List of Clostridium species
As of October 2022, there are 164 validly published species in Clostridium,[1] as well as 38 species described but not validly published.
Species[edit]
- Clostridium aceticum
- Clostridium acetireducens
- Clostridium acetobutylicum
- Clostridium acidisoli
- Clostridium aciditolerans
- Clostridium aestuarii
- Clostridium akagii
- Clostridium algidicarnis
- Clostridium algifaecis
- Clostridium algoriphilum
- Clostridium amazonense[2]
- Clostridium aminophilum
- Clostridium ammoniilyticum
- Clostridium amylolyticum
- Clostridium arbusti
- Clostridium arcticum
- Clostridium argentinense
- Clostridium aurantibutyricum
- "Clostridium autoethanogenum"
- Clostridium baratii
- Clostridium beihaiense
- Clostridium beijerinckii
- Clostridium bornimense
- Clostridium botulinum
- Clostridium bovifaecis
- Clostridium bowmanii
- Clostridium budayi
- Clostridium butyricum
- Clostridium cadaveris
- Clostridium caldaquaticum
- Clostridium carboxidivorans
- Clostridium carnis
- Clostridium cavendishii
- Clostridium celatum
- "Clostridium cellulofermentans"
- Clostridium cellulosi
- Clostridium cellulovorans
- Clostridium chartatabidum
- Clostridium chauvoei
- Clostridium chromiireducens
- Clostridium chrysemydis
- Clostridium cochlearium
- Clostridium colicanis
- Clostridium colinum
- Clostridium collagenovorans
- Clostridium combesii
- Clostridium composti
- Clostridium cylindrosporum
- Clostridium disporicum
- Clostridium drakei
- Clostridium estertheticum
- Clostridium facile
- Clostridium fallax
- Clostridium felsineum
- Clostridium fermenticellae
- Clostridium fessum
- Clostridium fimetarium
- Clostridium formicaceticum
- Clostridium frigidicarnis
- Clostridium frigoris
- Clostridium fungisolvens
- Clostridium ganghwense
- Clostridium gasigenes
- Clostridium gelidum
- Clostridium grantii
- Clostridium guangxiense
- Clostridium haemolyticum
- Clostridium herbivorans
- Clostridium homopropionicum
- Clostridium hominis
- Clostridium huakuii
- Clostridium hydrogeniformans
- Clostridium hylemonae
- Clostridium indicum
- Clostridium innocuum
- Clostridium intestinale
- Clostridium isatidis
- Clostridium jeddahense[2]
- Clostridium kluyveri
- Clostridium kogasense
- Clostridium lacusfryxellense
- Clostridium lentum
- Clostridium leptum
- Clostridium liquoris[2]
- Clostridium ljungdahlii
- Clostridium lundense
- Clostridium luticellarii[2]
- Clostridium magnum
- Clostridium malenominatum
- Clostridium manihotivorum
- Clostridium methoxybenzovorans
- Clostridium methylpentosum
- Clostridium mobile
- Clostridium moniliforme[2]
- Clostridium muellerianum
- Clostridium neonatale
- Clostridium neuense
- Clostridium nexile
- Clostridium nitritogenes
- Clostridium nitrophenolicum
- Clostridium novyi
- Clostridium oceanicum
- Clostridium oryzae[2]
- Clostridium pabulibutyricum
- Clostridium paradoxum
- Clostridium paraputrificum
- Clostridium pascui
- Clostridium pasteurianum
- Clostridium peptidivorans
- Clostridium perfringens
- Clostridium phytofermentans
- Clostridium piliforme
- Clostridium polyendosporum[2]
- Clostridium polynesiense
- Clostridium polysaccharolyticum
- Clostridium porci
- Clostridium prolinivorans
- Clostridium psychrophilum
- Clostridium punense[2]
- Clostridium puniceum
- Clostridium putrefaciens
- Clostridium putrificum
- Clostridium quinii
- "Clostridium ragsdalei"
- Clostridium saccharobutylicum
- Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum
- Clostridium sardiniense
- Clostridium sartagoforme
- Clostridium saudiense [2]
- Clostridium scatologenes
- Clostridium schirmacherense
- Clostridium scindens
- Clostridium senegalense[2]
- Clostridium septicum
- Clostridium simiarum
- Clostridium sporogenes
- Clostridium sporosphaeroides
- Clostridium subterminale
- Clostridium sulfidigenes
- Clostridium swellfunianum[2]
- Clostridium symbiosum
- Clostridium tagluense
- Clostridium tarantellae[2]
- Clostridium tepidiprofundi
- Clostridium tepidum
- Clostridium tertium
- Clostridium tetani
- Clostridium tetanomorphum
- Clostridium thailandense
- Clostridium thermarum
- Clostridium thermoalcaliphilum
- Clostridium thermobutyricum
- Clostridium thermopalmarium
- Clostridium thermopapyrolyticum
- Clostridium thermosuccinogenes
- Clostridium thiosulfatireducens
- Clostridium tyrobutyricum
- Clostridium uliginosum
- Clostridium vincentii
- Clostridium viride
- Clostridium vitabionis
- Clostridium vulturis[2]
- Clostridium weizhouense
- Clostridium zeae
Species formerly placed in Clostridium[edit]
- Order Caryophanales
- Family Paenibacillaceae
- Genus Oxalophagus: Clostridium oxalicum, reassigned in 1994.
- Genus Paenibacillus: Clostridium durum, reassigned in 1994.
- Family Paenibacillaceae
- Order Erysipelotrichia
- Family Coprobacillaceae
- Genus Thomasclavelia: Clostridium cocleatum, C. ramosum, C. saccharogumia and C. spiroforme, reassigned in 2023.
- Family Coprobacillaceae
- Order Eubacteriales
- Family Clostridiaceae
- Genus Asaccharospora: Clostridium irregulare, reassigned in 2014.
- Genus Caloramator: Clostridium fervidum, reassigned in 1994.
- Genus Hathewaya: Clostridium histolyticum, C. limosum and C. proteolyticum, reassigned in 2016.
- Genus Hungatella: Clostridium hathewayi, reassigned in 2014.
- Genus Intestinibacter: Clostridium bartlettii, reassigned in 2014.
- Genus Oxobacter: Clostridium pfennigii, reassigned in 1994.
- Genus Paeniclostridium: Clostridium ghonii and C. sordellii, reassigned in 2016.
- Genus Paraclostridium: Clostridium bifermentans, reassigned in 2016.
- Genus Romboutsia: Clostridium lituseburense, reassugned in 2014.
- Genus Sarcina: Clostridium maximum and C. ventriculi. Originally described in Sarcina, proposed to be moved to Clostridium in 2016 but remained due to Sarcina being the older genus.
- Genus Terrisporobacter: Clostridium glycolicum and C. mayombei, reassigned in 2014.
- Family Eubacteriaceae
- Genus Eubacterium: Clostridium barkeri, reassigned in 1994.
- Family Lachnospiraceae
- Genus Anaerocolumna: Clostridium aminovalericum, C. jejuense and C. xylanovorans, reassigned in 2016.
- Genus Anaeromicropila: Clostridium populeti, reassigned in 2023.
- Genus Anaerotignum: Clostridium lactatifermentans, C. neopropionicum and C. propionicum, reassigned in 2017
- Genus Blautia: Clostridium coccoides, reassigned in 2008.
- Genus Butyrivibrio: Clostridium proteoclasticum, reassigned in 2008.
- Genus Cellulosilyticum: C. lentocellum, reassigned in 2010.
- Genus Enterocloster: Clostridium aldenense, C. asparagiforme, C. bolteae, C. citroniae, C. clostridioforme and C. lavalense, reassigned in 2020.[3]
- Genus Faecalicatena: Clostridium oroticum, reassigned in 2017.
- Genus Lacrimispora: Clostridium aerotolerans, C. algidixylanolyticum, C. amygdalinum, C. celerecrescens, C. indolis, C. saccharolyticum, C. sphenoides, C. xylanolyticum
- Genus Mediterraneibacter: Clostridium glycyrrhizinilyticum, reassigned in 2019
- Family Oscillospiraceae
- Genus Acetivibrio: Clostridium aldrichii, C. alkalicellulosi, C. clariflavum, C. straminisolvens and C. thermocellum, reassigned in 2019.
- Genus Flavonifractor: Clostridium orbiscindens, merged with Eubacterium plautii and moved to new genus in 2010.
- Genus Ruminiclostridium: Clostridium cellobioparum, Clostridium cellulolyticum, Clostridium hungatei, Clostridium josui, Clostridium papyrosolvens, Clostridium sufflavum and Clostridium termitidis reassigned in 2018.
- Genus Thermoclostridium: Clostridium caenicola and C. stercorarium, reassigned in 2018.
- Family Peptostreptococcaceae
- Genus Acetoanaerobium: Clostridium sticklandii, reassigned in 2016.
- Genus Clostridioides: Clostridium difficile and C. mangenotii, reassigned in 2016.[4]
- Genus Filifactor: Clostridium villosum, reassigned in 1994.
- Genus Maledivibacter: Clostridium halophilum, reassigned in 2016.
- Genus Paramaledivibacter: Clostridium caminithermale, reassigned in 2016.
- Genus Peptacetobacter: Clostridium hiranonis, reassigned in 2020.
- Genus Peptoclostridium: C. litorale, reassigned in 2016.
- Family Syntrophomonadaceae
- Genus Syntrophospora: Clostridium bryantii, reassigned in 1990.
- Family Clostridiaceae
- Order Fusobacteriales
- Family Fusobacteriaceae
- Genus Fusobacterium: Clostridium rectum, merged into Fusobacterium mortiferum in 2017.
- Family Fusobacteriaceae
- Order Halanaerobiales
- Family Halobacteroidaceae
- Genus Sporohalobacter: Clostridium lortetii, reassigned in 1984.
- Family Halobacteroidaceae
- Order Selenomonadales
- Family Sporomusaceae
- Genus Dendrosporobacter: Clostridium quercicolum, reassigned in 2000.
- Family Sporomusaceae
- Order Thermoanaerobacterales
- Family Thermoanaerobacteraceae
- Genus Moorella: Clostridium thermaceticum and C. thermautotrophicum, reassigned in 1994.
- Genus Thermoanaerobacter: Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum and C. thermosulfurigenes, reassigned in 1993 and Clostridium thermocopriae and C. thermosaccharolyticum, reassigned in 1994.
- Family Thermoanaerobacteraceae
- Order Tissierellales
- Family Gottschalkiaceae
- Genus Gottschalkia: Clostridium acidurici and C. purinilyticum, first proposed in 2013 together with Clostridium angusta, reassigned in 2017.
- Family Tissierellaceae
- Genus Schnuerera: Clostridium ultunense, reassigned in 2020.
- Genus Tissierella: Clostridium hastiforme, reassigned in 1986.
- Unassigned to family
- Genus Sedimentibacter: C. hydroxybenzoicum, reassigned in 2002.
- Family Gottschalkiaceae
References[edit]
- ^ Page Genus: Clostridium on "LPSN - List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature". Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen. Retrieved 2022-10-03.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Parte AC. "Clostridium". LPSN.
- ^ Haas, Kelly N.; Blanchard, Jeffrey L. (2020). "Reclassification of the Clostridium clostridioforme and Clostridium sphenoides clades As enterocloster gen. nov. And lacrimispora gen. nov., including reclassification of 15 taxa". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 70 (1): 23–34. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.003698. PMID 31782700. S2CID 208358321.
- ^ Lawson, Paul A.; Citron, Diane M.; Tyrrell, Kerin L.; Finegold, Sydney M. (August 2016). "Reclassification of Clostridium difficile as Clostridioides difficile (Hall and O'Toole 1935) Prévot 1938". Anaerobe. 40: 95–99. doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2016.06.008. PMID 27370902.