Draft:Amalgamations with Christchurch City

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Black Map prepared in 1850, showing Christchurch's original boundaries

Christchurch became the first city in New Zealand by royal charter on 31 July 1856.[1] In 1862, the Christchurch City Council was established as a town board, which became the Christchurch City Council in 1868.[2][3] The original boundaries of Christchurch were based on the survey plan by Edward Jollie known as the Black Map: North Belt (now Bealey Avenue), East Belt (now Fitzgerald Avenue), South Belt (now Moorhouse Avenue), Deans Avenue, and the northern boundary of Little Hagley Park. This area is identical with what is now regarded as the Christchurch Central City.[4]

Background[edit]

For the local authorities involved, Christchurch City Council was the driving force for amalgamations, whilst surrounding authorities were mostly resisting the city council's approaches. In the 1890s, the city council was aiming for amalgamation to achieve more control and extend the city's tram network. There was a desire to introduce a high-pressure water supply. It was felt that the locations of the abattoirs needed rationalising and a better system of inspection introduced.[5] Dairies, which supply the city with milk, are all located outside of the Christchurch City boundary and do not get proper supervision.[6] Sewage disposal also needed to become more effective and land drainage reviewed. The surrounding authorities feared loss of independence, freedom, and power. There was also fear that amalgamation would be financially disadvantageous as the city was regarded as frequently overspending its budgets.[5] In 1890, the wider city was seen as over-governed, with 30 to 40 elected members doing the work that could be done by 12 to 15 of them after amalgamation. There were also savings to be had through collectively employing fewer council staff. It cost about NZ£3,165 to run the city, Sydenham, St Albans, and Linwood per annum, with annual cost after amalgamation estimated at NZ£2,550.[6]

History of amalgamations[edit]

1890[edit]

1864 map of the Avon Road Board, with the three rural sections 33, 41, and 197 making up the south-western corner of ward number three

Christchurch City Council organised a conference in early 1890 to discuss amalgamation. Representatives were present from the boroughs of Sydenham and St Albans, and the road boards of Avon, Heathcote, Spreydon and Riccarton, and the Linwood Town Board.[7] Richmond, which formed a ward of the Avon Road Board,[8] was subsequently the first area to join Christchurch City.[7] The governor, the 4th Earl of Onslow, issued a proclamation on 5 June 1890 that Richmond Ward was to be incorporated into Christchurch City. The area was made up of parts of three original rural sections of Christchurch: all of sections number 33 and 41, and part of section 197.[9] The mayor of Christchurch, Samuel Manning, pointed out later that month that the boundaries of the newly amalgamated area were not described correctly in the governor's proclamation.[10] The error was rectified and the Richmond ward became part of Christchurch City on 1 August 1890.[11] The Richmond ward was to be represented by three councillors, first elected at the 11 September 1890 local elections.[12] Four candidates put their names forward, but one withdrew, and David Barns, David Cochrane, and George Swann were declared elected.[13][14]

1962[edit]

By the early 1960s, Heathcote County was made up of three ridings: Cashmere, Hillsborough, and Heathcote Valley.[15]

The 400 acres (160 ha) Cannon Estate on St. Andrews Hill was subdivided in the 1961–62.[16][17]

Caption text
Area Date Notes Ref
Richmond 1 August 1890 Split off from the Avon Road District Morrison, page 121
Borough of St Albans, Borough of Linwood, Borough of Sydenham 1 April 1903 Based on a poll in these boroughs and Christchurch City; residents in all four areas supported amalgamation Morrison, pages 122–123
Beckenham, Fisherton Estate 1 April 1907 these were suburbs; no idea to which local authority they had belonged Morrison, page 124[18][19]
North Richmond 1914 suburb Morrison, page 124
Opawa, North Linwood 1916 suburbs Morrison, page 124
Avonside, St Martins 1917 suburbs Morrison, page 124
Borough of Woolston, Borough of Spreydon 1921 Morrison, page 124
Bromley, Papanui 1923 suburbs Morrison, page 124
Borough of New Brighton, Huntsbury 1 April 1941 the latter as a suburb Morrison, page 124[20]
Borough of Sumner, McCormacks Bay, Hillsborough 1 April 1945 the latter two were suburbs [21]
Halswell 1 April 1955 parts of Halswell joins the city; the remainder (i.e. Halswell County) joins with Paparua County in 1968 [22][23]
Mt Pleasant Valley, Cannon estate 1 April 1962 [24]
Borough of Riccarton, Heathcote County, Paparua County, Waimairi District, Eyre County 1989 As part of the 1989 New Zealand local government reforms; Paparua was split between Christchurch City and Selwyn District, Eyre was split between Christchurch City and Waimakariri District [25]
Banks Peninsula District 6 March 2006 The residents of Banks Peninsula District confirmed their support for amalgamation in a vote in November 2005. [26][27]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Rice 2008, p. 26.
  2. ^ Rice 2008, p. 25.
  3. ^ "Council History: Chronology", Christchurch City Council, archived from the original on 16 December 2023, retrieved 22 April 2024
  4. ^ Rice 2008, p. 23.
  5. ^ a b Morrison 1948, pp. 120–122.
  6. ^ a b "Union of the city and suburbs". Lyttelton Times. Vol. LXXIII, no. 9029. 15 February 1890. p. 5. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
  7. ^ a b Morrison 1948, p. 121.
  8. ^ "Road Board: Avon". The Press. Vol. XLVI, no. 7371. 25 July 1889. p. 6. Retrieved 4 May 2024.
  9. ^ "Richmond Ward". The Star. No. 6874. 9 June 1890. p. 2. Retrieved 4 May 2024.
  10. ^ "City Council". Lyttelton Times. Vol. LXXIII, no. 9137. 24 June 1890. p. 6. Retrieved 4 May 2024.
  11. ^ "Local and general". The Star. No. 6895. 3 July 1890. p. 3. Retrieved 4 May 2024.
  12. ^ "Christchurch City Council: Annual elections of councillors". Lyttelton Times. Vol. LXXIV, no. 9193. 28 August 1890. p. 7. Retrieved 4 May 2024.
  13. ^ "Christchurch". The Star. No. 6949. 4 September 1890. p. 3. Retrieved 4 May 2024.
  14. ^ "Town and country". Lyttelton Times. Vol. LXXIV, no. 9204. 10 September 1890. p. 4. Retrieved 4 May 2024.
  15. ^ "Heathcote Council". The Press. Vol. C, no. 29680. 25 November 1961. p. 14. Retrieved 8 May 2024.
  16. ^ "Cannon Estate subdivision, St. Andrews Hill [cartographic material]". National Library of New Zealand. Retrieved 8 May 2024.
  17. ^ "Convalescent Home Proposed". The Press. Vol. C, no. 29602. 26 August 1961. p. 15. Retrieved 8 May 2024.
  18. ^ "City Council: Last night's meeting". Lyttelton Times. 9 April 1907 – via Papers Past.
  19. ^ "Town and Country". Lyttelton Times. 8 April 1907 – via Papers Past.
  20. ^ "Christchurch: a chronology". Christchurch City Libraries. Retrieved 25 April 2024.
  21. ^ "Christchurch: a chronology". Christchurch City Libraries. Retrieved 25 April 2024.
  22. ^ "Christchurch: a chronology". Christchurch City Libraries. Retrieved 25 April 2024.
  23. ^ "Christchurch: a chronology". Christchurch City Libraries. Retrieved 25 April 2024.
  24. ^ "Christchurch: a chronology". Christchurch City Libraries. Retrieved 25 April 2024.
  25. ^ "Christchurch: a chronology". Christchurch City Libraries. Retrieved 25 April 2024.
  26. ^ "Banks Peninsula residents want to join Christchurch". The New Zealand Herald. 19 November 2005. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
  27. ^ "City Scene — Merger: 'Business as usual'". Christchurch City Council. March 2006. Retrieved 26 April 2024.

References[edit]

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