User:Axe30
Hello![1] I am a student at McGill University.
SECTION MOVED TO SANDBOX***[edit]
Plan for the Laryngeal Papillomatosis article[edit]
For the Laryngeal papillomatosis page, I want to improve the signs and symptoms section and add a prognosis section.
If needed, I want to include information about the Derkay staging system[2] and I want to search about secondary deficits (for example the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis[3]). I also want to search the literature to provide reliable sources[4].
Signs and symptoms (working draft)[edit]
Affection of the larynx results in changes in voice quality. More specifically, hoarseness is observed. [5][6]As a consequence of the narrowing of the laryngeal or tracheal parts of the airway, dyspnea (i.e shortness of breath), chronic cough and stridor (i.e. noisy breathing which can sound like a whistle or a snore), are noticed.[5][6] As the disease progress, occurrence of secondary symptoms such as dysphagia, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress, failure to trive and recurrent upper respiratory infections can be diagnosed.[5][6]
Adults[edit]
In adults, the most commonly reported symptoms of laryngeal papillomatosis is hoarseness. [2]
or a strained or breathy voice. Size and placement of the tumors dictate the change in the person's voice. Breathing difficulties may occur but more commonly are found in children.[medical citation needed]
Children[edit]
Symptoms appear in a delayed trend in children.[6][5]
In babies and small children, the signs and symptoms include a weak cry, trouble swallowing, noisy breathing, and chronic cough. Noisy breathing may be a stridor, which can sound like a whistle or a snore, and is a sign that the laryngeal or tracheal parts of the airway are narrowing.[medical citation needed]
Prognosis (working draft)[edit]
The evolution of Laryngeal Papillomatosis is highly unpredictable and is characterized by modulation of it's severity and variable rate of progression across individuals.[2][7][6] While instances of total recovery are observed[7], the condition is often persistent and lesions can reappear even when treated.[2][8] Factors that might affect the clinical course of the condition include : the HPV genotype, the age at onset, the elapsed time between the diagnostic and first treatment in addition to previous medical procedures.[3][7][9] Other factors, albeit controversial, such as smoking or the presence gastroesophageal reflux might also play a role in the progression of the disease.[10][3]
The papillomas can travel past the larynx and infect extralaryngeal sites.[6] In more agressive cases, infection of the lungs can occur with progressive airway obstruction.[6][5] Although rare (less than 1% of people with Laryngeal Papillomatosis), transformation from a benign form to a malignant form is also observed.[6][5] Death can result from these complications (morbidity rate is around 1-2%).[6]
- ^ "McGill University".
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|dead-url=(help) - ^ a b c d Kupfer, Robbi A.; Çadalli Tatar, Emel; Barry, Jonnae O.; Allen, Clint T.; Merati, Albert L. (April 2016). "Anatomic Derkay Score Is Associated with Voice Handicap in Laryngeal Papillomatosis in Adults". Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery: Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. 154 (4): 689–692. doi:10.1177/0194599816628871. ISSN 1097-6817. PMID 26908550.
- ^ a b c San Giorgi, Michel R. M.; Helder, Herman M.; Lindeman, Robbert-Jan S.; de Bock, Geertruida H.; Dikkers, Frederik G. (October 2016). "The association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: A systematic review". The Laryngoscope. 126 (10): 2330–2339. doi:10.1002/lary.25898. ISSN 1531-4995. PMID 27113025.
- ^ Fakhy, C., & D'Souza, G. (2015). HPV and Head and Neck Cancers. New Dehli: Springer.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b c d e f Venkatesan, Naren N.; Pine, Harold S.; Underbrink, Michael P. (June 2012). "Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis". Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America. 45 (3): 671–694, viii–ix. doi:10.1016/j.otc.2012.03.006. ISSN 1557-8259. PMC 3682415. PMID 22588043.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link) - ^ a b c d e f g h i Diseases of the central airways : a clinical guide. Mehta, Atul C.,, Jain, Prasoon,, Gildea, Thomas R.,. [New York]. ISBN 9783319298283. OCLC 945577007.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ a b c WHO Classification of Head and Neck Tumours (4th Edition). Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer. 2017. pp. 93–95. ISBN 978-9283224389.
- ^ Drejet, Sarah; Halum, Stacey; Brigger, Matthew; Skopelja, Elaine; Parker, Noah P. (March 2017). "A Systematic Review". Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery: Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. 156 (3): 435–441. doi:10.1177/0194599816683384. ISSN 1097-6817. PMID 28072562.
- ^ Fortes, Helena Ribeiro; Ranke, Felipe Mussi von; Escuissato, Dante Luiz; Neto, Cesar Augusto Araujo; Zanetti, Gláucia; Hochhegger, Bruno; Souza, Carolina Althoff; Marchiori, Edson. "Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: A state-of-the-art review". Respiratory Medicine. 126: 116–121. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2017.03.030.
- ^ Taliercio, Sal; Cespedes, Michelle; Born, Hayley; Ruiz, Ryan; Roof, Scott; Amin, Milan R.; Branski, Ryan C. (January 2015). "Adult-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: a review of disease pathogenesis and implications for patient counseling". JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery. 141 (1): 78–83. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2014.2826. ISSN 2168-619X. PMID 25393901.