Portal:1970s

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P:1970s

The 1970s (pronounced "nineteen-seventies"; commonly shortened to the "Seventies" or the "'70s") was a decade that began on January 1, 1970, and ended on December 31, 1979.

In the 21st century, historians have increasingly portrayed the 1970s as a "pivot of change" in world history, focusing especially on the economic upheavals^[1] that followed the end of the postwar economic boom.^[2] On a global scale, it was characterized by frequent coups, domestic conflicts and civil wars, and various political upheavals and armed conflicts which arose from or were related to decolonization, and the global struggle between NATO, the Warsaw Pact, and the Non-Aligned Movement. Many regions had periods of high-intensity conflict, notably Southeast Asia, the Mideast, and Africa.

In the Western world, social progressive values that began in the 1960s, such as increasing political awareness and economic liberty of women, continued to grow. In the United Kingdom, the 1979 election resulted in the victory of its Conservative leader Margaret Thatcher, the first female British Prime Minister. Industrialized countries experienced an economic recession due to an oil crisis caused by oil embargoes by the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries. The crisis saw the first instance of stagflation which began a political and economic trend of the replacement of Keynesian economic theory with neoliberal economic theory, with the first neoliberal government coming to power with the 1973 Chilean coup d'état. The 1970s was also an era of great technological and scientific advances; since the appearance of the first commercial microprocessor, the Intel 4004 in 1971, the decade was characterised by a profound transformation of computing units – by then rudimentary, spacious machines – into the realm of portability and home accessibility.

On the other hand, there were also great advances in fields such as physics, which saw the consolidation of quantum field theory at the end of the decade, mainly thanks to the confirmation of the existence of quarks and the detection of the first gauge bosons in addition to the photon, the Z boson and the gluon, part of what was christened in 1975 as the Standard Model.

In Asia, the People's Republic of China's international relations changed significantly following its recognition by the United Nations, the death of Mao Zedong and the beginning of market liberalization by Mao's successors. Despite facing an oil crisis due to the OPEC embargo, the economy of Japan witnessed a large boom in this period, overtaking the economy of West Germany to become the second-largest in the world.^[3] The United States withdrew its military forces from the Vietnam War. In 1979, the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan, which led to the Soviet–Afghan War.

The 1970s saw an initial increase in violence in the Middle East as Egypt and Syria declared war on Israel, but in the late 1970s, the situation in the Middle East was fundamentally altered when Egypt signed the Egyptian–Israeli Peace Treaty. Political tensions in Iran exploded with the Iranian Revolution in 1979, which overthrew the Pahlavi dynasty and established an Islamic republic under the leadership of Ayatollah Khomeini.

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Star Trek: The Motion Picture is a 1979 American science fiction film directed by Robert Wise. The Motion Picture is based on and stars the cast of the 1966–1969 television series Star Trek created by Gene Roddenberry, who serves as producer. In the film, set in the 2270s, a mysterious and powerful alien cloud known as V'Ger approaches Earth, destroying everything in its path. Admiral James T. Kirk (William Shatner) assumes command of the recently refitted Starship Enterprise to lead it on a mission to determine V'Ger's origins and save the planet.

When Star Trek was canceled in 1969, Roddenberry lobbied Paramount Pictures to continue the franchise through a feature film. The success of the series in syndication convinced the studio to begin work on the film in 1975. A series of writers and scripts did not satisfy Paramount, and they scrapped the film project. Instead, Paramount planned on returning the franchise to its roots, with a new television series titled Star Trek: Phase II. The box office success of other science fiction films convinced the studio a Star Trek feature could do well, so the studio canceled production of Phase II and resumed production on a feature film. (Full article...)

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... that more than 30,000 cars were being towed annually by the 1970s to accommodate snow removal efforts in Montreal?
... that in addition to creating milkshake products, Keventers Milkshake was also a major supplier of various milk products to the Indian Army for several decades up until the 1970s?
... that thousands of Greenlandic women and girls had intrauterine devices placed without their consent during the 1960s and 1970s?
... that Zdzisław Najmrodzki, a thief in 1970s–1980s Poland, escaped from law-enforcement authorities and prisons on 29 occasions?
... that in the 1970s, Coors Brewing Company owned Television News Inc., which provided newsfilm to North American TV stations?
... that the Fighting Vanguard waged a guerrilla war against the Syrian government in the 1970s and 1980s?

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Official portrait, 1977

Walter Frederick "Fritz" Mondale (January 5, 1928 – April 19, 2021) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 42nd vice president of the United States from 1977 to 1981 under President Jimmy Carter. A U.S. senator from Minnesota from 1964 to 1976, he was the Democratic Party's nominee in the 1984 presidential election, but lost to incumbent Ronald Reagan in an Electoral College and popular vote landslide.

Mondale was born in Ceylon, Minnesota, and graduated from the University of Minnesota in 1951 after attending Macalester College. He then served in the U.S. Army during the Korean War before earning a law degree in 1956. He married Joan Adams in 1955. Working as a lawyer in Minneapolis, Mondale was appointed Minnesota Attorney General in 1960 by Governor Orville Freeman and was elected to a full term as attorney general in 1962 with 60% of the vote. He was appointed to the U.S. Senate by Governor Karl Rolvaag upon the resignation of Senator Hubert Humphrey following Humphrey's election as vice president in 1964. Mondale was elected to a full Senate term in 1966 and reelected in 1972, resigning in 1976 as he prepared to succeed to the vice presidency in 1977. While in the Senate, he supported consumer protection, fair housing, tax reform and the desegregation of schools; he served on the Church Committee. (Full article...)

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The following are images from various 1970s-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Punk pioneer Lene Lovich in 1979, with her trademark long plaited hair. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 2Henry Mancini (from 1970s in music)
Image 3Margaret Thatcher shortly before becoming the United Kingdom's first woman Prime Minister in 1979. Thatcher's political and economic agenda began the first government committed to neoliberalism. (from 1970s)
Image 4Fashion models in Leipzig, GDR, 1972. One of the girls is modelling a "maxi" dress. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 5The CN Tower was completed in 1976, becoming the world's tallest free-standing structure. (from 1970s)
Image 6Home Pong console (museum recreation) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 7Los Angeles high school students, 1973. The tousled, blond surfer hair was popular for young men in southern California. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 8Aldo Moro (from 1970s)
Image 9Alan Bennett in 1973, wearing a wide necktie (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 10In 1971 hotpants and bell-bottomed trousers were popular fashion trends (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 11Elton John was one of the most commercially successful solo pop acts of the 1970s (from 1970s in music)
Image 12Typical mid to late 1970s Ted gear, as worn by Shakin' Stevens. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 131970 Dodge Challenger Trans Am, an example of a muscle car in the earlier part of the decade. (from 1970s)
Image 14The Vietnam War (1955–1975) (from 1970s)
Image 15Pong arcade machine (1972) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 16English girl in the mid-1970s wearing a wide-sleeved shirt, belted at the waist. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 17Color TV-Game (1977) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 18Honda Civic sold well throughout the decade. (from 1970s)
Image 19Singer Billy Preston in 1974 wearing an Afro hairstyle. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 20Nixon and Zhou toast, 1972 (from 1970s)
Image 21Iranian prince Reza Pahlavi wearing Peacock Revolution-inspired velvet Nehru jacket and geometric print scarf, 1973. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 22Frisbee player Ken Westerfield wearing draw string bell bottoms in the 1970s (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 23Hank Williams (from 1970s in music)
Image 24An artist impression of an American Apollo spacecraft and Soviet Soyuz spacecraft docking, a propaganda portrait for the Apollo–Soyuz Test Project mission (from 1970s)
Image 25Idi Amin (from 1970s)
Image 26Redd Foxx and Demond Wilson from Sanford and Son (from 1970s)
Image 271973 Volvo P1800 sportwagon. (from 1970s)
Image 28Two punks from the late 1970s (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 29Led Zeppelin, 1977 (from 1970s in music)
Image 30Bob Marley, 1980 (from 1970s in music)
Image 31Siouxsie Sioux of the English punk group Siouxsie and the Banshees. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 32Couple prom in late 1970s men wear Powder Tuxedo women wear Sleeve dress. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 33Clockwise from top left: U.S. President Richard Nixon doing the V for Victory sign after his resignation from office following the Watergate scandal in 1974; The United States was still involved in the Vietnam War in the early decade. The New York Times leaked information regarding the nation's involvement in the war. Political pressure led to America's withdrawal from the war in 1973, and the Fall of Saigon in 1975 leading to evacuations of South Vietnamese that same year; the 1973 oil crisis causes a financial crisis throughout the developed world; both the leaders of Israel and Egypt shake hands after the signing of the Camp David Accords in 1978; in 1971, the Pakistan Armed Forces commits the 1971 Bangladesh genocide to curb independence movements in East Pakistan, killing 300,000 to 3,000,000 people; this consequently leads to the Bangladesh Liberation War; the 1970 Bhola cyclone kills an estimated 500,000 people in the densely populated Ganges Delta region of East Pakistan in November 1970, and became the deadliest natural disaster in 40 years; the Iranian Revolution of 1979 ousts Mohammad Reza Pahlavi who is later replaced by an Islamic theocracy led by Ayatollah Khomeini; the popularity of the disco music genre and subculture peaks during the mid-to-late 1970s.
(from 1970s)
Image 341979 Iranian Revolution (from 1970s)
Image 35The Swedish band ABBA was one of the most commercially successful European bands of the 1970s (from 1970s in music)
Image 36The 1970 Bhola cyclone, considered the 20th century's worst cyclone disaster, kills an estimated 500,000 people in the densely populated Ganges Delta region of East Pakistan during November 1970. (from 1970s)
Image 37Aerosmith had seven studio albums chart on the Billboard 200 in the 1970s. Their success in the decade, particularly of their albums Toys in the Attic (1975) and Rocks (1976), helped inspire future rock artists such as Slash and Kurt Cobain (from 1970s in music)
Image 38Girl in 1973 with a "flicked" hairstyle. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 39David Bowie in the early 1970s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 40Debby Boone song "You Light Up My Life" had the most weeks at number one (from 1970s in music)
Image 41Voyager 1 passing by Jupiter's Great Red Spot February 25, 1979 (from 1970s)
Image 42A young woman wearing a wrap dress. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 43Concorde landing at Farnborough in September 1974 (from 1970s)
Image 44Line at a gas station in Maryland, June 15, 1979. (from 1970s)
Image 45Mao Zedong wearing gray Zhongshan suit, 1972. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 46The British band The Bee Gees were one of the biggest musical acts of the 1970s leading the disco phenomenon (from 1970s in music)
Image 47Linda Ronstadt in 1976 (from 1970s in music)
Image 48British rock band Led Zeppelin was one of the most popular and influential bands of the 1970s. The band's heavy, guitar-driven sound has led them to be cited as one of the progenitors of heavy metal. (from 1970s)
Image 49A Women's Liberation march in Washington, D.C., 1970 (from 1970s)
Image 50Nixon displays the V-for-victory sign as he departs the White House after resigning (from 1970s)
Image 51British rock band Queen (pictured here in 1977) was considered to be one of the most influential bands of the '70s (as well as the '80s), along with American rock band Eagles and others (from 1970s)
Image 52British girls in 1975 in flared jeans (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 53Rigo Tovar (from 1970s in music)
Image 54Pong (1972) (from 1970s)
Image 55Anti-war protest against the Vietnam War in Washington, D.C., on April 24, 1971. (from 1970s)
Image 56Example of glam rock costume worn by Roy Wood and Wizzard, early 1970s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 57Footballer George Best wore long hair in 1976. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 58The world map of military alliances in 1970s: Western allies (blue), Non-aligned countries (green) and Soviet allies (red) (from 1970s)
Image 59A West German school girl with Schultüte in 1970, with a 'hippyish' outfit on. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 60British rock band Killing Floor, 1971. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 61Viking 1, the first of two spacecraft sent to Mars, takes this picture of the landing site in Chryse Planitia (1978) (from 1970s)
Image 62Microvision (1979) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 63Mid-70s Western-inspired outifts worn by country music group Asleep at the Wheel. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 64By the early 1970s, miniskirts had reached an all-time popularity. This young English woman is wearing a fringed suede miniskirt, 1971. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 65 Fairchild Channel F (1976) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 66Egyptian military vehicles crossing the Suez Canal on October 7, 1973, during the Yom Kippur War. (from 1970s)
Image 67The early 1970s' fashions were a continuation of the hippie look from the late 1960s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 68Salah Zulfikar and Zubaida Tharwat in The Other Man (1973) (from 1970s)
Image 69Queen, 1977 (from 1970s in music)
Image 70The Bee Gees, in 1968 (from 1970s in music)
Image 71Commodore PET (1977) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 72Paul Anka in 1961 (from 1970s in music)
Image 73AC/DC, August 1979 (from 1970s in music)
Image 74TRS-80 (1977) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 75Pink Floyd, 1973 (from 1970s in music)
Image 76British singer Rod Stewart, 1976. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 77Steve McQueen with sideburns, 1972. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 78Actress Camille Keaton in 1972. Throughout most of the decade, women preferred light, natural-looking make-up for the daytime. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 79Singer Rod Stewart performing in 1976. He was one of the major British soft rock artists of the 1970s (from 1970s in music)
Image 80Silk scarves were popular fashion accessories for women in the 1970s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 81Two women in 1979 wear the trendy tube tops, while the woman on the far left is wearing a rayon strapless dress (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 82United States President Jimmy Carter and Soviet Premier Leonid Brezhnev sign the SALT II treaty, June 18, 1979, in Vienna, Austria (from 1970s)
Image 83Swedish model Ulla Jones dressed in a lurex halter top and matching flared trousers (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 84Asteroids (1979) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 85Charlie Rich (from 1970s in music)
Image 86Loretta Lynn (from 1970s in music)
Image 87African American couple, Michigan Avenue, Chicago, July 1975 (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 88American First Lady Pat Nixon wears a shirt with the wide collar that was popular until the final years of the decade. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 89Polistil VG2 Pong clone (1978), made in Italy (from 1970s in video games)
Image 901976 flyer advertising the racing game Fonz. (from 1970s in video games)
Image 91America's first space station Skylab in orbit February 8, 1974 (from 1970s)
Image 92Pakistan Army Genarel A. A. K. Niazi signing surrender agreement before Sh. Jagjit Singh Aurora of Indian Army after getting defeated in the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War against East Pakistan, which eventually liberated as Bangladesh later. (from 1970s)
Image 93Susana Giménez wearing hotpants, 1977 (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 94Death Race (1976) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 95King Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (from 1970s)
Image 96Swedish model Efva Attling in a "midi" dress, with Lars Jacob, Kings Road, London, 1971. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 97A wrap dress Diane von Fürstenberg designed in the 1970s (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 98Isabel Perón becomes the first woman President of Argentina in 1974 and the first woman non-monarch head of state in the Western hemisphere. (from 1970s)
Image 99Intellivision (1979) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 100John Denver, 1975 (from 1970s in music)
Image 101Magnavox Odyssey (1972) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 102Bruce Lee fostered the popularity of martial arts cinema (from 1970s)
Image 103Three Los Angeles Chicanos in 1974. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 104El Tri Band founder Alex Lora, on stage with the band in 2006 (from 1970s in music)
Image 105Pink Floyd performing The Dark Side of the Moon in 1973, the highest-selling album of the decade and one of the highest-selling of all time. (from 1970s)
Image 106Woman in miniskirt, 1970 (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 107Willie Nelson became one of the most popular country music artists during the 1970s. (from 1970s in music)
Image 108Flared jeans and trousers were popular with both sexes as can be seen at this East German disco party in 1977. In the socialist part of Germany (until 1990), the government regarded western influences on cultural life of their population very critical, but factually tolerated them in many fields. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 109Haile Selassie was overthrown from power in Ethiopia, ending one of the longest-lasting monarchies in world history. (from 1970s)
Image 110Apple II (1977) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 111American casual attire, 1974. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 112Galaxian (1979) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 113Singer Barry Manilow wears his hair longish in the soft, layered style favoured by men in the 1970s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 114Apollo 17 Astronaut Gene Cernan becomes the last man on the Moon, December 13, 1972 (from 1970s)
Image 115Jose Jose (from 1970s in music)
Image 116Kansas (from 1970s in music)
Image 117Microvision (1979) is the first handheld game console that used interchangeable cartridges. (from 1970s)
Image 118Debbie Harry of Blondie in 1977. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 119The Eagles (from 1970s in music)
Image 120VT100 (1978) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 121In the 1970s, women's hair was usually worn long with a centre parting (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 122Park Chung Hee (from 1970s)
Image 123Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin and Egyptian President Anwar Sadat shake hands, Camp David, 1978 (from 1970s)
Image 124Ramones's lead guitarist Johnny Ramone performing in Toronto, 1977 (from 1970s in music)

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