User:Abyssal/Portal:Permian

The Permian Portal Introduction Selected article on the Permian world and its legacies Modern tunicates. A tunicate is a marine invertebrate animal, a member of the subphylum Tunicata which is part of the Chordata, a phylum which includes all animals with dorsal nerve cords and notochords. Some tunicates live as solitary individuals but others replicate by budding and become colonies, each unit being known as a zooid. They are marine filter feeders with a water-filled, sac-like body structure and two tubular openings, known as siphons, through which they draw in and expel water. During their respiration and feeding they take in water through the incurrent (or inhalant) siphon and expel the filtered water through the excurrent (or exhalant) siphon. Most adult tunicates are sessile and are permanently attached to rocks or other hard surfaces on the ocean floor; others such as salps, doliolids and pyrosomes swim in the pelagic zone of the sea as adults. Various species are commonly known as sea squirts, sea pork, sea liver or sea tulips. The Tunicata first appear in the fossil record in the early Cambrian period. Despite their simple appearance and very different adult form, their close relationship to the vertebrates is shown by the fact that during their mobile larval stage, they possess a notochord or stiffening rod and resemble a tadpole. Their name derives from their unique outer covering or "tunic" which is formed from proteins and carbohydrates and acts as an exoskeleton. In some species it is thin, translucent and gelatinous while in others it is thick, tough and stiff. (see more...) Did you know? Methanosarcina barkeri fusaro. ... that the single-celled Methanosarcina (Methanosarcina barkeri fusaro pictured) may have played a significant role in both the evolution of early life and the worst extinction event in history? ... that Gerobatrachus is considered to be a missing link that supports the hypothesis offered by cladistics, that frogs and salamanders had a common ancestor? ... that Arthropleuridea is an extinct class of myriapods which includes, at over 2 meters long, the largest terrestrial arthropods that ever lived? Need help? Do you have a question about Abyssal/Portal:Permian that you can't find the answer to? Consider asking it at the Wikipedia reference desk. Selected image Life restoration of Seymouria. Photo credit: Nobu Tamura Selected article on the Permian in human science, culture and economics Edward Drinker Cope (left) and Othniel Charles Marsh (right). Bone Sharps, Cowboys, and Thunder Lizards: A Tale of Edward Drinker Cope, Othniel Charles Marsh, and the Gilded Age of Paleontology (2005) is a graphic novel written by Jim Ottaviani and illustrated by the company Big Time Attic. The book tells a slightly fictionalized account of the Bone Wars, a period of intense excavation, speculation, and rivalry which led to a greater understanding of dinosaurs in the western United States. This novel is the first semi-fictional work written by Ottaviani; previously, he had taken no creative license with the characters he depicted, portraying them strictly according to historical sources. Bone Sharps follows the two scientists Edward Drinker Cope and Othniel Marsh as they engage in an intense rivalry for prestige. Ottaviani has Cope and Marsh interact and meet many important figures of the Gilded Age, from P. T. Barnum to U.S. Grant, as the two scientists pursue their hotheaded and sometimes illegal acquisitions of fossils. Unlike in his previous books, "the scientists are the bad guys this time". Upon release, the novel received praise from critics for its exceptional historical content, although some reviewers wished more fiction had been woven into the story. (see more...) Geochronology Epochs - Cisuralian - Guadalupian - Lopingian Ages - Asselian - Sakmarian - Artinskian - Kungurian - Roadian - Wordian - Capitanian -Wuchiapingian - Changhsingian Events - Hunter-Bowen orogeny - Permian–Triassic extinction event Geography - Pangaea - Panthalassa Animals - Ammonoids - Blattopterans - Dicynodonts - Dinocephalians - Fusulinids - Gorgonopsians - Lepospondyls - Pareiasaurs - Pelycosaurs - Temnospondyls - Trilobites Plants - Conifers - Cycads - Ginkgos - Seed ferns Stratigraphic units - Red Beds of Texas and Oklahoma Researchers - Edward Drinker Cope Culture - Animal Armageddon - The Day The Earth Nearly Died - List of creatures in the Walking with... series - Walking with Monsters Subcategories Permian Permian Africa Permian Antarctica Permian Asia Permian Europe Permian North America Permian Oceania Permian South America Permian geochronology Permian events Permian geology Permian life Permian paleogeography Permian stubs Quality Content Featured Permian articles - Amphibian Good Permian articles - Dimetrodon - Temnospondyli Things you can do Here are some tasks awaiting attention: Stubs : Permian stubs Current Permian FACs - none currently Related content Time Earth sciences Paleontology Extinct and Endangered Species Paleozoic Cambrian Ordovician Silurian Devonian Carboniferous Permian Mesozoic Associated Wikimedia The following Wikimedia Foundation sister projects provide more on this subject: Commons Free media repository Wikibooks Free textbooks and manuals Wikidata Free knowledge base Wikinews Free-content news Wikiquote Collection of quotations Wikisource Free-content library Wikiversity Free learning tools Wiktionary Dictionary and thesaurus ¤ Category:Geologic time portals