User:Mr. Ibrahem/Pattern hair loss
| Pattern hair loss | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Androgenic alopecia, androgenetic alopecia, male pattern baldness, female androgenic alopecia, female pattern baldness[1] |
 | |
| Male-pattern hair loss shown on the vertex of the scalp | |
| Specialty | Dermatology, plastic surgery |
| Usual onset | After puberty[2] |
| Risk factors | Family history[2] |
| Diagnostic method | Based on symptoms and examination[2] |
| Differential diagnosis | Alopecia areata, anagen effluvium, telogen effluvium, syphilis[2] |
| Treatment | Acceptance, medications, hair transplant surgery[3] |
| Medication | Minoxidil, finasteride, dutasteride, spironolactone[3][2] |
| Prognosis | Not serious[2] |
| Frequency | By age 50: half (males), 25% (females)[3] |
Pattern hair loss, also known as androgenetic alopecia, is a type of hair loss that is gradual in onset and occurs in a characteristic pattern.[2] Onset is after puberty.[2] In males the top and front of the scalp is initially involved.[2] In females it typically presents as thinning of the hair.[3] While it is associated with heart disease and prostate cancer, the condition itself is not serious.[2]
Male pattern hair loss is believed to be due to a combination of genetics and the male hormone dihydrotestosterone.[3] The cause in female pattern hair loss remains unclear.[3] A son, of an affected father, has a five fold increased risk of the condition.[2] Multiple genes are involved.[2] In women the condition is often first noticed one to six months after a significant stressor.[2]
Management may include simply accepting the condition.[3] Otherwise, treatments may include minoxidil, finasteride, dutasteride, or hair transplant surgery.[3] These medications can take six months for an effect.[2] In women spironolactone may be used.[2] Use of finasteride and dutasteride in women is not well-studied, and it may result in birth defects if taken during pregnancy.[3]
Pattern hair loss by the age of 50 affects about half of males and a quarter of females.[3] Up to 80% of males over the age of 70 may be affected.[2] The condition becomes more common after menopause.[2] White people are more commonly affected than people of color.[2]
References[edit]
- ^ "Androgenetic alopecia: MedlinePlus Genetics". medlineplus.gov. Archived from the original on 9 November 2020. Retrieved 6 November 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Ho, Chin H.; Sood, Tanuj; Zito, Patrick M. (2020). "Androgenetic Alopecia". StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. PMID 28613674. Archived from the original on 2021-08-28. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Vary JC, Jr (November 2015). "Selected Disorders of Skin Appendages--Acne, Alopecia, Hyperhidrosis". The Medical Clinics of North America (Review). 99 (6): 1195–1211. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2015.07.003. PMID 26476248.