List of hybrid vehicles

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It has been suggested that this article be split into articles entitled List of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and List of regular hybrid vehicles, accessible from a disambiguation page. (Discuss)

This is a list of (plug-in or regular) hybrid vehicles in chronological order of first production:

Contents 1 Cars 1.1 Early designs 1.2 1960s 1.3 1970s 1.4 1980s 1.5 1990s 1.6 2000s 1.6.1 2003 1.6.2 2004 1.6.3 2005 1.6.4 2006 1.6.5 2007 1.6.6 2008 1.7 Planned 1.7.1 2009 1.7.2 2010 1.7.3 2011 2 Buses 2.1 1991 2.2 1993 2.3 1995 2.4 1996 2.5 1998 2.6 1999 2.7 2002 2.8 2003 2.9 2004 2.10 2006 3 Trucks 4 Unknown date 4.1 In production 4.2 Planned 5 References 6 See also 7 External links 7.1 Hybrids in logistics 7.2 Hybrids in public transport

[edit] Cars

[edit] Early designs

• 1899: Ferdinand Porsche, then a young engineer at Jacob Lohner & Co. creates the first gasoline-electric hybrid vehicles.^[1]

• 1900: Carmaker Pieper of Belgium introduced a vehicle with an under-seat electric motor and a gasoline engine. It used the internal combustion engine to charge its batteries at cruise speed and used both motors to accelerate or climb a hill. Auto-Mixte, also of Belgium, built vehicles from 1906 to 1912 under the Pieper patents.^[2]

• 1901: Jacob Lohner & Co. produces the first Lohner Porsche, a series of gasoline-electric hybrid vehicles based on employee Ferdinand Porsche's novel drivetrain.^[3] These vehicles had a driveline that was either gas or electric, but not both at the same time.

• 1907: AL (French car)
• 1917: Wood's Dual Power Car had a driveline similar to the current GMC/Chevrolet Silverado hybrid pickup truck.

[edit] 1960s

• 1969 General Motors XP-883

[edit] 1970s

• 1972 Towns Microdot

[edit] 1980s

• 1986 The Twike HEHV designed by a group of Swiss students debuted at the World expo in Vancouver, Canada. It remains in limited production and available in the USA (source: Neiman Marcus Christmas Book 2007, page 89).

• 1986 The Goldwing engine-based Gaselle hybrid gas/electric prototype built by Sarabjit Gandhi drove 8050 km in 16 days as part of the World Energy Autocross.

• 1989 Audi 100 Duo aka or Audi 100 Avant Duo experimental vehicle, a plug-in parallel hybrid based on the Audi 100 Avant quattro. No more than 10 were produced.

[edit] 1990s

• 1991 Audi 100 Duo second generation, now with four-wheel-drive.
• 1996 AC Propulsion tzero (primarily electric vehicle; 80 mile PbA, 300 mile Li-ion(2003) EV-mode)
• 1996 General Motors EV1
• 1997 Toyota Prius (first commercially mass-produced and marketed hybrid automobile) (Japanese market only)
• 1997 Audi A4 Duo (Audi became the first manufacturer in Europe to mass produce a hybrid vehicle. Their hybrid vehicle is powered by a 66 kW 1.9-litre TDI-Engine and a 21 kW electric motor)
• 1999 Honda Insight 2000 model

[edit] 2000s

• 2000 Toyota Estima hybrid (Japanese market only)
• 2000 Toyota Prius US market
• 2002? Mazda Demio e-4WD (Japanese market only, used for traction assistance)
• 2002 Dyna Diesel Hybrid (Japan only, Diesel Hybrid)
• 2002 Honda Civic Hybrid 2003 model

[edit] 2003

• Renault Kangoo (plug-in hybrid electric vehicle)
• Suzuki Twin
• Toyota Alphard Hybrid
• Toyota Prius (5 seat midsize) 2004 model year, second generation Hybrid Synergy Drive 1,000,000 sold (as of May 15, 2008)

[edit] 2004

• Honda Accord Hybrid 2005 model
• Ford Escape Hybrid 2005 model (released in late summer 2004)

[edit] 2005

• Chevrolet Silverado/GMC Sierra Hybrid 2006 model, Mild hybrid
• Honda Civic Hybrid 2006 model, second generation
• Lexus RX 400h 2006 model year, second generation Hybrid Synergy Drive
• Mercury Mariner hybrid
• Toyota Kluger/Highlander Hybrid 2006 model

[edit] 2006

• Lexus GS 450h 2007 model, second generation Hybrid Synergy Drive
• Saturn Vue Green Line 2007 model, Mild hybrid
• Toyota Camry Hybrid 2007 model, second generation Hybrid Synergy Drive
• Toyota Estima/Previa hybrid minivan, second generation Hybrid Synergy Drive (Japanese market only)

[edit] 2007

• Nissan Altima Hybrid (limited sales)
• Saturn Aura Green Line Hybrid (BAS) 2008 model, Mild hybrid
• Lexus LS600hL 2008 model Luxury car, went on sale in June
• Toyota Kluger/Highlander Hybrid 2008 model, second generation Hybrid Synergy Drive, will go on sale October 2007^[4]
• Honda CR-Z Hybrid sports car.
• BMW 1 Series small family car, first in the world with standard mild hybrid technology, Auto Start Stop function, Brake Energy Regeneration, electric power steering, electric water pump^[5][6]
• Mazda Tribute hybrid, 2008 model, expected to go on sale July 2007
• Chevrolet Tahoe (AHS II) (SUV, RWD/AWD) 2008 model, expected to go on sale Fall 2007
• GMC Yukon Hybrid (AHS II) (SUV, RWD/AWD) 2008 model, expected to go on sale Fall 2007
• Dodge Durango (AHS II) (SUV) 2008 model, expected to go on sale Fall 2007

[edit] 2008

• Aptera Motors Typ-1h (three-wheeled, two seat)
• Audi Q7 2009 model
• Cadillac Escalade (AHS II) 2009 model
• Chevrolet Equinox (SUV)
• Chevrolet Malibu (midsize car) Mild hybrid
• Chevrolet Silverado Hybrid (AHS II) (fullsize pickup) 2009 model
• Ford Fusion Hybrid (midsize car) 2009 model
• Gaia Transport The Pod One plug-in hybrid sports car
• GMC Sierra Hybrid (AHS II) (fullsize pickup) 2009 model
• Mercury Milan Hybrid (midsize car)
• Roewe 750 (midsize car)First Chinese hybrid car
• Saturn Vue Green Line (AHS II) (SUV, FWD) 2009 model, 45% improvement over non-hybrid version according to GM^[7]
• Saturn AURA Green Line Mild hybrid (midsize car) 2008 model
• Toyota Sienna (minivan) 2009 model
• Toyota Prius (5 seat midsize) 2009 model year, third generation Hybrid Synergy Drive
• VentureOne Three wheeled vehicle
• Volvo C30 2009 model, diesel electric hybrid

[edit] Planned

This section is sorted by expected sale date.

[edit] 2009

• Green Auto Sol, Unnamed next-generation compact hybrid, priced lower than all other hybrids^[8]
• Honda Unnamed next-generation compact hybrid, all-new, priced lower than Honda Civic Hybrid^[9][10]
• Lexus RX400h 2010 model refresh
• Mercedes-Benz S-Class Mild hybrid^[11][12]
• Porsche Cayenne^[13]
• Saturn Vue Green Line (AHS II) (SUV, FWD, 2010 model, Plug-in capable, Lithium-Ion batteries)
• Volkswagen Touareg Hybrid
• Toyota FT-HS Sports Hybrid^[14]
• Fisker Karma
• BMW X6

[edit] 2010

• Chevrolet Volt production version ^[15] (PHEV-40)
• Nissan's original hybrid vehicle is targeted for launch in 2010.^[16]
• PSA Peugeot Citroen will market hybrid HDi vehicles from 2010.^[17]
• Audi A1

[edit] 2011

• Toyota Camry Hybrid 2012 model, third generation Hybrid Synergy Drive^[18]
• Land Rover Range Rover Hybrid concept, diesel-electric engine (under development) in conjunction with new aluminum body

[edit] Buses

[edit] 1991

• Hino Blue Ribbon HIMR

[edit] 1993

• Mitsubishi Fuso Aero Star MBECS, first generation

[edit] 1995

• Nissan Diesel UA ERIP

[edit] 1996

• Isuzu Cubic CHASSE

[edit] 1998

• New Flyer H40LF (diesel-electric hybrid bus), 'H' later changed to 'DE'

[edit] 1999

• Orion VI Hybrid

[edit] 2002

• Mitsubishi Fuso Aero Star Nonstep HEV bus, second generation
• Nova Bus RTS HEV bus (4 units built)
• MCI D4000 HEV (4 units built)

[edit] 2003

• Orion VII hybrid bus^[19]

[edit] 2004

• New Flyer GE40LF (gasoline-electric hybrid bus)
• Hino S'elega R Hybrid

[edit] 2006

• IC Corporation Hybrid School Bus
• Nova Bus LFS HEV
• Wrightbus Pulsar Gemini HEV

[edit] Trucks

• 1993 Hino Model Unknown, medium duty, for sale in Japan only. First generation
• 2003 Hino Ranger Hybrid, light duty, for sale in Japan only. Fourth generation
• 2004 Hino Dutro/Toyota Dyna Hybrid, light duty, for sale in Japan only. Fourth generation
• 2006 Canter Eco Hybrid made by Mitsubishi Fuso Truck & Bus Corporation, for sale in Japan only.
• 2006 International FTTS
• 2007 Hino Hybrid 6500 Medium, light duty, available in Australia. [1]
• 2007 E-ONE [2] Hybrid Command Center

[edit] Unknown date

[edit] In production

• Gillig Hybrid (hybrid diesel-electric buses)
• North American Bus Industries 60-BRT Hybrid
• Orion VII Hybrid
• Toyota Sienna
• Whispering Wheel Buss
• Aptera hybrid car Prototype created
• Peugeot 307 CC Hybride HDi.
• Toyota Crown (Japan only, Mild hybrid)
• Toyota Prius

[edit] Planned

• BMW Hydrogen 7
• Daihatsu Hijet Cargo Hybrid a commercial microvan (659 cc) (in Japan, not yet in production)
• Honda hybrid, 2009 brand new model priced less than Civic Hybrid
• Hyundai Accent Unknown date of production
• Kia Rio Originally for 2007, now delayed along with Hyundai Accent hybrid (concept model was shown at the 2007 Geneva Auto Show)
• Lexus LF-S 2009
• Opel Astra Diesel Hybrid. [3].
• Porsche Panamera
• Proton Gen-2 EVE Hybrid (concept model was shown at the 2007 Geneva Auto Show)
• Saab planning hybrid based on GM system^[20]
• Toyota Corolla
• Goodbyeoil.org - Planning development of Air Engine

[edit] References

[edit] See also

• List of 2007 hybrid vehicles
• List of battery electric vehicles
• SmILE
• Petroleum electric hybrid vehicles

[edit] External links

• Hybrid Vehicle History
• Toyota's hybrid cars information

[edit] Hybrids in logistics

Light trucks

• Micro-Vett Daily Bimodale
• Mercedes Daimler Chrysler Hybrid Sprinter (Van)

Tow tractors for baggage handling on airports

• Volk Hybrids

[edit] Hybrids in public transport

Buses

• Hino Blue Ribbon City Hybrid
• Hybrid Diesel-Electric Buses TriMet

Trains

• JR Easts NE New Energy Train
• Railpower Green Goat
• GE's Hybrid Locomotive
• hybrid.com: Drive with a Green Conscience

Cars and SUV's

• 2007 Hybrid Cars