Jump to content

Chen discography

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Chen discography
Chen performing at the Lotte Family Concert, in June 2018
EPs5
Singles8
Promotional singles1
Soundtrack appearances9
Music videos7

The discography of the South Korean singer and songwriter Chen consists of five extended plays, eight singles (including two as featured artist), one promotional single and nine appearances in soundtracks.

In April 2016, Chen and rapper Heize released "Lil' Something (썸타)", a song produced by Ryu Jae-hyun member of Vibe, as the ninth weekly single of SM Entertainment's Station music project.[1] In October 2016, he collaborated with DJ Alesso on another song for the Station project titled "Years".[2][3] In January 2017, Chen collaborated with Dynamic Duo in a song titled "Nosedive", becoming the first artist to be featured in the group's collaboration project "Mixxxture".[4] In November 2017, Chen collaborated with South Korean singer 10cm on a song titled "Bye Babe" for the second season of SM Entertainment's Station project.[5]

Chen released his first extended play, titled April, and a Flower on April 1, 2019.[6] The standard EP version sold more than 185,000 copies in South Korea in its first month of release.[7]

Extended plays[edit]

Korean extended plays[edit]

List of Korean extended plays, with selected chart positions and sales
Title EP details Peak chart positions Sales
KOR
[8]
JPN
[9]
JPN
Hot

[10]
UK
Dig.

[11]
US
Heat

[12]
US
Indie

[13]
US
World

[14]
April, and a Flower 2 51 34 92 7 33 3
Dear My Dear
  • Released: October 1, 2019
  • Label: SM Entertainment
  • Formats: CD, digital download, streaming, SMC
1 36 31 7
Last Scene
  • Released: November 14, 2022
  • Label: SM Entertainment
  • Formats: CD, digital download, streaming, SMC
1 22
Door
  • Released: May 28, 2024
  • Label: INB100
  • Formats: CD, digital download, streaming
4 98
"—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that region.

Japanese extended plays[edit]

List of Japanese extended plays, with selected chart positions and sales
Title EP details Peak chart positions Sales
JPN
[9]
JPN
Hot

[10]
Polaris (ポラリス)
  • Released: August 17, 2023
  • Label: Avex Trax
  • Formats: CD, digital download, streaming, LP
Track listing
  1. "Break Out"
  2. "Free World"
  3. "On the Road"
  4. "Mirage of Flower"
  5. "My Sunshine"
  6. "Light of My Life"
6 6

Singles[edit]

As lead artist[edit]

Korean singles[edit]

List of Korean singles, with selected chart positions, showing year released and album name
Title Year Peak chart positions Album
KOR
Circle

[24]
KOR
Songs

[A][25]
"Beautiful Goodbye" (사월이 지나면 우리 헤어져요) 2019 4 2 April, and a Flower
"Shall We?" (우리 어떻게 할까요?) 12 14 Dear My Dear
"Hello" (안녕) 2020 [B] Non-album single
"Last Scene" (사라지고 있어) 2022 [C] Last Scene
"Empty" (빈 집) 2024 [D] Door
"—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that region.

Japanese singles[edit]

List of Japanese singles, showing year released and album name
Title Year Album
"Break Out" 2023 Polaris
"Free World"
"On the Road"
"Mirage of Flower"

As featured artist[edit]

List of collaborations, with selected chart positions, showing year released and album name
Title Year Peak chart positions Album
KOR
[31]
"May We Bye" (오월의 어느 봄날)
(Onestar featuring Chen)[32]
2019 80 Non-album single
"Love"
(Ailee featuring Chen)[33]
168 Butterfly

Promotional singles[edit]

List of promotional singles, with selected chart positions, showing year released, sales and album name
Title Year Peak chart positions Sales Album
KOR
[34]
"Though I Loved You" (사랑했지만) 2015 33 2015 Gayo Daejun Limited Edition[36]

Collaborations[edit]

List of collaborative singles, with selected chart positions, showing year released, sales and album name
Title Year Peak chart positions Sales Album
KOR
Circle

[37]
KOR
Songs

[A][38]
US
World

[39]
"Lil' Something" (썸타)
(with Vibe X Heize)
2016 12 17 SM Station Season 1
"Years"
(with Alesso)
[E] 20
"Nosedive" (기다렸다 가)
(with Dynamic Duo)
2017 2 Mixxxture Project Vol.1
"Bye Babe"
(with 10cm)
28 48 24 SM Station Season 2
"You" (혼자)
(with Dynamic Duo)
2020 105 77 SM Station Season 4
"—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that region.
Note: K-pop Hot 100 was introduced in August 2011, discontinued in July 2014 and was re-established on December 30, 2017.

Soundtrack appearances[edit]

List of soundtrack singles, with selected chart positions, showing year released, sales and album name
Title Year Peak chart positions Sales Album
KOR
Circle

[45]
KOR
Songs

[A][46]
US
World

[47]
"Best Luck" (최고의 행운) 2014 9 It's Okay, That's Love OST Part 1[49]
"Everytime"
(with Punch)
2016 1 14 Descendants of the Sun OST Part 2[51]
"If I Love Again" (다시 사랑한다면)
(with Chanyeol)
38 Two Yoo Project – Sugar Man OST Part 32[53]
"Beautiful Accident" (美好的意外)
(with Suho)
Beautiful Accident OST[54]
"For You" (너를 위해)
(with Baekhyun X Xiumin)
5 9 Moon Lovers: Scarlet Heart Ryeo OST Part 1[56]
"I'm Not Okay" (안녕 못해) 2017 21 Missing 9 OST[58]
"Cherry Blossom Love Song" (벚꽃연가) 2018 21 26 100 Days My Prince OST Part 3[59]
"Make It Count" 2019 75 74 Touch Your Heart OST Part 1[60]
"Rainfall" Chief of Staff OST[61]
"Beautiful" (아름다워) 87 Heart 4 U OST
"Your Moonlight" (너의 달빛) 2020 152 Do You Like Brahms? OST Part 3
"An Unfamiliar Day" (낯선 하루) 2022 Doctor Lawyer OST Part 2
"Heaven for You" The First Responders OST Part 3
"The Way to Love Myself" 2024 Doctor Slump OST Part 3
"—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that region.

Other appearances[edit]

List of other singles, with selected chart positions, showing year released, sales and album name
Title Year Peak chart positions Sales Album
KOR
Circle

[62]
KOR
Songs

[A][63]
"Dear My Family"
(as part of SM Town)
2012 I AM. OST
"A Day Without You" (하루)
(with Jonghyun, as part of SM the Ballad)
2014 8 21 SM the Ballad Vol. 2 – Breath
"When I Was... When U Were..." (좋았던 건, 아팠던 건)
(with Krystal, as part of SM the Ballad)
31 44
"Breath" (呼吸)
(with Zhang Liyin, as part of SM the Ballad)
68
"Up Rising" Exology Chapter 1: The Lost Planet
"Dear My Family" (2017 ver.)
(as part of SM Town)
2017 38 SM Station Season 2
"—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that region.

Other charted songs[edit]

List of other charted songs, with selected chart positions, showing year released and album name
Title Year Peak chart positions Album
KOR
Circle

[68]
KOR
Songs

[A][69]
"Flower" (꽃) 2019 47 16 April, and a Flower
"Sorry Not Sorry" (하고 싶던 말) 77 19
"Love Words" (사랑의 말) 82 21
"I'll Be There" (먼저 가 있을게) 85 22
"Portrait of You" (널 그리다) 91 23
"Hold You Tight" (널 안지 않을 수 있어야지) 74 46 Dear My Dear
"My Dear" (그대에게) 86 61
"Amaranth" (고운 그대는 시들지 않으리) 90 62
"You Never Know" (그댄 모르죠) 94 65
"Good Night" (잘 자요) 98 69

Songwriting[edit]

Indicates single release
Song Year Album Artist Lyrics
Credited With
"I Don't Even Mind" 2022 Last Scene Chen Yes
"Beautiful" 2019 Heart for U OST Chen Yes
"Bye Babe" 2017 SM Station Season 2 Chen, 10cm Yes
"My Dear"
(그대에게)
2019 Dear My Dear Chen Kim Je-hwi
"Flower" 2019 April, and a Flower Yes JQ
"Love Shot" 2018 Love Shot EXO Jo Yoon-kyung, Park Chan-yeol
"Ko Ko Bop"
(Korean version)
2017 The War Yes
"Touch It"
(너의 손짓)
Yes Jo Yoon-kyung
"Lights Out" Universe Yes
"She's Dreaming"
(梦)
2016 Lotto Wang Ya-jun
"She's Dreaming"
(꿈)
Yes
"Promise (EXO 2014)"
(約定)
2015 Love Me Right Yes Zhang Yixing
"Promise (EXO 2014)"
(약속)
Yes
  • Park Chan-yeol
  • Zhang Yixing

Music videos[edit]

As lead artist
Title Year Other Artist(s) Notes Ref.
"Lil' Something" 2016 With Vibe and Heize [70]
"Years" With Alesso [71]
"Nosedive" 2017 With Dynamic Duo [72]
"Bye Babe" With 10cm Live performance [73]
"Beautiful Goodbye" 2019 [74]
"Flower" [75]
"Shall We?" [76]
"Hello" 2020
As featured artist
Title Year Artist(s) Notes Ref.
"May We Bye" 2019 Onestar Live performance [77]
Videos of soundtracks
Title Year Other artist(s) Notes Ref.
"The Best Luck" 2014 [78]
"Everytime" 2016 With Punch Containing only scenes of Descendants of the Sun [79]
"Beautiful Accident" With Suho For the soundtrack to the movie Beautiful Accident [80]
"For You" With Baekhyun and Xiumin Containing only scenes of Moon Lovers
Appearances in music videos
Title Year Artist(s) Notes
"No.1" 2014 BoA Remake for EXO 90:2014
"Can You Feel It?" 2015 Super Junior-D&E
Other appearances
Title Year Artist(s) Notes Ref.
"Dear My Family" 2012 Various As part of SM Town [81]
"Breath" 2014 Zhang Liyin As part of SM the Ballad
"Imagine" 2016 Various As part of UNICEF [82]
"Dear My Family" 2017 As part of SM Town
Live performance
[83]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e Includes the Billboard K-pop Hot 100 (defunct as of 2022), and South Korea Songs (part of Billboard's Hits of the World (2022 onwards)).
  2. ^ "Hello" did not enter the Gaon Digital Chart, but peaked at number 39 and 90 on the Gaon BGM Chart and the Gaon Download Chart, respectively.[26][27]
  3. ^ "Last Scene" did not enter the Circle Digital Chart, but peaked at number 21 and 27 on the Circle BGM Chart and the Circle Download Chart, respectively.[28][29]
  4. ^ "Empty" did not enter the Circle Digital Chart, but peaked at number 48 on the Circle Download Chart.[30]
  5. ^ "Years (Chinese Version)" did not enter the Gaon Digital Chart, but reached number 94 on the Gaon International Digital Chart.[41]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Kim Ji-young (April 5, 2016). "EXO's Chen to collaborate with Heize". Kpop Herald. Archived from the original on September 12, 2017. Retrieved September 12, 2017.
  2. ^ "[POP스포]엑소 첸XDJ 알레소, 10월 7일 콜라보 'Years' 발표(공식)". Archived from the original on August 15, 2023. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
  3. ^ "엑소 첸, 스웨덴 유명 DJ 알레소와 콜라보…7일 음원 발표". October 4, 2016. Archived from the original on June 21, 2020. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
  4. ^ "Dynamic Duo Teams Up With EXO's Chen on 'Nosedive'". Billboard. Archived from the original on January 26, 2017. Retrieved January 24, 2017.
  5. ^ "EXO's Chen Joins Forces With 10cm for Performance of 'Bye Babe': Watch". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 7, 2018. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  6. ^ Angela Patricia Suacillo (March 20, 2019). "EXO's Chen To Bloom In April Through A Solo Album". Hellokpop. Archived from the original on November 2, 2023. Retrieved March 19, 2019.
  7. ^ "2019년 04월 Album Chart – see #5". Gaon Music Chart (in Korean). Archived from the original on December 1, 2019. Retrieved May 9, 2019.
  8. ^ "Gaon Digital Chart". Gaon Music Chart (in Korean). Korea Music Content Industry Association. Archived from the original on May 5, 2016. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  9. ^ a b Oricon Albums Chart:
  10. ^ a b Billboard Japan Hot Albums:
  11. ^ UK Digital Albums Charts:
  12. ^ "Chen Chart History: Heatseekers Albums". Billboard. Archived from the original on November 18, 2021. Retrieved December 10, 2021.
  13. ^ "Chen Chart History: Independent Albums". Billboard. Archived from the original on November 17, 2021. Retrieved December 10, 2021.
  14. ^ "Chen Chart History: World Albums". Billboard. Archived from the original on November 18, 2021. Retrieved December 10, 2021.
  15. ^ April, and a Flower sales (Kihno + CD)
  16. ^ "Oricon Weekly Albums Chart". April 23, 2019. Archived from the original on June 6, 2024. Retrieved April 24, 2019.
  17. ^ Benjamin, Jeff (April 10, 2019). "EXO's Chen Goes Top 10 on World & Heatseeker Albums Charts With Solo Debut". Billboard. Archived from the original on April 17, 2019. Retrieved April 10, 2019.
  18. ^ Dear My Dear sales (Kihno + CD)
  19. ^ "Oricon Weekly Chart" (in Korean). October 15, 2019. Archived from the original on June 6, 2024. Retrieved October 18, 2019.
  20. ^ Cumulative sales of Last Scene on Circle Chart:
  21. ^ オリコン週間 アルバムランキング 2022年12月21日~2022年12月27日 [Oricon Weekly Album Ranking November 21, 2022 – November 27, 2022] (in Japanese). Oricon. Archived from the original on November 30, 2022. Retrieved November 30, 2022.
  22. ^ Cumulative sales of Door on Circle Chart: "Circle Album Chart — 2024 Weeks 22". Circle Chart (in Korean). Archived from the original on June 6, 2024. Retrieved June 6, 2024.
  23. ^ Accumulated Sales of Polaris:
  24. ^ Peak chart positions for singles as lead artist on Circle Digital Chart (formerly Gaon Digital Chart):
    • "Lil' Something". April 10–16, 2016. Archived from the original on May 7, 2016. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
    • "Nosedive". January 22–28, 2017. Archived from the original on September 9, 2017. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
    • "Bye Babe". November 5–11, 2017. Archived from the original on November 16, 2017. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
    • "Beautiful Goodbye". April 6, 2019. Archived from the original on February 26, 2020. Retrieved April 11, 2019.
    • "Shall We?". October 5, 2019. Archived from the original on June 4, 2020. Retrieved October 10, 2019.
  25. ^ Peak chart positions on Billboard's K-pop Hot 100:
  26. ^ 2020년 42주차 BGM Chart [Week 42 of 2021 BGM Chart]. Gaon Music Chart (in Korean). October 11–17, 2020. Archived from the original on February 19, 2021. Retrieved February 10, 2022.
  27. ^ 2020년 42주차 Download Chart [Week 42 of 2021 Download Chart]. Gaon Music Chart (in Korean). October 11–17, 2020. Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved February 10, 2022.
  28. ^ "BGM Chart 2022 Week 47". Circle Chart (in Korean). November 13–19, 2022. Archived from the original on December 25, 2022. Retrieved November 24, 2022.
  29. ^ "Download Chart 2022 Week 47". Circle Chart (in Korean). November 13–19, 2022. Archived from the original on November 4, 2022. Retrieved November 24, 2022.
  30. ^ "Download Chart 2022 Week 22". Circle Chart. Retrieved June 6, 2024.
  31. ^ Peak chart positions for singles as featured artist on Circle Digital Chart (formerly Gaon Digital Chart):
    • "Love". July 6, 2019. Archived from the original on October 16, 2019. Retrieved July 11, 2019.
  32. ^ 오월의 어느 봄날 (in Korean). Naver Music. May 13, 2019. Archived from the original on June 6, 2024. Retrieved May 14, 2019.
  33. ^ "Ailee Will Team Up With EXO's Chen For "LOVE" And Everyone Is Already Calling It "Legendary"". HelloKpop. June 26, 2019. Archived from the original on November 2, 2021. Retrieved July 2, 2019.
  34. ^ Peak chart positions for promotional singles on Circle Digital Chart (formerly Gaon Digital Chart):
  35. ^ "2016년 01주차 Download Chart (see #18)". Gaon Music Chart (in Korean). Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  36. ^ 2015 가요대전 Limited Edition
  37. ^ Peak chart positions for collaborative singles on Circle Digital Chart (formerly Gaon Digital Chart):
    • "Lil' Something". April 10–16, 2016. Archived from the original on May 7, 2016. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
    • "Nosedive". January 22–28, 2017. Archived from the original on September 9, 2017. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
    • "Bye Babe". November 5–11, 2017. Archived from the original on November 16, 2017. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
    • "Beautiful Goodbye". April 6, 2019. Archived from the original on February 26, 2020. Retrieved April 11, 2019.
    • "You". February 1, 2020. Archived from the original on June 6, 2024. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
  38. ^ Peak positions on the Billboard K-Pop 100:
    • "Bye Babe". Billboard. November 19, 2017. Archived from the original on December 14, 2017. Retrieved July 25, 2022.
    • "You". Billboard. January 25, 2020. Archived from the original on October 6, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2022.
  39. ^ "Chen Chart History: World Digital Song Sales". Billboard. Archived from the original on August 13, 2023. Retrieved December 10, 2021.
  40. ^ Cumulative sales for "Lil' Something":
  41. ^ "Years (Chinese Version)". October 2–8, 2016. Archived from the original on August 4, 2021. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  42. ^ "2016년 41주차 Download Chart (see #82)". Gaon Music Chart (in Korean). Archived from the original on October 19, 2016. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  43. ^ Cumulative sales for "Nosedive"
  44. ^ "2017년 11월 Download Chart (see #34)". Gaon Music Chart (in Korean). Archived from the original on September 2, 2019. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  45. ^ Peak chart positions for soundtrack appearances on Circle Digital Chart (formerly Gaon Digital Chart):
  46. ^ Peak positions on the Billboard K-Pop 100:
  47. ^ "Chen Chart History: World Digital Song Sales". Billboard. Archived from the original on August 13, 2023. Retrieved December 10, 2021.
  48. ^ Cumulative sales for "Best Luck"
  49. ^ "괜찮아 사랑이야 OST Part 1" (in Korean). Naver Music. July 23, 2014. Archived from the original on October 14, 2017. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  50. ^ Cumulative sales for "Everytime"
  51. ^ "태양의 후예 OST Part 2" (in Korean). Naver Music. February 25, 2016. Archived from the original on June 17, 2017. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  52. ^ Cumulative sales for "If I Love Again":
  53. ^ "투유 프로젝트 – 슈가맨 Part 32" (in Korean). Naver Music. May 25, 2016. Archived from the original on October 13, 2017. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  54. ^ "Beautiful Accident (美好的意外) OST" (in Korean). Naver Music. May 30, 2017. Archived from the original on July 26, 2017. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  55. ^ Cumulative sales for "For You":
  56. ^ "달의 연인 – 보보경심 려 OST Part 1" (in Korean). Naver Music. August 25, 2016. Archived from the original on October 14, 2017. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  57. ^ Cumulative sales for "I'm Not Okay":
  58. ^ "안녕 못해 – 미씽나인 OST" (in Korean). Naver Music. February 16, 2017. Archived from the original on October 14, 2017. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  59. ^ "백일의 낭군님 OST Part 3" (in Korean). Naver Music. October 16, 2018. Archived from the original on June 22, 2020. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  60. ^ "진심이 닿다 OST Part 1" (in Korean). Naver Music. February 8, 2019. Archived from the original on June 6, 2024. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  61. ^ "엑소 첸×김재환, JTBC '보좌관' OST 라인업 합류" (in Korean). June 10, 2019. Archived from the original on August 13, 2023. Retrieved June 10, 2019.
  62. ^ Peak chart positions for other appearances on Circle Digital Chart (formerly Gaon Digital Chart):
  63. ^ Peak positions on the Billboard K-Pop 100:
  64. ^ "2014년 02월 Download Chart (see #42)". Gaon Music Chart (in Korean). Archived from the original on June 5, 2019. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  65. ^ "2014년 02월 Download Chart (see #77)". Gaon Music Chart (in Korean). Archived from the original on June 5, 2019. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  66. ^ "2014년 08주차 Download Chart (see #70)". Gaon Music Chart (in Korean). Archived from the original on November 24, 2016. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  67. ^ "2015년 01주차 Download Chart (see #70)". Gaon Music Chart (in Korean). Archived from the original on February 5, 2015. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  68. ^ Peak chart positions for other charted songs on Circle Digital Chart (formerly Gaon Digital Chart):
  69. ^ Peak positions on the Billboard K-Pop 100:
  70. ^ "Rapper Heize To Drop Solo Track After "Lil' Something" With EXO's Chen". HelloKpop. April 8, 2016. Archived from the original on August 13, 2023. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  71. ^ Nerisha Penrose (October 10, 2016). "Alesso Recruits K-Pop Group EXO's Singer Chen For 'Years'". Billboard. Archived from the original on April 13, 2019. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  72. ^ '1위' 다듀 "첸과 콜라보 뿌듯..우리도 힐링되는 기분" (in Korean). Sports Chosun. January 24, 2017. Archived from the original on August 14, 2023. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  73. ^ Tamar Herman (March 11, 2017). "EXO's Chen Joins Forces With 10cm for Performance of 'Bye Babe'". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 7, 2018. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  74. ^ Tamar Herman (March 31, 2019). "EXO's Chen Sings a 'Beautiful Goodbye' In Poignant New Music Video". Billboard. Archived from the original on April 13, 2019. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  75. ^ SMTOWN (March 31, 2019), [눈으로 듣는 노래] CHEN 첸 '꽃 (Flower)', archived from the original on August 13, 2023, retrieved March 31, 2021
  76. ^ SMTOWN (September 30, 2019), CHEN 첸 '우리 어떻게 할까요 (Shall we?)' MV, archived from the original on September 30, 2019, retrieved March 31, 2021
  77. ^ D. Kim (May 10, 2019). "Lim Han Byul And EXO's Chen Are Ballad Kings In "May We Bye" Live Performance Video". Soompi. Archived from the original on August 13, 2023. Retrieved May 14, 2019.
  78. ^ Stone Music Entertainment (July 28, 2014), [괜찮아 사랑이야 OST Part 1] 첸 (CHEN) (EXO) – 최고의 행운 (Best Luck) MV, archived from the original on September 24, 2023, retrieved March 31, 2021
  79. ^ MUSIC&NEW 뮤직앤뉴 (February 24, 2016), [MV] CHEN(첸)XPunch(펀치) – Everytime l 태양의 후예 OST Part.2, archived from the original on August 22, 2023, retrieved March 31, 2021
  80. ^ SMTOWN (May 30, 2017), SUHO X CHEN_Beautiful Accident (From Movie '美好的意外')_Music Video, archived from the original on August 13, 2023, retrieved March 31, 2021
  81. ^ SMTOWN (April 24, 2012), I AM. OST_Dear My Family_Music Video, archived from the original on March 15, 2016, retrieved March 31, 2021
  82. ^ Universal Music India (January 4, 2015), Imagine (UNICEF: World Version), archived from the original on February 24, 2020, retrieved March 31, 2021
  83. ^ SMTOWN (December 29, 2017), [STATION] SMTOWN 'Dear My Family (Live Concert Ver.)' MV, archived from the original on September 6, 2022, retrieved March 31, 2021

External links[edit]