List of freshwater aquarium fish species

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A vast number of freshwater species have successfully adapted to live in aquariums. This list gives some examples of the most common species found in home aquariums.

Catfish[edit]

Armored catfish including Aspidoras, Brochis, Callichthys, and Corydoras
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Agassiz's corydoras Corydoras agassizii 5 cm (2 in)
Brown-Point Shield Skin Aspidoras fuscoguttatus 3.8 cm

(1.5 in)

30 Gallons 22–25 °C (72–77 °F)[1] 5.5–6.8[1]
Aspidoras Cory-Cat Aspidoras lakoi 4 cm (1.6 in)[2] 28 Gallons 22–25 °C (72–77 °F)
Loach catfish Aspidoras rochai 4 cm (1.6 in) maximum length[3] 20 Gallons 21 – 25 degrees Celsius[3] 6.0-7.5[3]
Sixray corydoras, false corydoras Aspidoras pauciradiatus 2.9 cm (1.1 in)[4] 20 Gallons 73–82 °F (23–28 °C) 6.0-7.2[4]
Britski's catfish Brochis britskii 8.9 cm (3.5 in) 20–24 °C (68–75 °F) 6.5-7.2[5]
Emerald catfish Brochis splendens 10 cm (3.9 in) The Emerald Cory Catfish is a very hardy and resilient fish.  Disease should not be a concern provided that you maintain the aquarium to standards.[6] 20 Gallons 72 - 82 F (22 - 27.7 C)[6] 5.8-8.0[7]
Hognosed brochis Brochis multiradiatus 6.6 cm (2.6 in) 70-75 °F (21-24 °C) 6.0-7.2
Adolfo's catfish/corydoras Corydoras adolfoi 5.7 cm (2.2 in) 72–79 °F (22–26 °C) 6.0-7.0
Banded corydoras Scleromystax barbatus 10 cm (3.9 in) 68 °F (20 °C) to 82 °F (28 °C) 6.0–8.0
Masked corydoras, bandit corydoras Corydoras metae 4.8 cm (1.9 in) 72–79 °F (22–26 °C) 6.0-7.0
Barred-tail corydoras Corydoras cochui
2.5 cm (0.98 in) 70-75 °F 6.0 - 7.0
Blackstripe corydoras Corydoras bondi 4.7 cm (1.9 in)
Blacktop corydoras Corydoras acutus 4.4 cm (1.7 in)
Blue corydoras Corydoras nattereri 5.4 cm (2.1 in)
Bluespotted corydoras Corydoras melanistius 5.1 cm (2.0 in)
Bronze corydoras, Emerald green cory Corydoras aeneus 6.35 cm (2.50 in) 77 to 82 °F (25 to 28 °C)
Caracha Corydoras atropersonatus 4.5 cm (1.8 in)
Ehrhardt's corydoras Corydoras ehrhardti 4.1 cm (1.6 in)
Evelyn's cory Corydoras evelynae 4 cm (1.6 in)
Corydoras geoffroy 7 cm (2.8 in)
Corydoras latus 5.2 cm (2.0 in)
Loxozonus cory Corydoras loxozonus 4.9 cm (1.9 in)
Corydoras nain Corydoras nanus 4.5 cm (1.8 in)
Long nosed arched cory Corydoras narcissus 6.5 cm (2.6 in)
Corydoras ornatus 4.9 cm (1.9 in)
Corydoras osteocarus 4 cm (1.6 in)
Corydoras polystictus 3.2 cm (1.3 in)
Scleromystax prionotos 5.3 cm (2.1 in)
Corydoras semiaquilus 6.0 cm (2.4 in)
Corydoras septentrionalis 4.9 cm (1.9 in)
Corydoras simulatus 4.9 cm (1.9 in)
Corydoras undulatus 4.4 cm (1.7 in)
Dwarf corydoras Corydoras hastatus 3.5 cm (1.4 in)
Elegant corydoras Corydoras elegans 5.1 cm (2.0 in)
False blochi catfish Corydoras delphax 5 cm (2 in)
False network catfish Corydoras sodalis 4.9 cm (1.9 in)
False spotted catfish Corydoras leucomelas 4.5 cm (1.8 in)
Gold laser cory Corydoras melanotaenia 5.8 cm (2.3 in)
Guapore corydoras Corydoras guapore 4.1 cm (1.6 in)
Horseman's cory Corydoras eques 5 cm (2 in)
Mosaic corydoras, reticulated corydoras Corydoras haraldschultzi 5.9 cm (2.3 in)[8]
Mosaic corydoras, reticulated corydoras Corydoras reticulatus 5.1–6.1 cm (2.0–2.4 in)
Panda corydoras Corydoras panda 3.8–5.1 cm (1.5–2.0 in) 6.0-8.0[9]
Pastaza corydoras Corydoras pastazensis 6.4–7.1 cm (2.5–2.8 in)
Peppered corydoras, salt and pepper catfish Corydoras paleatus 5.1–7.6 cm (2.0–3.0 in)
Pink corydoras Corydoras axelrodi 4–5 cm (1.5–2 in)
Pygmy corydoras Corydoras pygmaeus 2.5–3.3 cm (0.98–1.30 in) A very peaceful species, that does not make an ideal community fish due to its small adult size. It is easily intimidated by larger tank mates and will not compete well with them for food.[10] 42.4 L (11 gal)[10] 72 to 79 °F (22 to 26 °C)[10] 6.4 to 7.4[10]
Rust corydoras Corydoras rabauti 5 cm (2 in)
Sailfin corydoras Scleromystax macropterus 8.7 cm (3.4 in) 6.0 – 8.0
Salt and pepper catfish/corydoras Corydoras habrosus 2.5–3.6 cm (0.98–1.42 in)
Schwartz's catfish Corydoras schwartzi 3.8–5.1 cm (1.5–2.0 in)
Spotted corydoras, longnose corydoras Corydoras ambiacus 5.1–6.1 cm (2.0–2.4 in)
Sterba's corydoras Corydoras sterbai 6.8 cm (2.7 in)[11]
Sychr's catfish Corydoras sychri 4.3 cm

(1.7 in)

Tailspot corydoras Corydoras caudimaculatus 4–5 cm (1.5–2 in)
Threestripe corydoras, leopard catfish, false julii cory Corydoras trilineatus 6.1 cm (2.4 in)[12]
Xingu corydoras Corydoras xinguensis 3.8–5.1 cm (1.5–2.0 in)
Julii corydoras Corydoras julii 5.1–6.4 cm (2.0–2.5 in)
Flagtail catfish Dianema urostriatum 12.5 cm (4.9 in) 77–82 °F (25–28 °C) 6.0-8.0
Cascarudo Callichthys callichthys 20 cm (7.9 in) 64–83 °F (18–28 °C). 5.8-8.3
Spotted hoplo Megalechis thoracata 15 cm (5.9 in) 64–83 °F (18–28 °C). 6-8
Armored suckermouth catfish (plecos, oto, and whiptail)
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Bristlenose pleco, bushynose pleco Ancistrus sp. The bristlenose genus has at least 59 identified species and many others yet to be named.[13] Males and female both have long "bristles" on their nose, the males having distinctly longer ones. 72-84 F (20-27 C)
Adonis pleco, polka dot lyre-tail pleco Acanthicus adonis 100 cm (39 in) 77-86 F (25-30 C)
Ancistomus sp.
Gold nugget pleco Baryancistrus sp. 77-86 F (25-30 C)
Dekeyseria sp.
Hemiancistrus sp.
Zebra pleco Hypancistrus sp.
Hypostomus sp. 72-86 F (22-30 C)[14] 6.5-7.5[14]
Lasiancistrus sp.
Leporacanthicus sp.
Panaque Panaque sp.
Clown Pleco Panaqolus sp. 20 gal[15][16] 23.0-28.0 °C or 73.4-82.4 °F[17] 6.8 - 7.6[17]
Peckoltia sp.
Pseudacanthicus sp.
Pineapple pleco, orange cheek pleco Pseudorinelepis genibarbis 36 cm (14 in)
Sunshine pleco Scobinancistrus aureatus 25 cm (9.8 in)
Whiptail catfish Rineloricaria sp. It is a peaceful fish that is best kept in good sized groups (6+) in a mature tank with plenty of shady hiding spots amongst plants, driftwood, slate caves, and PVC pipes.[18] 75-82 F (24-28 C)[18] 6.0-7.2[18]
Twig catfish Farlowella sp.
Sturisomatichthys sp.
Hypoptopoma sp.
Golden dwarf sucker, golden oto Otocinclus macrospilus 3.5 cm (1.4 in)
Zebra dwarf sucker, zebra oto Otocinclus cocama 4.5 cm (1.8 in)
Long-whiskered catfish
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Bolt catfish Aguarunichthys torosus 35 cm (14 in)
Gold Zebra catfish Brachyplatystoma juruense 60 cm (24 in)
Zebra shovelnose Brachyplatystoma tigrinum 60 cm (24 in)
Vulture Catfish, zamurito Calophysus macropterus 40 cm (16 in)
Leiarius marmoratus 100 cm (39 in)
Leiarius pictus 60 cm (24 in)
Redtail catfish Phractocephalus hemioliopterus 120 cm (3.9 ft) Needs at least a 2,600 US gallons (9,800 L) tank when mature, even though this does not provide them with the space to show their natural behaviour.[19] 70–79 °F (21–26 °C)[19] 6.0–7.5[19]
Spotted pimelodus, pictus, pictus catfish Pimelodus pictus 30 cm (12 in)
Sturgeon catfish Platystomatichthys sturio 40 cm (1.3 ft)
Barred sorubim Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum 104 cm (3.41 ft)
Tiger sorubim Pseudoplatystoma tigrinum 130 cm (4.3 ft)
Firewood catfish, (planiceps) shovelnose catfish Sorubimichthys planiceps 178 cm (70 in)
Lima shovelnose catfish Sorubim lima 40 cm (1.3 ft)
Squeakers and upside-down catfish
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Brichard's syno Synodontis brichardi 15 cm (0.49 ft)
Cuckoo squeaker Synodontis multipunctatus 27.5 cm (10.8 in)
Decorated squeaker Synodontis decorus 31.8 cm

(12.5 in)

Even-Spotted squeaker Synodontis petricola 10 cm (3.9 in)
Featherfin squeaker Synodontis eupterus 30 cm

(11.8 in)

Lake Malawi syno Synodontis njassae 20 cm (0.66 ft)
Polka dot syno Synodontis angelicus 9 - 18 cm (3.5-7.1 in)
Pyjama syno Synodontis flavitaeniata 20 cm (0.66 ft)
Upside-down catfish Synodontis nigriventris 9.6 cm (3.8 in) S. nigriventris prefers bottom feeding on Tubifex (or similar worms), but its main diet consists of algae.[20] The blotched upside-down catfish is well suited to aquariums because of its small size (typically 9 or 10 cm or less) and peaceful demeanor.[citation needed] 72–82 °F (22–28 °C)[21] 6.0 - 7.5[21]
Yellow marbled syno, vermiculated syno Synodontis schoutedeni 20 cm (0.66 ft)
Other catfish
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Three-striped African catfish Pareutropius buffei 11.5 cm (4.5 in)
Giraffe catfish Auchenoglanis occidentalis 70 cm (28 in)
Electric catfish Malapterurus electricus 122 cm (48 in)
Eel catfish Channallabes apus 33 cm (13 in)
Black lancer catfish Bagrichthys macracanthus 25 cm (9.8 in)
Harlequin lancer catfish Bagroides melapterus 30 cm (12 in)
Crystal-eyed catfish Hemibagrus wyckii 71 cm (28 in)
Shadow catfish Hyalobagrus flavus 4.5 cm (1.8 in)
Mystus bimaculatus 6.5 cm (2.6 in)
Dwarf bumblebee catfish Pseudomystus leiacanthus 6 cm (2.4 in)
Pseudeutropius moolenburghae 10 cm (3.9 in)
Glass catfish Kryptopterus vitreolus 8 cm (3.1 in).
Striped glass catfish Kryptopterus macrocephalus 10 cm (3.9 in).
Striped wallago catfish Wallago leerii 150 cm (59 in).
Goonch Bagarius lica 200 cm (79 in)
Chocolate frogmouth catfish Chaca bankanensis 20 cm (7.9 in)
Asian banjo catfish Acrochordonichthys rugosus 11 cm (4.3 in)
Walking catfish Clarias batrachus 50 cm (19.5 in) The albino form is common in the aquarium trade. This fish can survive out of the water and "walk" as long as kept wet, for a very long time.[22]
Black catfish, Narrowfront tandan Neosilurus ater 47 cm (19 in)
Stinging catfish Heteropneustes fossilis 30 cm (12 in)
Sun catfish Horabagrus brachysoma 45 cm (18 in)
Asian redtail catfish Hemibagrus wyckioides 130 cm (51 in)
Asian upside down catfish Mystus leucophasis 30 cm (12 in)
Asian bumblebee catfish Pseudomystus siamensis 15 cm (5.9 in)
Indawgyi stream catfish Akysis prashadi 6 cm (2.4 in)
Asian stone catfish Hara jerdoni 4 cm (1.6 in)
Iridescent shark Pangasianodon hypophthalmus 130 cm (51 in)
Chao Phraya giant shark, giant pangasius Pangasius sanitwongsei 300 cm (120 in)
Colombian shark catfish Ariopsis seemanni 35 cm (14 in)
Blue whale catfish Cetopsis coecutiens 27 cm (11 in)
Banjo catfish Bunocephalus coracoideus 14 cm (5.5 in)
Giant raphael catfish Megalodoras uranoscopus 60 cm (24 in)
Ripsaw catfish Oxydoras niger 90 cm (35 in)
Striped raphael catfish Platydoras armatulus 43 cm (17 in)
Spotted raphael catfish Agamyxis pectinifrons 15 cm (5.9 in)
Bottlenose catfish Ageneiosus marmoratus 18.5 cm (7.3 in)
Gulper catfish Asterophysus batrachus 25 cm (9.8 in)
Midnight catfish Auchenipterichthys coracoideus 10 cm (3.9 in)
Oil catfish Duringlanis perugiae 5 cm (2.0 in)
Jaguar catfish Liosomadoras oncinus 17 cm (6.7 in)
Tatia intermedia 12 cm (4.7 in)
Pygmy driftwood catfish Trachelyichthys exilis 8 cm (3.1 in)
Trachelyopterus fisheri 28 cm (11 in)

Characoids[edit]

Tetras
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Arowana tetra Gnathocharax steindachneri 5 cm (2.0 in)
Black phantom tetra Hyphessobrycon megalopterus 3.6 cm (1.4 in)[23] The black phantom tetra enjoy being in groups of 6 or more and a slightly shaded tank. Males may claim small territories and occasionally minor battles may occur. The Phantom tetra goes well with other tetras of similar size. They also prefer floating plants.[24]
Black neon tetra Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi 3.2 cm (1.3 in)[25]
Black tetra, skirt tetra Gymnocorymbus ternetzi 5 cm (2.0 in) A highly spirited fish that may occasionally chase its own species as well as harass slow moving fish with long fins. This fish is very hardy and can stand a variety of water qualities. Disease is not a big problem with the black tetra. The black tetra is also known as the black skirt tetra. The female black tetra is more robust and larger than the male.[26]
Black morpho tetra Poecilocharax weitzmani 5 cm (2.0 in)
Bleeding heart tetra Hyphessobrycon erythrostigma 6.5 cm (2.6 in) The bleeding heart tetra is distinguished by the small red spot on both sides of the fish. This fish is very prone to diseases, and can grow larger than most tetra species.[27]
Bloodfin tetra Aphyocharax anisitsi 5 cm (2.0 in)
Blue tetra Knodus borki 5 cm (2.0 in)
Blueberry tetra Hyphessobrycon wadai 3.5 cm (1.4 in)
Brittanichthys axelrodi 3 cm (1.2 in)
Bucktooth tetra Exodon paradoxus 5 cm (2.0 in)
Buenos Aires tetra Hyphessobrycon anisitsi 7.5 cm (3.0 in)
Cardinal tetra Paracheirodon axelrodi 5 cm (2.0 in) Similar to the Neon Tetra, but slightly larger and doesn't prefer to school as much. They need much larger tanks, although their temperament is similar.[28]
Cave tetra, blind tetra Astyanax mexicanus 12 cm (4.7 in) The cave tetra is the blind cave form of the Mexican tetra. This tetra prefers low to moderate lighting.[29]
Cochu's blue tetra Boehlkea fredcochui 6 cm (2.4 in)
Colombian tetra Hyphessobrycon columbianus 6.5 cm (2.6 in)
Diamond tetra Moenkhausia pittieri 6 cm (2.4 in)
Dawn tetra Aphyocharax paraguayensis 3.5 cm (1.4 in)
Ember tetra Hyphessobrycon amandae 2 cm (0.79 in) Ember tetras have been known to live ten years or more. May become stressed by the presence of larger fish.[30] 50 liters (13 U.S. gal)[31] 24–28 °C (75–82 °F)[31] 5 - 7 pH[31]
Emperor tetra Nematobrycon palmeri 5 cm (2.0 in)
Flame tetra Hyphessobrycon flammeus 2.5 cm (0.98 in)
Flame-back Bleeding heart tetra Hyphessobrycon pyrrhonotus 4.5 cm (1.8 in)
Garnet tetra, pretty tetra Hemigrammus pulcher 6.5 cm (2.6 in)
Glass bloodfin tetra Prionobrama filigera 6 cm (2.4 in)
Glowlight tetra Hemigrammus erythrozonus 3.75 cm (1.48 in)
Golden pristella tetra Pristella maxillaris 5 cm (2.0 in)
Green neon tetra Paracheirodon simulans 2.5 cm (0.98 in) Similar to Neon Tetras and Cardinal Tetras, they are the same to Neon Tetras beside having a green tiny near their top dorsal fin[32]
Head and tail light tetra Hemigrammus ocellifer 4 cm (1.6 in)
Hummingbird tetra Trochilocharax ornatus 2 cm (0.79 in)
January tetra Hemigrammus hyanuary 4 cm (1.6 in)
Lemon tetra Hyphessobrycon pulchripinnis 5 cm (2.0 in)
Neon tetra Paracheirodon innesi 3.75 cm (1.48 in) Neon tetras must be kept in groups of at least a half-dozen, as they are a shoaling species. With peaceful dispositions, they are also able to be kept with other species of non-aggressive fish.[33] 38 L (10 gal)[33] 68 to 79 F (20 to 26 C)[33] 6.0–7.0[34]
Ornate tetra Hyphessobrycon bentosi 4.5 cm (1.8 in)
Penguin tetra, blackline penguinfish Thayeria boehlkei 6.5 cm (2.6 in)
Peruvian tetra Hyphessobrycon peruvianus 4 cm (1.6 in)
Rainbow tetra Nematobrycon lacortei 4 cm (1.6 in)
Red and Blue Peru tetra Hyphessobrycon margitae 4 cm (1.6 in)
Red eye tetra Moenkhausia sanctaefilomenae 4 cm (1.6 in)
Red-line lizard tetra Iguanodectes geisleri 5.5 cm (2.2 in)
Red phantom tetra Hyphessobrycon sweglesi 4.5 cm (1.8 in)
Redflank bloodfin Aphyocharax rathbuni 4.5 cm (1.8 in)
Rosy tetra Hyphessobrycon rosaceus 4 cm (1.6 in)
Royal tetra Inpaichthys kerri 3.5 cm (1.4 in) Possesses an adipose fin allowing it to be differentiated from the Emperor tetra [35]
Ruby tetra Axelrodia riesei 2 cm (0.79 in)
Rummy-nose tetra Hemigrammus rhodostomus 5 cm (2.0 in) This common name is used for three different species of schooling fish with similar patterns: Hemigrammus rhodostomus, Hemigrammus bleheri, and Petitella georgiae.
False rummy-nose tetra Petitella georgiae 5 cm (2.0 in) This common name is used for three different species of schooling fish with similar patterns: Hemigrammus rhodostomus, Hemigrammus bleheri, and Petitella georgiae.
Splash tetra Copella arnoldi 5.5 cm (2.2 in)
Spotted splashing tetra Copella meinkeni 4.5 cm (1.8 in)
Pyrrhulina spilota 7 cm (2.8 in)
Serpae tetra Hyphessobrycon serpae 4.5 cm (1.8 in)
Silvertip tetra Hasemania nana 3 cm (1.2 in)
Tucanoichthys tucano 2 cm (0.79 in)
X-ray tetra Pristella maxillaris 4.5 cm (1.8 in) Also just called the X-ray fish.
Yellow phantom tetra Hyphessobrycon roseus 2 cm (0.79 in)
African moon tetra Bathyaethiops caudomaculatus 8 cm (3.1 in)
Congo tetra Phenacogrammus interruptus 7.5 cm (3.0 in) Peaceful but may scare shy species with its active swimming and large adult size. Recommended for most community tanks however. Do not keep congo tetras with fin-nipping species as the spectacular fins of the males will be destroyed.[36] 108 L (28.5 gal)[36] 73-82 °F (23-28 °C)[36] 6.0-7.5[36]
Phenacogrammus aurantiacus 10 cm (3.9 in)
Jellybean tetra Ladigesia roloffi 3 cm (1.2 in)
Long-fin tetra Brycinus longipinnis 12.5 cm (4.9 in)
Niger tetra Arnoldichthys spilopterus 10 cm (3.9 in)
Alestopetersius brichardi 8 cm (3.1 in)
Yellow-tailed Congo tetra Alestopetersius caudalis 6 cm (2.4 in)
Hatchetfish
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Common hatchetfish Gasteropelecus sternicla 4 cm (1.6 in) Requires a varied diet including fruit flies[37][38]
Marbled hatchetfish Carnegiella strigata 5 cm (2.0 in) Requires a varied diet including fruit flies[38][37]
Black-winged hatchetfish Carnegiella marthae 4 cm (1.6 in)
Pygmy hatchetfish Carnegiella myersi 2.2 cm (0.87 in)
Pencil fishes
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Golden pencilfish Nannostomus beckfordi 6 cm (2.4 in)
Hockeystick pencilfish Nannostomus eques 3.5 cm (1.4 in)
Barred pencilfish Nannostomus espei 3 cm (1.2 in)
Dwarf pencilfish Nannostomus marginatus 2.5 cm (0.98 in)
Coral-red pencilfish Nannostomus mortenthaleri 3 cm (1.2 in)
Nannostomus nigrotaeniatus 3 cm (1.2 in)
Three-lined pencilfish Nannostomus trifasciatus 3 cm (1.2 in)
One-lined Pencilfish Nannostomus unifasciatus 4 cm (1.6 in)
Serrasalminae (pacus, piranhas, and silver dollars)
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Silver dollar Metynnis argenteus 15 cm (5.9 in) The name "silver dollar" may also refer to Metynnis hypsauchen, Metynnis maculatus, or other related fishes.
Schreitmuller's metynnis Metynnis hypsauchen 14 cm (5.5 in)
Spotted silver dollar Metynnis lippincottianus 13 cm (5.1 in)
Red-bellied pacu Colossoma bidens 120 cm (3.9 ft) 78–82 °F (26–28 °C)
Red piranha Pygocentrus nattereri 33 cm (13 in)
Redeye piranha, black piranha Serrasalmus rhombeus 41.5 cm (16.3 in)
Wimple piranha Catoprion mento 15 cm (5.9 in)
Mylossoma aureum 30 cm (12 in)
Disk tetra Myleus schomburgkii 40 cm (16 in) 23 °C to 27 °C 5.0–7.0
Other Characins
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
African pike characin Hepsetus odoe
Goliath tigerfish Hydrocynus goliath 133 cm (52 in)
Spotted pike-characin Boulengerella maculata 32 cm (13 in)
Hujeta gar Ctenolucius hujeta 25 cm (9.8 in)
Slender hemiodus Hemiodus gracilis 16 cm (6.3 in)
Kissing prochilodus, flagtail Prochilodus Semaprochilodus insignis 27.5 cm (10.8 in)
Marbled headstander Abramites hypselonotus 14 cm (5.5 in)[39]
Banded leporinus Leporinus fasciatus 27 cm (11 in)
Striped headstander Anostomus anostomus 16 cm (6.3 in)
Synaptolaemus latofasciatus 11 cm (4.3 in)
Siver distichodus Distichodus affinis 20 cm (7.9 in)
Six-banded distichodus Distichodus sexfasciatus 75 cm (30 in)
Neolebias ansorgii 3.5 cm (1.4 in)
Payara Hydrolycus scomberoides 117 cm (46 in)
Pink-tail chalceus Chalceus macrolepidotus 25 cm (9.8 in)
Red wolf fish Erythrinus erythrinus 20 cm (7.9 in)
Red tail barracuda Acestrorhynchus falcatus 30 cm (12 in)
Spotted headstander Chilodus punctatus 8 cm (3.1 in)

Cichlids[edit]

Lake Malawi cichlids
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Sunshine peacock cichlid Aulonocara baenschi 15 cm (5.9 in)
Pale usisya aulonocara Aulonocara steveni
Red fin hap Copadichromis borleyi
Eureka red peacock Aulonocara jacobfreibergi 15 cm (5.9 in)
Spilo Champsochromis spilorhynchus 40 cm (16 in)
Blue dolphin cichlid, lumphead cichlid Cyrtocara moorii 25 cm (9.8 in)
Afra cichlid, dogtooth cichild Cynotilapia afra 10 cm (3.9 in)
Rusty cichlid, lavender cichild Iodotropheus sprengerae 10 cm (3.9 in)
Fuelleborn's cichlid, Blue mbuna Labeotropheus fuelleborni 18 cm (7.1 in)
Electric yellow cichlid Labidochromis caeruleus 20 cm (7.9 in)
Electric blue cichlid Sciaenochromis fryeri
Malawi eyebiter Dimidiochromis compressiceps
Hongi, Red-top kimpumpa Labidochromis sp. "Hongi" 13 cm (5.1 in)
Yellow Top Mbamba Labidochromis sp. "Mbamba Bay" 13 cm (5.1 in)
Auratus cichlid, Malawi golden cichlid Melanochromis auratus 10 cm (3.9 in)
Chipokee cichlid Melanochromis chipokae 12 cm (4.7 in)
Blue johanni cichlid, Maingano Melanochromis cyaneorhabdos 10 cm (3.9 in)
Pearl of Likoma Melanochromis joanjohnsonae 10 cm (3.9 in)
Aurora Melanochromis aurora 10 cm (3.9 in)
Red zebra cichlid Metriaclima estherae 10 cm (3.9 in)
Cobalt blue cichlid, cobalt zebra cichlid Maylandia callainos 10 cm (3.9 in)
Kenyi cichlid Maylandia lombardoi 13 cm (5.1 in)
Fusco Nimbochromis fuscotaeniatus 25 cm (9.8 in)
Livingston's cichlid Nimbochromis livingstonii 25 cm (9.8 in)
Kaligono Nimbochromis polystigma 30 cm (12 in)
Venustus cichlid, giraffe cichild Nimbochromis venustus 25 cm (9.8 in)
Red empress cichlid Protomelas taeniolatus 15 cm (5.9 in)
Bumblebee cichlid, hornet cichlid Pseudotropheus crabro 15 cm (5.9 in)
Yellow-tail acei Pseudotropheus acei 10 cm (3.9 in)
Johanni cichlid Pseudotropheus johannii 10 cm (3.9 in)
Dwarf Mbuna Pseudotropheus demasoni 10 cm (3.9 in)
Saulosi Pseudotropheus saulosi 7.5 cm (3.0 in)
Malawi barracuda Rhampsochromis cf. macrophthalmus 23 cm (9.1 in)
Tyrannochromis macrostoma 38 cm (15 in)
Lake Tanganyika cichlids
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Calvus Altolamprologus calvus 14 cm (5.5 in)
Compressiceps Altolamprologus compressiceps 12 cm (4.7 in)
Benthochromis tricoti
Boulengerochromis microlepis 90 cm (35 in)
Frontosa cichild Cyphotilapia frontosa 40 cm (16 in)
Cyathopharynx furcifer
Variabilichromis moorii
Frontosa cichild Cyphotilapia gibberosa 40 cm (16 in)
Julie cichlid Julidochromis dickfeldi
Masked Julie Julidochromis marlieri 15 cm (5.9 in) fem / 10 cm (3.9 in) male
Golden Julie Julidochromis ornatus
Julie cichlid Julidochromis regani 15 cm (5.9 in) fem / 10 cm (3.9 in) male
Julie cichlid Julidochromis transcriptus 10 cm (3.9 in)
Herring cichlid, sardine cichlid Cyprichromis leptosoma
Ectodus descampsii
Chalinochromis spp.
Neolamprologus multifasciatus 3.8 cm (1.5 in)
Lamprologus ocellatus 5 cm (2.0 in)
Neolamprologus similis 3.8 cm (1.5 in) A small shell-dwelling cichlid from Lake Tanganyika. Very similar to N. multifsciatus but similis has striping from the body continue to the head
Lobochilotes labiatus 40 cm (16 in)
Lyretail cichlid, fairy cichlid Neolamprologus brichardi 10 cm (3.9 in)
Lemon cichlid Neolamprologus leleupi 11.5 cm (4.5 in)
Featherfin Ophthalmotilapia ventralis 15 cm (5.9 in)
Petrochromis trewavasae 20 cm (7.9 in)
Simochromis pleurospilus 10 cm (3.9 in)
Tropheus duboisi 13 cm (5.1 in)
Tropheus moorii 14 cm (5.5 in)
Tropheus polli 14 cm (5.5 in)
Lake Victoria cichlids
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Astatotilapia aenocolor 13 cm (5.1 in)
Astatotilapia elegans 10 cm (3.9 in)
Zebra obliquidens Astatotilapia latifasciata 11.5 cm (4.5 in)
Astatotilapia nubila 11.5 cm (4.5 in)
Astatotilapia piceatus 10 cm (3.9 in)
Astatotilapia schubotziellus 10 cm (3.9 in)
Astatotilapia sp. "Red Tail" 11.5 cm (4.5 in)
Astatotilapia sp. "Spot Bar" 13 cm (5.1 in)
Allauad's haplo Astatoreochromis alluaudi
Hippo Point Salmon Ptyochromis sp. "Hippo Point Salmon" 14 cm (5.5 in)
Flameback Pundamilia nyererei 10 cm (3.9 in)
Xystichromis phytophagus 10 cm (3.9 in)
Miscellaneous African cichlids (non-Rift Lake)
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
African butterfly cichlid Anomalochromis thomasi
Jewel cichlid, two-spotted jewel cichlid Hemichromis bimaculatus 4-5 inch
Lionhead cichlid Steatocranus casuarius
Lifalili jewel cichlid, blood-red jewel cichlid Hemichromis lifalili
Kribensis, krib Pelvicachromis pulcher
Kribensis, krib Pelvicachromis taeniatus
Guenther's Mouthbrooder Chromidotilapia guentheri
Dwarf cichlids (apistogrammas, rams and others)
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Agassiz's dwarf cichlid Apistogramma agassizii
Zebra acara Ivanacara adoketa
Yellow dwarf cichlid Apistogramma borellii
Cockatoo dwarf cichlid Apistogramma cacatuoides
Panda dwarf cichlid Apistogramma nijsseni
Three-Stripe Dwarf Cichlid Apistogramma trifasciata
Apistogramma eremnopyge
Two-Stripe Dwarf Cichlid Apistogramma bitaeniata 7.5 cm (3.0 in)
Checkerboard Cichlid Dicrossus filamentosus
Blue ram, German ram, German Ramirezi Mikrogeophagus ramirezi 5.0 cm (2.0 in)[40] These small and colorful fish require precise water parameters, and if you don't meet those parameters, your fish could be severely impacted.[40] 10 U.S. gal (38 L)[40] 78 - 85 F (25.5 - 29.4 C)[40] 6.0 – 7.5[40]
Bolivian ram Mikrogeophagus altispinosa
Dwarf flag cichlid Laetacara curviceps
Central American cichlids
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Midas cichlid Amphilophus citrinellus 35 cm (14.in) commonly confused with red devil cichlids, but it is an entirely different species [41]
Poor man's tropheus Hypsophrys nematopus
Red devil cichlid Amphilophus labiatus
Firemouth cichlid Cichlasoma meeki
Jack Dempsey cichlid Rocio octofasciata
Jaguar cichlid, managuense cichlid Parachromis managuensis
Mayan cichlid Mayaheros urophthalmus
Convict cichlid Archocentrus nigrofasciatus
T-bar cichlid Amatitlania sajica
Wolf cichlid Parachromis dovii
Texas cichlid, Rio Grande cichlid Herichthys cyanoguttatus
South American cichlids
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Green terror Andinoacara rivulatus
Blue acara Andinoacara pulcher
Thread-finned acara Acarichthys heckelii
Eartheater cichlid Geophagus altifrons
Demon eartheater Satanoperca jurupari
Greenstreaked Eartheater, cupid cichlid Biotodoma cupido
Keyhole cichlid Cleithracara maronii
Flag cichlid Mesonauta festivus
Angelfish Pterophyllum scalare 15 cm (5.9 in) In an enclosed tank habitat, the fish's territorial, aggressive nature is heightened, so don't house angelfish with shy species that are intimidated by pushy, boisterous fish.[42] 75–82 °F (25–28 °C)[42] 6.8 – 7[42]
Altum angelfish Pterophyllum altum
Spotted angelfish Pterophyllum leopoldi
Common discus, red discus Symphysodon discus 20 cm (7.9 in)
Blue discus, green discus Symphysodon aequifasciatus 20 cm (7.9 in)
Oscar Astronotus ocellatus 45 cm (18 in) Many people that purchase these fish do not realize that the fish could grow to a foot long (30 cm) within a year. Due to their fast growth rate and large size as an adult, they are often kept in aquariums that are too small for them.[43] 72-80 °F (22-27 °C)[43] 6.0-7.5[43]
Chocolate cichlid Hypselecara temporalis
Severum Heros efasciatus
Uaru, waroo Uaru amphiacanthoides Also known as the Triangle Cichlid.
Zebra Pike Cichlid Crenicichla zebrina
Butterfly peacock bass Cichla ocellaris
Orinoco peacock bass Cichla orinocensis
Speckled peacock bass Cichla temensis
Other cichlids
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Canara pearlspot Etroplus canarensis
Green chromide Etroplus suratensis
Orange chromide Pseudetroplus maculatus
Pinstripe damba Paretroplus menarambo
Blood parrot cichlid (Amphilophus citrinellus × Vieja melanurus) 20 cm( 8 in) Not considered a separate species of cichlid but a hybrid.[44]
Flowerhorn cichlid Cichlasoma sp. 25 cm (9.8 in) Not considered a separate species of cichlid but a hybrid.[44]

Cyprinids[edit]

Barbs
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
African banded barb Enteromius fasciolatus 6 cm (2.4 in)
African butterfly barb Enteromius hulstaerti 3.5 cm (1.4 in)
Jae barb Enteromius jae 4 cm (1.6 in)
Arulius barb Dawkinsia arulius 12 cm (4.7 in) 66 °F to 77 °F (19°-25 °C) 6 – 8
Bigspot barb, Duncker's barb Barbodes dunckeri 13 cm (5.1 in) 72 - 85 °F (22 - 29 °C) 6 - 7
Black ruby barb Pethia nigrofasciatus 6.5 cm (2.6 in)
Cherry barb Puntius titteya 4.8 cm (1.9 in)
Denison's barb, red line torpedo barb Sahyadria denisonii 15 cm (5.9 in)
Drape fin barb Oreichthys crenuchoides 4.5 cm (1.8 in)
Gold barb Barbodes semifasciolatus 8 cm (3.1 in)
Golden barb Pethia gelius 5 cm (2.0 in)
Odessa barb Pethia padamya 8 cm (3.1 in)
Melon barb Haludaria fasciata 15 cm (5.9 in)
Mascara Barb Dawkinsia assimilis 12 cm (4.7 in) 66 °F to 77 °F (19°-25 °C) 6 – 8
Dawkinsia rohani 12 cm (4.7 in) 66 °F to 77 °F (19°-25 °C) 6 – 8
Dawkinsia tambraparniei 12 cm (4.7 in) 66 °F to 77 °F (19°-25 °C) 6 – 8
Narayan barb Pethia setnai 6 cm (2.4 in)
Rosy barb Pethia conchonius 13 cm (5.1 in)
Sawbwa barb Sawbwa resplendens 3 cm (1.2 in)
Tic-tac-toe barb Pethia stoliczkana 5 cm (2.0 in)
Tiger barb, sumatra barb Puntigrus tetrazona 7.5 cm (3.0 in) Keep in shoals of 8 or 10 to prevent aggression[45]
Partipentazona barb Puntigrus partipentazona 3.8 cm (1.5 in)
Spanner barb, t-barb Barbodes lateristriga 20 cm (7.9 in)
Fiveband barb, pentazona barb Desmopuntius hexazona 5 cm (2.0 in)
Snakeskin barb Desmopuntius rhomboocellatus 3.5 inches
Checker barb Oliotius oligolepis 5 cm (2.0 in)
Other cyprinids
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Tinfoil barb Barbonymus schwanenfeldii 36 cm (14 in)
Giant sword minnow Macrochirichthys macrochirus 100 cm (39 in)
Hampala barb Hampala macrolepidota 70 cm (28 in)
Mad barb Leptobarbus hoevenii 100 cm (39 in)
Bala shark Balantiocheilus melanopterus 40 cm (16 in) Grows large, needs lots of swimming room and is a schooling fish so a 125 gallon would be good for 3-4[46]
Black shark Labeo chrysophekadion 90 cm (35 in)
Apollo Shark Luciosoma setigerum 22 cm (8.7 in)
Siamese algae eater, fringe barb Crossocheilus langei 16 cm (6.3 in) Many other fish in the order Cypriniformes are also sold under this name. Very likely to jump out of the aquarium especially after reaching adult size. Very useful for getting rid of algae when it is young but prefer fish food upon reaching adulthood.[47]
Cyclocheilichthys janthochir 20 cm (7.9 in)
Flying fox (fish) Epalzeorhynchos kalopterus 16 cm (6.3 in)
Red-tailed black shark Epalzeorhynchos bicolor 13 cm (5.1 in)
Rainbow shark Epalzeorhynchos frenatum 15 cm (5.9 in)
Cambodian log sucker, false Siamese algae eater Garra cambodgiensis
Jullien's golden carp Probarbus jullieni 150 cm (59 in)
Chinese algae eater Gyrinocheilus aymonieri This species may be sold under a variety of common names, including Siamese algae eater, Chinese algae eater, golden algae eater, or sucking loach. A gold colored form also exists.
Rasboras
Common name Scientific name Image Size Tank size Tank size Temperature range pH range
Harlequin rasbora Trigonostigma heteromorpha 5 cm (2.0 in) Also known as Harlequin tetra or Harlequin barb.
Glowlight rasbora Trigonostigma hengeli 5 cm (2.0 in)
Red-striped rasbora Trigonopoma pauciperforata 7.5 cm (3.0 in) 22–29 °C (72–84 °F)
Trigonopoma gracile 5.5 cm (2.2 in) 22–29 °C (72–84 °F)
Chili rasbora Boraras brigittae 2 cm (0.79 in) Should be kept in acidic water which can be difficult to maintain for most beginners in the aquarium hobby.[48] 5 U.S. gallons (19 L)[48] 20–28 °C (68–82 °F)[48] 5-6[48]
Dwarf rasbora Boraras maculatus 2.5 cm (0.98 in)
Phoenix rasbora Boraras merah 2 cm (0.79 in)
Eyespot rasbora Brevibora dorsiocellata 3.5 cm (1.4 in)
Kottelatia brittani 6 cm (2.4 in)
Rasbora cephalotaenia 13 cm (5.1 in)
Brilliant rasbora Rasbora einthovenii 9 cm (3.5 in)
Clown rasbora Rasbora kalochroma 10 cm (3.9 in)
Rasbora patrickyapi 6 cm (2.4 in)
Scissortail rasbora Rasbora trilineata 15 cm (5.9 in)
Volcano rasbora Rasbora vulcanus 5 cm (2.0 in)
Microdevario kubotai 2 cm (0.79 in)
Blackline rasbora, red-tailed rasbora Rasbora borapetensis
Espei rasbora Trigonostigma espei 5 cm (2.0 in)
Fire rasbora Rasboroides vaterifloris 4 cm (1.6 in)
Danios and other danionins
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Sundadanio axelrodi 2 cm (0.79 in)
Pearl danio Danio albolineatus 6.5 cm (2.6 in) subspecies:blue-redstripe danio, Kedah danio
Barred danio Devario pathirana 6 cm (2.4 in)
Celestial Pearl danio Danio margaritatus 2 cm (0.79 in)
Emerald dwarf danio Danio erythromicron 2 cm (0.79 in)
Fireline devario Devario sondhii 4.5 cm (1.8 in)
Giant danio Devario aequipinnatus
Devario auropurpureus 8 cm (3.1 in)
Glowlight danio Danio choprae 4 cm (1.6 in)
Gold-ring danio Danio tinwini 2 cm (0.79 in)
Malabar danio Devario malabaricus 11.5–14 cm (4.5–5.5 in)
Ocelot danio Danio kyathit 6 cm (2.4 in)
Spotted danio Danio nigrofasciatus
Turquoise danio Danio kerri
Zebra danio Danio rerio 5 cm (2.0 in)
Barilius ardens 10 cm (3.9 in)
Opsarius pulchellus 11 cm (4.3 in)
Cold-water cyprinids
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Goldfish Carassius auratus 15+ cm (6+ in) variations: Black Moor, Bubble Eye, Butterfly Tail, Calico, Celestial Eye, Comet, Common, Fantail, Lionchu, Lionhead, Oranda, Panda Moor, Pearlscale, Pompom, Ranchu, Ryukin, Shubunkin, Telescope eye, Veiltail.
Koi, common carp Cyprinus carpio 30+ cm (12+ in)
Bitterling Rhodeus amarus 10 cm (4 in)
White Cloud Mountain minnow Tanichthys albonubes 3.8 cm (1.5 in)
Red shiner Cyprinella lutrensis 5–9 cm (2.0–3.5 in)
Common dace Leuciscus leuciscus 40 cm (16 in) 39 to 72 °F (4 to 22 °C) 6.0 to 8.0
Rosy red minnow, fathead minnow Pimephales promelas 5–7.5 cm (2.0–3.0 in) 10–21 °C (50–70 °F) 7.0 - 7.5
Rainbow shiner Notropis chrosomus
European minnow Phoxinus phoxinus
Southern redbelly dace Phoxinus erythrogaster 7.5–10 cm (3.0–3.9 in)
Tench Tinca tinca
Golden orfe Leuciscus idus
Chinese high fin banded shark Myxocyprinus asiaticus 60 cm (24 in)

Loaches[edit]

Loaches
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Borneo hillstream loach Gastromyzon sp. 6–8 cm (2.4–3.1 in) Eats mainly algae. High oxygen level and water quality are greatly appreciated in addition to a strong current (but not needed as many sources claim)[49] 10 U.S. gal (38 L)[50] 18–25 °C (64–77 °F)[50] 6.5 – 8.0 pH[50]
Clown loach Chromobotia macracanthus 20 cm (7.9 in)
Green tiger loach Syncrossus hymenophysa 21 cm (8.3 in)
Fire-eyed loach Barbucca diabolica 2.5 cm (0.98 in)
Fork-tailed loach Vaillantella maassi 12.5 cm (4.9 in)
Horseface loach Acantopsis dialuzona 20 cm (7.9 in)
Pangio anguillaris 12 cm (4.7 in)
Pangio cuneovirgata 6 cm (2.4 in)
Java loach Pangio oblonga 8 cm (3.1 in) 6.2 to 7.0
Pangio shelfordii 8 cm (3.1 in)
Kuhli loach, coolie loach Pangio semicincta 10 cm (3.9 in) The natural habitat of the kuhli loach is the sandy beds of slow-moving rivers and clean mountain streams. They are a social fish and are typically found in small clusters (they are not schooling fish but enjoy the company of their species), but are cautious and nocturnal by nature and swim near the bottom where they feed around obstacles. Kuhli loaches are scavengers, so they will eat anything that reaches the bottom.[citation needed] 75–86 °F (24–30 °C) 5.5 – 6.5
Saddle-back Loach Homaloptera orthogoniata 13 cm (5.1 in) The Saddleback Loach will thrive in an aquarium with a good amount of water flow and aeration, considerable amounts of hiding places formed by rocks or driftwood and smooth pebbles and stones to graze on.[51] 68 - 78 F (20 - 25.6 C)[51] 6 - 7.5[51]
Dwarf botia Ambastaia sidthimunki 5.5 cm (2.2 in) Formerly named Botia sidthimunki.
Bengal loach Botia dario 15 cm (5.9 in) Also known as the Queen loach.
Botia histrionica 12 cm (4.7 in)
Gangetic loach Botia rostrata 25 cm (9.8 in)
Polka-Dot Loach Botia kubotai 12 cm (4.7 in)
Yoyo loach Botia almorhae 15 cm (5.9 in)
Zebra loach Botia striata 9 cm (3.5 in)
Redtail loach Yasuhikotakia modesta 25 cm (9.8 in)
Skunk loach Yasuhikotakia morleti 10 cm (3.9 in) Formerly named Botia morleti
Yasuhikotakia splendida 10 cm (3.9 in)
Banded tiger loach Syncrossus helodes 30 cm (12 in)
Redfin tiger loach Syncrossus berdmorei 15 cm (5.9 in)
Golden zebra loach Sinibotia pulchra 10 cm (3.9 in)
Imperial flower loach Leptobotia elongata 50 cm (20 in)
Butterfly hillstream loach Beaufortia kweichowensis 8 cm (3.1 in) Eats mainly algae. High oxygen level and water quality are greatly appreciated in addition to a strong current (but not needed as many sources claim)[49]
Panda loach Yaoshania pachychilus 6 cm (2.4 in)
Tiger hillstream loach Sewellia lineolata 6 cm (2.4 in) Eats mainly algae. High oxygen level and water quality are greatly appreciated in addition to a strong current (but not needed as many sources claim)[49]
Rosy loach Physoschistura mango 3 cm (1.2 in)
Sumo loach Schistura balteata 8 cm (3.1 in)
Zodiac loach Mesonoemacheilus triangularis 6 cm (2.4 in)
Serpenticobitis octozona 5.5 cm (2.2 in)
Weather Loach[52] Misgurnus anguillicaudatus[53] 30 centimetres (12 in) Sensitive to changes in barometric pressure[54]

Live-bearers[edit]

Guppies and mollies
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Guppy Poecilia reticulata 5 cm (2.0 in) Many color and tail pattern varieties exist. They generally need a ratio of 1 male to 2 females or more. All guppies and mollies are hardy fish that tolerate lower oxygen levels and temperatures than most aquarium fish, give birth to live young, and readily breed in home tanks.[55] can live in full sea water[56] 66 °F - 84 °F (19 °C - 29 °C) 7 - 8
Endler's livebearer Poecilia wingei 3.8 cm (1.5 in)
Black molly Poecilia sphenops 10 cm (3.9 in) Can live in full sea water[56]
Sailfin molly Poecilia latipinna 10 cm (3.9 in) Gold and silver varieties commonly found; also thrive in brackish water/ full sea water[56]
Dalmatian molly hybrid 5 cm (2.0 in) The dalmatian molly is a hybrid color variation that can be generated by crossing some species of Poecilia, like P. sphenops and P. latipinna. The variety "Dalmatian" is spotted alike to a Dalmatian dog. Can live in full sea water[56]
Lyretail Molly hybrid 5 cm (2.0 in) Lyretail Mollies are available in all of these species, can be cross bred with any species of Molly. Can live in full sea water[56]
Platies and swordtails
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Southern platy Xiphophorus maculatus 6 cm (2.4 in)
Variable platy Xiphophorus variatus 6 cm (2.4 in)
Green swordtail Xiphophorus hellerii 15 cm (5.9 in)
Other Livebearers, like Gambusia
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Largescale four-eyed fish Anableps anableps 30 cm (12 in)
Pike topminnow Belonesox belizanus 6 cm (2.4 in)
Redtail splitfin Xenotoca eiseni 6 cm (2.4 in)
Cuban lima Limia vittata 8 cm (3.1 in)
Knife livebearer Alfaro cultratus 7.5 cm (3.0 in)
Least killifish Heterandria formosa 3.5 cm (1.4 in)
Metallic livebearer Girardinus metallicus 5 cm (2.0 in)
Tanganyika killifish Lamprichthys tanganicanus 15 cm (5.9 in)
Norman's lampeye Poropanchax normani 4.5 cm (1.8 in)
Large finned lampeye Procatopus nototaenia 6 cm (2.4 in)
Variable lampeye Procatopus similis 6 cm (2.4 in)
Celebes halfbeak Nomorhamphus liemi 8 cm (3.1 in)
Wrestling halfbeak Dermogenys pusilla 7.5 cm (3.0 in)[57] Wrestling Halfbeaks are best kept in groups, composed of either a single male with several females, or, in more spacious quarters with ample visual barriers, larger mixed groups containing at least six males. 75-82 F (24-28 C) [57] 7 - 8[57]
Forest halfbeak Hemirhamphodon pogonognathus 10 cm (3.9 in)
Hemirhamphodon tengah 3.5 cm (1.4 in)

Killifish[edit]

African killifishes
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Broken-line killifish Aphyosemion ogoense 5 cm (2.0 in)
Gabon killifish Aphyosemion gabunense 5 cm (2.0 in)
Gabon jewelfish Aphyosemion cyanostictum 6.5 cm (2.6 in)
Lyretail panchax Aphyosemion australe 6 cm (2.4 in)
Red-striped killifish Aphyosemion striatum 6 cm (2.4 in)
Two-striped killifish Aphyosemion bitaeniatum 5 cm (2.0 in)
Twostripe lyretail Aphyosemion bivittatum 5 cm (2.0 in)
Blue lyretail Fundulopanchax gardneri 5 cm (2.0 in)
Blue gularis Fundulopanchax sjostedti 13 cm (5.1 in)
Fundulopanchax scheeli 6 cm (2.4 in)
Clown Killifish, rocket killifish Epiplatys annulatus 3.5 cm (1.4 in) 50 L (13 U.S. gal) 25–27 °C (77–81 °F) 6 - 7 pH
Redchin panchax Epiplatys dageti 6 cm (2.4 in)
Bluefin Notho, Rachow's Notho, Rainbow Notho Nothobranchius rachovii 6 cm (2.4 in)
Redtail notho Nothobranchius guentheri 3.5 cm (1.4 in)
Nothobranchius eggersi 5 cm (2.0 in)
Nothobranchius korthausae 5 cm (2.0 in)
Nothobranchius palmqvisti 5 cm (2.0 in)
Other killifishes
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Blue panchax Aplocheilus armatus 9 cm (3.5 in)
Ceylon killifish Aplocheilus dayi 9 cm (3.5 in)
Striped panchax, Golden Wonder Aplocheilus lineatus 10 cm (3.9 in)
Madagascar panchax Pachypanchax sakaramyi 9 cm (3.5 in)
Playfair's panchax Pachypanchax playfairii 10 cm (3.9 in)
Powder-blue Panchax Pachypanchax omalonotus 9 cm (3.5 in)
American flagfish Jordanella floridae 6 cm (2.4 in) Native to SE United States
Arabian toothcarp Aphaniops dispar 7 cm (2.8 in)
Argentine pearl Austrolebias nigripinnis 7 cm (2.8 in)
Laimosemion xiphidius 5.5 cm (2.2 in)
Lyrefin pearlfish Simpsonichthys boitonei 4.5 cm (1.8 in)
Saberfin killie Terranatos dolichopterus 4 cm (1.6 in)
Javanese ricefish Oryzias javanicus 3.5 cm (1.4 in)
Daisy's Ricefish Oryzias woworae 2.5–3 cm (0.98–1.18 in)

Labyrinth fish[edit]

Gourami
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Ceylonese combtail Belontia signata 18 cm (7.1 in)
Siamese fighting fish (sometimes Betta, esp. US) Betta splendens 7.5 cm (3.0 in) Betta is the name of the genus that includes more than 60 species other than the Siamese fighting fish. 5 gal [58] 72–82 °F (22–28 °C)[58] 6.5-7.5[58]
Emerald betta Betta smaragdina 7 cm (2.8 in)
Spotfin betta Betta macrostoma 10 cm (3.9 in)
Frail gourami Ctenops nobilis 4 cm (1.6 in)
Black paradisefish Macropodus spechti 8 cm (3.1 in)
Paradise fish Macropodus opercularis 7.5 cm (3.0 in)
Round tail paradisefish Macropodus ocellatus 8.5 cm (3.3 in)
Ornate paradisefish Malpulutta kretseri 4 cm (1.6 in)
Eyespot gourami Parasphaerichthys ocellatus 5 cm (2.0 in)
Brown Spike-tailed paradisefish Pseudosphromenus dayi 4 cm (1.6 in)
Honey gourami Trichogaster chuna 5.5 cm (2.2 in)
Dwarf gourami Trichogaster lalius 5 cm (2.0 in) Suitable for small to mid-sized aquariums but cannot compete with more aggressive fish and males kept together may fight. Several color varieties available. Massive inbreeding has led to high rates of Dwarf gourami iridovirus (DGIV) in pet store fish.[59] 72 – 82 °F (22 – 27 °C) [60] 6 - 7.5[60]
Thick-lipped gourami Trichogaster labiosa 9 cm (3.5 in)
Moonlight gourami Trichopodus microlepis 15 cm (5.9 in)
Snakeskin gourami Trichopodus pectoralis 20 cm (7.9 in)
Pygmy gourami, Sparkling gourami Trichopsis pumila 3.8 cm (1.5 in)
Malay combtail Belontia hasselti 20 cm (7.9 in)
Betta albimarginata 3 cm (1.2 in)
Betta brownorum 3 cm (1.2 in)
Betta burdigala 3.5 cm (1.4 in)
Betta channoides 3 cm (1.2 in)
Scarlet betta Betta coccina 4 cm (1.6 in)
Betta foerschi 5 cm (2.0 in)
Betta hendra 4 cm (1.6 in)
Crescent betta Betta imbellis 6 cm (2.4 in)
Betta mandor 5 cm (2.0 in)
Betta miniopinna 3.5 cm (1.4 in)
Betta persephone 3.5 cm (1.4 in)
Toba betta Betta rubra 4 cm (1.6 in)
Betta rutilans 3.5 cm (1.4 in)
Betta uberis 3.5 cm (1.4 in)
Giant pikehead Luciocephalus pulcher 20 cm (7.9 in)
Peppermint pikehead Luciocephalus aura 10 cm (3.9 in)
Parosphromenus anjunganensis 3 cm (1.2 in)
Parosphromenus bintan 3 cm (1.2 in)
Parosphromenus deissneri 3 cm (1.2 in)
Parosphromenus filamentosus 3 cm (1.2 in)
Parosphromenus linkei 3 cm (1.2 in)
Parosphromenus opallios 3 cm (1.2 in)
Parosphromenus ornaticauda 3 cm (1.2 in)
Parosphromenus phoenicurus 3 cm (1.2 in)
Parosphromenus quindecim 3 cm (1.2 in)
Chocolate gourami Sphaerichthys osphromenoides 6 cm (2.4 in)
Crossband chocolate gourami Sphaerichthys selatanensis 4 cm (1.6 in)
Samurai gourami Sphaerichthys vaillanti 4 cm (1.6 in)
Pearl gourami Trichopodus leerii 11.5 cm (4.5 in)
Three spot gourami Trichopodus trichopterus 10 cm (3.9 in)
Croaking gourami Trichopsis vittata 6.5 cm (2.6 in)
Giant gourami Osphronemus goramy 60 cm (24 in)
Other labyrinth fishes
Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Kissing gourami Helostoma temminckii 15 cm (5.9 in)
Climbing perch Anabas testudineus 20 cm (7.9 in)
Leopard bush fish Ctenopoma acutirostre 15 cm (5.9 in)
Mottled ctenopoma Ctenopoma weeksii 12 cm (4.7 in)
Tailspot ctenopoma Ctenopoma kingsleyae 20 cm (7.9 in)
Ornate ctenopoma Microctenopoma ansorgii 5 cm (2.0 in)
Blue badis Badis badis 7 cm (2.8 in)
Scarlet badis Dario dario 1.5 cm (0.59 in)
Black tiger dario Dario tigris 2.5 cm (0.98 in)
Bornean leaffish Nandus nebulosus 12 cm (4.7 in)
Malayan leaffish Pristolepis fasciata 20 cm (7.9 in)
Forest snakehead Channa lucius 40 cm (16 in) Illegal to possess live in the USA without a permit[61]
Dwarf snakehead Channa gachua 20 cm (7.9 in) Illegal to possess live in the USA without a permit[61]
Emperor snakehead Channa marulioides 65 cm (26 in) Illegal to possess live in the USA without a permit[61]
Giant snakehead Channa micropeltes 130 cm (51 in) Illegal to possess live in the USA without a permit[61]
Ocellated snakehead Channa pleurophthalma 35 cm (14 in) Illegal to possess live in the USA without a permit[61]
Orange-spotted snakehead Channa aurantimaculata 36 cm (14 in)
Barca snakehead Channa barca 105 cm (41 in)
Rainbow snakehead Channa bleheri 14.5 cm (5.7 in)
African snakehead Parachanna obscura 50 cm (20 in) Illegal to possess live in the USA without a permit[61]

Rainbowfish[edit]

Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Bleher's rainbowfish Chilatherina bleheri 12 cm (4.7 in)
Red rainbowfish Glossolepis incisus 9–13 cm (3.5–5.1 in) Almost all rainbowfish species are bred in captivity and wild populations may be protected.[62]
Threadfin rainbowfish Iriatherina werneri 3–4 cm (1.2–1.6 in)
New Guinea rainbowfish Melanotaenia affinis 13 cm (5.1 in)
Boeseman's rainbowfish Melanotaenia boesemani 10–13 cm (3.9–5.1 in)
Lake Kurumoi rainbowfish Melanotaenia parva 7.5–8 cm (3.0–3.1 in)
Neon rainbowfish Melanotaenia praecox 6–7.5 cm (2.4–3.0 in)
Lake Wanam rainbowfish Glossolepis wanamensis 9 cm (3.5 in)
Western rainbowfish Melanotaenia australis 11 cm (4.3 in)
Duboulayi's rainbowfish Melanotaenia duboulayi 13–15 cm (5.1–5.9 in) a.k.a. Crimson-Spotted rainbowfish
Australian rainbowfish Melanotaenia fluviatilis 13–15 cm (5.1–5.9 in)
Lake Tebera rainbowfish Melanotaenia herbertaxelrodi 9 cm (3.5 in)
Lake Kutubu rainbowfish Melanotaenia lacustris 12 cm (4.7 in)
Parkinson's rainbowfish Melanotaenia parkinsoni 11 cm (4.3 in)
Eastern rainbowfish Melanotaenia splendida splendida 13–15 cm (5.1–5.9 in)
Banded rainbowfish Melanotaenia trifasciata 13 cm (5.1 in)
Celebes rainbow Marosatherina ladigesi 8 cm (3.1 in)
Spotted blue-eye Pseudomugil gertrudae 3–4 cm (1.2–1.6 in)
Red neon blue-eye Pseudomugil luminatus 3–3.5 cm (1.2–1.4 in)
Delicate blue-eye Pseudomugil tenellus 4–5.5 cm (1.6–2.2 in)
Forktail blue-eye Pseudomugil furcatus 4–5 cm (1.6–2.0 in) These fish need a larger aquarium than their size suggests. Though they only grow to a length of about 2 inches, they are happiest in groups of 8 – 10 or more, and they appreciate lots of swimming space.[63] 75 - 79 °F (24 - 26 °C) [63] 6.5 - 8.0[63]
Neon blue-eye Pseudomugil cyanodorsalis 3.5 cm (1.4 in)
Pacific blue-eye Pseudomugil signifer 3.5–7 cm (1.4–2.8 in)
Madagascar rainbowfish Bedotia madagascariensis 7.5–8 cm (3.0–3.1 in)

Gobies and sleepers[edit]

Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
Bumblebee goby Brachygobius doriae 4 cm (1.6 in)
Mugilogobius rexi 3 cm (1.2 in)
Knight goby Stigmatogobius sadanundio 9 cm (3.5 in)
Barred mudskipper Periophthalmus argentilineatus 19 cm (7.5 in)
Stiphodon annieae 2.5 cm (0.98 in)
Rainbow stiphodon Stiphodon ornatus 5 cm (2.0 in)
Cobalt blue goby Stiphodon semoni 4–5 cm (1.6–2.0 in)
Sicyopus exallisquamulus 5 cm (2.0 in)
Sicyopus zosterophorus 4.5 cm (1.8 in)
Bearded worm goby Taenioides cirratus 30 cm (12 in)
Banded mogurnda Mogurnda cingulata 13 cm (5.1 in)
Tropical carp-gudgeon Hypseleotris cyprinoides 8 cm (3.1 in)
Crazy fish Butis butis 15 cm (5.9 in)
Marbled goby Oxyeleotris marmorata 30–65 cm (12–26 in)
Rhinogobius duospilus 6 cm (2.4 in)
Stiphodon percnopterygionus 4 cm (1.6 in)
Golden-red stiphodon Stiphodon rutilaureus 4.5 cm (1.8 in)
Atlantic mudskipper Periophthalmus barbarus 16 cm (6.3 in)
Desert goby Chlamydogobius eremius 6 cm (2.4 in)
Dragon goby, Violet goby Gobioides broussonnetii 55 cm (22 in)
Empire gudgeon Hypseleotris compressa 12 cm (4.7 in)
Purple sleeper gudgeon Mogurnda mogurnda 20 cm (7.9 in)
Peacock gudgeon, Peacock goby Tateurndina ocellicauda 7.5 cm (3.0 in) A little territorial with its own kind but is suitable for many communities of small, peaceful fish. Ideal tankmates are other species from Papua New Guinea, such as Popondetta sp. rainbowfishes; but tetras, rasboras, Corydoras cats and virtually any other small peaceful species are also suitable.[64] 40 L (11 U.S. gal)[64] 22–26 °C (72–79 °F)[64] 6.5 7.5 pH[64]
Striped sleeper goby Dormitator maculatus 70 cm (28 in)

Other fish[edit]

Common name Scientific name Image Size Remarks Tank size Temperature range pH range
West African lungfish Protopterus annectens 100 cm (39 in)
Spotted lungfish Protopterus dolloi 130 cm (51 in)
South American lungfish Lepidosiren paradoxa 125 cm (49 in)
Australian lungfish Neoceratodus forsteri 150 cm (59 in)
Ocellate river stingray Potamotrygon motoro 50 cm (19.5 in) has venomous barbs that contain a protein based poison, if you happen to accidentally get stung you should submerge the wound in as hot as water as you can as this breaks down the protein[65]
Black devil stingray Potamotrygon leopoldi 111 cm (43.5 in) see above
Marbled whipray Fluvitrygon oxyrhynchus 36 cm (14 in) see above
Gray bichir, Senegal bichir, or dinosaur bichir Polypterus senegalus 70.0 cm (27.6 in) maximum length[66]40.0 centimetres (15.7 in) in captivity[67] Peaceful but preys on anything smaller than its mouth[68] 25–28 °C (77–82 °F)[66] 6.0-8.0[66]
Ornate bichir Polypterus ornatipinnis 60 cm (24 in) maximum length[69] Peaceful but preys on anything smaller than its mouth[68] 26–28 °C (79–82 °F)[69] 6.0–8.0
Retropinnis bichir Polypterus retropinnis 34.0 cm (13.4 in)[70] Peaceful but preys on anything smaller than its mouth[68] 26–28 °C (79–82 °F) 6.5–7.5
Barred bichir Polypterus delhezi 35 cm (14 in) Peaceful but preys on anything smaller than its mouth[68] 24–30 °C (75–86 °F) 6-8
Saddled bichir Polypterus endlicheri 63 cm (25 in)[71] Peaceful but preys on anything smaller than its mouth[68] 22–27 °C (72–81 °F) 6-8
Reedfish Erpetoichthys calabaricus 31.4 cm (12.4 in) at maturity, 37 centimetres (15 in) maximum length[72] 22–28 °C (72–82 °F)[72] 6.0–8.0[72]
Sterlet Acipenser ruthenus 125 cm (49 in)
Shovelnose Sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus
American paddlefish Polyodon spathula 150 cm (59 in)
Bowfin Amia calva 109 cm (43 in)
Spotted Gar Lepisosteus oculatus 70 cm (27.5 in)
Longnose Gar Lepisosteus osseus 200 cm (78.5 in)
Florida Gar Lepisosteus platyrhincus 70 cm (27.5 in)
Alligator Gar Atractosteus spatula 300 cm (118 in)
Cuban Gar Atractosteus tristoechus 200 cm (78.5 in)
Tropical Gar Atractosteus tropicus 150 cm (59 in)
Blunt-jawed elephantnose Campylomormyrus tamandua 40 cm (16 in)
Peters' elephant nose Gnathonemus petersii 22.5 cm (8.9 in)
African butterflyfish Pantodon buchholzi 12 cm (4.7 in)
Aba aba Gymnarchus niloticus 120 cm (47 in)
Reticulated knifefish Papyrocranus afer 80 cm (31 in)
African brown knifefish Xenomystus nigri 30 cm (12 in)
Royal knifefish Chitala blanci 120 cm (47 in)
Clown knifefish Chitala ornata 100 cm (39 in)
Asian arowana Scleropages formosus 90 cm (35 in) Preys on anything smaller than its mouth.[73]
Gulf saratoga Scleropages jardinii 90 cm (35 in)
Southern saratoga Scleropages leichardti 90 cm (35 in)
Silver arowana Osteoglossum bicirrhosum 90 cm (35 in) Preys on anything smaller than its mouth.[73]
Black arowana Osteoglossum ferreirai 90 cm (35 in) Preys on anything smaller than its mouth.[73]
Pirarucu Arapaima gigas 200 cm (79 in)
African arowana Heterotis niloticus 100 cm (39 in)
Freshwater moray Gymnothorax polyuranodon 150 cm (59 in)
Hingemouth Phractolaemus ansorgii 25 cm (9.8 in)
Black ghost knifefish Apteronotus albifrons 50 cm (19.5 in) Not to be confused with the featherback "knifefish" of the Bonytongue group (see above) 23-28C (73-82F) 6.0-8.0
Brown ghost knifefish Apteronotus leptorhynchus 27 cm (10.5 in)
Glass knifefish Eigenmannia virescens 44 cm (17.5 in)
Electric eel Electrophorus electricus 200 cm (78.5 in)
Northern pike Esox lucius 150 cm (59 in)
Humphead glassfish Parambassis pulcinella 8 cm (3.1 in)
Indian glassy fish Parambassis ranga 8 cm (3.1 in)
Gymnochanda filamentosa 3.8 cm (1.5 in)
Mouth almighty Glossamia aprion 3.8 cm (1.5 in)
Amazon leaffish Monocirrhus polyacanthus 8 cm (3.1 in)
African leaffish Polycentropsis abbreviata 8 cm (3.1 in)
Nile perch Lates niloticus 200 cm (79 in)
Indonesian tigerfish Datnioides microlepis 45 cm (18 in)
Silver tigerfish Datnioides polota 30 cm (12 in)
New Guinea tigerfish Datnioides campbelli 32 cm (13 in)
Banded archerfish Toxotes jaculatrix 30 cm (12 in)
Seven-spot archerfish Toxotes chatareus 40 cm (16 in)
Spotted scat Scatophagus argus 20 cm (7.9 in)
African scat Scatophagus tetracanthus 30 cm (12 in)
Silver moony Monodactylus argenteus 27 cm (10.5 in)
African moony Monodactylus sebae 25 cm (10 in)
Freshwater pipefish Doryichthys martensii 15 cm (5.9 in)
African freshwater pipefish Enneacampus ansorgii 14 cm (5.5 in)
Zebra blenny Omobranchus zebra 6 cm (2.4 in)
Fire eel Mastacembelus erythrotaenia 100 cm (39 in)
Tire track eel Mastacembelus armatus 90 cm (35 in)
Peacock eel Macrognathus siamensis 30 cm (12 in) They require clean water and are vulnerable to parasites, fungal diseases, and the copper-based drugs used to treat these conditions.[74] 73-82 °F (23-28 °C)[75] 6.0-8.0[75]
Zebra spiny eel Macrognathus zebrinus 46 cm (18 in)
Half-banded spiny eel Macrognathus circumcinctus 20 cm (7.9 in)
Lesser spiny eel Macrognathus tapirus 38 cm (15 in)
Freshwater needlefish Xenentodon cancila 35 cm (14 in)
Grunting toadfish Allenbatrachus grunniens 30 cm (12 in)
Freshwater sole Achiroides melanorhynchus 14 cm (5.5 in)
Golden puffer Auriglobus modestus 10 cm (3.9 in) See above
Green spotted puffer Dichotomyctere nigroviridis 15 cm (5.9 in) Pufferfish inflating out of water can cause death.[76]
Figure 8 pufferfish Dichotomyctere ocellatus 6 cm (2.4 in)
Humpback Puffer Pao palembangensis 20 cm (7.9 in) See above
Red-tail dwarf puffer Carinotetraodon irrubesco 4.5 cm (1.8 in) See above
Arrowhead puffer Pao suvattii 15 cm (5.9 in)
Hairy pufferfish Pao baileyi 12 cm (4.7 in)
Dwarf pufferfish Carinotetraodon travancoricus 2.9 cm (1.1 in) aka Pea Puffer
Fahaka puffer Tetraodon lineatus 43 cm (17 in)
Mbu puffer Tetraodon mbu 75 cm (30 in) This fish also occurs in estuaries. largest freshwater pufferfish, they are very peaceful with most fish except, other Mbu pufferfish, other fish that will harass them. see above[77]
Congo pufferfish Tetraodon miurus 15 cm (5.9 in) as it is a ambush pufferfish it is best to house it alone as it will attack tank mates. see above[78]
Tetraodon schoutedeni 9 cm (3.5 in)
Amazon puffer Colomesus asellus 13 cm (5 in)
Everglades pygmy sunfish Elassoma evergladei 3 cm (1.2 in)
Blackbanded sunfish Enneacanthus chaetodon 10 cm (3.9 in)
Freshwater blenny Salaria fluviatilis
Brook stickleback Culaea inconstans
Banded darter Etheostoma zonale
Gilt darter Percina evides
Orangethroat darter Etheostoma spectabile
Rainbow darter Etheostoma caeruleum
Splendid darter Etheostoma barrenense

See also[edit]

Sources[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Freshwater aquarium fish.
  • Alderton, D. (2005). Encyclopedia of Aquarium and Pond Fish. Dorling Kindersley.
  • Jennings, G. (2006). 500 Aquarium Fish: A Visual Reference to the Most Popular Species. Firefly Books.
  • Sakurai, A.; Sakamoto, Y.; Mori, F. (1993). Aquarium Fish of the World: The Comprehensive Guide to 650 Species. Chronicle Books.

References[edit]

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