (eligible to nominate) from several universities.
- ^ Several were members of the French Academy (Académie Française), and Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres.
Award ceremony speech[edit]
In his award ceremony speech on 10 December 1932, Anders Österling of the Swedish Academy praised the Forsyte Saga as "a masterpiece of an energetic, firm, and independent account of human nature", noting that the two trilogies "together form an unusual literary accomplishment. The novelist has carried the history of his time through three generations, and his success in mastering so excellently his enormously difficult material, both in its scope and in its depth, remains an extremely memorable feat in English literature"[7]
References[edit]
- ^ "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1932". nobelprize.org.
- ^ a b "John Galsworthy". britannica.com.
- ^ "John Galsworthy – Facts". nobelprize.org.
- ^ "Nomination archive - John Galsworthy". nobelprize.org.
- ^ "Nomination archive – Literature 1932". nobelprize.org.
- ^ Gustav Källstrand Andens Olympiska Spel. Nobelprisets historia Fri Tanke 2021, p. 451
- ^ "Award ceremony speech". nobelprize.org.