Aboriginal Shire of Palm Island

Coordinates: 18°44′12″S 146°34′53″E / 18.73667°S 146.58139°E / -18.73667; 146.58139
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Aboriginal Shire of Palm Island
Queensland
Location within Queensland
Population2,098 (2021 census)[1]
 • Density30.274/km2 (78.41/sq mi)
Established1986
Area69.3 km2 (26.8 sq mi)[2]
MayorMislam Sam
Council seatPalm Island
RegionNorth Queensland
State electorate(s)Townsville
Federal division(s)Herbert
WebsiteAboriginal Shire of Palm Island
LGAs around Aboriginal Shire of Palm Island:
Coral Sea Coral Sea Coral Sea
Hinchinbrook Aboriginal Shire of Palm Island Coral Sea
Coral Sea Coral Sea Coral Sea

The Aboriginal Shire of Palm Island is a special local government area of Queensland, Australia, managed by the Palm Island Aboriginal Shire Council under a Deed of Grant in Trust granted to the community on 27 October 1986. The local council was previously the Palm Island Community Council, which had far fewer powers. The shire is located on the Palm Island group, off the north Queensland coast near the city of Townsville.

Ten of the twelve Islands in the Greater Palm Island Group come under the control of the Shire – Palm Island, Fantome Island, Curacoa Island, Havannah Island, Brisk Island, Esk Island, Falcon Island, Eclipse Island, Barber Island, Fly Island – plus a few rocks (Dido Rock, Hayman Rock, Chilcott Rocks, Paluma Rock), but neither Orpheus Island nor Pelorus Island, are within its borders,[3][4][5] and Albino Rock belongs to Orpheus Island National Park.[6][2]

At the local government elections on 28 March 2020,[7] a new mayor, Mislam Sam, was elected.[8][9]

History[edit]

The path to self-governance[edit]

After the Land Act (Aboriginal and Islander Land Grants) Amendment Act 1982[10] had established a system for granting a Deed of Grant in Trust (DOGIT) rather than land title to Indigenous councils, the Community Services (Aborigines) Act 1984 (Qld) was effected in order to transfer land currently under the administration of the Queensland Government to locally elected Aboriginal councils,[11] giving Aboriginal councils powers and responsibilities similar to other local governments in Queensland.[12]

On 30 March 1985, the Palm Island Aboriginal Council, with five councillors elected by the community, was established.[12] Under the Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders (Land Holding) Act 1985,[13] Palm Island was among the first DOGITs received. It meant that the new autonomous Council would hold a perpetual lease over the former Aboriginal reserve lands on Great Palm Island and the ten surrounding islands of the group.[11]

The council area was transferred on 27 October 1986 to the trusteeship of the council under a DOGIT.[12]

Self-appointed "president" of Palm Island, Jeremy Geia, symbolically declared independence from Australia in 2001. The "Peoples Democratic Republic of Palm Island" was an expression of grievances against the Australian and Queensland Governments for neglect of Palm Islanders.[14]

The Palm Island Council received qualified audits for the financial years 1999–2000, 2002–03 and 2003–04, and unqualified audits for 2000–01 and 2001–02. In October 2003 the council was dissolved and an administrator was appointed until the March 2004 election. This occurred due to a range of governance and financial management issues, including: insolvency, financial mismanagement, poor records and decision-making processes, and a failure to deliver major infrastructure projects.[15] In addition, according to the Palm Island Select Committee, the local government elections of 1997, 2000, and 2004 demonstrated a lack of continuity in office-bearers, a relatively small number of voters combined with a large number of candidates, and a trend in some families for a number of relatives to stand for election.[15]

Lex Wotton, who would later go on to lead the 2004 Palm Island riots, had resigned in June 2003 after becoming dissatisfied with the council's practices.[16]

At the conclusion of the administrator's term, a handover report was presented to the newly elected Council, which included: allocation of specific portfolios for Councillors and the establishment of committee structures to ensure functional decision-making, appointment of a financial controller for 12 months and the engagement of a Human Resource Management consultant.[15]

2005: Council becomes a shire[edit]

On 1 January 2005, under the Local Government (Community Government Areas) Act 2004 (Qld) (the "CGA"), the Palm Island Aboriginal Council became the Palm Island Aboriginal Shire Council, on a par with other local councils in Queensland.[12] This reconstitution into a Shire Council formed part of the Meeting Challenges, Making Choices strategy developed in response to the Cape York Justice Study undertaken by Justice Fitzgerald QC in November 2001.[17]

Delena Foster became Mayor on 16 December 2006, taking over from Erykah Kyle. She had previously been chairwoman of the Community Council from 2001 to 2003,[18] and had stood as an Independent candidate for the electoral district of Townsville in the 2004 election.[19]

The structure of the Aboriginal Shire Council (or Community Council as it was previously) was criticised in the 2000 Dillon Report for the following reasons:[20]

  • Comparatively broad responsibility: it holds responsibility for policy portfolios which go far beyond what is expected of other Local Government Authorities, such as being the trustee of the DOGIT land, the provision of housing infrastructure, previously the running of the canteen and currently the running of the general store, law and justice, health, maintenance of culture and language, etc. The council is designed under the model of a mainstream Local Government Authority which structurally does not provide the latitude to address those functions which are not normally expected of mainstream Councils.
  • Culturally inappropriate decision making: The Organisation is not designed to deal with cultural issues or complex social problems; the normal Indigenous decision-making processes and protocols such as consultation and input from family groupings are not structurally accommodated.
  • Unrealistic local expectations: It is of concern that even greater expectations are put on the Community Council by their own constituents. The council is seen to have responsibility for all the community's needs and issues, ignoring the legislative limitations of the council, the complexity of issues impacting on the community, the impact of past and present governments' policies and the skill level of respective Councillors. This leads to Palm Island Councillors having far higher expectations put on them than mainstream Councillors and deflects responsibility away from Government Agencies, which could lead to Councillors considering that their role was a do 'what-ever' was required to meet the diverse needs of residents.
  • Red tape: The council is overburdened with accountability and reporting requirements which detract from the role of consulting with constituents over their needs and aspirations and strategies to address them.

Functions[edit]

The Shire's core business is the provision of housing. It conducted an audit of its houses and the people living in them in 2007, finding found that 120 new homes were needed. However, the Council primarily relies on income from rent and Government subsidies and can only afford to build one or two new houses a year.[5]

2020 financial troubles[edit]

Before the March 2020 Council elections, two former council finance staff had charges of fraud laid against them by the Crime and Corruption Commission, and the state government brought in financial and governance advisers. In July 2020 it was found that the council had an operational deficit of about A$7 million out of a total budget of A$24.5 million. It was feared that plans for a new shopping precinct, due to deliver much-needed business and job opportunities, would be affected.[21]

Demographics[edit]

In the 2016 census, the shire had a population of 2,446 people of whom 2,298 (94.1%) self-identified as an Indigenous person.[22]

In the 2021 census, the shire had a population of 2,098 people of whom 1,918 (94.1%) self-identified as an Indigenous person.[1]

Libraries[edit]

The Palm Island Shire Council operate the Bwgcolman Indigenous Knowledge Centre at 1 Main Street, Palm Island.[23]

Council[edit]

Palm Island Shire Council
Type
Type
Leadership
Mayor
Mislam Sam, Independent
Deputy Mayor
Andrea Kyle-Sailor, Independent
Structure
Seats5 elected representatives, including a Mayor and 4 councillors
Political groups
  • Majority:
  •   Independent (5)
Elections
Last election
28 March 2020
Next election
16 March 2024

The Palm Island Shire Council is a fully non-partisan council, with no elected councillors declaring membership of any political parties.

Below is the current council, elected in 2020:[24]

Name Notes
Andrew Castors
Deniece Geia
Derek Haines
Andrea Kyle-Sailor Deputy Mayor
Mislam Sam Mayor

Chairmen and mayors[edit]

  • 2005 – December 2006: Erykah Kyle[18]
  • December 2006 – 2008: Delena Foster[18]
  • 2008 - April 2020: Alfred Lacey Snr[25][26][27][28]
  • April 2020 – present: Mislam Zacchias Sam[9][29]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Palm Island". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 26 January 2024. Edit this at Wikidata
  2. ^ a b "Queensland Globe". State of Queensland. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
  3. ^ "About the profile areas - Hinchinbrook (S)". .idcommunity (Far North Queensland Regional Organisation of Councils). 11 April 2017. Archived from the original on 4 March 2020. Retrieved 4 March 2020.
  4. ^ "2015 Local Government Boundaries: Palm Island Aboriginal Shire Council" (map). Electoral Commission of Queensland. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2020. Retrieved 4 March 2020.
  5. ^ a b Townsend, Ian (1 April 2007). "Privatising Palm Island". Background Briefing. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 28 April 2007. Retrieved 3 April 2007.
  6. ^ "Localities of Orpheus Island and Pelorus Island, Shire of Hinchinbrook" (PDF). Queensland Government. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 September 2011. Retrieved 2011-07-31.
  7. ^ "Local government elections". Queensland Government. Dept of Local Government, Racing and Multicultural Affairs. Archived from the original on 19 May 2020. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  8. ^ "Remote and discrete communities elect local government voices". The Queensland Cabinet and Ministerial Directory. 29 April 2020. Retrieved 28 May 2020.
  9. ^ a b Council. "Elected Council". Palm Island Aboriginal Shire. Archived from the original on 9 March 2020. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  10. ^ "View - Queensland Government". Queensland Legislation. 23 April 1982. Archived from the original on 28 February 2020. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
  11. ^ a b Watson, Joanne (2010). Palm Island: Through a Long Lens (illustrated ed.). Aboriginal Studies Press. pp. 136–137. ISBN 9780855757038. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
  12. ^ a b c d "Palm Island". Queensland Government. 26 November 2014. Archived from the original on 23 February 2020. Retrieved 24 February 2020.
  13. ^ "View - Queensland Government". Queensland Legislation. April 1985. Archived from the original on 28 February 2020. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
  14. ^ "Aboriginal community announces independence". ABC Online. 15 November 2001. Archived from the original on 6 February 2007. Retrieved 31 January 2007.
  15. ^ a b c Palm Island Select Committee (August 2005). Report – August 2005 (PDF). pp. 15–16. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 September 2007.
  16. ^ Lineham, Sheree (19 July 2003). "Palm council 'failure'". Townsville Bulletin. News: 7.
  17. ^ McDougall, Scott (January 2006). Palm Island: Future Directions – Resource Officer Report (PDF). Brisbane, Queensland: Queensland Department of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Policy. p. 27. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 July 2007.
  18. ^ a b c "Palm Island elects new mayor". ABC Online. 17 December 2006. Archived from the original on 17 June 2008. Retrieved 31 January 2007.
  19. ^ "Reynolds returned". Magnetic Times. 8 February 2004. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 20 November 2007.
  20. ^ Dillon, Colin (April 2000). "3.1 Review Findings – Governance". Final Report – Review of the Indigenous Communities of Doomadgee and Palm Island. Phillip, A.C.T. : ATSIC. Review commissioned by the then Australian Minister for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs, Senator John Herron March 1998. pp. 18–27.
  21. ^ Wainwright, Sofie (31 July 2020). "Palm Island Council has no cash reserves and can't complete projects, CEO says". ABC News. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 9 August 2020. Retrieved 6 August 2020.
  22. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Palm Island (S)". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 26 January 2024. Edit this at Wikidata
  23. ^ "Palm Island (Bwgcolman Indigenous Knowledge Center)". Public Libraries Connect. State Library of Queensland. 6 January 2017. Archived from the original on 3 February 2018. Retrieved 2 February 2018.
  24. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 14 December 2023. Retrieved 14 December 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  25. ^ "2008 Palm Island Aboriginal Shire Council - Mayoral Election - Election Summary". results.ecq.qld.gov.au. Archived from the original on 7 April 2019. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
  26. ^ "2012 Palm Island Aboriginal Shire Council - Mayoral Election - Election Summary". results.ecq.qld.gov.au. Archived from the original on 5 April 2018. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
  27. ^ "2016 Palm Island Aboriginal Shire Council - Mayoral Election - Election Summary". results.ecq.qld.gov.au. Archived from the original on 27 March 2018. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
  28. ^ Council. "Elected Council". Palm Island Aboriginal Shire. Archived from the original on 9 March 2020.
  29. ^ "2020 Local Government Elections: Saturday, 28 March 2020". Electoral Commission of Queensland. 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2020.[dead link]

External links[edit]

18°44′12″S 146°34′53″E / 18.73667°S 146.58139°E / -18.73667; 146.58139

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