Portal:Chile
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The Chile Portal
Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes Mountains and the Pacific Ocean. With an area of 756,102 square kilometers (291,933 sq mi) and a population of 17.5 million as of 2017, Chile shares borders with Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage to the south. The country also controls several Pacific islands, including Juan Fernández, Isla Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas, and Easter Island, and claims about 1,250,000 square kilometers (480,000 sq mi) of Antarctica as the Chilean Antarctic Territory. The capital and largest city of Chile is Santiago, and the national language is Spanish.
Spain conquered and colonized the region in the mid-16th century, replacing Inca rule, but failed to conquer the independent Mapuche people who inhabited what is now south-central Chile. Chile emerged as a relatively stable authoritarian republic in the 1830s after their 1818 declaration of independence from Spain. During the 19th century, Chile experienced significant economic and territorial growth, putting an end to Mapuche resistance in the 1880s and gaining its current northern territory in the War of the Pacific (1879–83) by defeating Peru and Bolivia. In the 20th century, up until the 1970s, Chile underwent a process of democratization and experienced rapid population growth and urbanization, while relying increasingly on exports from copper mining to support its economy. During the 1960s and 1970s, the country was marked by severe left-right political polarization and turmoil, which culminated in the 1973 Chilean coup d'état that overthrew Salvador Allende's democratically elected left-wing government. This was followed by a 16-year right-wing military dictatorship under Augusto Pinochet, which resulted in more than 3,000 deaths or disappearances. The regime ended in 1990, following a referendum in 1988, and was succeeded by a center-left coalition, which ruled until 2010.
Chile has a high-income economy and is one of the most economically and socially stable nations in South America, leading Latin America in competitiveness, per capita income, globalization, peace, and economic freedom. Chile also performs well in the region in terms of sustainability of the state and democratic development, and boasts the second lowest homicide rate in the Americas, following only Canada. Chile is a founding member of the United Nations, the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC), and the Pacific Alliance, and joined the OECD in 2010. (Full article...)
San Pedro is a Holocene composite volcano in northern Chile and at 6,155 metres (20,194 ft) in elevation one of the highest active volcanoes in the world. Part of the Chilean Andes' volcanic segment, it is part of the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes, one of the four tracts of the Andean Volcanic Belt. This region of volcanism includes the world's two highest volcanoes Ojos del Salado and Llullaillaco. San Pedro, like other Andean volcanoes, was formed by the subduction of the Nazca Plate beneath the South America Plate. It has a neighbouring volcano, San Pablo, and is itself formed by two separate edifices usually known as the Old Cone and the Young Cone. These edifices are formed by rocks ranging from basaltic andesite over andesite to dacite and are emplaced on a basement formed by Miocene volcanic rocks.
The Old Cone was active over one hundred thousand years ago and was eventually truncated by a giant landslide that removed its northwestern side. Within the landslide scar lava flows and pyroclastic flows constructed the Young Cone as well as the lateral centre La Poruña. This volcano was glaciated during the Pleistocene and a large Plinian eruption occurred at the beginning of the Holocene. Some eruptions reportedly occurred during historical time; presently the volcano is fumarolically active. (Full article...)Selected biography -
Pedro Gutiérrez de Valdivia or Valdiva (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpeðɾo ðe βalˈdiβja]; April 17, 1497 – December 25, 1553) was a Spanish conquistador and the first royal governor of Chile. After serving with the Spanish army in Italy and Flanders, he was sent to South America in 1534, where he served as lieutenant under Francisco Pizarro in Peru, acting as his second in command.
In 1540, Valdivia led an expedition of 150 Spaniards into Chile, where he defeated a large force of indigenous warriors and founded Santiago in 1541. He extended Spanish rule south to the Biobío River in 1546, fought again in Peru (1546–1548), and returned to Chile as governor in 1549. He began to colonize Chile south of the Biobío and founded Concepción in 1550. He was captured and killed during a campaign against the Mapuche. The city of Valdivia in Chile is named after him. (Full article...)Selected article -
The Valech Report, officially known as The National Commission on Political Imprisonment and Torture Report, documents instances of abuses committed in Chile between 1973 and 1990 by agents of Augusto Pinochet's military regime. Published on November 29, 2004, the report presents the findings of a six-month investigation. A revised version was subsequently released on June 1, 2005. In February 2010, the commission was reopened for a period of eighteen months, during which additional cases were examined.
According to the commission's findings, a total of 38,254 individuals were imprisoned for political reasons, with a majority of them subjected to torture. In addition to the cases documented in the earlier Rettig Report, the commission also revealed that thirty individuals had either disappeared or been executed. (Full article...)General images
Did you know (auto generated)
- ... that Peruvian foreign minister Manuel María Gálvez Egúsquiza was arrested by Chilean troops for refusing to sign peace with the cession of territory during the War of the Pacific?
- ... that Salar de Pajonales in Chile has been used as an analogue for environments on Mars?
- ... that Daniela Ceballos worked with the Football Federation of Chile to supervise safety protocols during the COVID-19 pandemic while playing football herself?
- ... that Salar de Pedernales in Chile features dark slope streaks resembling dark slope streaks on Mars?
- ... that the Chile Ridge has a slab window?
- ... that the Peruvian Civil Guard officer Mariano Santos Mateo was nicknamed the Brave Man of Tarapacá because he captured a banner of a Chilean military unit during the Battle of Tarapacá?
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Recognized content
This is a list of recognized content, updated weekly by JL-Bot (talk · contribs) (typically on Saturdays). There is no need to edit the list yourself. If an article is missing from the list, make sure it is tagged (e.g. {{WikiProject Chile}}) or categorized correctly and wait for the next update. See WP:RECOG for configuration options. |
Featured articles
- Chilean battleship Almirante Latorre
- Almirante Latorre-class battleship
- Cerro Azul (Chile volcano)
- Calabozos
- El Tatio
- Chilean cruiser Esmeralda (1883)
- Guallatiri
- Laguna del Maule (volcano)
- Mothers of the Disappeared
- Ojos del Salado
- Pali-Aike volcanic field
- Pisco sour
- South American dreadnought race
- Taapaca
Good articles
- 2010 Pichilemu earthquakes
- 2018 Santiago ePrix
- Agustín Ross Cultural Centre
- Angata
- Los Ángeles Negros
- Apacheta-Aguilucho volcanic complex
- Argentine–Chilean naval arms race
- Atamu Tekena
- Orlando Bosch
- Lorenza Böttner
- Sara Braun
- Monte Burney
- Battle of Caldera Bay
- Felipe Camiroaga
- Chilean battleship Capitán Prat
- Carménère
- José María Caro Martínez
- Chile at the 2014 Winter Paralympics
- Coat of arms of Pichilemu
- Dutch expedition to Valdivia
- El Laco
- Milton Friedman
- Fueguino
- Mount Hudson
- Irruputuncu
- Laguna Miscanti
- Laguna del Negro Francisco
- Lascar (volcano)
- Lastarria
- Lazufre
- Licancabur
- Licancabur Lake
- Llullaillaco
- Nevado de Longaví
- Manuel Foster Observatory
- Monturaqui
- Irene Morales
- John Thomas North
- Obligation to Negotiate Access to the Pacific Ocean
- Olca-Paruma
- USS Oneota (1864)
- La Pacana
- Parinacota (volcano)
- Patio 29
- Pichilemu
- Colegio de la Preciosa Sangre de Pichilemu
- Salar de Punta Negra
- Reclus (volcano)
- Murders of María José Reyes and Juan Duarte
- Sammis Reyes
- Riro Kāinga
- Sairecabur
- Salar Ignorado
- San Pedro (Chile volcano)
- Socompa
- Sollipulli
- Tacora
- Tilocálar
- Nevado Tres Cruces
- Tupungatito
- Tuyajto Lake
Featured pictures
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360-degree Panorama of the Southern Sky edit
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A 360 degree panorama of a unique cloudscape over La Silla
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Culpeo MC
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FCAB EMD GT22CU-3 San Pedro - Ascotan
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Laguna Miñiques, Chile, 2016-02-08, DD 33-38 PAN
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Laser Towards Milky Ways Centre
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Miscanti Lagoon near San Pedro de Atacama Chile Luca Galuzzi 2006
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Moai Rano raraku
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SQM GE 289A Boxcab Carmelita - Reverso
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Volcán San Pedro, Chile, 2016-02-09, DD 18
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Vortex-street-1
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