Dingle, Iloilo

Dingle
Municipality
Municipality of Dingle
Dingle Church
Flag Seal
Nickname:  Spelunker's Paradise
Anthem: Town of Dingle Dingle nga Matahum (Beautiful Dingle)
Map of Iloilo with Dingle highlighted
OpenStreetMap
Dingle Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 11°03′N 122°40′E
Country	Philippines
Region	Western Visayas
Province	Iloilo
District	4th district
Founded	1593
Established	1611
Re-established	1823
Chartered	1907
Barangays	33 (see Barangays)
Government
• Type	Sangguniang Bayan
• Mayor	Rufino P. Palabrica III
• Vice Mayor	Quindialem D. Villanueva
• Representative	Braeden John Q. Biron
• Municipal Council	Members Thalea Julina Memoracion-Wong Rufino C. Sorianosos Jr. Jimmy C. Quicoy Mia Marie L. Pasquin Edwin L. Cabayao Rhenan Val D. Ariola Marilyn G. Solinap Jessie M. Alecto
• Electorate	28,253 voters (2022)
Area
• Total	98.37 km2 (37.98 sq mi)
Elevation	56 m (184 ft)
Highest elevation	318 m (1,043 ft)
Lowest elevation	14 m (46 ft)
Population  (2020 census)
• Total	45,965
• Density	470/km2 (1,200/sq mi)
• Households	11,698
Demonym(s)	Filipino: Taga-Dingle Kinaray-a: Dingleanon Hiligaynon: Dingleanon Spanish: dingleño (m), -ña (f)
Economy
• Income class	3rd municipal income class
• Poverty incidence	17.48 % (2018)
• Revenue	₱ 178.2 million (2020)
• Assets	₱ 803.2 million (2020)
• Expenditure	₱ 126.1 million (2020)
• Liabilities	₱ 98.44 million (2020)
Service provider
• Electricity	Iloilo 2 Electric Cooperative (ILECO 2)
Time zone	UTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code	5035
PSGC	063016000
IDD : area code	+63 (0)33
Native languages	Karay-a Hiligaynon Tagalog
Website	https://lgudingle.wixsite.com/lgudingle

Dingle (IPA: [diŋˈlɛʔ], locally /diŋˈliʔ/), officially the Municipality of Dingle (Kinaray-a: Banwa ka Dingle, Hiligaynon: Banwa sang Dingle, Tagalog: Bayan ng Dingle), is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Iloilo, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 45,965 people.

The town is known for its baroque-architecture church and its archaeological cave sites, such as the Lapuz Lapuz Cave, famous for revealing the hunter-gatherer lives of the ancient people of Panay.

Etymology

The name Dingle is believed to have been formed by joining the native words dingding, meaning wall, and maingle, meaning hard. This hard wall refers to a rock formation found on the banks of the Jalaur River in barangay Namatay situated in the eastern part of the municipality. Locally, this hard wall is known as dalipe or tampi.

The town was known as Sumandig after a datu of the same name. The settlement however was officially called Baong upon its establishment as a visita in 1593 by the Augustinians. The name comes from the physical form of the settlement which was situated in a depression surrounded by low rising hills. The said name translates to kawa or vat, a cooking utensil similar to, but very much bigger than a carajay.

History

Early history

At around 1212, the site of modern-day Dingle was under the jurisdiction of Simsiman. The area was first inhabited by the Ati or Panay Negritos with Datu Pulpulan as chief. Under Datu Marikudo, son of Pulpulan, Simsiman remained as the seat of government of the Ati polity. The settlement was eventually called Sumandig after a datu whose domain covered the areas along Mount Putian from current-day barangay Lincud in the north to Suague river in the south and from the creek up to present-day barangay Alegria in the west.

Spanish colonial era

In 1586, Datu Disayaran, chief of the Suaga (Siwaragan) settlement, and his son Datu Bantugan, led the serious aborted revolt against the Spaniards in Dingle, known at this point as Baong, by the descendants of the settlers from Borneo, the native priests called maaram, and the marauding Ati who refused conversion to the Catholic faith.

The Augustinian priest Fray Francisco Manuel Blanco found Baong as a visita of Pototan in 1593 until it became a pueblo on April 23, 1611.

In 1614, a Dutch fleet of 10 galleons under the command of Joris van Spilbergen were seen in Iloilo waters. Fray Diego de Oseguera, parish priest of Baong, and Fray Juan de Lecea, the Augustinian prior of Ogtong, came with supplies and did much to placate the people of Baong who were completely restless after seeing how little the Spaniards could do against the Dutch. 300 native allies who joined the Spaniards have been cornered and were unable to go anywhere because the natives were also at war. Through the intervention of the friars, the townspeople were led back to the pueblo after they have hunkered down from the mountains while soldiers were dying from lack of food after all the rice and every supply in the convent have been consumed. Fray Francisco Encinas of the Society of Jesus also came to hide in the convent of Baong.

In 1629, the pueblo was nearly depopulated because of the incursion of the Ati who destroyed farms and killed most of the settlement's population. Only about 600 of the inhabitants survived. During the same year, Dingle was made a mere visita of Dumangas. In 1634, Fray Alonso de Méntrida managed to secure a seemingly independent existence for the settlement but in 1641, it was annexed as a visita to Laglag, present-day Dueñas, when it was again depopulated.

Petition of Don Juan Marcelino Dayot dated March 8, 1820 to Iloilo alcalde mayor Miguel Calderón for the elevation of the visita of Dingle into a pueblo, as supported by the 31 cabezas de barangay of Dingle and the endorsement of Fray Juan Raile, parish priest of Laglag.

On March 8, 1820, with the support of 31 cabezas de barangay of the principalía or the descendants of the pre-colonial datus of Dingle and certification of Fray Juan Raile, parish priest of Laglag, a petition for the re-elevation of Dingle into a pueblo was filed to Miguel Calderón, alcalde mayor of Iloilo, through the leadership of the teniente mayor of Laglag, Don Juan Marcelino Dayot (Dingle gobernadorcillo, 1829–1835). On April 28, 1823, Dingle was thus re-elevated into a pueblo after 12 years under Dumangas and 182 years under Laglag. Its first gobernadorcillo in 194 years was Don Julio Dator (1823–1827). Two of the more notable gobernadorcillos of Dingle who sold some of their vast landholdings to pay for the tributes of their constituents were Don Magdaleno Muyco (1835–1843, 1851–1853) and Don Luís Cantalicio Dayot (1853–1861, 1869–1873), respectively better known to the Dingleanons as Tan Mano and Tan Cantaling. On August 16, 1850, by order of governor-general Urbiztondo, Dingle became an independent parish. In 1865, Fray Fernando Llorente ordered the construction of the current structure of the Parish Church of St. John the Baptist which was completed in 1886.

On November 21, 1849, governor-general Clavería issued a decree requiring Filipinos to adopt Spanish and indigenous names from the Catalogo Alfabetico de Apellidos for civil and legal purposes. Surnames starting with the letter "D" were distributed to Dingle.

During the second phase of the Philippine Revolution against Spain during the Spanish–American War, Dingle staged the first armed uprising in the province of Iloilo and in the island of Panay. Now known as the "Cry of Lincud", the revolt occurred in Barrio Lincud on October 28, 1898. The leaders of the victorious uprising were Gen. Adriano Hernández y Dayot, Gen. Julio Hernández y Dayot, Maj. Estefano Muyco y Dayot, Maj. Nicolás Roces, and Lt. Col. Francisco Jalandoni. Today, the event is commemorated as a special non-working holiday.

American occupation

In 1903, by virtue of Act No. 719, an Act reducing the fifty-one municipalities of the province of Iloilo to seventeen, Dingle was annexed to Pototan, Iloilo under the Americans, the latter being larger and more prosperous. Nonetheless, through the efforts of then Iloilo 4th District Assemblyman Adriano D. Hernández, the separation of the town from Pototan was given impetus in 1907.

Education

During the administration of municipal president Don Tomás Sanico in 1912-1915, the construction of the Gabaldon school house was started and it remains to be the main edifice of the Dingle Elementary School complex. Funds were provided by an appropriation bill sponsored by Nueva Ecija Assemblyman Isauro Gabaldón. The building was completed in 1917 during the second term of municipal president Don Vicente Dayot (1616-1619). The first superior to hold office in the new building was Juan Datiles and its first school principal was José Lagora. The first Dingleanon principal was Paciano Dajay. The cause of education was further served during the terms of office of municipal presidents Don Luís Roces Dayot (1925-1928) and Don Julio Dayot Muyco (1931-1934, 1938-1945), and municipal mayor Cristino Abelardo Muyco Aportadera (1934-1938). It was during the incumbency of Luís R. Dayot when the Jalandoni-Dayot Elementary School, the first private elementary school town, was established. More primary schools were opened in the barrios during the terms of office of the last two mentioned municipal mayors.

Health

Shortly after the establishment of American rule, the Philippine islands were afflicted by cholera and dysentery epidemics which caused the death of more than 200,000 people. Smallpox was likewise still unchecked by vaccination becoming a cause for considerable worry. During the administration of municipal president Don Cipriano Montero Sr. (1928-1931), the antipolo system of human waste disposal was imposed. During his second term in office as municipal president (1931-1934), Julio D. Muyco became responsible for the establishment of the first peuriculture center in Dingle which extended basic health services to the townspeople.

Japanese occupation

Immediately after war was declared, a squadron of Japanese planes flew over Dingle on its way to bomb Iloilo City. The townspeople went out of their houses into the streets and looked at the passing formation quite indifferent and unconcerned, unaware that war was going on. Only when a lone straggler, on its way from the bombing mission overflew the town at a very low altitude and directed bursts of machine gun fire against the citizen army training center, now camp Adriano D. Hernandez, did the townspeople seek some sort of shelter.

Residents from the poblacion of Dingle left their homes and sought refuge in the town's far-flung barrios and mountainsides. They were joined by many others from Iloilo City and its adjoining towns, including Dingleanons who have been residing from other provinces. Among the more prominent who took shelter in Dingle were the families of post-war Iloilo governor Mariano Peñaflorida and post-war Iloilo 4th District Assemblyman Ceferino de los Santos of Pototan, and the brothers Eugenio and Fernando Lopez of Jaro, Iloilo. Peñaflorida stayed at Barrio Caguyuman at the foot of Mount Bulabog while the latter three sought refuge at Mount Dumingding. Thatched makeshift shelters and lean-tos blossomed overnight on the town's foothills and mountainsides. Many barrio residents shared their homes with the evacuees.

In Iloilo, the civil resistance government, with headquarters at Barrio Moroboro, Dingle, was headed by Tomás Confesor as wartime governor of free Panay and Romblon with former Dingle municipal president Luís R. Dayot as assistant. Former Dingle mayor Cristino Abelardo Muyco Aportadera was deputy governor. In 1942, José Dacudao was designated by the Japanese as puppet mayor while Julio Dayot Muyco and Numeriano Dayot Dator continued to act respectively as municipal mayor and vice-mayor of the civil resistance government at Barrio Moroboro. Many Dingleanons were employed as clerks and aides, and as provincial guards. José Dacudao felt the futility of his efforts in complying with unreasonable Japanese demands and in helping the Dingleanons against Japanese cruelties and atrocities that he left the puppet mayorship. His wife, Remedios Dacudao, assumed the post from 1943-1945. It was during her tenure as puppet mayor when fourteen Dingleanons were executed by the Japanese. She was, however, able to offer some measure of help by persuading the Japanese to leave without added civilian casualties.

Among the Dingleanons who took a more active part in the military operations of the guerilla movement were Lt. Raymundo Muyco Espino and his elder brother, Lt. Alfonso Muyco Espino. Brig. Gen. Alfredo D. Dayot and Brig. Gen. Noé D. Dayot, survivors of the 1942 Bataan Death March, joined the former after they were released as prisoners of war in Capas, Tarlac. On the other hand, Gen. Vivencio D. Dayot, the first Filipino radar expert, was sent to the United States to avoid his capture by the Japanese forces as his contribution to the development of radar was vital to the needs of the Imperial Japanese Army. Others with similar notable exploits were Lt. Mateo Luto, Capt. Fulgencio Dairo, and Maj. Abelardo Muyco. These men, together with many other Dingleanons involved in the guerilla movement, took part in ambushes against enemy patrol and reconnaissance forces.

Recent history

In 1954, the sitio of Nazuni was converted into a barrio and was added as a barangay of Dingle.

Geography

The topography of Dingle is relatively rolling hills and narrow plains from the Poblacion. The flat lands extend along the Jalaur River through its borderline to the southeast. This starts to roll upward from the Poblacion going to the north-west. From the west of the Poblacion rises the slopes, steep and mountainous. This indicates that the topography of Dingle meets a certain type-cropping pattern.

Dingle is 38 kilometres (24 mi) from Iloilo City.

Climate

Climate data for Dingle, Iloilo
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	28 (82)	29 (84)	30 (86)	32 (90)	32 (90)	30 (86)	29 (84)	29 (84)	29 (84)	29 (84)	29 (84)	28 (82)	30 (85)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	23 (73)	22 (72)	23 (73)	23 (73)	25 (77)	25 (77)	24 (75)	24 (75)	24 (75)	24 (75)	23 (73)	23 (73)	24 (74)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	57 (2.2)	37 (1.5)	41 (1.6)	42 (1.7)	98 (3.9)	155 (6.1)	187 (7.4)	162 (6.4)	179 (7.0)	188 (7.4)	114 (4.5)	78 (3.1)	1,338 (52.8)
Average rainy days	12.0	7.7	9.2	10.2	19.5	24.6	26.9	25.1	25.5	25.2	18.0	13.0	216.9
Source: Meteoblue

Barangays

Dingle is politically subdivided into 33 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

• Abangay
• Agsalanan
• Agtatacay
• Alegria
• Bongloy
• Buenavista
• Caguyuman
• Calicuang
• Camambugan
• Dawis
• Ginalinan Nuevo
• Ginalinan Viejo
• Gutao
• Ilajas
• Libo-o
• Licu-an
• Lincud
• Matangharon
• Moroboro
• Namatay
• Nazuni
• Pandan
• Poblacion
• Potolan
• San Jose
• San Matias
• Siniba-an
• Tabugon
• Tambunac
• Tanghawan
• Tiguib
• Tinocuan
• Tulatula-an

Demographics

Population census of Dingle

Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1903	12,129	—
1918	13,333	+0.63%
1939	16,698	+1.08%
1948	18,475	+1.13%
1960	19,748	+0.56%
1970	23,375	+1.70%
1975	26,368	+2.45%
1980	29,179	+2.05%
1990	35,415	+1.96%
1995	35,639	+0.12%
2000	38,311	+1.56%
2007	40,828	+0.88%
2010	43,290	+2.15%
2015	45,335	+0.88%
2020	45,965	+0.27%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority

In the 2020 census, the population of Dingle, Iloilo, was 45,965 people, with a density of 470 inhabitants per square kilometre or 1,200 inhabitants per square mile.

Education

Private Schools

• Mater Carmeli School – Dingle
• Goodnews Learning Center Inc.

Tertiary

• Iloilo State University of Fisheries Science and Technology – Dingle Campus

Secondary

• Calicuang National HS
• Dingle National HS
• Rufino G. Palabrica Sr. National HS
• Tabugon National HS
• Nazuni Summit Comprehensive National HS

Primary

• Abangay ES
• Agsalanan ES
• Agustin Muyco ES (Lincud ES)
• Agtatacay-Gutao ES (Agtatacay ES)
• Alegria ES
• Bongloy ES
• Calicuang ES
• Camambugan ES
• Dingle Central ES
• Ilajas ES
• Isabel Roces Memorial ES
• Libo-o ES
• Matangharon ES
• Moroboro ES
• Muyco-Daguro ES (Caguyuman ES)
• Nazuni ES
• Potolan ES
• San Jose ES
• San Matias ES (Licu-an ES)
• Siniba-an ES
• Sra. Consolacion Muyco Aportadera Memorial ES
• Tabugon ES
• Tinocuan ES
• White ES

Infrastructure

Power

The Panay Diesel Power Plant located at Tinocuan and Tabugon, Dingle provides 110 megawatts of electricity to Panay. The power plant is operated by the National Power Corporation.

Water

Two natural springs, the Lubong-Tubig and Talinab, serve as water source for the Dingle-Pototan Water District. While the Jalaur Irrigation Dam, also known as Moroboro Dam, built in 1955, provides irrigation to the agricultural lands of Dingle and nearby towns.

Landmarks

Bulabog Putian National Park

Main article: Bulabog Putian National Park

Bulabog Putian is the only limestone rock formation on Panay. It was designated a National Park through Congressional Bill No. 1651, and such is considered a "nationally significant area." It occupies a land area of 834.033 hectares covering five of the 33 barangays of Dingle. The park contains 13 known caves namely: Lungib, Hapu-Hapo, Maarhong, Guiso, Maestranza, Linganero, Lapuz Lapuz, Ticondal, Butac, Tuco, San Roque, Pitong Liko, and Nautod. The Maestranza Cave is historically important as it served as a hide-out of the revolutionary forces during the Spanish colonial period and on its stone walls are inscriptions of revolutionary troops.

Mt. Manyakiya

Mount Manyakiya is a natural viewing deck that provides a panoramic view of Negros Island as well as the low lying towns of the province of Iloilo. Nautod Wall, one of the major rock-climbing destination in the Philippines, can be found here.

Water

• Lake Bito
• Jalaur River
• Lubong-Tubig Spring
• Talinab Spring

Historical

• Memorial to the Cry of Lincud Heroes
• Adriano Dayot Hernández bronze monument
• Dingle Parish Church – Finished in 1886, this church, a fine example of Filipino baroque adaptation, is made of limestones from Bulabog Mountain, painstakingly carried by the early parishioners through narrow, steep, and dangerous trails to the present site.

Other landmarks

• The Hanging Bridge is a ruined post-WWII bridge that traverses the Jalaur River.
• Camp Pasica is a 13-hectare Girl Scout Camp.
• Camp Hernandez is a 37-hectare military training camp of the Armed Forces of the Philippines named in honor of the revolutionary hero, Gen. Adriano D. Hernández.
• Jalaur Irrigation Dam
• Museo de Dingle
• Welcome Sign

Culture

Festivals

The Dingle Town Fiesta is celebrated every 24th day of June in honor of its patron saint, John the Baptist.

The Pagdihon Festival is a celebration in commemoration of the Cry of Lincud, the first revolt against the Spaniards in Panay. It is held every 4th week of October.

Government

List of local chief executives

Gobernadorcillos

The principalía, the distinguished upper class and descendants of the pre-colonial datus, included only those exempted from tribute (tax) to the Spanish crown. Colonial documents would refer to them as "de privilegio y gratis", in contrast to those who pay tribute ("de pago"). It was the true aristocracy and nobility of the Spanish colonial Philippines.

Order	Name	Years in Office
1	Julio Dator	1823–1827
2	Buenaventura Osano	1827–1829
3	Juan Marcelino Dayot	1829–1835
4	Magdaleno Muyco	1835–1843
5	Buenaventura Osano	1843–1845
6	Alejandro Daraug	1845–1851
7	Magdaleno Muyco	1851–1853
8	Luís Cantalicio Dayot	1853–1861
9	Alejandro Daraug	1863–1865
10	Domingo Osano	1865–1869
11	Luís Cantalicio Dayot	1869–1873

However, a royal decree dated December 20, 1863 (signed in the name of Queen Isabella II by the Minister of the Colonies, José de la Concha), made possible the creation of new principales under certain defined criteria, among which was proficiency in the Castilian language.

Order	Name	Years in Office
12	Santiago Sanico	1873–1879
13	Tomás Sanico	1879–1885
14	Santiago Sanico	1885–1887
15	Julián Dalipe	1887–1893

Capitán municipal

In 1893, the Maura Law was passed to reorganize town governments with the aim of making them more effective and autonomous. The law changed the title of chief executive of the town from gobernadorcillo to capitán municipal.

Order	Name	Years in Office
16	Gabriel Sinoy	1894–1897

Revolution Presidents (1898-1900)

Order	Name	Years in Office
17	Vicente Dayot	1898
18	Gabriel Sinoy	1898–1900

Early American Period Presidents

Order	Name	Years in Office
	Gabriel Sinoy	1900–1902
19	Nicolás Roces	1902–1904

Capitán del barrio

Dingle was reduced to the status of barrio from 1904 to 1907 after it was merged with the Municipality of Pototan by virtue of Act No. 719, an Act reducing the fifty-one municipalities of the province of Iloilo to seventeen.

Order	Name	Years in Office
	Nicolás Roces	1904–1907
	Julián Dalipe	1907-1908

Presidentes & vice presidentes municipal

The Municipality of Dingle was re-established in 1908 after Iloilo 4th District Assemblyman Adriano D. Hernández succeeded in persuading Governor-General James Francis Smith to issue an executive order separating Dingle from Pototan.

Order	Presidente municipal	Years in Office	Order	Vice presidente municipal	Years in Office
20	Juan Cancio Dacudao	1908–1909	1	Julio Dayot Muyco	1908–1909
21	Julio Dayot Muyco	1909–1910
22	Tomás Sanico	1910–1913	2	Celestino Dañocup	1910–1913
	Tomás Sanico	1913–1916	3	Julián Masna	1913–1916
23	Vicente Dayot	1916–1919		Julián Masna	1916–1919
24	Julio Dayot Muyco	1919–1922	4	Manuel Roces	1919–1922
25	Tomás Sanico	1922–1925		Manuel Roces	1922–1925
26	Luís Roces Dayot	1925–1928	5	Celestino Dañocup	1925–1928
27	Cipriano Montero Sr.	1928–1931	6	Simplicio Dabalus	1928–1931
28	Julio Dayot Muyco	1931–1934	7	Numeriano Dayot Dator	1931–1934

Municipal Mayors

Order	Mayor	Years in Office	Order	Vice-mayor	Years in Office
29	Cristino Abelardo Muyco Aportadera	1934–1938	8	Vicente Muyco	1934–1938
30	Julio Dayot Muyco	1938–1945	9	Numeriano Dayot Dator	1938–1945
	José Dacudao (Japanese Puppet Mayor)	1942
	Remedios Dacudao (Japanese Puppet Mayor)	1943–1945
31	Julián Masna	1945–1948	10	Salvador Dayot Dator	1945–1948
32	Alfonso Muyco Espino	1948–1951	11	Cipriano Montero Sr.	1948–1951
	Alfonso Muyco Espino	1951–1957	12	Maximiliano Dalipe Dayot	1951–1957
33	Felipe Defensor (appointed)	1957	13	Leonardo Muyco Aportadera	1957
34	Leonardo Muyco Aportadera	1959–1963	14	Maximino Muyco	1959–1963
35	Rufino Aportadera Palabrica Jr.	1964–1967	15	Felipe Potente	1964–1967
36	Roberto Aportadera Palabrica Sr.	1968–1971	16	Cipriano Dayot Montero Jr.	1968–1971
	Roberto Aportadera Palabrica Sr.	1971–1986	17	Teodoro Luntao Jr.	1971–1986
37	José Aportadera (OIC Mayor)	1986–1988	18	Remegio Confesor Sr. (OIC Vice-mayor)	1986–1988
38	Teodoro Luntao Jr.	1988–1992	19	Robin Espino Solinap	1988–1992
39	Henry Anotado	1992–2001	20	Jessie Alecto	1992–2001
40	Robin Espino Solinap	2001–2006	21	Reblun Luntao-Lacson	2001–2006
41	Reblun Luntao-Lacson	2006-2007	22	Quindialem Deaño-Villanueva	2006-2007
42	Rufino Palabrica III	2007–2010	23	Reblun Luntao-Lacson	2007–2010
	Rufino Palabrica III	2010-2016	24	Jessie Alecto	2010-2016
43	Jessie Alecto	2016–2018	25	Rufino Palabrica III	2016–2018
44	Rufino Palabrica III	2018–2019	26	Jimmy Quicoy	2018–2019
	Rufino Palabrica III	2019–present	27	Quindialem Deaño-Villanueva	2019–present

Notable personalities

• General Adriano Dayot Hernández – Revolutionary Hero
• Guillermo Gómez Rivera – Filipino writer, journalist, poet, playwright, historian, linguist
• Merlie M. Alunan – Palanca Awardee for Literature
• Nancy Deaño – Olympic competitor
• Most Rev. Jose S. Palma, D.D., S.Th.D – current Archbishop of Cebu and former president of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines

External links

• Philippine Standard Geographic Code
• Philippine Census Information
• Local Governance Performance Management System