O (Cyrillic)

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Cyrillic letter O
Phonetic usage:[o], [ɔ], [ɐ], [ɒ], [ʌ]
Numeric value:70
Derived from:Greek letter Omicron (Ο ο)
The Cyrillic script
Slavic letters
АА̀А̂А̄ӒБВГ
ҐДЂЃЕЀЕ̄Е̂
ЁЄЖЗЗ́ЅИІ
ЇЍИ̂ӢЙЈК
ЛЉМНЊОО̀О̂
ŌӦПРСС́ТЋ
ЌУУ̀У̂ӮЎӰФ
ХЦЧЏШЩЪ
Ъ̀ЫЬѢЭЮЮ̀Я
Я̀
Non-Slavic letters
ӐА̊А̃Ӓ̄ӔӘӘ́Ә̃
ӚВ̌ԜГ̑Г̇Г̣Г̌Г̂
Г̆Г̈ҔҒӺҒ̌Ӷ
Д́Д̌Д̈Д̣Д̆ӖЕ̃
Ё̄Є̈ԐԐ̈ҖӜӁЖ̣
ҘӞЗ̌З̣З̆ӠИ̃Ӥ
ҊҚӃҠҞҜК̣Ԛ
Л́ӅԮԒЛ̈Ӎ
Н́ӉҢԨӇҤО̆О̃
Ӧ̄ӨӨ̄Ө́Ө̆ӪԤП̈
Р̌ҎС̌ҪС̣С̱Т́Т̈
Т̌Т̇Т̣ҬУ̃ӲУ̊
Ӱ̄ҰҮҮ́Х̣Х̱Х̮Х̑
Х̌ҲӼӾҺҺ̈ԦЦ̌
Ц̈ҴҶҶ̣ӴӋҸ
Ч̇Ч̣ҼҾШ̈Ш̣Ы̆
Ы̄ӸҌҨЭ̆Э̄Э̇
ӬӬ́Ӭ̄Ю̆Ю̈Ю̄Я̆Я̄
Я̈Ӏʼˮ
Archaic or unused letters
А̨Б̀Б̣Б̱В̀Г̀Г̧
Г̄Г̓Г̆Ҕ̀Ҕ̆ԀД̓
Д̀Д̨ԂЕ̇Е̨
Ж̀Ж̑Џ̆
Ꚅ̆З̀З̑ԄԆ
ԪІ̂І̣І̨
Ј̵Ј̃К̓К̀К̆Ӄ̆
К̑К̇К̈К̄ԞК̂
Л̀ԠԈЛ̑Л̇Ԕ
М̀М̃Н̀Н̄Н̧
Н̃ԊԢН̡Ѻ
П̓П̀
П́ҦП̧П̑ҀԚ̆Р́
Р̀Р̃ԖС̀С̈ԌҪ̓
Т̓Т̀ԎТ̑Т̧
Ꚍ̆ОУУ̇
У̨ꙋ́Ф̑Ф̓Х́Х̀Х̆Х̇
Х̧Х̾Х̓һ̱ѠѼ
ѾЦ̀Ц́Ц̓Ꚏ̆
Ч́Ч̀Ч̆Ч̑Ч̓
ԬꚆ̆Ҽ̆Ш̀
Ш̆Ш̑Щ̆Ꚗ̆Ы̂
Ы̃Ѣ́Ѣ̈Ѣ̆Э̨Э̂
Ю̂Я̈Я̂Я̨
ԘѤѦѪѨ
ѬѮѰѲѴѶ
"O", from Anna Ostroumova-Lebedeva's 1911 alphabet book

O (О о; italics: О о) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

The letter most commonly represents the sound /ɔ/, like the o in "off". In Russian and Serbo-Croatian, it represents the sound /o/.

History[edit]

Some old Russian typewriters like this one were manufactured without the digit 0 as the letter O could be used instead.

The Cyrillic letter О was derived from the Greek letter Omicron (Ο ο).

Form[edit]

Modern fonts[edit]

In modern-style typefaces, the Cyrillic letter O looks exactly like the Latin letter O ⟨O o⟩ and the Greek letter Omicron ⟨Ο ο⟩.

Church Slavonic printed fonts and Slavonic manuscripts[edit]

Historical typefaces (like poluustav (semi-uncial), a standard font style for the Church Slavonic typography) and old manuscripts represent several additional glyph variants of Cyrillic O, both for decorative and orthographic (sometimes also "hieroglyphic"[1]) purposes, namely:

  • broad variant (Ѻ/ѻ), used mostly as a word initial letter (see Broad On for more details);
  • narrow variant, being used now in Synodal Church Slavonic editions as the first element of digraph Oy/oy (see Uk (Cyrillic) for more details), and in the editions of Old Believers for unstressed "o" as well;
  • variant with a cross inside (Crossed O), Ꚛ, used in certain manuscripts as the initial letter of words окрестъ 'around, nearby' (the root of this Slavonic word, крест, means 'cross') and округъ 'district, neighbourhood' with their derivatives;
  • "eyed" variant (Monocular O) with a dot inside (Ꙩ/ꙩ), used in certain manuscripts in spelling of word око 'eye' and its derivatives. In many other texts, including the birchbark letters, the monocular O was not used as a hieroglyph but largely as a synonym of Broad On signalling the word-initial position;
  • "two-eyed" variants (Binocular O) with two dots inside (Ꙫ/ꙫ or Ꙭ/ꙭ), also double "O" without dots inside were used in certain manuscripts in spelling of dual/plural forms of the words with the same root 'eye';
  • "many-eyed" variant (Multiocular O), ꙮ, used in certain manuscripts in spelling of the same root when embedded into word многоочитый 'many-eyed' (an attribute of seraphim).

Usage[edit]

In Russian, O is used word-initially, after another vowel, and after non-palatalized consonants. Because of a vowel reduction processes, the Russian /o/ phoneme may have a number of pronunciations in unstressed syllables, including [ɐ] and [ə].

In Macedonian, Bulgarian, Ukrainian and Belarusian, the letter represents the sound /ɔ/.

In Tuvan the Cyrillic letter can be written as a double vowel.[2][3]

Related letters and other similar characters[edit]

Computing codes[edit]

Character information
Preview О о
Unicode name CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER O CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER O
Encodings decimal hex dec hex
Unicode 1054 U+041E 1086 U+043E
UTF-8 208 158 D0 9E 208 190 D0 BE
Numeric character reference О О о о
Named character reference О о
KOI8-R and KOI8-U 239 EF 207 CF
Code page 855 215 D7 214 D6
Windows-1251 206 CE 238 EE
ISO-8859-5 190 BE 222 DE
Macintosh Cyrillic 142 8E 238 EE

Exotic glyph variants of Cyrillic O are available only in Unicode:[4][5][6][7][8]

  • broad Ѻ/ѻ:
    • CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER ROUND OMEGA: U+047A
    • CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ROUND OMEGA: U+047B
  • narrow ᲂ does not just represent itself, but also used in digraph Oy/oy:
    • CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER NARROW O: U+1C82
    • CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER UK: U+0478 (deprecated in favor of combination of Cyrillic letters О and у, U+041E U+0443)
    • CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER UK: U+0479 (deprecated in favor of combination of Cyrillic letters о and у, U+043E U+0443 or U+1C82 U+0443)
  • with a cross inside (Ꚛ/ꚛ):
    • CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER CROSSED O: U+A69A
    • CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER CROSSED O: U+A69B
  • doubled Ꚙ/ꚙ:
    • CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER DOUBLE O: U+A698
    • CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER DOUBLE O: U+A699
  • eyed Ꙩ/ꙩ:
    • CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER MONOCULAR O: U+A668
    • CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER MONOCULAR O: U+A669
  • two-eyed (Ꙫ/ꙫ, Ꙭ/ꙭ):
    • CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER BINOCULAR O: U+A66A
    • CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER BINOCULAR O: U+A66B
    • CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER DOUBLE MONOCULAR O: U+A66C
    • CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER DOUBLE MONOCULAR O: U+A66D
  • many-eyed ꙮ:
    • CYRILLIC LETTER MULTIOCULAR O: U+A66E
  • combining O for Church Slavonic abbreviations (as трⷪца = троица '(Holy) Trinity'):
    • COMBINING CYRILLIC LETTER O: 2DEA

References[edit]

  1. ^ Карский, Ефим (1979). Славянская кирилловская палеография. Moscow.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  2. ^ "Tuvan language, alphabet and pronunciation". omniglot.com. Retrieved 14 June 2016.
  3. ^ Campbell, George L.; King, Gareth (24 July 2013). Compendium of the World's Languages. Routledge. ISBN 9781136258459. Retrieved 14 June 2016 – via Google Books.
  4. ^ "Cyrillic: Range: 0400–04FF" (PDF). The Unicode Standard, Version 9.0. 2016. p. 4. Retrieved 2016-07-15.
  5. ^ "Cyrillic Extended-A: Range: 2DE0–2DFF" (PDF). The Unicode Standard, Version 9.0. 2016. p. 3. Retrieved 2016-07-15.
  6. ^ "Cyrillic Extended-B: Range: A640–A69F" (PDF). The Unicode Standard, Version 9.0. 2016. p. 3. Retrieved 2016-07-15.
  7. ^ "Cyrillic Extended-C: Range: 1C80–1C8F" (PDF). The Unicode Standard, Version 9.0. 2016. p. 3. Retrieved 2016-07-15.
  8. ^ "Church Slavonic Typography in Unicode" (PDF). Aleksandr Andreev, Yuri Shardt, Nikita Simmons. 2015. p. 13. Retrieved 2016-07-15.

External links[edit]

  • The dictionary definition of О at Wiktionary
  • The dictionary definition of о at Wiktionary