List of GNU Core Utilities commands

This is a list of commands from the GNU Core Utilities for Unix environments. These commands can be found on Unix operating systems and most Unix-like operating systems.

GNU Core Utilities include basic file, shell and text manipulation utilities. Coreutils includes all of the basic command-line tools that are expected in a POSIX system.

List

File Utilities

Name	Description
chcon	Changes file security context (SELinux)
chgrp	Changes file group ownership
chown	Changes file ownership
chmod	Changes the permissions of a file or directory
cp	Copies a file or directory
dd	Copies and converts a file
df	Shows disk free space on file systems
dir	Is exactly like "ls -C -b". (Files are by default listed in columns and sorted vertically.)
dircolors	Set up color for ls
install	Copies files and set attributes
ln	Creates a link to a file
ls	Lists the files in a directory
mkdir	Creates a directory
mkfifo	Makes named pipes (FIFOs)
mknod	Makes block or character special files
mktemp	Creates a temporary file or directory
mv	Moves files or rename files
realpath	Returns the resolved absolute or relative path for a file
rm	Removes (deletes) files, directories, device nodes and symbolic links
rmdir	Removes empty directories
shred	Overwrites a file to hide its contents, and optionally deletes it
sync	Flushes file system buffers
touch	Changes file timestamps; creates file
truncate	Shrink or extend the size of a file to the specified size
vdir	Is exactly like "ls -l -b". (Files are by default listed in long format.)

Text Utilities

Name	Description
b2sum	Computes and checks BLAKE2b message digest
base32	Encodes or decodes Base32, and prints result to standard output
base64	Encodes or decodes Base64, and prints result to standard output
cat	Concatenates and prints files on the standard output
cksum	Checksums (IEEE Ethernet CRC-32) and count the bytes in a file. Supersedes other *sum utilities with -a option from version 9.0.
comm	Compares two sorted files line by line
csplit	Splits a file into sections determined by context lines
cut	Removes sections from each line of files
expand	Converts tabs to spaces
fmt	Simple optimal text formatter
fold	Wraps each input line to fit in specified width
head	Outputs the first part of files
join	Joins lines of two files on a common field
md5sum	Computes and checks MD5 message digest
nl	Numbers lines of files
numfmt	Reformat numbers
od	Dumps files in octal and other formats
paste	Merges lines of files
ptx	Produces a permuted index of file contents
pr	Converts text files for printing
sha1sum, sha224sum, sha256sum, sha384sum, sha512sum	Computes and checks SHA-1/SHA-2 message digests
shuf	generate random permutations
sort	sort lines of text files
split	Splits a file into pieces
sum	Checksums and counts the blocks in a file
tac	Concatenates and prints files in reverse order line by line
tail	Outputs the last part of files
tr	Translates or deletes characters
tsort	Performs a topological sort
unexpand	Converts spaces to tabs
uniq	Removes duplicate lines from a sorted file
wc	Prints the number of bytes, words, and lines in files

Shell Utilities

Name	Description
arch	Prints machine hardware name (same as uname -m)
basename	Removes the path prefix from a given pathname
chroot	Changes the root directory
date	Prints or sets the system date and time
dirname	Strips non-directory suffix from file name
du	Shows disk usage on file systems
echo	Displays a specified line of text
env	Displays and modifies environment variables
expr	Evaluates expressions
factor	Factors numbers
false	Does nothing, but exits unsuccessfully
groups	Prints the groups of which the user is a member
hostid	Prints the numeric identifier for the current host
id	Prints real or effective UID and GID
link	Creates a link to a file
logname	Print the user's login name
nice	Modifies scheduling priority
nohup	Allows a command to continue running after logging out
nproc	Queries the number of (active) processors
pathchk	Checks whether file names are valid or portable
pinky	A lightweight version of finger
printenv	Prints environment variables
printf	Formats and prints data
pwd	Prints the current working directory
readlink	Displays value of a symbolic link
runcon	Run command with specified security context
seq	Prints a sequence of numbers
sleep	Delays for a specified amount of time
stat	Returns data about an inode
stdbuf	Controls buffering for commands that use stdio
stty	Changes and prints terminal line settings
tee	Sends output to multiple files
test	Evaluates an expression
timeout	Run a command with a time limit
true	Does nothing, but exits successfully
tty	Prints terminal name
uname	Prints system information
unlink	Removes the specified file using the unlink function
uptime	Tells how long the system has been running
users	Prints the user names of users currently logged into the current host
who	Prints a list of all users currently logged in
whoami	Prints the effective userid
yes	Prints a string repeatedly
[	A synonym for test; this program permits expressions like [ expression ].

See also

• List of Unix commands
• GNOME Core Applications
• List of GNU packages
• List of KDE applications
• List of Unix daemons
• List of web browsers for Unix and Unix-like operating systems
• Unix philosophy
• util-linux

External links

• GNU Core Utilities homepage

• Rosetta Stone For *Nix – configurable list of equivalent programs for *nix systems.
• The Unix Acronym List – explains the names of many Unix commands.
• The UNIX System Homepage