Portal:Ethiopia

Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
የኢትዮጵያ ፌደራላዊ ዴሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ (Amharic)
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia የኢትዮጵያ ፌደራላዊ ዴሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ (Amharic)
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	Anthem: ; ወደፊት ገስግሺ ፣ ውድ እናት ኢትዮጵያ; (English: "March Forward, Dear Mother Ethiopia");
ISO 3166 code	ET

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Ethiopia, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country located in the Horn of Africa region of East Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the north, Djibouti to the northeast, Somalia to the Northeast, East and Southeast, Kenya to the South, South Sudan to the West, and Sudan to the Northwest. Ethiopia covers a land area of 1,112,000 square kilometres (472,000 sq. miles). , it is home to around 128 million inhabitants, making it the 13th-most populous country in the world, the 2nd-most populous in Africa after Nigeria, and the most populated landlocked country on Earth. The national capital and largest city, Addis Ababa, lies several kilometres west of the East African Rift that splits the country into the African and Somali tectonic plates.

Anatomically modern humans emerged from modern-day Ethiopia and set out for the Near East and elsewhere in the Middle Paleolithic period. Southwestern Ethiopia has been proposed as a possible homeland of the Afroasiatic language family. In 980 BC, the Kingdom of D'mt extended its realm over Eritrea and the northern region of Ethiopia, while the Kingdom of Aksum maintained a unified civilization in the region for 900 years. Christianity was embraced by the kingdom in 330, and Islam arrived by the first Hijra in 615. After the collapse of Aksum in 960, the Zagwe dynasty ruled the north-central parts of Ethiopia until being overthrown by Yekuno Amlak in 1270, inaugurating the Ethiopian Empire and the Solomonic dynasty, claimed descent from the biblical Solomon and Queen of Sheba under their son Menelik I. By the 14th century, the empire had grown in prestige through territorial expansion and fighting against adjacent territories; most notably, the Ethiopian–Adal War (1529–1543) contributed to fragmentation of the empire, which ultimately fell under a decentralization known as Zemene Mesafint in the mid-18th century. Emperor Tewodros II ended Zemene Mesafint at the beginning of his reign in 1855, marking the reunification and modernization of Ethiopia. (Full article...)

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KMG Ethiopia, also known as Kembatti Mentti Gezzima-Tope (Kembatta Women Standing Together), is an indigenous non-governmental charitable organization based in Kembata, Ethiopia, dedicated to protecting women's rights, fostering women's health and supporting the environment. Founded in 1997 by sisters Bogaletch and Fikirte Gebre, the organization has expanded across the nation.

KMG Ethiopia works to foster change through social revolution and practical assistance, rather than through legislation. 2013's Making Citizens in Africa: Ethnicity, Gender, and National Identity in Ethiopia describes the work of KMG as "groundbreaking and culturally respectful", demonstrating "that reform for women and girls must be inclusive of women and men, it must include traditional power structures, and it will be most successful when it also integrates with anti-poverty and development initiatives." The organization has successfully deployed the "community conversations" technique pioneered by AIDS activist Moustapha Gueye to foster social change in a number of key areas related to the wellbeing of women and girls, including combating female genital mutilation and bridal abduction, and has assisted the Ethiopian government nationally with HIV prevention initiatives. It also works towards providing health care, including creating the Mother and Child Health Centre in Durame, and building schools. It has initiatives engineered at improving life through the environment by providing potable water, sustainable electricity and planting trees. (Full article...)

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Lij Seifu Mikael (Amharic: ልጅ ሰይፉ ሚካኤል, Säyfu Mikāēl, also Sayfu Mikael, Seifu Michael; 14 January 1898 – 23 September 1958) was an Ethiopian noble, member of the Solomonic dynasty, belonging to the aristocratic Amhara family from Ankober Shewa. He was the grandson of Dejazmatch Mekuria Tesfaye of Menz, a prominent general, a cousin of Emperor Menelik II of Ethiopia, and grandson of King Sahle Selassie of Shewa. Lij Seifu, a public figure, was educated in Paris at the Sorbonne. He was one of the first few earlier members of the royalty who started paying salaries to their household servants advocating freedom of slaves and an avid supporter of Ras Tafari in his bid to become an emperor of Ethiopia. He served as Ethiopia's minister to France and Germany while he lived in Europe in the 1910s, Ethiopia's Consul General to Eritrea from 1921 to 1925 and Governor of several districts till the eve of the fascist invasion of Ethiopia.

During the time Ethiopia was preparing for the war against Mussolini's invasion of Ethiopia, Lij Seifu's company that sold ammunition and weapons to the Ethiopian Empire supplied the majority of rifles and ammunition to the government and the private armies of the nobility without payment to defend the sovereignty of his nation. After Ethiopia's independence from fascist occupation, he was appointed by the emperor to modernize and manage the government's most lucrative business establishments like the coffee plantations in Arsi and Harerge. He also served as chief administrator of the Ethiopia Orthodox Church overseeing the establishment of the Church's real estate interests to bolster the Church's income and modernize the secular administration of the Church. As one of the wealthiest Ethiopians of the time, some of the real estate establishments of the Church were personally funded from his private funds. (Full article...)

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The following are images from various Ethiopia-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Addis Ababa seen at nighttime, the financial epicenter of the country (from Ethiopia)
Image 2The Church of Saint George, Lalibela a pilgrimage site for Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church; the site is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site "Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela". (from Ethiopia)
Image 3House of Peoples' Representatives is the lower house of the Ethiopian Federal Parliamentary Assembly (from Ethiopia)
Image 4Sheger Park is the largest park in the country, hosting hundreds of thousands of visitors a year since its opening (from Ethiopia)
Image 5An Ethiopian logistics shipping cargo docked at the Red Sea (from Ethiopia)
Image 6Giyorgis of Segla, prolific religious author in the Late Middle Ages (from Ethiopia)
Image 7Map of regions and zones of Ethiopia (from Ethiopia)
Image 8Köppen climate classification of Ethiopia (from Ethiopia)
Image 9Ethiopian civil conflict: territorial control as of September 2023 (from Ethiopia)
Image 10Emperor Haile Selassie I with U.S. President Roosevelt during the end World War II (from Ethiopia)
Image 11Former Prime Minister Meles Zenawi with the 44th U.S. President Barack Obama (from Ethiopia)
Image 12The Empire of Axum at its peak in the 6th century. (from Ethiopia)
Image 13Entrance of Addis Ababa University (from Ethiopia)
Image 14Declining child mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa and Ethiopia since 1950 (from Ethiopia)
Image 15A Walia Ibex in Simien Mountains National Park, one of the national symbols of Ethiopia only found in the Northern parts of the country (from Ethiopia)
Image 16The Blue Nile falls during winter provides over 86 percent of the Nile river's water coming from melted snow in the Simien mountains below 0. (from Ethiopia)
Image 17The Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation former headquarters in Addis Ababa (from Ethiopia)
Image 18The Axumite stelae in the northern part of Ethiopia, dating well over a thousand years, serve as a remembrance of Ethiopia's past architecture. (from Ethiopia)
Image 19Relief map of Ethiopia (from Ethiopia)
Image 20The Ethiopian Empire under Emperor Amda Seyon I (from Ethiopia)
Image 21Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed with Russian President Vladimir Putin in 2023 (from Ethiopia)
Image 22Abebe Bikila, Ethiopia's first Olympic gold medalist (from Ethiopia)
Image 23A Homo sapiens idaltu hominid skull (from Ethiopia)
Image 24The Addis Ababa Science Museum of Art and Science serves as the country's biggest hub which showcases the country's newest innovations (from Ethiopia)
Image 25Yared in a piece of 15th century Ethiopian sacred art holding a mequamia (prayer stick) (from Ethiopia)
Image 26An Orthodox bible dated at least 1,500 years, being the oldest illustrated bible in the world, depicts Corinthian pillars (from Ethiopia)
Image 27Ethiopian troops sent by the government under the Emperor Haile Selassie I during the Korean War fighting for South Korean independence (from Ethiopia)
Image 28Cultural performance in Addis Ababa (from Ethiopia)
Image 29Fasil Ghebbi, one of the key castles of the Gondarine period. (from Ethiopia)
Image 30Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) training under AMISOM, 2021 (from Ethiopia)
Image 31Emperor Tewodros II (r. 1855–1868) brought an end to Zemene Mesafint (from Ethiopia)
Image 32Ethiopian Prime Minister Meles Zenawi (bottom row, fourth from left) in G8 Group meeting in 2007 (from Ethiopia)
Image 33This meal consisting of injera and several kinds of wat (stew) is typical of Ethiopian cuisine. (from Ethiopia)
Image 34Development of GDP per capita (from Ethiopia)
Image 35Aksumite currency of the Aksumite king Endubis, 227–35, at the British Museum. (from Ethiopia)
Image 36Mengistu Haile Mariam was sentenced to death in absentia for committing crimes during his rule (from Ethiopia)
Image 37Tsegaye Gebre-Medhin in 1980s one of Ethiopia's renowned writers (from Ethiopia)

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Selected pictures

Image 1

Saint George (died 23 April 303) was a soldier of Cappadocian Greek origin. A member of Roman emperor Diocletian's Praetorian Guard, he was sentenced to death for refusing to recant his Christian faith. He is immortalised in the legend of Saint George and the Dragon and his feast day is celebrated on 23 April. Saint George is claimed as their patron saint by England, Ethiopia, Georgia, Catalonia and several other nation states, as well as by various cities, universities, professions and organisations.

Painting credit: Carlo Crivelli
Image 2

The black-chested snake eagle (Circaetus pectoralis) is a large African bird of prey in the family Accipitridae. It resembles other snake eagles and was formerly considered conspecific with the short-toed and Beaudouin's snake eagles, to which it is closely related. As well as feeding on snakes, which may be swallowed while still alive, it feeds on lizards, small mammals, frogs and insects. It typically perches in an elevated position ready to swoop silently to capture its prey, before returning to its perch to eat.

Photo credit: Charles J. Sharp
Image 3

The black-headed lapwing (Vanellus tectus tectus) is a resident breeder located across sub-Saharan Africa, living in locations ranging from Senegal to Ethiopia.

Photo credit: Charles J. Sharp
Image 4

The plains zebra (Equus quagga, subspecies Grant's zebra pictured) is the most common and geographically widespread species of zebra. It ranges from the south of Ethiopia through East Africa to as far south as Angola and eastern South Africa. The plains zebra is mid-sized, smaller on average than the other two zebra species, and thick-bodied with relatively short legs. Adults of both sexes can stand from 1.1 to 1.47 m (3.6 to 4.8 ft) high at the shoulder, are 2 to 2.5 m (6.6 to 8.2 ft) long (excluding the tail), and weigh 175 to 387 kg (386 to 853 lb), with males slightly heavier than females.

Photo credit: Muhammad Mahdi Karim
Image 5

Haile Selassie I was Ethiopia's regent from 1916 to 1930 and Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974. The heir to a dynasty that traced its origins to the 13th century, and from there by tradition back to King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba, he is a defining figure in both Ethiopian and African history. Selassie is revered as the religious symbol for God incarnate among the Rastafari movement, whose name comes from Ras (literally "Head," an Ethiopian title equivalent to Duke), and Tafari Makonnen, Selassie's pre-coronation name.

Photo credit: American Colony, Jerusalem

Did you know - load new batch

... that medieval Ethiopian kings claimed to be descended from Solomon?
... that Quintin Johnstone advocated giving control of an American-governed law school to native Ethiopians?
... that Aguil Chut-Deng took 22 child refugees from South Sudan to Ethiopia during civil war so that they could attend school?
... that the government of Ethiopia's SNNP Region supported local governments calling for a referendum to secede from the region?
... that Liberian paramount chief Tamba Taylor worked as a tailor and claimed to have sewn clothes for Ethiopian emperor Haile Selassie and Ghanaian president Kwame Nkrumah?
... that Tsadkan Gebretensae, one of the top commanders of Tigray forces in the conflict against the Ethiopian government, previously served as chief of staff of the Ethiopian National Defense Force?