User:Mr. Ibrahem/Social anxiety disorder
| Social anxiety disorder | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Social phobia[1] |
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| Facial expression of someone with anxiety | |
| Specialty | Psychiatry |
| Symptoms | Excessive fear or anxiety in social situations due to the possibility of being judged[2][1] |
| Complications | Depression, substance misuse, suicide[2] |
| Usual onset | 8 to 15 years old[1] |
| Duration | Long term[1] |
| Types | Performance only[1] |
| Risk factors | Genetic and environmental factors[1] |
| Differential diagnosis | Shyness, agoraphobia, panic disorder, selective mutism, autism spectrum disorder[1] |
| Treatment | Cognitive behavioral therapy, antidepressants, benzodiazapines, beta blockers[2] |
| Frequency | 7% per year (USA)[1][3] |
Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is characterized by excessive fear or anxiety in social situations due to the possibility of being negatively judged by others.[2][1] Other symptoms may include speaking quietly and a low degree of eye contact.[2] Symptoms are to a degree that they impair functioning or significant distress occurs.[1] Complications may include depression, substance misuse, and thoughts of suicide.[2]
The cause involves a combination of genetic and environmental factors.[1] Those with affected family members are 2 to 6 times more likely to be affected.[1] Parenting that is overly controlling may be a risk.[2] It is a type of anxiety disorder.[1] Diagnosis requires ruling out other possible mental or physical disorders and for problems to persist for at least six month.[1] It is categorized as "performance only" if it only occurs during such events.[1]
Initial treatment is generally cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), which may be done individually or in a group setting.[4] In those who decline CBT, medications in the SSRI class may be used.[4] Other medications may include beta blockers and benzodiazepines.[2] Without treatment, it may result in a decreased quality of life.[2]
About 7% of people are affected in a given year in the United States.[1][3] It is less common in other areas of the world, with rates of 2.3% in Europe.[1] Women are more commonly affected than men.[1] The typical age of onset is 8 to 15 years old.[1] The condition was first distinguished from agoraphobia in 1966.[2]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth ed.). American Psychiatric Association. 2013. pp. 202-208. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.156852. ISBN 978-0-89042-555-8.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|1=(help) - ^ a b c d e f g h i j Rose, GM; Tadi, P (January 2020). "Social Anxiety Disorder". PMID 32310350.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ a b "NIMH » Social Anxiety Disorder". www.nimh.nih.gov. Archived from the original on 22 January 2018. Retrieved 11 January 2021.
- ^ a b Pilling, S; Mayo-Wilson, E; Mavranezouli, I; Kew, K; Taylor, C; Clark, DM; Guideline Development, Group (May 22, 2013). "Recognition, assessment and treatment of social anxiety disorder: summary of NICE guidance" (PDF). BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.). 346: f2541. doi:10.1136/bmj.f2541. PMID 23697669. S2CID 13776769. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 24, 2021. Retrieved January 3, 2021.