Barhath Kriparam Khidiya
Kripa Ram Khidiya | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1743 |
| Died | 1833 |
| Occupation | Rajasthani poet |
| Notable work | 'Rajiya Ra Soratha', 'Rajiya Ra Doha' |
Barhath Kripa Ram Ji Khidiya (1743–1833) was a famous Rajasthani poet of the 18th century. He is known for his soratha (and duha) on ethics (नीति) called 'Rajiya Ra Soratha' and 'Rajiya Ra Doha'. In addition to his ethical writings, the poet's other works are concerned with devotion to God and heroism.[1]
Biography[edit]
Kriparam was born to Jagramdas Khidiya in 1743 in the village of Jasuri (Nagaur). His father Jagramdas was a Dingala poet-scholar originally from Kharadi (Pali). Zalim Singh Mertiya of Kuchaman honored Jagramdas and granted Jasuri in sasan where Kriparam was born. Kriparam had two brothers; namely Jaduram and Manohardas.[2] Their mother Aijan Kanwar committed sati at Jagteshpura (Parbatsar) in 1750 CE (VS 1807). Kriparam received his education at Jaipur. He was a scholar of Dingala, Sanskrit, and Pingala.[3]
At the beginning, Kriparam stayed at Kuchaman from where he moved to Sikar and served in the court of Devi Singh and his successor Laxman Singh. Devi Singh of Sikar honored him and granted sasan land in Maharajpura in 1790 CE (VS 1847 Margashirsha Vadi 13).[4] Laxman Singh of Sikar presented him the sasan of Laxmanpura and Badkasni in 1801 CE (VS 1858 Ashadha Vadi 3). He was greatly respected at Sikar court and bestowed with the title of 'Rājya Śrī'.[3]
Laxmanpura became home to Kriparam's second son Kishnaji and the village came to be known as 'Kriparam ki Dhani'.[1][5]
Works[edit]
The poet's published works include Kavitta Chalairaya ra, Sat Rut Varnan, assorted writings on the Gita, as well as Rajiya ra Soratha (a collection of 140 verses, edited by Jagdishsinha Gahalote, Hindi Sahitya Mandir, Jodhpur, 1934) and Rajiya ra Duha (a collection of 165 verses, edited by Narottamdas Swami, Bikaner). [1]
Besides these, he is also known to have authored Alankara Grantha, Chalakaneci, Chalakaraya Nataka, among others, but these are not available anymore.[1]
Rajiya ra Duha (and Soratha)[edit]
However, the poet's enduring fame rests on his collection of verses known as Rajiya ra Soratha or Duha. The poet immortalized his personal attendant, Rajiya, in these didactic verses, written in the Soratha metre. The verses are expressed in simple language, drawing on the poet's experience of public life and the multifarious aspects of ethics. They have gained immense popularity among the masses as ethical sayings and maxims appropriate to various occasions, providing moral guidance based on experience rather than traditional ethical texts.[1] These were first published in 1894.[6]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d e Datta, Amaresh (1987). Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: A-Devo. Sahitya Akademi. ISBN 978-81-260-1803-1.
- ^ Śekhāvata, Raghunāthasiṃha (1998). Shekhawati Pradesh ka rajnitik itihas (in Hindi). Ṭhā. Mallūsiṃha Smr̥ti Granthāgāra.
- ^ a b Cāraṇa baḍī amolaka cīja (in Hindi). Cāraṇa Sāhitya Śodha Saṃsthāna. 1989.
- ^ Ārya, Haraphūlasiṃha (1987). Śekhāvāṭī ke ṭhikānoṃ kā itihāsa evaṃ yogadāna (in Hindi). Pañcaśīla Prakāśana. ISBN 978-81-7056-029-6.
- ^ बारहट, कृपाराम जी (19 September 2015). "राजिया रा दूहा – कृपाराम जी बारहट (खिड़िया)". Charans.org (चारण समागम). Retrieved 27 April 2023.
- ^ Das, Sisir Kumar (2005). A History of Indian Literature. Sahitya Akademi. ISBN 978-81-7201-006-5.