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List of events
Events from the year 1930 in the United States .
Incumbents [ edit ] January–March [ edit ] January 6
The first diesel engine automobile trip is completed (Indianapolis , Indiana, to New York City).
The first literary character licensing agreement is signed by English author A. A. Milne , granting Stephen Slesinger U.S. and Canadian merchandising rights to the Winnie-the-Pooh works.
January 13 – The Mickey Mouse comic strip[1]
January 19–23 – Watsonville riots : violent assaults on Filipino American farm workers by white residents in California.[2]
February 18
Elm Farm Ollie becomes the first cow to fly in an airplane , and also the first cow to be milked in an airplane.While studying photographs taken in January, Clyde Tombaugh confirms the existence of Pluto , a heavenly body considered a planet until 2006, when officially redefined as a dwarf planet .
March 6 – The first frozen foods of Clarence Birdseye go on sale in Springfield, Massachusetts .
March 17 – The Empire State Building begins construction in New York City .
March 20 – Colonel Sanders opens the first Kentucky Fried Chicken in North Corbin, Kentucky .
March 31 – The Motion Pictures Production Code is instituted, imposing strict guidelines on the treatment of sex, crime, religion and violence in motion pictures for the next 40 years. April–June [ edit ] May 20: Chrysler Building completed April 3 – The 2nd Academy Awards , hosted by William C. DeMille , are presented at the Ambassador Hotel (Los Angeles) , with Harry Beaumont 's The Broadway Melody Academy Award for Best Picture . Irving Cummings and Raoul Walsh 's In Old Arizona Ernst Lubitsch 's The Patriot
April 6 – Jimmy Dewar invents Hostess Twinkies (snack cakes ).[3]
April 19 – Warner Bros. in the United States release their first cartoon series, called Looney Tunes 1969 .
April 21 – A fire in the Ohio Penitentiary near Columbus kills 320 people.[4]
April 22 – The United States, United Kingdom and Japan sign the London Naval Treaty regulating submarine warfare and limiting shipbuilding .
April 28 – The first night game in organized baseball history takes place in Independence, Kansas .
May 10 – The National Pan-Hellenic Council is founded in Washington, D.C.
May 14 – Carlsbad Caverns National Park is established in New Mexico .
May 15 – Ellen Church becomes the first airline stewardess , aboard a Boeing tri-motor flying from Oakland, California , to Chicago, Illinois .
May 20 – The Chrysler Building is completed in New York City, becoming the world's first man-made structure taller than 1,000 feet (305 m).
May 30
June 9 – Chicago Tribune Jake Lingle is shot in Chicago . Newspapers promise $55,000 reward for information. Lingle is later found to have had contacts with organized crime .
June 14 – An act of Congress establishes the Federal Bureau of Narcotics as a replacement for the Narcotics Division of the Prohibition Unit.
June 17 – U.S. President Herbert Hoover signs the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act into law. July–September [ edit ] October–December [ edit ] October 8 - The Philadelphia Athletics defeat the St. Louis Cardinals , 4 games to 2, to win their 5th World Series Title.
November 4 – W9XAP in Chicago, Illinois , broadcasts the U.S. senatorial election returns, the first time a senatorial race, with non-stop vote tallies, is televised.
November 5 – The 3rd Academy Awards , hosted by Conrad Nagel , are presented at the Ambassador Hotel (Los Angeles) . Lewis Milestone 's All Quiet on the Western Front Academy Award for Best Picture , with Milestone winning Best Director . The film and George Hill 's The Big House Ernst Lubitsch 's The Love Parade
November 15 – Jean Harlow has her first major film role, in Howard Hughes ' epic war film Hell's Angels
December 2 – Great Depression : U.S. President Herbert Hoover goes before Congress and asks for a US$150 million public works program to help generate jobs and stimulate the economy .
December 7 – W1XAV in Boston, Massachusetts , broadcasts video from the CBS radio orchestra program, The Fox Trappers . The broadcast also includes the first television commercial in the United States, an advertisement for I. J. Fox Furriers, who sponsored the radio show. Undated [ edit ] A Jamaican ginger ("Jake") paralysis outbreak occurs across the South and Midwest.
1930–1931 – Crazy Horse ’s lifelong friend, He Dog , is interviewed by journalist Eleanor Hinman and Nebraska writer Mari Sandoz .
A record drought in the eastern part of the nation[5] Upper Tract , West Virginia record only 9.50 inches (241.3 mm) of precipitation for the year – the record lowest for a calendar year in the US east of the Mississippi.[6] [7] Ongoing [ edit ] January [ edit ] Robert Loggia Tippi Hedren Buzz Aldrin Gene Hackman January 1 – Ty Hardin , actor (d. 2017 )January 2
January 3
January 4
January 5
January 6
January 7
January 8
January 10 – Roy E. Disney , film and television executive (d. 2009 )January 12 – Glenn Yarbrough , singer (d. 2016 )[12] January 13 – Frances Sternhagen , actressJanuary 14 – C. Arlen Beam , judgeJanuary 15
January 16 – Mary Ann McMorrow , judge (d. 2013 )[13] January 17
January 18 – James M. Bobbitt , chemist and professorJanuary 19 – Tippi Hedren , actressJanuary 20 – Buzz Aldrin , astronaut, Lunar Module Pilot on Apollo 11 and second person to walk on the MoonJanuary 22 – David Rosen , businessmanJanuary 23
January 24
January 25 – Ruth Kligman , artist (d. 2010 )[15] January 26 – Thomas Gumbleton , Roman Catholic prelate (d. 2024 )[16] January 27 – Bobby Bland , African-American singer (d. 2013 )January 28
January 30
January 31 – Al De Lory , record producer, arranger, musician (d. 2012 )February [ edit ] Robert Wagner Joanne Woodward Leon Cooper February 2
February 3 – David Edward Foley , Roman Catholic prelate (d. 2018 )February 4 – Jim Loscutoff , basketball player (d. 2015 )[18] February 5 – Don Goldie , American jazz trumpeter (d. 1995 )February 7 – Jack Biddle , politician d. 2022 )[19] February 8
February 10
February 11 – James Polshek , American architect (d. 2022 )[20] February 12
February 13 – Frank Buxton , American actor, television writer, director and author (d. 2018)February 14 – Bernie Papy Jr. , American politician (d. 1995 )February 15
February 16
February 17 – Roger Craig , American baseball player, coach and manager (d. 2023 )February 18 – Pauline Bart , American sociologist (d. 2021 )[21] February 19 – John Frankenheimer , American film director (d. 2002 )February 22
February 24
February 25
February 26 – Robert Francis , American actor (d. 1955 )February 27
February 28 – Leon Cooper , American physicist, Nobel Prize laureateJames Irwin Steve McQueen March 2
March 5 – Del Crandall , baseball player and manager (d. 2021 )March 6 – Allison Hayes , actress (d. 1977 )[24] March 9 – Ornette Coleman , jazz saxophonist (d. 2015 )March 16
March 17 – James Irwin , astronaut (d. 1991 )March 18 – Adam Maida , Roman Catholic prelateMarch 19
March 21 – James Coco , American actor (d. 1987 )March 22
March 24 – Steve McQueen , American actor (d. 1980 )March 25
March 26 – Sandra Day O'Connor , American politician, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d. 2023 )[28] March 27 – James Tayoun , American politician (d. 2017 )March 28
March 30 – John Astin , actorMarch 31 – Susan Weil , artist[30] Dick Sargent Carolyn Jones Mike Gravel Harvey Milk Clint Eastwood May 1
May 3
May 4
May 5
May 6
May 7 – Babe Parilli , American football player (d. 2017 )May 8 – Gary Snyder , poet, essayist and translator[38] May 10
May 11
May 12 – Tom Umphlett , baseball player and manager (d. 2012 )May 13 – Mike Gravel , politician (d. 2021 )May 15
May 16 – Carolyn Conwell , actress (d. 2012 )May 18 – Don L. Lind , naval aviator, astronaut and scientist (d. 2022 )[39] May 19 – Lorraine Hansberry , African-American playwright (d. 1965 )[40] May 22
May 23 – Charles Kelman , ophthalmologist (d. 2004 )May 27
May 28 – Frank Drake , radio astronomer, pioneer in SETI (d. 2022 )May 29 – Gerry Lenfest , lawyer, media executive and philanthropist (d. 2018)May 30
Pete Conrad Jim Nabors Ross Perot June 1
June 2
June 3 – Marion Zimmer Bradley , writer (d. 1999 )[45] June 4 – Morgana King , jazz singer and actress (d. 2018 )June 8 – Richard Paul Matsch , federal judge (d. 2019 )June 10 – Grace Mirabella , editor of Vogue 2021 )[46] June 11 – Charles B. Rangel , African-American politicianJune 12
June 14 – Charles McCarry , novelist (d. 2019 )[47] June 16 – Thyrsa Frazier Svager , African American mathematician and academic (d. 1999 )June 17 – Shatzi Weisberger , activist (d. 2022 )[48] June 19
June 21 – John E. McCarthy , Roman Catholic bishop (d. 2018 )June 22
June 23 – Ben Speer , singer, musician, music publisher and record company executive (d. 2017 )June 24
June 25 – James Sedin , ice hockey playerJune 26 – Jackie Fargo , wrestler, trainer (d. 2013 )June 27 – Ross Perot , computer billionaire, politician (d. 2019 )[50] June 28 – Maureen Howard , writer, editor and lecturer (d. 2022 )June 29
June 30
Theodore Edgar McCarrick Jerry Vale Polly Bergen Paul Taylor July 1
July 2
July 3 – Ronnell Bright , jazz pianist(d. 2021)July 4
July 5
July 7
July 8
July 9
July 10 – Pete Carril , basketball coachJuly 11
July 13 – Dick Bunt , basketball playerJuly 14 – Polly Bergen , American actress (d. 2014 )July 15 – Betty Wagoner , American baseball player (d. 2006 )July 16
July 18 – Sammy Masters , singer-songwriter (d. 2013 )July 20 – Ronnie MacGilvray , American basketball player (d. 2007 )July 23 – Moon Landrieu , lawyer and politician, Mayor of New Orleans (d. 2022 )[55] July 24 – Jacqueline Brookes , actress (d. 2013 )[56] July 25 – Mitzi Shore , comedy club owner (d. 2018 )[57] July 29 – Paul Taylor , choreographer (d. 2018 )July 30
Neil Armstrong Robert Culp August 2
August 5
August 6 – Abbey Lincoln , singer (d. 2010 )August 8 – Joan Mondale , socialite, Second Lady of the United States (d. 2014 )August 10 – Fakir Musafar , performance artist, body modification pioneer (d. 2018 )August 13
August 14
August 15 – Selma James , American-born feminist writerAugust 16
August 21 – Frank Perry , stage director and filmmaker (d. 1995 )August 23 – Mickey McMahan , big band musician (d. 2008 )August 28 – Ben Gazzara , actor (d. 2012 )[60] August 30
August 31 – Raymond J. Donovan , businessman and politician, Secretary of Labor (d. 2021 )September [ edit ] Ray Charles John Young September 2 – Rita Riggs , costume designer (d. 2017 )September 4 – Norman Dorsen , civil rights activist (d. 2017 )[62] September 7 – Sonny Rollins , African-American jazz saxophonistSeptember 9 – Frank Lucas , African-American drug trafficker (d. 2019 )[63] September 11 – Cathryn Damon , actress (d. 1987 )September 13
September 16 – Anne Francis , actress (d. 2011 )September 17
September 23 – Ray Charles , African-American singer, musician and actor (d. 2004 )September 24 – John Young , American astronaut (d. 2018 )September 25 – Shel Silverstein , American poet, singer-songwriter, cartoonist, screenwriter and children's book author (d. 1999 )[65] September 26 – Philip Bosco , American actor (d. 2018 )September 28
September 29 – Billy Strange , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2012 )[66] October [ edit ] The Big Bopper Michael Collins November [ edit ] Mildred Dresselhaus Ed White November 3
November 4 – Dick MacPherson , American football coach (d. 2017 )November 6
November 7 – Rudy Boschwitz , politicianNovember 11 – Mildred Dresselhaus , scientist, educator (d. 2017 )November 12 – Bob Crewe , singer-songwriter, manager and producer (d. 2014 )November 13
November 14 – Ed White , astronaut (d. 1967 )[72] November 16 – Paul Foytack , baseball player (d. 2021 )November 17 – Bob Mathias , athlete (d. 2006 )November 20 – Curly Putman , songwriter (d. 2016 )November 21 – Anthony Downs , economist (d. 2021 )[73] November 22 – Owen Garriott , astronaut (d. 2019 )November 23
November 24 – Bob Friend , baseball player (d. 2019 )November 25 – Clarke Scholes , freestyle swimmer (d. 2010 )November 30 – G. Gordon Liddy , organizer of the Watergate burglaries (d. 2021 )December [ edit ] Odetta William Howard Taft January 9 – Edward Bok , editor (b. 1863 in the Netherlands)[77] January 13 – John Nathan Cobb , author, naturalist, conservationist, fisheries researcher, and educator (b. 1868 )[78] January 24 – Rebecca Latimer Felton , U.S. Senator from Georgia (b. 1835 )
February 7 – Jennie Anderson Froiseth , women's rights campaigner (b. 1849 )
February 14 – Fred Dubois , U.S. Senator from Idaho (b. 1851 )
February 27 – George Haven Putnam , author and publisher (b. 1844 )
March 8 – William Howard Taft , 27th president of the United States from 1909 to 1913 and 10th chief justice of the United States from 1921 to 1930 (b. 1857 )
March 11 – Alma Webster Hall Powell , opera singer, suffragist and inventor (b. 1869 )
March 13 – Mary Eleanor Wilkins Freeman , author (b. 1852 )[79] March 31 – James Marshall Head , politician and businessman (b. 1855 )
April 7 – Octaviano Ambrosio Larrazolo , politician (b. 1859 )
April 14 – John B. Sheridan , sports journalist (b. 1870 in Ireland )[80]
April 16 – Linda Richards , nurse (b. 1841 )[81] May 2 – Daniel V. Asay , iceboat racer (b. 1847 )
May 18 – Gottfried Blocklinger , admiral (b. 1847 )
May – Anna Margaret Urbas , criminal associate (murdered; b. 1905/06)
June 16 – Ezra Fitch , businessman, co-founder of Abercrombie & Fitch (b. 1865 )
July 2 – Anders Randolf , silent film actor (b. 1870 in Denmark )
August 6 – Luigi Fugazy , banker, businessman and philanthropist (b. 1839 in Italy)
September 5
September 21 – John T. Dorrance , chemist (b. 1873 )
September 24 – William A. MacCorkle , lawyer, Governor of West Virginia (b. 1857 )
September 28 – Daniel Guggenheim , mining magnate and philanthropist (b. 1856 )
September 30 – Albert W. Grant , admiral (b. 1856 )October 2 – Gordon Stewart Northcott , serial killer (executed; b. 1906 )
October 15 – Herbert Henry Dow , industrial chemist (b. 1866 in Canada )
November 20 – William B. Hanna , sportswriter (b. 1866 )[82]
December 9 – Rube Foster , Negro league baseball player (b. 1879 )
December 14 – F. Richard Jones , director (b. 1893 )
December 16 – Herman Lamm , bank robber (suicide; b. 1890 in Germany ) See also [ edit ] References [ edit ]
^ Robert Heide; John Gilman (25 February 2002). Disneyana: Classic Collectibles 1928-1958 ISBN 978-0-7868-5376-2 ^ De Witt, Howard A. (1979). "The Watsonville Anti-Filipino Riot of 1930: A Case Study of the Great Depression and Ethnic Conflict in California". Southern California Quarterly . 61 (3): 290. ^ Aaseng, Nathan (2005). Business Builders In Sweets and Treats ISBN 1-881508-84-6 ^ Hunter, Bob (2012). A Historical Guidebook to Old Columbus: Finding the Past in the Present in Ohio's Capital City Ohio University Press . p. 133. ISBN 978-0821420126 OCLC 886535510 .^ Henry, Alfred J. (December 1930). "The Weather of 1930 in the United States" . Monthly Weather Review : 351–354. doi :10.1175/1520-0493(1930)58<351:TGDOIT>2.0.CO;2 ^ "Record Minimum Annual Precipitation by State" (PDF) . 1.ncdc.noaa.gov . Retrieved 2 May 2023 .^ "Climate at a Glance: Contiguous US Precipitation July to June" . National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration .^ "The long legacy of the U.S. occupation of Haiti" . Washington Post . Retrieved 19 August 2022 .^ "Volstead Act | History, Definition, & Significance | Britannica" . www.britannica.com . Retrieved 15 August 2022 .^ Schudel, Jeff (August 9, 2013). "Don Shula at 80: From Harvey to Hall" . The News-Herald . Archived from the original on November 3, 2013. Retrieved November 2, 2013 . ^ Lee Ellis (2004). Who's who of NASA Astronauts ISBN 978-0-9667961-4-8 ^ Thanki, Juli (August 12, 2016). "Singer Glenn Yarbrough dies at 86" . The Tennessean ^ Illinois Blue Book ^ John Romita Sr obituary ^ Blume, Lesley. "The Canvas and the Triangle" . Vanity Fair . Retrieved 19 September 2017 . ^ Retired Bishop Thomas Gumbleton of Detroit dies at 94 ^ "Ruth M. Kirk (1930-2011)" . Maryland Manual Online . Retrieved 18 May 2020 .^ Robert W. Cohen (1 August 2017). 40 Greatest Players in Boston Celtics Basketball History ISBN 978-1-60893-626-7 ^ 32-year former state legislator Jack Biddle dies in Gardendale ^ Risen, Clay (10 September 2022). "James Stewart Polshek, Quiet Giant of Modern Architecture, Dies at 92" . The New York Times . Retrieved 2 May 2023 . ^ Green, Penelope (30 October 2021). "Pauline Bart, 91, Sociologist Who Mapped Women's Challenges, Dies" . The New York Times . Retrieved 2 May 2023 . ^ Caryn Hannan (1 January 1999). Georgia Biographical Dictionary ISBN 978-1-878592-42-2 ^ Tracy Chevalier (12 October 2012). Encyclopedia of the Essay ISBN 978-1-135-31410-1 ^ Paul Donnelley (2000). Fade to Black: A Book of Movie Obituaries ISBN 978-0-7119-7984-0 ^ Roberts, Zachary (9 April 2023). "Hobie Landrith cause of death: New York Mets legend passes away at 93" . Sportskeeda.com . Retrieved 2 May 2023 . ^ "Richard Wald, former NBC News president and ABC News executive, dies at 92" . NBC News . 13 May 2022. Retrieved 2 May 2023 .^ Russell Sherman, Poetic Interpreter at the Piano, Is Dead at 93 ^ Ex-Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor dies aged 93 ^ Neil Butterworth (2 October 2013). Dictionary of American Classical Composers ISBN 978-1-136-79024-9 ^ John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation (1977). Reports of the President and the Treasurer - John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation ^ "Grace Lee Whitney" . HeraldScotland . 6 May 2015. Retrieved 22 October 2022 .^ Marion Elizabeth Cullen (May 1970). Memorable days in music ISBN 9780810802933 ^ Robert W. Cohen (1 October 2015). The 50 Greatest Players in Detroit Tigers History ISBN 978-1-63076-100-4 ^ "Anton LaVey | Biography, Books, & Facts" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 16 January 2021 .^ Montague, Zach (15 June 2021). "William vanden Heuvel, Diplomat and a Kennedy Confidant, Dies at 91" . The New York Times . Retrieved 2 May 2023 . ^ Pergament, Alan (29 April 2010). "Happy 80th Birthday, Irv" . The Buffalo News . Archived from the original on 5 June 2010. Retrieved 29 July 2010 . ^ Barnes, Mike (December 21, 2018). "Ethel Ayler, Actress in 'Eve's Bayou' and 'The Cosby Show,' Dies at 88" . The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on 6 August 2019. Retrieved 6 August 2019 . ^ Paul Varner (2012). Historical Dictionary of the Beat Movement ISBN 978-0-8108-7189-2 ^ "Don Lind, Latter-day Saint astronaut, scientist, pilot, dies at age 92" . Church News . 2 September 2022. Retrieved 2 May 2023 .^ Henry Louis Gates Jr.; Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham (29 April 2004). African American Lives ISBN 978-0-19-988286-1 ^ Chuck Stewart (2003). Gay and Lesbian Issues: A Reference Handbook ISBN 978-1-85109-372-4 ^ Jay Parini (2004). The Oxford Encyclopedia of American Literature ISBN 978-0-19-515653-9 ^ Charles Leinberger (1 September 2004). Ennio Morricone's The Good, the Bad and the Ugly: A Film Score Guide ISBN 978-1-4616-5841-2 ^ "In Memoriam: Morton L. Janklow '53, Preeminent Literary Agent" . Law.columbia.edu . Retrieved 2 May 2023 .^ Jack Adrian (30 September 1999). "Obituary: Marion Zimmer Bradley" The Independent . Archived from the original on 2022-05-01. Retrieved 22 May 2020 . ^ Charles Moritz (1992). Current Biography Yearbook ISBN 978-0-8242-0128-9 ^ Carlson, Michael (2019-03-05). "Charles McCarry obituary" . The Guardian . Retrieved 2019-03-19 . ^ "Tributes pour in for Jewish American anti-Zionist activist Shatzi Weisberger" . Middle East Eye . Retrieved 2 May 2023 .^ Kurt F. Stone (29 December 2010). The Jews of Capitol Hill: A Compendium of Jewish Congressional Members ISBN 978-0-8108-7738-2 ^ Jackson, Harold (July 9, 2019). "Ross Perot obituary" . The Guardian . Retrieved July 10, 2019 . ^ Barnes, Brooks. "Robert Evans, Hollywood producer of The Godfather, dies aged 89" . The Irish Times . Retrieved 2019-10-29 . ^ Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham; Henry Louis Gates, eds. (2008). The African American National Biography: Roman-Tzomes . Oxford University Press. p. 366. ^ Vitacco-Robles, Gary (2014-11-11). Icon: The Life, Times and Films of Marilyn Monroe Volume 2 1956 TO 1962 & Beyond ^ Smith, Dinitia (October 14, 2019). "Harold Bloom, Critic Who Championed Western Canon, Dies at 89" . The New York Times . ISSN 0362-4331 . Retrieved October 14, 2019 . ^ Yardley, William (5 September 2022). "Moon Landrieu, 92, Dies; New Orleans Mayor Championed Integration" . The New York Times . Retrieved 2 May 2023 . ^ "Teacher, actress Jacqueline Brookes passes away at 82" . Broadway World . May 2, 2013. Retrieved May 28, 2020 .^ "Mitzi Shore, founder of the Comedy Store – obituary" The Telegraph . 3 May 2018. Archived from the original on January 12, 2022. Retrieved 28 May 2020 .^ Ted Patterson (1999). Day by Day in Orioles History ISBN 978-1-58261-017-7 ^ Steve Gietschier (November 1999). Chase's 2000 Sports Calendar of Events: The Day by Day Directory to Local, Regional and National Sporting Events and Recreational Activities of All Kinds ISBN 978-0-8092-2600-9 ^ Daniel Blum's Theatre World ^ Jessie Carney Smith (1992). Notable Black American Women ISBN 978-0-8103-9177-2 ^ Norman Dorsen, Tenacious Civil Rights Advocate, Dies at 86 , nytimes.com; accessed July 2, 2017.^ Frank Lucas (9 February 2012). Original Gangster: My Life as NYC's Biggest Baddest Drugs Baron ISBN 978-1-4481-1629-4 ^ Newsweek ^ S. Ward (2001). Meet Shel Silverstein ISBN 978-0-8239-5709-5 ^ Lewis, Randy (February 24, 2012). "Billy Strange dies at 81; guitarist, arranger for Presley, Nancy Sinatra" . Los Angeles Times ^ Faith Ringgold obituary ^ Preview Film Album: Hollywood-London ^ Leila Seth (2008). On Balance: An Autobiography ISBN 978-0-14-310139-0 ^ "Mable John obituary" . the Guardian . 2 September 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2022 .^ Paul Finkelman (2009). Encyclopedia of African American History: 5-Volume Set ISBN 978-0-19-516779-5 ^ "Edward H. White II | American astronaut" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 19 January 2021 .^ "ANTHONY DOWNS Obituary (1930 - 2021) - Bethesda, MD - The Washington Post" . Legacy.com . Retrieved 2 May 2023 .^ "Jack McKeon Managerial Record" . Baseball-Reference.com . Retrieved 2020-01-18 .^ "Sheila Benson, former Times film critic, dies at 91" . Los Angeles Times . 28 February 2022. Retrieved 2 May 2023 .^ "Peter Buck obituary" . Thetimes.co.uk . Retrieved 2 May 2023 .^ Hans Krabbendam; Johannes Leendert Krabbendam (2001). The Model Man: A Life of Edward William Bok, 1863-1930 ISBN 90-420-1495-4 ^ Dunn, J. R. (2005). "John Nathan Cobb (1868-1930): Founding director of the College of Fisheries, University of Washington, Seattle". Mar. Fish. Rev . 65 (3): 1–24. ^ Fishinger, Sondra. "Mary E. Wilkins Freeman, 1852–1930", in Past and Promise: Lives of New Jersey Women . Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1997: 139. ISBN 0-8156-0418-1
^ George Seldes (1940). Witch Hunt: The Technique and Profits of Redbaiting ^ David Shavit (1990). The United States in Asia: A Historical Dictionary ISBN 978-0-313-26788-8 ^ "William B. Hanna, New York Sports Writer, Who Had a Long Career, Dies" . The New York Times . Retrieved 2 May 2023 .
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