Pierre Charneau

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Pierre Charneau /ʃɑːrˈnoʊ/ is a French virologist, inventor, and head of the Molecular Virology and Vaccinology Unit (VMV) at the Pasteur Institute and an acknowledged specialist in HIV, lentiviral gene transfer vectors, and their medical applications. His discovery of the central DNA-flap structure[1] in the HIV genome, and its role in viral entry into the nucleus of the infected cell, grounded the optimization of lentiviral vectors and allowed for more than 20 years of development in gene therapy and vaccines based on this gene delivery technology. Charneau has published more than 100 research articles and holds 25 patents in the field of HIV and lentiviral vectors.

Education[edit]

Charneau studied at the Pierre and Marie Curie University (UPMC) in Paris from which he holds a research doctorate in Molecular and Cellular Biology (1995).[2] After a short time in undergraduate research at the Curie Institute, he pursued his Ph.D. thesis in Luc Montagnier’s Viral Oncology Lab at the Pasteur Institute[3][4] on reverse transcription, nuclear import, and mitosis-independent integration of HIV genome.

Career and research[edit]

Charneau's research led to the discovery and characterization of the central DNA flap structure within the HIV genome and its key function in nuclear import of the lentivirus/HIV genome in non-dividing cells.[5] This discovery enabled the development of lentiviral vectors that can infect non-dividing cells,[6] contrary to other types of retroviral gene transfer vectors, which can only target dividing cells. Since 2000, Charneau has led his own research group at the Pasteur Institute focusing on molecular virology and vectorology.[7] His research has specialized in lentiviral vectors medicinal applications and his publications and patents[8] have led to extensive developments in gene therapy, as well as prophylactic and therapeutic vaccinations in infectious diseases and oncology.

Charneau's development of lentiviral vectors are used in many therapeutic approaches such as those carried out by bluebird bio,[9][10] CAR-T[11]), Novartis[12] (CAR-T[13]), Kite[14] (TCR), Immune Design[15] (Cancer vaccines) and TheraVectys.[16][17][18]

Awards and honors[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Charneau, Pierre; Montagnier, Luc; Nerhbass, Ulf; Guetard, Denise; Petit, Caroline; Zennou, VÃronique (2000-04-14). "HIV-1 Genome Nuclear Import Is Mediated by a Central DNA Flap". Cell. 101 (2): 173–185. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80828-4. ISSN 0092-8674. PMID 10786833. S2CID 9606648.
  2. ^ https://fr.linkedin.com/in/pierre-charneau-49829749 [self-published source]
  3. ^ "Le virus du sida pour soigner le cancer". ladepeche.fr (in French). Retrieved 2019-02-04.
  4. ^ "Quand le virus transporte des gènes-médicaments". Sciences et Avenir (in French). Retrieved 2019-02-04.
  5. ^ Charneau, Pierre; Montagnier, Luc; Nerhbass, Ulf; Guetard, Denise; Petit, Caroline; Zennou, Véronique (2000-04-14). "HIV-1 Genome Nuclear Import Is Mediated by a Central DNA Flap". Cell. 101 (2): 173–185. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80828-4. ISSN 0092-8674. PMID 10786833. S2CID 9606648.
  6. ^ Charneau, Pierre; Dubart-Kupperschmitt, Anne; Coulombel, Laure; Vainchenker, William; Titeux, Monique; Zennou, Véronique; Pflumio, Françoise; Sirven, Aude (2000-12-15). "The human immunodeficiency virus type-1 central DNA flap is a crucial determinant for lentiviral vector nuclear import and gene transduction of human hematopoietic stem cells". Blood. 96 (13): 4103–4110. doi:10.1182/blood.V96.13.4103. ISSN 0006-4971. PMID 11110680.
  7. ^ Pasteur, research pasteur fr-Institut. "Molecular Virology and Vaccinology • Research". Research. Retrieved 2019-01-30.
  8. ^ "Pierre Charneau Inventions, Patents and Patent Applications - Justia Patents Search". patents.justia.com. Retrieved 2019-02-04.
  9. ^ "S-1". www.sec.gov. Retrieved 2019-01-30.
  10. ^ "bluebird bio Presents New Data for LentiGlobin Gene Therapy in Transfusion Dependent β-Thalassemia at 60th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology". www.businesswire.com. 2018-12-04. Retrieved 2019-01-30.
  11. ^ "SEC Filing | bluebird bio, Inc". investor.bluebirdbio.com. Retrieved 2019-01-30.
  12. ^ "bluebird bio Licenses Lentiviral Vector Patent Rights for Development and Commercialization of Cell Therapies". www.businesswire.com. 2017-05-02. Retrieved 2019-01-30.
  13. ^ "Novartis receives first ever FDA approval for a CAR-T cell therapy, Kymriah(TM) (CTL019), for children and young adults with B-cell ALL that is refractory or has relapsed at least twice". Novartis. Retrieved 2019-01-30.
  14. ^ "Kite Pharma and bluebird bio Announce Strategic Collaboration to Advance Second Generation TCR Cell Therapy Products to Treat HPV-Associated Cancers". bluebird bio, Inc. Retrieved 2019-01-30.
  15. ^ "Immune Design enters settlement, license pacts with TheraVectys IMDZ - The Fly". thefly.com. Retrieved 2019-01-30.
  16. ^ "Theravectys' HIV Cure on the Road to Success". Labiotech.eu. 2015-07-20. Retrieved 2019-01-30.
  17. ^ "Immunotherapy reaches Breakthrough in eliminating HIV". Labiotech.eu. 2016-06-13. Retrieved 2019-01-30.
  18. ^ "The 10 Most Innovative HIV Treatments to Defeat AIDS". Labiotech.eu. 2017-09-13. Retrieved 2019-01-30.
  19. ^ "Lauréats 2004 des Prix de l'Académie des sciences" (PDF). 2004. Retrieved 2019-04-19.
  20. ^ "2009 Awards by the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale" (PDF).

External links[edit]

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