Patrick Purdon

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Patrick Lee Purdon
Born
Hong Kong
Nationality (legal)American
Alma mater
Organizations
Title
  • Associate Professor of Anaesthesia at Harvard Medical School
  • Nathaniel M. Sims Endowed Chair in Anesthesia Innovation and Bioengineering at Massachusetts General Hospital
Websitepurdonlab.mgh.harvard.edu

Patrick Lee Purdon is an American biomedical engineer whose research focuses on neuroscience, neuroengineering, and clinical applications. He holds the Nathaniel M. Sims Endowed Chair in Anesthesia Innovation and Bioengineering at Massachusetts General Hospital and is an associate professor of anaesthesia at Harvard Medical School. Purdon received his Ph.D. in biomedical engineering from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2005. His research in neuroengineering encompasses the mechanisms of anesthesia,[1] Alzheimer’s disease and brain health,[2] anesthesia and the developing brain,[3][4] neural signal processing,[5][6][7] and the development of novel technologies for brain monitoring. He has published over 90 peer-reviewed publications, is an inventor on 16 pending patents, and is a Fellow of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering.[8] Purdon has won many awards, including the prestigious National Institutes of Health Director’s New Innovator Award,[9] and his work has been covered in the popular media, including programs on Radiolab and NPR.[10][11]

Biography[edit]

Purdon was born in Hong Kong and grew up in Chula Vista, California. During high school, he was a finalist in the Westinghouse Science Talent SearchRegeneron Science Talent Search, and was a National Merit Scholar, and the valedictorian of Chula Vista High School.[12][13] Purdon studied Engineering Sciences at Harvard College and received his A.B. (summa cum laude) in 1996. He attended MIT for his graduate studies, within the Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology Medical Engineering and Medical Physics (MEMP) programHarvard–MIT Program of Health Sciences and Technology. For his Master’s thesis, he worked under the supervision of Drs. Robert Weisskoff and Victor Solo at the Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging to develop novel signal processing methods for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data analysis.[14][15] He earned an S.M. degree in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from MIT in 1998. In 1999, he joined the Neuroscience Statistics Research Laboratory directed by Dr. Emery Brown to study the neural mechanisms of anesthesia-induced unconsciousness in humans using simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG) and fMRI. Purdon was jointly supervised by Dr. Giorgio Bonmassar, with whom he developed novel technologies for simultaneous EEG-fMRI recordings during high-field MRI.[16] Purdon received his Ph.D. in biomedical engineering at MIT in 2005. Purdon joined the faculty at Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital in 2005. In 2017, he was appointed as the first incumbent of the Nathaniel M. Sims Endowed Chair in Anesthesia Innovation and Bioengineering at Massachusetts General Hospital. He is also currently an Associate Professor of Anaesthesia at Harvard Medical School.[17]

Scientific contributions[edit]

Neural mechanisms of anesthesia[edit]

Purdon and his collaborators have been working on characterizing the neural mechanisms of anesthesia. In 2009, Purdon received a NIH Director’s New Innovator Award to develop a neural systems approach for monitoring and drug administration for general anesthesia.[9] Using a multiscale and multimodal approach in humans, Purdon and his team discovered that anesthetics produce prominent, highly structured neural oscillations that disrupt brain activity. This profound disruption of brain activity is thought to be a primary mechanism by which anesthetic drugs produce unconsciousness. The form of these oscillations correspond to the underlying molecular mechanisms of different anesthetic drugs, leading to the concept that different anesthetic drug classes have distinct “EEG signatures” that relate to their mechanisms of action. His work incorporates animal models,[18] computational models,[19] and human studies.[1][20]

Anesthesia-induced brain oscillations in aging and development[edit]

Anesthetic drugs at brain circuits that change significantly during aging in adults and during development in children. Purdon and colleagues have shown that anesthesia-induced brain oscillations change significantly during aging and early childhood in a manner that likely reflects underlying brain aging and development.[21][22][23][24][25] Purdon and colleagues are currently investigating how brain oscillations, anesthesia-induced or otherwise, could be used to better understand brain circuit function in humans during aging, Alzheimer’s disease, development, and developmental disorders.

Clinical education[edit]

Purdon lectures to an international audience about the use of EEG-based brain monitoring to guide anesthesia care.[26] He and his team have also developed online educational programming in collaboration with the International Anesthesia Research Society, available at [1].

Neural signal processing[edit]

Purdon has worked throughout his career to develop novel statistical signal processing methods for neuroscience. He has focused considerable effort on the EEG source localization problem, in which high-density scalp measurements are used to estimate underlying cerebral currents. His approach uses biophysical, functional neuroanatomic, and computational principles to guide the solution to this problem. His work has illustrated how neurophysiologically-principled models of sparsity, connectivity, and dynamics can significantly expand the realm of what is possible using source localization, improving spatial resolution significantly, and enabling localization of subcortical activity.[5][6][7][27][28]

Awards and honor[edit]

Purdon's work has won many awards and has been featured on high-impact academic medium. For example, he received the National Institutes of Health Director's New Innovator Award from the National Institutes of Health in 2009,[29] Honorable Mention of MGH Martin Prize from the Massachusetts General Hospital in 2013, the Innovation Development Grant Award from Mass General Brigham in 2014,[30] Best in Neuroscience Award from the Society for Neuroscience in Anesthesiology and Critical Care in 2015,[31] the Art of Talking Science competition winner from the Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute in 2016,[32] and an author and participant invitation to the Ernst Strungmann Forum [de] Manifestations and Mechanisms of Dynamic brain Coordination over Development in 2017.[33]

Purdon also fellow and member of several professional organizations, including the Society for Neuroscience, the American Society of Anesthesiologists, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE),[34] the International Anesthesia Research Society (IARS), the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering (AIMBE),[35] the Society for Neuroscience in Anesthesiology and Critical Care, and the Association of University Anesthesiologists (AUA).[36]

Music[edit]

Purdon is also a jazz vocalist who performs regularly in the Boston area.[37]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Lewis, L. D.; Weiner, V. S.; Mukamel, E. A.; Donoghue, J. A.; Eskandar, E. N.; Madsen, J. R.; Anderson, W. S.; Hochberg, L. R.; Cash, S. S.; Brown, E. N.; Purdon, P. L. (November 5, 2012). "Rapid fragmentation of neuronal networks at the onset of propofol-induced unconsciousness". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109 (49): E3377–E3386. doi:10.1073/pnas.1210907109. PMC 3523833. PMID 23129622.
  2. ^ Brown, E. N.; Solt, K.; Zhou, D. W.; Lee, J.; Sampson, A. L.; Smith, A. C.; Akeju, O.; Pavone, K. J.; Purdon, P. L. (July 1, 2015). "The Ageing Brain: Age-dependent changes in the electroencephalogram during propofol and sevoflurane general anaesthesia". BJA: British Journal of Anaesthesia. 115 (suppl_1): i46–i57. doi:10.1093/bja/aev213. PMC 4501918. PMID 26174300 – via academic.oup.com.
  3. ^ Purdon, P. L.; Brown, E. N.; Shank, E. S.; Puglia, M.; Westover, M. B.; Firth, P. G.; Thum, J. A.; Pavone, K. J.; Akeju, O. (July 1, 2015). "Age-dependency of sevoflurane-induced electroencephalogram dynamics in children". BJA: British Journal of Anaesthesia. 115 (suppl_1): i66–i76. doi:10.1093/bja/aev114. PMC 4501917. PMID 26174303 – via academic.oup.com.
  4. ^ Cornelissen, Tom; Vilain, Sven; Vints, Katlijn; Gounko, Natalia; Verstreken, Patrik; Vandenberghe, Wim (May 29, 2018). Youle, Richard J (ed.). "Deficiency of parkin and PINK1 impairs age-dependent mitophagy in Drosophila". eLife. 7: e35878. doi:10.7554/eLife.35878. PMC 6008047. PMID 29809156.
  5. ^ a b Purdon, Patrick L.; Brown, Emery N.; Temereanca, Simona; Hämäläinen, Matti S.; Lamus, Camilo (November 16, 2015). "A Spatiotemporal Dynamic Solution to the MEG Inverse Problem: An Empirical Bayes Approach". arXiv:1511.05056. Bibcode:2015arXiv151105056L. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  6. ^ a b Pirondini, E.; Babadi, B.; Obregon-Henao, G.; Lamus, C.; Malik, W. Q.; Hämäläinen, M. S.; Purdon, P. L. (June 26, 2018). "Computationally Efficient Algorithms for Sparse, Dynamic Solutions to the EEG Source Localization Problem". IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering. 65 (6): 1359–1372. doi:10.1109/TBME.2017.2739824. PMID 28920892. S2CID 20819018.
  7. ^ a b Stokes, Patrick A.; Purdon, Patrick L. (August 22, 2017). "A study of problems encountered in Granger causality analysis from a neuroscience perspective". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 114 (34): E7063–E7072. Bibcode:2017PNAS..114E7063S. doi:10.1073/pnas.1704663114. PMC 5576801. PMID 28778996.
  8. ^ "Patrick Purdon | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard Catalyst". connects.catalyst.harvard.edu.
  9. ^ a b "NIH Director's New Innovator Award - Funded Research". commonfund.nih.gov. 26 June 2013.
  10. ^ "Radiolab - Decoding The Void [Emery Brown, Julie Fenster, Patrick Purdon and Carl Zimmer]" – via www.youtube.com.
  11. ^ "Brain Music: How 'Fly Me To The Moon' Can Explain Your Brain On Anesthesia". www.wbur.org.
  12. ^ Vanderkam, Laura. "Patrick Purdon: The Mystery of Unconsciousness and All That Jazz". Scientific American.
  13. ^ "2 S.D. Students Named as Finalists in Elite Science Competition". Los Angeles Times. January 30, 1992.
  14. ^ Weisskoff, Robert M.; Purdon, Patrick L. (August 26, 1998). "Effect of temporal autocorrelation due to physiological noise and stimulus paradigm on voxel-level false-positive rates in fMRI". Human Brain Mapping. 6 (4): 239–49. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0193(1998)6:4<239::AID-HBM4>3.0.CO;2-4. PMC 6873371. PMID 9704263. S2CID 16593201.
  15. ^ Weisskoff, Robert M.; Brown, Emery N.; Purdon, Patrick L.; Solo, Victor (August 26, 1998). "Regularization for functional MRI models". Proceedings 1998 International Conference on Image Processing. ICIP98 (Cat. No.98CB36269). Vol. 1. pp. 714–716. doi:10.1109/ICIP.1998.723596. ISBN 0-8186-8821-1. S2CID 46372262.
  16. ^ Purdon, Patrick L.; Pierce, Eric T.; Bonmassar, Giorgio; Walsh, John; Harrell, P. Grace; Kwo, Jean; Deschler, Daniel; Barlow, Margaret; Merhar, Rebecca C.; Lamus, Camilo; Mullaly, Catherine M.; Sullivan, Mary; Maginnis, Sharon; Skoniecki, Debra; Higgins, Helen-Anne; Brown, Emery N. (March 26, 2009). "Simultaneous Electroencephalography and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of General Anesthesia". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1157 (1): 61–70. Bibcode:2009NYASA1157...61P. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.04119.x. PMC 2855224. PMID 19351356.
  17. ^ "Patrick L. Purdon, PhD - Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA". www.massgeneral.org.
  18. ^ Purdon, Patrick L.; Brown, Emery N.; Wilson, Matthew A.; Kim, Seong-Eun; Fath, Amanda B.; Hartnack, Katharine E.; Flores, Francisco J. (August 8, 2017). "Thalamocortical synchronization during induction and emergence from propofol-induced unconsciousness". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 114 (32): E6660–E6668. Bibcode:2017PNAS..114E6660F. doi:10.1073/pnas.1700148114. PMC 5558998. PMID 28743752.
  19. ^ Kopell, Nancy J.; Brown, Emery N.; Purdon, Patrick L.; Cimenser, Aylin; Ching, ShiNung (December 28, 2010). "Thalamocortical model for a propofol-induced α-rhythm associated with loss of consciousness". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 107 (52): 22665–22670. Bibcode:2010PNAS..10722665C. doi:10.1073/pnas.1017069108. PMC 3012501. PMID 21149695.
  20. ^ Purdon, Patrick L.; Pierce, Eric T.; Mukamel, Eran A.; Prerau, Michael J.; Walsh, John L.; Wong, Kin Foon K.; Salazar-Gomez, Andres F.; Harrell, Priscilla G.; Sampson, Aaron L.; Cimenser, Aylin; Ching, ShiNung; Kopell, Nancy J.; Tavares-Stoeckel, Casie; Habeeb, Kathleen; Merhar, Rebecca; Brown, Emery N. (March 19, 2013). "Electroencephalogram signatures of loss and recovery of consciousness from propofol". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 110 (12): E1142–1151. Bibcode:2013PNAS..110E1142P. doi:10.1073/pnas.1221180110. PMC 3607036. PMID 23487781.
  21. ^ Purdon, P. L.; Pavone, K. J.; Akeju, O.; Smith, A. C.; Sampson, A. L.; Lee, J.; Zhou, D. W.; Solt, K.; Brown, E. N. (July 26, 2015). "The Ageing Brain: Age-dependent changes in the electroencephalogram during propofol and sevoflurane general anaesthesia". British Journal of Anaesthesia. 115 (Suppl 1): i46–i57. doi:10.1093/bja/aev213. PMC 4501918. PMID 26174300.
  22. ^ Akeju, O.; Pavone, K. J.; Thum, J. A.; Firth, P. G.; Westover, M. B.; Puglia, M.; Shank, E. S.; Brown, E. N.; Purdon, P. L. (July 26, 2015). "Age-dependency of sevoflurane-induced electroencephalogram dynamics in children". British Journal of Anaesthesia. 115 (Suppl 1): i66–i76. doi:10.1093/bja/aev114. PMC 4501917. PMID 26174303.
  23. ^ Cornelissen, Laura; Kim, Seong-Eun; Purdon, Patrick L; Brown, Emery N; Berde, Charles B (June 23, 2015). Culham, Jody C (ed.). "Age-dependent electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns during sevoflurane general anesthesia in infants". eLife. 4: e06513. doi:10.7554/eLife.06513. PMC 4502759. PMID 26102526.
  24. ^ Lee, Johanna M.; Akeju, Oluwaseun; Terzakis, Kristina; Pavone, Kara J.; Deng, Hao; Houle, Timothy T.; Firth, Paul G.; Shank, Erik S.; Brown, Emery N.; Purdon, Patrick L. (August 26, 2017). "A Prospective Study of Age-dependent Changes in Propofol-induced Electroencephalogram Oscillations in Children". Anesthesiology. 127 (2): 293–306. doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000001717. PMID 28657957. S2CID 5225598.
  25. ^ Walsh, Elisa C.; Lee, Johanna M.; Terzakis, Kristina; Zhou, David W.; Burns, Sara; Buie, Timothy M.; Firth, Paul G.; Shank, Erik S.; Houle, Timothy T.; Brown, Emery N.; Purdon, Patrick L. (June 22, 2018). "Age-Dependent Changes in the Propofol-Induced Electroencephalogram in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder". Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience. 12: 23. doi:10.3389/fnsys.2018.00023. PMC 6024139. PMID 29988455.
  26. ^ http://eegforanesthesia.iars.org/
  27. ^ Babadi, Behtash; Obregon-Henao, Gabriel; Lamus, Camilo; Hämäläinen, Matti S.; Brown, Emery N.; Purdon, Patrick L. (February 15, 2014). "A Subspace Pursuit-based Iterative Greedy Hierarchical solution to the neuromagnetic inverse problem". NeuroImage. 87: 427–443. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.09.008. PMC 3946905. PMID 24055554.
  28. ^ Krishnaswamy, Pavitra; Obregon-Henao, Gabriel; Ahveninen, Jyrki; Khan, Sheraz; Babadi, Behtash; Iglesias, Juan Eugenio; Hämäläinen, Matti S.; Purdon, Patrick L. (November 28, 2017). "Sparsity enables estimation of both subcortical and cortical activity from MEG and EEG". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 114 (48): E10465–E10474. arXiv:1706.08041. Bibcode:2017PNAS..11410465K. doi:10.1073/pnas.1705414114. PMC 5715738. PMID 29138310.
  29. ^ "NIH Director's New Innovator Award - Funded Research". 26 June 2013.
  30. ^ "Celebrate 2014 Innovation Development Grant Winners". 2 August 2014.
  31. ^ "Best of Neuroscience Award".
  32. ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: Mass General Research Institute: 2016 Art of Talking Science Winner. YouTube.
  33. ^ "Home".
  34. ^ https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37294117100 [bare URL]
  35. ^ "Patrick L. Purdon, Ph.D. COF-1857 - AIMBE".
  36. ^ https://auahq.org/newsletters/15_AUA_summer_newsletter.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  37. ^ "Patrick Purdon Jazz Vocalist". Patrick Purdon Jazz Vocalist.

External links[edit]

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