Suburbs of Canberra

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The suburbs of the Australian Capital Territory are organised into a hierarchy of districts, town centres, group centres, local suburbs and other industrial areas and villages. While these divisions have no formal role in the governance or administration of the city, they formed a basis for the planning and development of the city and are significant to the city's commercial and social activities.

For a complete list, see List of the Australian Capital Territory suburbs

Suburbs[edit]

Most suburbs of the Australian Capital Territory are designed around local shops, centrally located within walking distance of the outer parts of the suburb. Consequently, they are generally smaller in size to the suburbs of other cities. A typical Australian Capital Territory suburb is bounded on all sides by major roads, and at the centre, contains local shops, or at least a local store. Some also contain a petrol station, a church, or other community facilities. Many also contain a primary school and a preschool.

As a result of these commercial and community facilities being located in the centre of suburbs, Australian Capital Territory lacks strip shopping along major roads and appears to be 'empty' to most visitors. In the older areas, major roads are lined with houses, and in the newer areas they are typically landscaped with mounds of earth and vegetation to form 'parkways'.

Districts[edit]

Australian Capital Territory's districts were developed with the intention of being semi-self-contained satellite cities with an intended population of about 80,000 people. The districts contain town centres which serve as commercial, transport and employment nodes. The districts are separated by nature reserves, and in most cases were designed according to a policy of ridges and valleys where the urban areas were located in valleys, separated by ridges, containing nature parks. There are nineteen districts in the Australian Capital Territory, each is divided into between eight and 25 suburbs, but on average about eighteen. Australian Capital Territory's Plan also contains districts located outside of the urban areas for the purposes of land administration.[2]

Following the transfer of land from the Government of New South Wales to the Commonwealth Government in 1911, eighteen original districts were established in 1966 by the Commonwealth via the gazettal of the Districts Ordinance 1966 No. 5 (Cth) which, after the enactment of the Australian Capital Territory (Self-Government) Act 1988 (Cth), became the Districts Act 1966 No. 5 (ACT). This Act was subsequently repealed by the ACT Government and all districts and the land contained within are now administered subject to the Districts Act 2002 (ACT).[2]

In chronological order of mass development, the districts are:

Selected historical data for the districts of the Australian Capital Territory
Districts Gazettal
date
First settled Number of
suburbs
Estimated residents at census
2001 2006 2011 2016[a] 2021
Canberra Central North Canberra 12 May 1966[2] 1928 25 39,438 [3] 42,113 [4] 48,030 [5] 53,002 [6] 61,188 [7]
South Canberra 1927 24,139 [8] 23,668 [9] 24,154 [10] 27,007 [11] 31,592 [12]
Woden Valley 1963 12 31,336 [13] 31,992 [14] 32,958 [15] 34,760 [16] 39,279 [17]
Belconnen 1967 27 81,701 [18] 84,382 [19] 92,444 [20] 96,049 [21] 106,061 [22]
Jerrabomberra 4 1,214 [23][24][25][26][27] 830 [28][29][30][31][32] 1,241 [33][34][35][36][37] 1,240 [38][39][40][41][42] 1,425 [43][44][45][46][47]
Majura 1 347 [48][49] 232 [50][51] 246 [52][53] 174 [54][55] 299 [56][57]
Tuggeranong 1974 18 86,346 [58] 87,119 [59] 86,900 [60] 85,154 [61] 89,461 [62]
Weston Creek 1969 8 22,338 [63] 22,127 [64] 22,746 [65] 22,988 [66] 24,630 [67]
Gungahlin 1991 18 23,098 [68] 31,318 [69] 46,971 [70] 71,142 [71] 87,682 [72]
Stromlo 0 86 [73] 64 [74] 71 [75] 61 [76] 75 [77]
Kowen 0 30 [78] 49 [79] 34 [80] 38 [81] 25 [82]
Hall 1 368 [83] 338 [84] 332 [85] 271 [86] 298 [87]
Coree 1 416 [88] 267 [89] 425 [90] 356 [91][92] 309 [93][94]
Paddys River 1 2001–2011: included in Coree 150 [95][96] 158 [97][98]
Cotter River 0 0 [99] 0 [100]
Tennent 0 0 [101] 0 [102]
Rendezvous Creek 0 0 [101] 0 [102]
Booth 0 2001–2011: included in Coree 31 [103] 64 [104]
Mount Clear 0 0 [102] 0 [102]
Molonglo Valley 14 October 2010[105] 2010 13 planned 27 [106] 4,578 [107] 11,435 [108]

City centre[edit]

Canberra's CBD – as viewed from Mt Ainslie.

Canberra's central business district, also known as Civic, is the main commercial centre in Canberra. It is larger than the town centres and contains many Australian Government department offices, large office buildings and retail outlets such as department stores and specialty stores and recreational facilities such as cinemas, bars, nightclubs, restaurants and theatres. The Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly is contained within its boundaries; as is the Canberra Theatre and Playhouse, Territory Courts, and the Federal Court.

Town centres[edit]

Woden Town Centre, located in the Woden Valley district resembles a miniature CBD.

Outside Canberra's central business district, there are five town centres within Australian Capital Territory. As well as serving as commercial nodes, town centres also serve as centres of employment. Most contain at least one major Australia government department. For example:

As of 2013, neither the Weston Creek Centre nor the Gungahlin Town Centre contain any substantive Australian government department head office.

Town centres also provide services such as mechanical workshops, gyms, pubs and clubs, cinemas, restaurants and fast food outlets, petrol stations and car dealerships. They also usually contain a public library, police station and a community centre. The Woden Town Centre has high rise office buildings and resembles a 'mini city centre'.

Group centres[edit]

Dickson Centre is one of the largest group centres in Canberra.

Group centres are commercial and community centres smaller than town centres but larger than local shops which are designed to serve a "group" of suburbs – typically about four or five. A typical group centre contains such local commercial facilities such as a supermarket, a petrol station, specialty stores such as a pharmacy, hairdresser, butcher, baker, deli, health food store, betting agency and medical centre. Some larger group centres may also contain banks, a few restaurants and fast food outlets. They will typically also contain recreational and social facilities such as a swimming pool, church, and a tavern or club. These are intended to provide "weekly shopping" type services to the residents of adjoining suburbs.

Industrial areas[edit]

The suburbs of Mitchell, Fyshwick and Hume are Australian Capital Territory's industrial areas and are located away from suburbs. While they are the location of light industry (Australian Capital Territory has no heavy industries), they also contain a large number of retail outlets such as furniture stores, hardware stores, car dealerships, bicycle shops, camping stores and wholesale outlets.

Villages[edit]

The Australian Capital Territory also contains a number of smaller villages located outside the urban area. Historically some of these are farming or forestry villages and some were damaged or destroyed in the fires of January 2003. The village closest to the urban area is Hall which is located just past Belconnen near the New South Wales border.

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Population for the 2016 census is from Statistical Area Level 3 (SA3) measurements – while earlier census population area counts in this table may have used different boundaries or area levels

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 January 2022. Retrieved 31 January 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  2. ^ a b c "Districts Act 1966 Notes". Australian Capital Territory Repealed Acts. AustLII. 2002. Retrieved 18 December 2013.
  3. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (9 March 2006). "North Canberra (SSD)". 2001 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 December 2013. Edit this at Wikidata
  4. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "North Canberra (SSD)". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
  5. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "North Canberra (SA3)". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 December 2013. Edit this at Wikidata
  6. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "North Canberra". 2016 Census QuickStats. Edit this at Wikidata
  7. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "North Canberra". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 12 July 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  8. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (9 March 2006). "South Canberra (SSD)". 2001 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 December 2013. Edit this at Wikidata
  9. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "South Canberra (SSD)". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
  10. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "South Canberra (SA3)". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 December 2013. Edit this at Wikidata
  11. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "South Canberra". 2016 Census QuickStats. Edit this at Wikidata
  12. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "South Canberra". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 12 July 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  13. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (9 March 2006). "Woden Valley (SSD)". 2001 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 December 2013. Edit this at Wikidata
  14. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Woden Valley (SSD)". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
  15. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Woden (SA3)". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 December 2013. Edit this at Wikidata
  16. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Woden Valley". 2016 Census QuickStats. Edit this at Wikidata
  17. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Woden Valley". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 12 July 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  18. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (9 March 2006). "Belconnen (SSD)". 2001 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 December 2013. Edit this at Wikidata
  19. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Belconnen (SSD)". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
  20. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Belconnen (SA3)". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 December 2013. Edit this at Wikidata
  21. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Belconnen (SA3)". 2016 Census QuickStats. Edit this at Wikidata
  22. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Belconnen". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 12 July 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  23. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (9 March 2006). "Jerrabomberra". 2001 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  24. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (9 March 2006). "Harman". 2001 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  25. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (9 March 2006). "Hume". 2001 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  26. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (9 March 2006). "Oaks Estate". 2001 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  27. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (9 March 2006). "Symonston". 2001 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  28. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Jerrabomberra". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
  29. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Harman". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
  30. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Hume". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
  31. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Oaks Estate". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
  32. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Symonston". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
  33. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Jerrabomberra". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  34. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Harman". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  35. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Hume". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  36. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Oaks Estate". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  37. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Symonston". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  38. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "ACT Remainder - Jerrabomberra". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  39. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Beard". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  40. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Hume". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  41. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Oaks Estate". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  42. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Symonston". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  43. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "ACT Remainder - Jerrabomberra". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  44. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Beard". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  45. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Hume". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  46. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Oaks Estate". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  47. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Symonston". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  48. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (9 March 2006). "Majura". 2001 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  49. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (9 March 2006). "Pialligo". 2001 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  50. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Majura". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
  51. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Pialligo". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
  52. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Majura". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  53. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Pialligo". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  54. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "ACT Remainder - Majura". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  55. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Pialligo". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  56. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "ACT Remainder - Majura". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  57. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Pialligo". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  58. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (9 March 2006). "Tuggeranong (SSD)". 2001 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 12 July 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  59. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Tuggeranong (SSD)". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
  60. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Tuggeranong (SA3)". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 December 2013. Edit this at Wikidata
  61. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Tuggeranong". 2016 Census QuickStats. Edit this at Wikidata
  62. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Tuggeranong". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 12 July 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  63. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (9 March 2006). "Weston Creek-Stromlo (SSD)". 2001 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 December 2013. Edit this at Wikidata
  64. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Weston Creek-Stromlo (SSD)". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
  65. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Weston Creek (SA3)". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 December 2013. Edit this at Wikidata
  66. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Weston Creek". 2016 Census QuickStats. Edit this at Wikidata
  67. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Weston Creek". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 12 July 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  68. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (9 March 2006). "Gungahlin-Hall (SSD)". 2001 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 December 2013. Edit this at Wikidata
  69. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Gungahlin-Hall (SSD)". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
  70. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Gungahlin (SA3)". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 December 2013. Edit this at Wikidata
  71. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Gungahlin". 2016 Census QuickStats. Edit this at Wikidata
  72. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Gungahlin". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 12 July 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  73. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (9 March 2006). "Stromlo". 2001 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  74. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Stromlo". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
  75. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Stromlo". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  76. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "ACT Remainder - Stromlo". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  77. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "ACT Remainder - Stromlo". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  78. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (9 March 2006). "Kowen". 2001 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  79. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Kowen". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
  80. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Kowen". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  81. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "ACT Remainder - Kowen". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  82. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "ACT Remainder - Kowen". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  83. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (9 March 2006). "Hall". 2001 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  84. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Hall". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
  85. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Hall". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  86. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Hall". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  87. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Hall". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  88. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (9 March 2006). "Remainder of ACT". 2001 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  89. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Remainder of ACT". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
  90. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Remainder of ACT". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  91. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "ACT Remainder - Coree". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  92. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Uriarra Village". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  93. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "ACT Remainder - Coree". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  94. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Uriarra Village". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  95. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "ACT Remainder - Paddys River". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  96. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Tharwa". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  97. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "ACT Remainder - Paddys River". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  98. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Tharwa". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  99. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "ACT Remainder - Cotter River". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  100. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "ACT Remainder - Cotter River". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  101. ^ a b Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "ACT Remainder - Rendezvous Creek". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  102. ^ a b c d Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "ACT Remainder - Rendezvous Creek". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  103. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "ACT Remainder - Booth". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  104. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "ACT Remainder - Booth". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 15 September 2022. Edit this at Wikidata
  105. ^ "Search for street and suburb names: Molonglo Valley". Environment and Sustainable Development Directorate. ACT Government. 4 December 2013. Retrieved 22 December 2013.
  106. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Molonglo (SA2)". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 22 December 2013. Edit this at Wikidata
  107. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Molonglo". 2016 Census QuickStats. Edit this at Wikidata
  108. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Molonglo". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 12 July 2022. Edit this at Wikidata