Illinois's 13th House of Representatives district

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For the congressional district, see Illinois's 13th congressional district.

Illinois's 13th State
House of Representatives
district
Representative
  Hoan Huynh
D–Chicago
since 2023
Demographics54.2% White
12.3% Black
17.5% Hispanic
12.9% Asian
0.3% Other
2.8% Multiracial
Population (2018)109,467
Created1983–present
1849–1873, 1957–1973
Notes[1]

Illinois's 13th House of Representatives district is a Representative district within the Illinois House of Representatives located in Cook County, Illinois. It has been represented by Democrat Hoan Huynh since January 11, 2023. The district was previously represented by Democrat Greg Harris from 2006 to 2023.

The district includes parts of the Chicago neighborhoods of Edgewater, Lake View, Lincoln Square, North Center, Uptown, West Ridge.[2][3]

Representative district history[edit]

This section is an excerpt from Illinois's 1st House of Representatives district § Representative district history.[edit]
Prior to the ratification of the 1848 Illinois Constitution, counties (or two or more counties) were designated a certain number of Senators and Representatives. With the ratification of the 1848 Illinois Constitution, Legislative and Representative districts were numbered and called by name. Each district was still assigned a certain number of Senators and Representatives. After the passage of the 1872 Apportionment, only Legislative districts were drawn with Representatives elected cumulatively. The 1954 amendment to the 1870 Illinois Constitution established Representative districts as separate from Legislative districts (with representatives still elected cumulatively). The boundaries of Representative and Legislative districts would differ.[4] After the United States Supreme Court ruled in Reynolds v. Sims (1964) that "both houses of state legislatures must be apportioned according to districts of equal population," new districts were redrawn for the Illinois Senate and Illinois House of Representatives. While the Legislative districts were redrawn, the Governor and General Assembly failed to agree on Representative district boundaries. Under the 1954 amendment, "a 10-man bipartisan commission appointed by the governor from recommendations made by both parties" were directed to redraw boundaries but failed to do so in 1963. Because of this failure, and with no district boundaries redrawn, all Representative districts were temporarily merged into one at-large district with 177 representatives (the total number of representatives at the time). The 1964 Illinois House election had several candidates running for all 177 seats throughout the state.[5] In 1965, the Representative districts were redrawn by the Illinois Legislative Reapportionment Commission and elections held in 1966 were done with separate districts.[6] With the 1971 Apportionment (and adoption of the 1970 Illinois Constitution), Representative districts were abolished and representatives were once again elected cumulatively per Legislative district.[7] After the passage of the Cutback Amendment in 1980, the number of Representatives was reduced from 177 to 118 with Representative districts re-established and now electing a single representative.

Prominent representatives[edit]

Representative Notes

William A. J. Sparks 		Elected to the U.S. House of Representatives from Illinois's 16th congressional district (1875 – 1883)

Greg Harris 		Served as Majority Leader of the Illinois House of Representatives (2019 – 2023)

List of representatives[edit]

1849 – 1873[edit]

Representative[8] Party Years[a] General Assembly (GA) Electoral History Counties Represented
13th Representative district established with 1848 Illinois Constitution.
Elisha H. Starkweather Democratic[9] January 1, 1849 –
January 6, 1851 		16th Redistricted from the Coles County House district and re-elected in 1848
Was not re-elected in 1850. 		Clay
Cumberland
Effingham
William H. Blakely Unknown January 6, 1851 –
January 3, 1853 		17th Elected in 1850
Was not re-elected in 1852.
P. Funkhouser Democratic
[10][11][12] 		January 3, 1853 –
January 1, 1855 		18th Elected back in 1852
Redistricted to the 15th Representative district and re-elected in 1854.
James Bradford January 1, 1855 –
January 5, 1857 		19th Elected in 1854
Was not re-elected in 1856. 		Bond
Clinton

William A. J. Sparks 		January 5, 1857 –
January 3, 1859 		20th Elected in 1856
Was not re-elected in 1858.
Charles Hoiles January 3, 1859 –
January 7, 1861 		21st Elected in 1858
Was not re-elected in 1860.
Joshua P. Knapp Unknown January 7, 1861 –
January 5, 1863 		22nd Elected in 1860
Was not re-elected in 1862.
Robert H. McCann January 5, 1863 –
January 2, 1865 		23rd Elected in 1862
Was not re-elected in 1864. 		Effingham
Fayette
George H. Deickman Democratic[13] January 2, 1865 –
January 7, 1867 		24th Elected in 1864
Was not re-elected in 1866.
George W. Cornwell Unknown January 7, 1867 –
January 4, 1869 		25th Elected in 1866
Was not re-elected in 1868.
Leonard Rush Democratic[14] January 4, 1869 –
January 4, 1871 		26th Elected in 1868
Was not re-elected in 1870.
William R. Gass Republican[15] January 4, 1871 –
January 8, 1873 		27th Elected in 1870
Was not re-elected in 1872. 		Perry
District abolished with 1872 Reapportionment as 3 Representatives were now elected cumulatively from Legislative districts.

1957 – 1973[edit]

Representative[8] Party Party Control Years[a][b] General Assembly (GA) Electoral History Counties Represented
District re-established in 1957.
James P. Loukas Democratic 2 Democrats
1 Republican 		January 9, 1957 –
January 6, 1965 		70th
71st
72nd
73rd 		Elected in 1956
Re-elected in 1958
Re-elected in 1960
Re-elected in 1962
Ran in the At-large district election and won re-election in 1964. 		Cook
Nathan J. Kaplan Elected in 1956
Re-elected in 1958
Re-elected in 1960
Re-elected in 1962
Retired.
Elroy C. Sandquist Republican Redistricted from the 25th Legislative district and re-elected in 1956
Re-elected in 1958
Re-elected in 1960
Re-elected in 1962
Ran for Illinois Attorney General and lost in 1964.
The district was temporarily abolished from 1965 to 1967 due to the Redistricting Commission in 1963 failing to reach an agreement. An at-large election was held electing 177 Representatives from across the state.
William E. Pollack Republican 2 Republicans
1 Democrat 		January 4, 1967 –
March 18, 1968 		75th Redistricted from At-large district and re-elected in 1966
Died while in office on March 18, 1968.[16] 		Cook
LaSalle J. Michaels Democratic January 4, 1967 –
January 8, 1969 		Redistricted from At-large district and re-elected in 1966
Retired.
Elroy C. Sandquist Republican January 4, 1967 –
January 13, 1971 		75th
76th 		Elected back in 1966
Re-elected in 1968
Retired.
1 Vacancy 1 Democrat
1 Republican 		March 18, 1968 –
January 8, 1969 		75th Vacancy left unfilled for remainder of the 75th GA.
Richard Elrod Democratic 2 Democrats
1 Republican 		January 8, 1969 –
January 13, 1971 		76th Elected in 1968
Elected Cook County Sheriff in 1970.
John B. Brandt January 8, 1969 –
January 10, 1973 		76th
77th 		Elected in 1968
Re-elected in 1970
Redistricted to the 14th Legislative district and re-elected in 1972.
Howard W. Carroll January 13, 1971 –
January 10, 1973 		77th Elected in 1970
Elected state Senator from the 15th Legislative district in 1972.
Charles J. Fleck, Jr. Republican Elected in 1970
Redistricted to the 14th Legislative district and re-elected in 1972.
District abolished with 1971 Reapportionment as Representatives were once again elected from Legislative districts.

1983 – Present[edit]

Representative[8] Party Years[b] General Assembly (GA) Electoral History Counties Represented
District re-established with representatives now elected one per district with the passage of the Cutback Amendment
Ralph C. Capparelli Democratic January 12, 1983 –
January 8, 2003 		83rd
84th
85th
86th
87th
88th
89th
90th
91st
92nd 		Redistricted from the 16th Legislative district and re-elected in 1982
Re-elected in 1984
Re-elected in 1986
Re-elected in 1988
Re-elected in 1990
Re-elected in 1992
Re-elected in 1994
Re-elected in 1996
Re-elected in 1998
Re-elected in 2000
Redistricted to the 15th Representative district and re-elected in 2002. 		Cook
Larry McKeon January 8, 2003 –
December 1, 2006 		93rd
94th 		Redistricted from the 34th Representative district and re-elected in 2002
Re-elected in 2004
Retired before the end of the 94th GA.

Greg Harris 		December 1, 2006 –
January 11, 2023 		94th
95th
96th
97th
98th
99th
100th
101st
102nd 		Elected and appointed in 2006
Re-elected in 2008
Re-elected in 2010
Re-elected in 2012
Re-elected in 2014
Re-elected in 2016
Re-elected in 2018
Re-elected in 2020
Hoan Huynh January 11, 2023 –
present 		103rd Elected in 2022

Historic District Boundaries[edit]

Years County Municipalities/Townships Notes
2023 – present Cook Chicago (Edgewater, Lake View, Lincoln Square, North Center, Uptown, West Ridge) [2]
2013 – 2023 Chicago (Albany Park, Edgewater, Lake View, North Center, North Park, Rogers Park, Uptown, West Ridge) [17][3]
2003 – 2013 Chicago [18]
1993 – 2003 Chicago [19]
1983 – 1993 Chicago [20]
1967 – 1973 Chicago [21]
1957 – 1965 Chicago [22]
1871 – 1873 Perry Barnard, Black Diamond, Calum, Comants, Cowen, Cufler, Denmark, Du Quoin, Four Mile Prairie, Galum, Grand Cote, Iowa, Old Du Quoin, Pinckneyville, St. Johns, Tamaroa, [23][24][25]
1863 – 1871 Effingham
Fayette 		Bluff City, Bowling Green, Coal, Cumberland, Edgewood, Effingham, Ewington, Farina, Freemantown, Hickory Creek, Higgins, Howard Point, London City, Mason, Ocanee, Ramsey, Shobonier, Teutopolis, Vandalia, Watson [23][26][27][28][29]
1855 – 1863 Bond
Clinton 		Aviston, Beaver Creek, Bethel, Breese, Carlyle, Clement, Dry Fork, Dudleyville, Elm Point, Fairview, Greenville, Hanover, Jamestown, Keyesport, Looking Glass, Mulberry Grove, New Berlin, Newport, Pocahontas, Shoal Creek, Trenton, Wertenberg [23][30][31][26]
1849 – 1855 Clay
Cumberland
Effingham 		Cato, Edgewood, Effingham, Ewington, Flora, Freemantown, Greenup, Louisville, Maysville, Tentopolis, Woodbury, Xenia [23][32][33][34][35]

Electoral history[edit]

2030 – 2022[edit]

2022 Illinois House of Representatives election[36]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Hoan Huynh 36,347 90.49 -9.51%
Republican Alper Turan 3821 9.51 N/A
Total votes 40,168 100.0

2020 – 2012[edit]

2020 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Greg Harris (incumbent) 46,016 100.0
Total votes 46,016 100.0
2018 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Gregory Harris (incumbent) 39,456 100.0
Total votes 39,456 100.0
2016 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Gregory Harris (incumbent) 40,831 100.0
Total votes 40,831 100.0
2014 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Gregory Harris (incumbent) 22,632 100.0
Total votes 22,632 100.0
2012 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Gregory Harris (incumbent) 33,488 100.0
Total votes 33,488 100.0

2010 – 2002[edit]

2010 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Gregory Harris (incumbent) 21,617 100.0
Total votes 21,617 100.0
2008 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Gregory Harris (incumbent) 31,013 100.0
Total votes 31,013 100.0
2006 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Gregory Harris 19,865 100.0
Total votes 19,865 100.0
2004 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Larry McKeon (incumbent) 29,937 100.0 +18.05%
Total votes 29,937 100.0
2002 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Larry McKeon 17,603 81.95 -18.05%
Republican Timothy J. Coffey 3,876 18.05 N/A
Total votes 21,479 100.0

2000 – 1992[edit]

2000 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ralph C. Capparelli (incumbent) 30,058 100.0
Total votes 30,058 100.0
1998 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ralph C. Capparelli (incumbent) 24,743 100.0 +41.48%
Total votes 24,743 100.0
1996 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ralph C. Capparelli (incumbent) 23,888 58.52 +1.92%
Republican Peter Callaghan 16,932 41.48 -1.92%
Total votes 40,820 100.0
1994 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ralph C. Capparelli (incumbent) 18,262 56.60 +0.81%
Republican Daniel J. Staackmann 14,004 43.40 -0.81%
Total votes 32,266 100.0
1992 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ralph C. Capparelli (incumbent) 26,693 55.79 -3.19%
Republican Josef Matuschka 21,154 44.21 +3.19%
Total votes 47,847 100.0

1990 – 1982[edit]

1990 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ralph C. Capparelli (incumbent) 21,497 58.98 -2.70%
Republican Josef Matuschka 14,950 41.02 +2.70%
Total votes 36,447 100.0
1988 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ralph C. Capparelli (incumbent) 29,731 61.68 -2.16%
Republican Kevin F. Alexander 18,470 38.32 +2.16%
Total votes 47,841 100.0
1986 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ralph C. Capparelli (incumbent) 24,804 63.84 +6.75%
Republican Carol Panek 14,047 36.16 -6.75%
Total votes 38,851 100.0
1984 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ralph C. Capparelli (incumbent) 28,566 57.09 -8.07%
Republican John P. Forde 21,470 42.91 +8.07%
Total votes 50,036 100.0
1982 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ralph C. Capparelli 26,659 65.16
Republican Joseph S. Zukowski 14,256 34.84
Total votes 40,915 100.0

1970 – 1962[edit]

1970 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic John B. Brandt (incumbent) 59,809.5 37.43
Democratic Howard W. Carroll 51,193.5 32.04
Republican Charles J. Fleck, Jr. 48,766.5 30.53
Write-in 1.5 0.00
Total votes 159,771 100.0
1968 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Richard J. Elrod 64,302.5 30.47
Democratic John B. Brandt 58,387 27.67
Republican Elroy C. Sandquist (incumbent) 44,485.5 21.08
Republican Thomas Lima 43,832 20.77
Total votes 211,007 100.0
1966 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican William E. Pollack 51,299.5 26.15
Democratic La Salle J. DeMichaels 50,608.5 25.80
Republican Elroy C. Sandquist 47,559.5 24.25
Democratic Joseph F. Fanta 46,686.5 23.80
Total votes 196,154 100.0
1962 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic James P. Loukas (incumbent) 52,546.5 27.13
Democratic Nathan J. Kaplan (incumbent) 51,684 26.68
Republican Elroy C. Sandquist (incumbent) 49,253.5 25.43
Republican Albert E. Bennett 40,208.5 20.76
Total votes 193,692.5 100.0

1960 – 1956[edit]

1960 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Elroy C. Sandquist (incumbent) 88,698 40.23
Democratic James P. Loukas (incumbent) 66,154.5 30.01
Democratic Nathan J. Kaplan (incumbent) 65,610 29.76
Total votes 220,462.5 100.0
1958 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic James P. Loukas (incumbent) 55,959.5 32.74
Democratic Nathan J. Kaplan (incumbent) 53,362 31.22
Republican Elroy C. Sandquist (incumbent) 35,303 20.65
Republican Joseph Kaplan 26,299 15.39
Total votes 170,923.5 100.0
1956 Illinois House of Representatives election[37]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic James P. Loukas (incumbent) 63,012 27.26
Democratic Nathan J. Kaplan (incumbent) 59,829.5 25.88
Republican Elroy C. Sandquist (incumbent) 56,277.5 24.34
Republican S. S. Schiller 52,057 22.52
Total votes 231,176 100.0

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ a b From 1870 to 1970, the GA met for a new session on the Wednesday after the first Monday of January.
  2. ^ a b Since 1970, the GA meets on the second Wednesday of January for a new session.

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Overview of State House District 13, Illinois (State House District)". Statistical Atlas. September 14, 2018. Retrieved December 26, 2021.
  2. ^ a b "STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP (2022): Illinois - State House District 13" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. October 12, 2022. Retrieved February 6, 2023.
  3. ^ a b "Boundaries - Community Areas (current)". City of Chicago. Retrieved March 15, 2022.
  4. ^ "Illinois blue book, 1961-1962". Illinois Digital Archives. p. 438. Retrieved April 10, 2021.
  5. ^ "Illinois blue book, 1965-1966". Illinois Digital Archives. p. 43. Retrieved April 10, 2021.
  6. ^ "Guide to Apportionment in Illinois, 1818-2001". Illinois Digital Archives. p. 84. Retrieved April 10, 2021.
  7. ^ "Guide to Apportionment in Illinois, 1818-2001". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. p. 86. Retrieved April 13, 2021.
  8. ^ a b c "2021-2022 ILLINOIS BLUE BOOK" (PDF). Office of the Illinois Secretary of State. Illinois Secretary of State. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
  9. ^ "List of members composing the Illinois state legislature, assembled at the Capitol in Springfield, Monday, January 1st, 1849". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. Retrieved March 15, 2022.
  10. ^ "List of the members composing the eighteenth General Assembly of the State of Illinois, convened in extra session, February 9, 1854". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. Retrieved March 15, 2022.
  11. ^ "List of the members composing the nineteenth General Assembly of the State of Illinois". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. Retrieved March 15, 2022.
  12. ^ "List of the members and officers, twenty-first General Assembly of the State of Illinois, Springfield, January 3, 1859". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. Retrieved March 15, 2022.
  13. ^ "Manual for the use of the twenty-fourth General Assembly of the State of Illinois. Prepared and compiled pursuant to a resolution of the House of Representatives, adopted Jan. 3, 1865". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. p. 43. Retrieved March 15, 2022.
  14. ^ "Manual of the twenty-sixth General Assembly of the State of Illinois". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. p. 54. Retrieved March 15, 2022.
  15. ^ "Rummel's Illinois hand-book and legislative manual for 1871". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. p. 185. Retrieved March 15, 2022.
  16. ^ "Rep. William E. Pollack" (PDF). The New York Times. March 17, 1968. p. 47. Retrieved December 26, 2021.
  17. ^ "STATE LEGISLATIVE DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: State House District 13 (Illinois)" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. May 18, 2013. Retrieved March 15, 2022.
  18. ^ "Illinois blue book, 2003-2004". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. p. 66. Retrieved April 22, 2021.
  19. ^ "Illinois blue book, 1993-1994". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. p. 63. Retrieved April 22, 2021.
  20. ^ "Illinois blue book, 1983-1984". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. p. 57. Retrieved April 22, 2021.
  21. ^ "Illinois blue book, 1967-1968". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. p. 320. Retrieved April 22, 2021.
  22. ^ "Illinois blue book, 1955-1956". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. p. 334. Retrieved April 22, 2021.
  23. ^ a b c d "Illinois blue book, 1903-1904". Illinois Digital Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. pp. 281–286. Retrieved April 14, 2021.
  24. ^ Campbell, R. A.; Walling, H. F.; Mitchell, Samuel Augustus (1870). Written at Chicago. "Campbell's topographical & sectional map of Randolph, Perry, and Jackson counties. (Drawn by R.A. Campbell and H.F. Walling). Entered ... 1869 by R.A. Campbell ... Pennsylvania. (1870)". David Rumsey Map Collection. Published by: S. A. Mitchell, Jr. Philadelphia: R. A. Campbell. Retrieved March 15, 2022.
  25. ^ G.W. & C.B. Colton & Co. (1872). "Maps showing the Indiana & Illinois Central Railway". David Rumsey Map Collection. New York: G.W. & C.B. Colton. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  26. ^ a b Johnson, A.J.; Colton, J.H.; McLellan & Bros., D. (1864). "Johnson's Illinois Published By Johnson and Ward". David Rumsey Map Collection. New York: Johnson and Ward. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  27. ^ Colton, G.W.; Fisher, Richard Swainson (1865). "Colton's Illinois. (inset) Vicinity of Chicago. Published By J. H. Colton. No. 172 William St. New York". David Rumsey Map Collection. New York: J.H. Colton. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  28. ^ Schonberg & Co.; Bancroft, H.H.; Goodspeed & Co. (1867). Written at New York. "Illinois. Entered ... 1864 ... New York". David Rumsey Map Collection. San Francisco: Schonberg & Co. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  29. ^ Mitchell, Samuel Augustus; Campbell, R.A.; Walling, H.F. (1870). "County map of the state of Illinois. (with) Vicinity of Springfield. Entered ... 1870 by S. Augustus Mitchell, Jr. ... Pennsylvania". David Rumsey Map Collection. Published by: S.A. Mitchell, Jr. Philadelphia: R.A. Campbell. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  30. ^ Colton, G.W. (1856). "Illinois. (with) Vicinity Of Chicago. Published By J.H. Colton & Co. No. 172 William St. New York. Entered ... 1855 by J.H. Colton & Co. ... New York. No. 44". David Rumsey Map Collection. New York: J.H. Colton. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  31. ^ Johnson, A.J. (1860). "Johnson's Illinois By Johnson & Browning. No. 40". David Rumsey Map Collection. New York: Johnson and Browning. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  32. ^ Tanner, Henry S. (January 1, 1845). "Illinois. (Written and engraved by Jos. Perkins. 1845)". David Rumsey Map Collection. New York: Tanner's Geographical Establishment. Retrieved September 7, 2021.
  33. ^ Frederick, Bourquin; Mitchell, Samuel; Tanners, Henry S. (1848). "A New Map of Illinois with its Proposed Canals, Roads & Distances from Place to Place along the Stage & Steam Boat Routes. By H.S. Tanner. Entered according to Act of Congress in the 1841 by H.S. Tanner - in the Clerk's Office of the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. 31". David Rumsey Map Collection. Philadelphia: Samuel Augustus Mitchell. Retrieved September 7, 2021.
  34. ^ Colton, J. H.; Mathewson, A. J.; Messinger, John; Peck, J. M. (1852). "New sectional map of the state of Illinois". David Rumsey Map Collection. New York: J. H. Colton & Co. Retrieved September 7, 2021.
  35. ^ Colton, G. W. (1857). "Illinois. No. 44. Published by J.H. Colton & Co., No 172 William St., New York. Entered according to the Act of Congress in the year 1855 by J.H. Colton & Co. in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York". David Rumsey Map Collection. New York: J. H. Colton. Retrieved September 7, 2021.
  36. ^ "Election Results 2022 GENERAL ELECTION". Illinois State Board of Elections. Retrieved February 6, 2023.
  37. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa "Downloadable Vote Totals". Illinois State Board of Elections. Illinois State Board of Elections. Retrieved May 10, 2021.
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