Europium(III) oxalate

Europium(III) oxalate
Names
	IUPAC names Europium(III) oxalate
	Other names Europium oxalate; Europium trioxalate;
Identifiers
CAS Number	3269-12-3 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	144739;
ECHA InfoCard	100.019.896
EC Number	221-885-1;
PubChem CID	165097;
	InChI InChI=1S/3C2H2O4.2Eu/c33-1(4)2(5)6;;/h3(H,3,4)(H,5,6);;/q;;;2*+3/p-6 Key: PVDYMOCCGHXJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-H;
	SMILES C(=O)(C(=O)[O-])[O-].C(=O)(C(=O)[O-])[O-].C(=O)(C(=O)[O-])[O-].[Eu+3].[Eu+3];
Properties
Chemical formula	Eu2(C2O4)3
Molar mass	567.985 g·mol−1 (anhydrous); 640.046 g·mol−1 (tetrahydrate); 676.077 g·mol−1 (hexahydrate); 748.138 g·mol−1 (decahydrate)
Appearance	colourless solid
Solubility in water	1,38 mg·l−1
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H314, H335
Precautionary statements	P261, P280, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P405, P501
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Europium(III) oxalate (Eu₂(C₂O₄)₃) is a chemical compound of europium and oxalic acid. There are different hydrates including the decahydrate, hexahydrate and tetrahydrate.^[1] Europium(II) oxalate is also known.^[3]

Preparation[edit]

An excess of oxalate is added to a hot solution of Eu³⁺ cations. The resulting precipitate of Eu₂(C₂O₄)₃ ⋅ 10H₂O is dried in a desiccator.^[4]

Properties[edit]

Europium(III) oxide (Eu₂O₃) can be prepared by calcining europium(III) oxalate.^[5]

The dehydration of Eu₂(C₂O₄)₃ · 10H₂O occurs below 200 °C:^[1]

{\ce {Eu2(C2O4)3*10H2O -> Eu2(C2O4)3*6H2O -> Eu2(C2O4)3*4H2O -> Eu2(C2O4)3}}

The decomposition of this compound takes place in two stages, the first at 350 °C and the second at about 620 °C.^[1]^[6]

{\ce {Eu2(C2O4)3 -> Eu2[CO3]3 + 3 CO -> Eu2O3 + 3 CO2 + 3 CO}}

In the Mössbauer spectrum, Eu₂(C₂O₄)₃ · 10H₂O shows an isomer shift of +0,26 mm/s with a line width of 2,38 mm/s, in reference to EuF₃.^[4]^[7] The Debye temperature of Eu₂(C₂O₄)₃ is 166±15 K.^[8]

Eu₂(C₂O₄)₃ · 10H₂O crystallizes monoclinically in the space group of P21/c (space group no. 14) with the lattice parameters a = 1098, b = 961, c = 1004 pm and β = 114.2° with four formula units per unit cell.^[9]

Nanoparticles show a line emission when excited by a light source of 393 nm, the transitions ⁵D₀→⁷F₁ (592 nm) and ⁵D₀→⁷F₂ (616 nm) can then be found in the spectrum. This can be used as a red phosphor for white LEDs.^[10]

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d John K. Gibson, Nathan A. Stum (1993-10-26). "Spectroscopic investigation of the thermal decomposition of europium oxalate". Thermochimica Acta. 226: 301–310. doi:10.1016/0040-6031(93)80231-X.
^ S. S. Berdonosov, D. G. Berdonosova, M. A. Prokofev, V. Ya. Lebedev (1976). "Study of europium oxalate decahydrate". Zh. Neorg. Khim.: 1184–1189.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ H. Pink (1967-09-01). "Europium(II)-oxalat". Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie. 353 (5–6): 247–249. doi:10.1002/zaac.19673530505.
^ ^a ^b Wynter, C. I.; Oliver, F. R.; Hill, Dana; Spijkerman, J. J.; Boyd-Bartlett, Y. P. (1991-08-01). "Short Communication: Mössbauer Effect ¹⁵¹Eu of in Europium Chelates". Radiochimica Acta. 55 (2): 111–112. doi:10.1524/ract.1991.55.2.111. S2CID 99690174.
^ Ginya Adachi, Nobuhito Imanaka, Zhen Chuan Kang (2004). Binary rare earth oxides. Springer Netherlands. p. 138. ISBN 978-1-4020-2568-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ A. Glasner, E. Levy, M. Steinberg (1965). "Thermogravimetric and Differentialthermoanalyse of europium(III)oxalat and unite europium(II)salzen". Chemisches Zentralblatt (17): 05296.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Wynter, C.I.; Oliver, F.W.; Davis, Alfred; Spijkerman, J.J.; Stadelmaier, H.; Wolfe, E.A. (1993). "Mössbauer effect of 151Eu in europium oxalate and fluorides". Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms. 76 (1–4): 352–353. Bibcode:1993NIMPB..76..352W. doi:10.1016/0168-583X(93)95235-W.
^ C. I. Wynter, D. H. Ryan, S. P. Taneja, L. May, F. W. Oliver, D. E. Brown, M. Iwunzie (November 2005). "Mössbauer studies of ¹⁵¹Eu in europium oxalate,europium bissalen ammonium and europium benzoate". Hyperfine Interactions. 166 (1–4): 499–503. Bibcode:2005HyInt.166..499W. doi:10.1007/s10751-006-9315-4. S2CID 95479298.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ A. Dinu, Th. Kukku, J. Monu, P. R. Biju, N. V. Unnikrishnanaand, J. Cyriac (2019). "Structural and spectroscopic investigations on thequenching free luminescence of europium oxalatenanocrystals". Acta Crystallographica Section C. 75 (5): 589–597. doi:10.1107/S2053229619005059. PMID 31062717. S2CID 146808653.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Wei Zhu, You-jin Zhang, Hong-mei He, Zhi-yong Fang (2011). "Synthesis and Luminescence Property of Hierarchical Europium Oxalate Micropaticles". Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics. 24 (1): 65–69. Bibcode:2011ChJCP..24...65Z. doi:10.1088/1674-0068/24/01/65-69.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[John-1] John K. Gibson, Nathan A. Stum (1993-10-26). "Spectroscopic investigation of the thermal decomposition of europium oxalate". Thermochimica Acta. 226: 301–310. doi:10.1016/0040-6031(93)80231-X.

[Berdonosov-2] S. S. Berdonosov, D. G. Berdonosova, M. A. Prokofev, V. Ya. Lebedev (1976). "Study of europium oxalate decahydrate". Zh. Neorg. Khim.: 1184–1189.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[Pink-3] H. Pink (1967-09-01). "Europium(II)-oxalat". Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie. 353 (5–6): 247–249. doi:10.1002/zaac.19673530505.

[Wynter-4] Wynter, C. I.; Oliver, F. R.; Hill, Dana; Spijkerman, J. J.; Boyd-Bartlett, Y. P. (1991-08-01). "Short Communication: Mössbauer Effect ¹⁵¹Eu of in Europium Chelates". Radiochimica Acta. 55 (2): 111–112. doi:10.1524/ract.1991.55.2.111. S2CID 99690174.

[binary-5] Ginya Adachi, Nobuhito Imanaka, Zhen Chuan Kang (2004). Binary rare earth oxides. Springer Netherlands. p. 138. ISBN 978-1-4020-2568-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[Glasner-6] A. Glasner, E. Levy, M. Steinberg (1965). "Thermogravimetric and Differentialthermoanalyse of europium(III)oxalat and unite europium(II)salzen". Chemisches Zentralblatt (17): 05296.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[Wynther2-7] Wynter, C.I.; Oliver, F.W.; Davis, Alfred; Spijkerman, J.J.; Stadelmaier, H.; Wolfe, E.A. (1993). "Mössbauer effect of 151Eu in europium oxalate and fluorides". Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms. 76 (1–4): 352–353. Bibcode:1993NIMPB..76..352W. doi:10.1016/0168-583X(93)95235-W.

[Wynter3-8] C. I. Wynter, D. H. Ryan, S. P. Taneja, L. May, F. W. Oliver, D. E. Brown, M. Iwunzie (November 2005). "Mössbauer studies of ¹⁵¹Eu in europium oxalate,europium bissalen ammonium and europium benzoate". Hyperfine Interactions. 166 (1–4): 499–503. Bibcode:2005HyInt.166..499W. doi:10.1007/s10751-006-9315-4. S2CID 95479298.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[Dinu-9] A. Dinu, Th. Kukku, J. Monu, P. R. Biju, N. V. Unnikrishnanaand, J. Cyriac (2019). "Structural and spectroscopic investigations on thequenching free luminescence of europium oxalatenanocrystals". Acta Crystallographica Section C. 75 (5): 589–597. doi:10.1107/S2053229619005059. PMID 31062717. S2CID 146808653.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[Zhu-10] Wei Zhu, You-jin Zhang, Hong-mei He, Zhi-yong Fang (2011). "Synthesis and Luminescence Property of Hierarchical Europium Oxalate Micropaticles". Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics. 24 (1): 65–69. Bibcode:2011ChJCP..24...65Z. doi:10.1088/1674-0068/24/01/65-69.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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