Imperium Europa
Imperium Europa | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Leader | Norman Lowell |
| Founder | Norman Lowell |
| Founded | 2000 |
| Registered | 2019 |
| Headquarters | Valletta |
| Ideology | |
| Political position | Far-right |
| Colours |
|
| Slogan | Ave Europa nostra vera patria |
| Website | |
| imperium-europa | |
 |
|---|
Imperium Europa is a neo-fascist political party in Malta. It was founded in 2000 by Norman Lowell, who is also its leader. Its primary aim is to unite Europe into one political entity.
Party programme[edit]
Imperium Europa is positioned on the far-right[2][3][4] on the political spectrum and it has been described as a neo-Nazi,[5] neo-fascist,[6][7] right-wing populist,[8] radical right,[9] and white nationalist party.[10][11] As stated in its program, its goal is to unite all European natives under one flag, hence the name "Imperium Europa", leading to "a Europid bond forged through spirituality (cosmotheism, not Christianity) closely followed by race, nurtured through high culture, protected by high politics, enforced by the elite."[12] Imperium Europa is also opposed to immigration.[13] It was formerly Eurosceptic and used to advocate for Malta to leave the European Union.[14][15] Imperium Europa has connections with the French Nouvelle Droite.[16]
It was officially registered as a political party in 2019.[17] Its leader, Lowell, has expressed sympathy for Adolf Hitler.[18][19]
Electoral history[edit]
House of Representatives elections[edit]
Campaigning strongly against illegal immigrants, Lowell was the party's candidate in the 11th and 12th Districts in the March 2008 parliamentary election. He obtained 84 votes on first count from both districts, obtaining 0.03% of the overall votes.
| Election (Elezzjoni) | Party leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Government |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 | Norman Lowell | 84 | 0.03 | 0 / 69
|
New | 5th | extra-parliamentary |
European parliamentary elections[edit]
Norman Lowell was the party's candidate in the first European Parliament elections that were held in Malta on 12 June 2004. He obtained 1,603 first-count votes from a total of 250,691 votes cast (0.64%). In the 2009 European Parliament elections, Lowell obtained 3,359 first-count votes (a 122% increase over the 2008 MEP elections).[20] Mr. Lowell ran again in 2014 and got 7,000 votes, more than double the 2009 MEP result.
| Election | Party leader | Votes | % | Seats Contested | Seats Won | +/– | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2004 | Norman Lowell | 1,603 | 0.65 | 1 / 5
|
0 / 5
|
New | 4th |
| 2009 | 3,637 | 1.47 | 2 / 5
|
0 / 5
|
|
4th
| |
| 2014 | 7,418 | 2.68 | 3 / 5
|
0 / 6
|
|
4th
| |
| 2019 | 8,238 | 3.17 | 1 / 6
|
0 / 6
|
|
 3rd
| |
| 2024 | TBA | ||||||
References[edit]
- ^ Malta: White Leader Decries "Betrayal of Our Beloved Island" Archived 12 March 2007 at the Wayback Machine National Vanguard 17 June 2004.
- ^ "Far-right group leader sues weekly for libel". Times of Malta. November 2006. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- ^ "Norman Lowell to contest election". Times of Malta. 11 February 2008. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- ^ Harwood, Mark (2005), Lodge, Juliet (ed.), "Malta", The 2004 Elections to the European Parliament, London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, pp. 187–193, doi:10.1057/9780230523821_22, ISBN 978-1-4039-3518-2, retrieved 11 January 2023
- ^ "Elections européennes 2009 : poupée brune et vague populiste". Paperblog (in French). Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- ^ Schmitt, Hermann; Teperoglou, Eftichia (3 July 2015). "The 2014 European Parliament Elections in Southern Europe: Second-Order or Critical Elections?". South European Society and Politics. 20 (3): 287–309. doi:10.1080/13608746.2015.1078271. ISSN 1360-8746. S2CID 154854512.
- ^ Lorenzo De Sio, Vincenzo Emanuele, Nicola Maggini (2014). Malta : hidden change?. Roma: CISE – Centro Italiano Studi Elettorali. ISBN 978-88-98012-15-2. OCLC 938598181.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Leusch, Caroline (7 October 2019). "Maltese exceptionalism in the populist trend". MaRBLe. 1. doi:10.26481/marble.2019.v1.752. ISSN 2468-0311.
- ^ Political handbook of the world 2012. Tom Lansford. Los Angeles: Sage. 2012. p. 914. ISBN 978-1-4522-3434-2. OCLC 794595888.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Malta: White Leader Decries "Betrayal of Our Beloved Island" Archived 12 March 2007 at the Wayback Machine National Vanguard 17 June 2004.
- ^ Radical–Racialist–Right–Revolutionary-Reactionaries! Archived 11 March 2007 at the Wayback Machine National Vanguard 11 February 2004.
- ^ Atkins, Stephen E. (2009). Holocaust denial as an international movement. Westport, Conn.: Praeger. p. 136. ISBN 978-0-313-34539-5. OCLC 624337327.
- ^ Routledge handbook of European elections. Donatella M. Viola. London. 2016. ISBN 978-1-317-50363-7. OCLC 918941246.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Carammia, Marcello; Pace, Roderick (3 July 2015). "The Anatomy of a Misfit: The 2014 European Election in Malta". South European Society and Politics. 20 (3): 425–444. doi:10.1080/13608746.2015.1075313. ISSN 1360-8746. S2CID 155061040.
- ^ Harwood, Mark (2014). Malta in the European Union. Surrey, England. p. 216. ISBN 978-1-4724-3667-2. OCLC 900886991.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Bar-On, Tamir (1 January 2012). "The French New Right's Quest for Alternative Modernity". Fascism. 1 (1): 21. doi:10.1163/221162512X631198. ISSN 2211-6249.
- ^ "Imperium Europa officially becomes political party, leader Norman Lowell to run for MEP - The Malta Independent". www.independent.com.mt. Retrieved 27 December 2021.
- ^ "Police question Lowell's adherents on arson attack". Malta Today. 26 March 2006. Archived from the original on 22 April 2006. Retrieved 11 January 2023.
- ^ Hockenos, Paul (9 May 2019). "Is There a Secret Recipe for Preventing Far-Right Populism?". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 11 January 2023.
- ^ "2009 MEP Election Results in Malta".
